Stability In Women Research Articles

The impact of stay-at-home orders on safety and stability for women: A topical review of intimate partner violence and intimate femicide in the United States during the initial phase of COVID-19.

We intend to identify the links between COVID-19, intimate partner violence (IPV), and intimate femicide (IF) for women in the United States by answering the following questions: (1) what does the existing literature say about the intersection of COVID-19, IPV, and IF and (2) what are the contributing factors leading to rates of violence against women during COVID-19? This topical review summarizes studies published on IPV and IF during the initial stages of COVID-19 covering the period of March 1, 2020, to July 31, 2021. This review identified 22 articles addressing rates of IPV and IF during COVID-19, exacerbating risk factors for women, and recommendations for responses and intervention efforts. Findings revealed an increase in help-seeking calls during the initial phase of the pandemic and COVID-related circumstances such as extended confinement, unemployment, school closures, social isolation, and financial strains intensifying women's experiences of violence. Data also revealed an increase in purchasing firearms, which increases the risk of women being killed by an intimate partner (Lyons et al., 2020). The nexus of COVID-19 and IPV disproportionately impact women, specifically, Latina immigrants. Implications for utilizing an intersectional framework to further examine these issues and promote social and political change are provided. Since the rates of IPV and femicide have been reported as increasing during COVID-19, understanding the complexities and stressors associated with life in a pandemic is essential for addressing inequalities women face and the health of our communities.

Community Violence and the Stability of Marriages and Cohabitations in Mexico

AbstractThis study evaluates the link between local violence and the stability of women’s first co-residential unions in Mexico by exploiting the drastic increase in homicide rates caused by the Mexican War on Drugs in December 2006. We use event history analysis and individual union histories collected by a national survey in 2009 to assess whether increasing homicide rates in the previous 2 years relates to the dissolution of marital and cohabiting unions, and to transitions to marriage among cohabitors. Cox models show that a recent spike in violence is associated with a higher risk of dissolution for first coresidential unions among less educated women. Competing-risks Cox models further show that for first cohabiting unions among the less educated, exposure to increasing violence is not only associated with a higher risk of dissolution, but also with a higher risk of transitioning to marriage. In contrast, recent spikes in violence were not significantly associated with union transitions for more educated women. This suggests that increasing local violence may be pushing disadvantaged women in coresidential unions to accelerate significant transitions in their family trajectories, by either dissolving their relationships, or getting married to their cohabiting partner, which plausibly reflects underlying differences in union quality. By evaluating the link between local criminal violence and union stability, our findings contribute to understanding how disadvantaged families cope with disruptions to their social environments.

Hypoxic breathing produces more intense hypoxemia in elderly women than in elderly men.

Background: Brief hypoxic exposures are increasingly applied as interventions for aging-related conditions. To optimize the therapeutic impact of hypoxia, knowledge of the sex-related differences in physiological responses to hypoxia is essential. This study compared hypoxia-induced hypoxemic responses in elderly men and women. Methods: Seven elderly men (70.3 ± 6.0years old) and nine women (69.4 ± 5.5years old) breathed 10% O2 for 5min while arterial (SaO2; transcutaneous photoplethysmography) and cerebral tissue O2 saturation (ScO2; near-infrared spectroscopy), ventilatory frequency, tidal volume, minute-ventilation, and partial pressures of end-tidal O2 (PETO2) and CO2 (mass spectrometry) were continuously monitored. Cerebral tissue oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) equaled (SaO2-ScO2)/SaO2. Results: During 5min hypoxia SaO2 fell from 97.0 ± 0.8% to 80.6 ± 4.6% in the men and from 96.3 ± 1.4% to 72.6 ± 4.0% in the women. The slope ΔSaO2/min was steeper in the women than the men (-4.71 ± 0.96 vs. -3.24 ± 0.76%/min; p = 0.005). Although SaO2 fell twice as sharply per unit decrease in PETO2 in the women than the men (-1.13 ± 0.11 vs. -0.54 ± 0.06%/mmHg; p = 0.003), minute-ventilation per unit hypoxemia increased less appreciably in the women (-0.092 ± 0.014 vs. -0.160 ± 0.021L/min/%; p = 0.023). OEF fell with hypoxia duration in the women, but remained stable in the men. Conclusion: During 5min hypoxic breathing, elderly women experience more intense hypoxemia and reduced chemoreflex sensitivity vs. their male counterparts, which may lower OEF stability in women despite augmented O2 dissociation from hemoglobin during hypoxia. These sex-related differences merit attention when implementing brief hypoxic exposures for therapeutic purposes.

