The current stage of economic development is characterized by unprecedented rates of technological change, market globalization, and increasing competitive pressure, which poses new complex challenges for enterprises in the field of innovation management. This article is dedicated to a comprehensive analysis of modern conceptions and models of strategic innovation management through the lens of transformational changes occurring in both the Ukrainian and global economies. The research is particularly relevant due to the necessity of adapting traditional approaches to the conditions of the digital economy, global crises (such as the COVID-19 pandemic and the ongoing war in Ukraine), and growing demands for sustainable development. The analysis is based on a systemic study of scientific works by leading Ukrainian researchers, which has allowed for the identification and classification of three key directions in the development of the theory of strategic innovation management. The first direction is associated with adaptive management models, which gain particular significance in conditions of instability and uncertainty. The second direction encompasses the digital transformation of innovation processes, particularly the implementation of artificial intelligence, big data technologies, and the Internet of Things. The third direction emphasizes the integration of ESG (environmental, social, and governance) principles into the innovation strategies of enterprises. An important aspect of the research is the analysis of the specifics of the Ukrainian context, particularly the impact of the war on innovation processes and the need to develop special crisis management models. The research results demonstrate that traditional linear models of innovation management are losing their efficiency and are being replaced by more flexible approaches such as Agile, Lean Startup, and other iterative methods. Special attention is given to analyzing the obstacles to the implementation of innovative strategies in Ukrainian conditions, including insufficient funding, weak integration of science and business, and limited access to international technology markets. The article provides a detailed systematization of contemporary models of strategic management of innovations, considering their strengths and weaknesses, as well as the areas of most effective application. The suggestions for developing hybrid models that combine elements of ecosystem approaches, open innovations, and digital solutions are particularly valuable in practice. The model of strategic financing of innovations proposed by the author is aimed at stimulating innovative activity and ensuring sustainable economic growth. The research also highlights promising directions for further development of the theory of strategic management of innovations in Ukraine, particularly the need for a comprehensive methodology that would consider the specifics of the domestic economy and individual sectors.

The article examines the theoretical and practical aspects of managing enterprise competitiveness in the modern market environment characterized by high dynamics, globalization, and economic instability. Competitiveness management is presented as a complex task requiring the integration of innovations, adaptation to changes in the external environment, and efficient use of enterprise resources. Particular attention is given to the analysis of PJSC "Bilotserkivsky Reinforced Concrete Plant," a leader in the field of reinforced concrete structures production. A detailed SWOT analysis of the enterprise is conducted, highlighting its strengths, such as product uniqueness, technical excellence, high quality, and prompt order execution, while also outlining threats and opportunities for further development. The article emphasizes the need for strategic planning based on modern analytical methods, including market segmentation, assessment of competitive advantages, and the development of effective adaptation mechanisms to conditions of uncertainty. Key factors influencing enterprise competitiveness are considered, including product technical parameters, innovation level, customer service quality, marketing strategy development, and management decision efficiency. It is noted that ensuring sustainable enterprise development requires implementing a comprehensive approach that includes cost optimization, adoption of modern technologies, product range expansion, and active interaction with strategic partners. In the context of PJSC "Bilotserkivsky Reinforced Concrete Plant," its advantages over competitors are highlighted, particularly its unique equipment, low wear level of production capacities, and significant reserves for market expansion. The study shows that the enterprise significantly outperforms its competitors in terms of product technical characteristics, quality levels, and inventory management efficiency. At the same time, it underscores the necessity of improving the marketing system, conducting market research, and developing strategies aimed at strengthening competitive positions under conditions of economic instability and growing global competition. The research results demonstrate that enhancing enterprise competitiveness is achievable through strategies focused on long-term planning, innovative development, and strengthening market positions. Implementing such strategies will contribute not only to stable economic growth but also to ensuring competitive advantages in the long term. It is concluded that active interaction with customers, adaptation to changes in the external environment, and the use of modern approaches to strategic planning are key success factors for enterprises at the current stage of economic development.

The purpose of the article is to form a clear understanding of the approaches to calculating the profitability of domestic enterprises in wartime conditions, to analyze the current state, and to determine the directions for increasing the profitability of logistics company «Nova Post». During the course of the work, general research methods such as comparison, statistical grouping, structuring, forecasting, and a systematic approach were applied. The conducted research provides grounds to establish that at the current stage of economic development, the profitability indicator plays a leading role in the analysis of enterprises' activities. The importance of this indicator is revealed during the analysis of the activities of economic entities in wartime conditions, as it allows for the most comprehensive and detailed assessment of resource efficiency and overall profitability of the enterprise, considering certain challenges in the legal, economic, and socio-political environment of the state. It has been established that under peaceful conditions and market economy (throughout the country), as well as under hybrid warfare conditions in the part of the territory where market relations are maintained and there are no military operations, three groups of indicators should be used to calculate enterprise profitability: cost, income, and resource. Under the introduction of martial law and full-scale military operations, it is advisable to calculate enterprise profitability based on the profitability indicators of the enterprise personnel, as the national economy during the war effectively switches to a command-administrative system. For the successful development of the logistics company «Nova Post», it is necessary to constantly work on finding appropriate directions for increasing its income and the level of profitability. If the enterprise aims to maximize profit, it must either reduce expenses or increase net revenue. The most effective directions are: increasing the number of parcel terminals; selection of qualified and responsible employees; return of the bonus system; expansion of branches in other countries, particularly in Germany. A project to open 8 delivery service offices of logistics company «Nova Post» on the territory of Germany has been proposed and substantiated.

Problems in the activities of the management bodies of the territorial divisions of the state civil protection system were identified. It was proposed to adopt additional systemic measures invested in preventing disasters in the regions and reducing losses from them. It is necessary to continue work on developing a disaster risk reduction system taking into account the specifics of the regions.Systemic measures were proposed. 1. Within the framework of the implementation of the state policy of Ukraine, it is necessary to continue the introduction of modern technologies for forecasting and preventing disasters. 2. To carry out additional measures to modernize anti-crisis management centers and carry out organizational measures to form integrated management in crisis situations.At the same time, in order to increase the effectiveness of the decisions taken, methodological recommendations were proposed to the executive authorities of the regions on implementing additional measures in the field of safety of life of the population: to organize regional supervision, accounting and ensure the safety of hydraulic and other engineering structures for the protection of the population, regardless of departmental affiliation; introduce bans on timber harvesting and other economic activities in territories with a current state of emergency and a special fire prevention regime caused by natural fires; grant the heads of regional and local commissions on technogenic and environmental safety and emergencies the right to use all the forces and means of a unified state system for the prevention and elimination of emergencies located in the region; increase the efficiency of the three-level anti-crisis management system using a modern digital platform; introduce the practice of comprehensive use of all modern means of telecommunications and communications, mass media, and social networks to provide information about dangers and means of protection to the population.3. Take measures to improve the quality and reduce the time for providing assistance to people affected by crisis situations. It is advisable to make changes to the organizational and methodological documents on the implementation of compensation payments to the population that are necessary to improve the mechanism for providing assistance to citizens and control over the activities of relevant local authorities.Currently, the above-mentioned regulatory legal documents are being revised, and new approaches to assisting victims in disaster zones are being developed. The adoption of the necessary regulatory legal documents will simplify the procedures and terms of providing financial assistance to victims in disaster zones. Reserves of financial and material resources should be created in advance in order to urgently attract the necessary funds in case of emergencies, fires and other disasters.It is necessary to simplify the procedures for preparing supporting documents for paying for state housing certificates, repairing and restoring housing, recognizing citizens as victims, supporting small and medium-sized businesses, private entrepreneurs and self-employed people who find themselves in disaster zones. All of the above will allow to increase the level of insurance protection of life, health and property of the population in the event of probable natural and man-made disasters, significantly reduce the costs of budgets of all levels for the prevention and elimination of probable disasters.Other forms and methods of economic support for measures in the field of population safety, prevention and elimination of crisis situations are also used. However, they are applied on a limited scale and do not take into account the peculiarities of the current stage of economic development of Ukraine. The requirement of the time is the effective implementation of the state programs adopted by the Government of Ukraine in the field of protecting the population and territories from crisis situations. Within the framework of the programs, the state and regions should regulate and stimulate measures for the development of the system of economic security of the population in the future, develop and implement long-term measures to increase its efficiency, taking into account work experience.

A new stage of the “Big Game” in the Eurasian space is unfolding with the participation of an alliance of states, the so-called collective West. The goals and scope of the confrontation are not limited to Central Asia, but cover the entire Eurasian arc of instability. The area of the Caspian region is considered as the axial zone of the Eurasian continent, on which the geopolitical interests of the leading economies are focused and a new space of world economic development is being formed.Aim. To analyze the current geopolitical situation in the area of the Greater Caspian region, including the Central Asian space from the point of view of Russia’s national interests.Task. To identify the role of the Russian Federation and to substantiate the state of developmen t of geopolitical processes in the space of the Eurasian arc of instability.Methods. The work uses general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, system and project approaches, analytical, descriptive and monographic methods, models and mechanisms of spatial development.Results. At the present stage of world economic development, the motivation s of humanity are being formed in the context of creative development and the alignment of geopolitical processes in the vector of creating a more just and multipolar world. A special mission of the awakening process is assigned to Russia, which is a civilizational leader for the self-consc iousness of the peoples of the world of the objective need for a global creative reset. In the area of the Greater Caspian region, the outlines of a new model of the world order are being formed based on the consolidation of the efforts of the system-forming and interconnected international organizations of the SCO, CICA and BRICS.Conclusions. The strengthening of the role of the new world economic duo of Russia and China is accompanied by global trends of positive development in the world as the process of forming a “new integral world economic order” has begun.

This study investigates the interconnected roles of infrastructure development, financial growth, and economic growth in SAARC nations. Using principal component analysis, the paper develops a composite infrastructure development index, which integrates factors such as access to electricity, telecommunications, air transport, and agricultural land use. This index serves as a comprehensive measure to assess and compare infrastructural progress across the region. Econometric analyses, including Pedroni’s and Kao’s cointegration tests, reveal long-term associations between the studied variables. The results demonstrate a bidirectional relationship between trade openness and GDP growth in the short term, as well as unidirectional influences from inflation to financial development and from infrastructure development to inflation. However, findings vary across SAARC countries, reflecting their diverse economic structures and development stages. Notably, Afghanistan is excluded due to data limitations, emphasizing the region-specific focus of the results. The study highlights the critical role of targeted infrastructure investment and financial sector reforms in fostering sustainable economic growth. Policymakers are encouraged to consider these findings when designing synchronized public and private sector initiatives to bridge development gaps. By offering detailed insights into region-specific dynamics, this study enriches understanding of the complex interplay between infrastructure, finance, and economic growth in emerging economies.

The rapid growth of the Chinese economy has significantly escalated energy consumption and carbon emissions. The imperative to achieve synergies in energy conservation and carbon reduction has never been more pressing. Digital development presents promising avenues for addressing these challenges, making it crucial to investigate its impact on energy intensity (EI) and carbon emission performance (CEP). This study integrates the super efficiency epsilon-based measure (SE-EBM), mediation effect, and threshold effect models to assess the influence of digital development on EI and CEP using data from 267 cities across China from 2011 to 2019. Our findings demonstrate a notable 23.1% reduction in EI and an 18.5% improvement in CEP attributable to digital development. Moreover, our analysis underscores the pivotal role of technological innovation as a transformative conduit. Importantly, we identify significant threshold effects linked to economic development stages. This study not only enriches our understanding of pathways to energy conservation and carbon reduction but also provides compelling evidence supporting policies aimed at fostering and accelerating digital development initiatives.

At the modern post-industrial stage of economic development, the transformation of social systems in developed countries is carried out in the direction of individualization of the educational trajectory of each person. In the presented study, significant attention is paid to ensuring of getting education by children with special needs, the percentage of such children tends to increase throughout the world. One of the difficulties in organizing work with special children is collecting information on the characteristics of the required educational environment, according to W. Oates’s decentralization theory, the provision and financing of public goods should be carried out at the level of the budget system that is closest to the consumer, while minimizing territorial differentiation in the availability of services. The purpose of the article is to systematize existing approaches to organizing the financing of the system of obtaining education for children with special educational needs. The conducted analysis of the current regulatory framework from the point of view of the implementation of the practice of financial equalization in the system of budgetary federalism allowed the research to determine the feasibility of centralizing psychological and pedagogical assistance for children with disabilities at the regional level. The analysis of the practice of implementing the reform of budgetary institutions in the framework of the transition to financing of the state and municipal assignment allowed the research to identify the discrepancy between the planned indicators and the actual volume of services; centralization at the regional level can help to redistribute services between territorial divisions. Using the example of the data analysis from the work of the institutions of psychological and medical pedagogical commissions (PMPC) of the city of Chelyabinsk, disproportions in funding sources and the volumes of the municipal assignment were revealed. As a result of the study, proposals are presented for the centralization of services provided by organizations of psychological and pedagogical, medical and social assistance. The transfer of funding for these services to the regional level can help to take into account the specific needs of children with disabilities and reduce the degree of territorial differentiation in the availability of educational services.

The search for additional financing sources for businesses is a critical issue at every stage of economic development. With the digital transformation of the economy, this issue has been elevated to a new level, presenting new opportunities for financial support, such as crowdfunding. It is important to note that while these opportunities present significant potential, they also carry significant risks that must be identified, managed, and minimized in order to protect business interests and resources. Crowdfunding can be approached in various ways. It can be seen as a range of potential scenarios for crowd-sourced financing, or it can be understood as the absence of a one-size-fits-all approach, requiring justification of the chosen scenario for each specific set of circumstances in which investments are sought. The aim of the research is to explore the potential for justifying the selection of crowdfunding models and strategies, based on the initial circumstances of implementation and financial backing for the project. The primary objectives of the investigation are identification and categorization of crowdfunding approaches; determination of factors that influence the choice of financing strategy by a business owner; development of a framework for crowdfunding scenarios, contingent upon a combination of prevailing conditions for the entrepreneurial activity. It is essential to note that modeling the rationale for a crowdfunding approach is intended to manage the economic and reputation risks associated with the founder (individual initiating a collaborative financial campaign to support their idea). The crowdfunding strategy justification model can be considered both as a standalone management tool and as a component of a digital platform that facilitates the conscious acceptance of terms and conditions by all parties involved in the collective funding process. It is worth noting that there is significant potential for formalizing and subsequently automating the model, allowing for its seamless integration into the digital infrastructure of a company or investment platform.

The current stage of economic development in the developed countries of the world is character-ized by high rates of development of high technology industries, among which an important place in the oil refining industry is given to high quality lubricating oils. Hydraulic oils for industrial equipment make up a significant part of the total production of industrial oils. In recent years, due to the modernization of the designs of hydraulic systems and the re-equipment of enterprises, the requirements for the quality of oils have increased significantly. To ensure competitiveness in the domestic and foreign markets of hydraulic oils, as well as to re-duce dependence on foreign additive manufacturers, it is necessary to carry out systematic work to organize the production of highly efficient additive packages[1].To achieve this goal, it is nec-essary to establish the relationship between the structure of the alkyl radical in the composition of commercial di-alkyl-di-thiophosphate (ZDDP) additives and the key performance properties of hydraulic oils. Keywords: mineral hydraulic oils, anti-wear additives, investigation of the performance properties of mineral hydraulic oils, alkaline calcium alkyl salicylate hydraulic oils.

The paper assesses the level of debt load on sustainable and effective development of the Russian regions under the conditions of sanctions, restrictions, and unstable economic situation. The authors of the study faced the following tasks: to conduct a comparative assessment of regional sustainable development and debt load, to consider the directions for effective management of the load as an element of economic security of the constituent entities, as well as to analyze the economic essence and peculiarities of formation of the Russian regions’ public debt. Various approaches of theoretical and practical plan to the study of the subject of the research have been evaluated and used. The methods and techniques that influence the level of debt load on sustainable development of the constituent entities through the use and application of various innovative technologies, methods, techniques, etc. at the current stage of economic development of the country have been considered and evaluated. The conducted research results can be applied when developing effective directions to reduce the debt load as a factor that affects the regional sustainable development.

Digital banking has emerged as a major force in reshaping financial services globally, providing greater access, efficiency, and cost savings. This study focuses on the usage and adoption of digital banking in the Balkan countries, including Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, and Slovenia. These nations, at varying stages of economic development and regulatory alignment, offer a unique context for exploring the trends, drivers, and barriers to digital banking. The article begins by examining the global rise of digital banking and its potential to address financial inclusion, particularly in emerging markets. It then provides an in-depth analysis of the Balkan region, where some countries have embraced digital banking more rapidly, while others face challenges such as limited infrastructure, digital literacy, and regulatory hurdles. Through a comparative analysis, this paper identifies the key factors influencing digital banking penetration, including technological advancements, economic conditions, regulatory frameworks, and consumer trust. The study utilizes secondary data from a range of sources, including financial reports, statistical databases, and academic literature. Received: 2 August 2024 / Accepted: 31 October 2024 / Published: 3 December 2024

Challenges for low-carbon economies in Latin America. Testing pollution haven hypothesis in developing countries

The purpose of this study is to analyze the function of law in the stages of economic development and to analyze community empowerment through the role of law. The research is normative-legal research, using the statute approach, conceptual approach, and case approach. Secondary Legal Materials are all publications on a law that are not official documents which include textbooks, legal dictionaries, legal journals, and research reports. The collected legal materials are then analyzed qualitatively. The results of the research show that development in the economic field cannot work alone, but requires support from various parties, especially in the field of law. Law has a very central role in the success of a country's economic development, particularly in providing business and investment certainty, both at the central and regional levels. This will provide a huge opportunity for the central government in accelerating policies related to the economy in the regions because the regions are already stable in terms of the functioning of the legal function in the field of economic development. In relation to community empowerment, the function of law is as a driving force for development. In this case, the law as a tool to bring society in a more advanced direction will work dynamically following economic developments. Improvements in all sectors, starting from education, accessibility, action, institutions, business, income, environment, and life, and improving social relations in society will have a very big impact on economic growth in Indonesia.

China's island management system based on qualitative content analysis: The choice between development and conservation

A comparative analysis of the potential of carbon emission reductions from shared micro-mobility

China has entered a new stage of economic development, with the economic growth model transforming from the pursuit of “quantity” to an emphasis on “quality”. The economic structure undergoing a continuous process of optimization and adjustment, and the pace of transformation of the economic growth rate accelerating significantly. As an important way of local government financing, local debt is facing a serious imbalance between revenue and expenditure, which poses a substantial challenge to the realization of high-quality economic development in China. This paper adopts a panel data regression analysis framework for the relationship between local debt and high-quality economic development in 30 provinces and cities nationwide during the period from 2017 to 2023. The findings show that the expansion of local government debt scale hinders the process of scientific and technological innovation to a certain extent, which in turn weakens its positive effect on the high-quality development of the economy. In addition, local debt also indirectly contributes to the level of high-quality economic development by profoundly affecting the degree of openness to the outside world. Based on this, this paper puts forward a series of targeted policy recommendations for the current situation of local debt.

The article analyzes the factors affecting the profitability of the economy of the Russian regions. These factors are represented by the main economic characteristics of the regional economy, reflecting the structure of the economy, level of development, stock‑intensity etc. The methodology of analysis includes two stages: first, the identification of variables directly related to profitability on GRP; second, the construction of a nonlinear regression model using the identified directly related variables as explanatory factors. As a result, for GRP profitability we obtained a sufficiently accurate nonlinear regression model, which includes indices of extractive and manufacturing industries, as well as GRP per capita. The obtained model allows to identify conditions on GRP per capita and industry indices, under which profitability on GRP will decrease. This allows to demonstrate that at different stages of economic development, different sectoral structure of the regional economy is required to maximize profitability. In particular, in highly developed regions, the development of traditional production industries corresponds to the decreasing profitability. The results demonstrate that economic strategies adaptive to specific regional characteristics are necessary when targeting profitability by GRP.

This paper explores the path to solving India’s economic problems from a Social Keynesian Economics perspective, analyzing the history, current status and prospects of India’s economic development. India should formulate targeted social policies according to the stage of economic development and needs. Improve the institutional mechanism to stimulate the internal dynamics and innovative vitality of the main business entities. India can improve its economic structure and enhance the balance and sustainability of economic growth by accelerating the implementation of the “Make in India” program, strengthening infrastructure construction, supporting agricultural and rural development, and implementing education and health care reforms. Developing consumer credit and increasing consumer demand were also effective means of enhancing economic growth, but further transformation and innovation in the manufacturing sector needed to be promoted.

The essence of intergenerational sustainability emphasizes the necessity of incorporating altruistic thinking and culture. While prior studies primarily examined corporate innovation strategies from a self-interested lens, this paper aims to investigate the drivers of corporate green innovation from an altruistic perspective. Analyzing a sample of Chinese A-share listed companies from 2011 to 2019, we employ both the OLS model and the mediation effect model to explore how traditional morality and modern responsibility impact corporate green innovation, as well as the mechanisms underlying this relationship. Our findings reveal that both traditional morality and modern responsibility significantly enhance corporate green management innovation, with social trust serving as a key mediating factor. Furthermore, traditional morality and modern responsibility play distinctive roles depending on the stage of economic development: traditional morality primarily influences green innovation in the early stages of economic development, whereas modern responsibility becomes more influential as development progresses. This study provides meaningful insights for research and practice in corporate sustainability, business ethics, and innovation strategy.