Influence of the external breast prosthesis on the postural control of women who underwent mastectomy: Cross-sectional study.

Background: Women after mastectomy may decide to either have a breast reconstruction or use an external breast prosthesis. Aim: The aim of the presented research was to evaluate the influence of external breast prosthesis on postural stability in women after mastectomy. Methods and Procedures: In the study 52 women after unilateral mastectomy took part. The study consisted of 4 parts: 1) anthropometric measurements; 2) measurements of upper limb circumference; 3) assessment of weight-bearing (WB); and 4) posturographic tests (PT). Outcomes and Results: Differences in the arm circumferences on the amputated (A) and non-amputated (NA) sides did not confirm the occurrence of lymphedema in limb on amputated side. The results of the WB between the A and NA body sides in both tested conditions, i.e., with open and closed eyes, showed no significant differences between the test with and without an external prosthesis. No statistically differences have been observed between posturometric parameters with and without breast prosthesis during both PT. In comparing the posturometric parameters between the PT with open and closed eyes, the sway path of the center of pressure was statistically significantly longer when eyes were closed in both conditions, i.e., with and without breast prosthesis. Conclusion and Implications: The finding show that 1) external breast prosthesis does not have a significant influence on the symmetry of loading on the A and NA body sides and on the postural stability of women after unilateral mastectomy and 2) exclusion visual control during PT increases postural instability in women after unilateral mastectomy.

Trunk stabilising exercises promote sternal stability in patients after median sternotomy for heart valve surgery: a randomised trial.

What is the effect of trunk stabilising exercises on sternal stability in women who have undergone heart valve surgery via median sternotomy? Randomised controlled trial with concealed allocation, assessor blinding and intention-to-treat analysis. Thirty-six women aged 40 to 50 years who had undergone heart valve surgery via median sternotomy 7 days before enrolment. All participants in both groups received cardiac rehabilitation during hospitalisation and three times per week for 4 weeks after discharge. In addition, participants in the experimental group were prescribed a regimen of trunk stabilising exercises to be performed three times per week for 4 weeks. At each exercise session, each of 11 exercises were to be performed with five to ten repetitions. The primary outcome was sternal separation (the distance between the two halves of the bisected sternum). The secondary outcome was the Sternal Instability Scale from 0 (no instability) to 3 (an unstable sternum with substantial movement or separation). Measures were taken before and after the 4-week intervention period. After the 4-week intervention period, the experimental group had a greater decrease in sternal separation by 0.09 cm (95% CI 0.07 to 0.11). The experimental group was twice as likely to improve by at least one grade on the Sternal Instability Scale by 4 weeks (RR 2.00, 95% CI 1.07 to 3.75). The experimental group was almost three times as likely to have a clinically stable sternum (grade 0 on the Sternal Instability Scale) by 4 weeks (RR 2.75, 95% CI 1.07 to 7.04). Trunk stabilising exercises were an effective and feasible method of promoting sternal stability in women who underwent heart valve surgery via median sternotomy. NCT04632914.

Comparing the Effects of TRX and Aerofitness Exercises on Core Stability of Women with Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Background and Aims Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is one of the most common destructive diseases of the central nervous system, which leads to disability and impaired mobility and functional capacity in patients. For the rehabilitation of patients with MS, resistance training is considered as a safe and efficient method. In this regard, in recent years, core stability exercise has become one of the common training methods for the rehabilitation of patients with MS. It is defined as the ability to control the position of the trunk over the pelvis to effectively transfer the force to the lower extremities during various activities. This study aims to compare the effects of selected TRX and aerofitness exercises on the core stability of women with MS. Methods In this randomized clinical trial, 30 women with MS aged 20-50 years with expanded disability status scale score <5 referred to MS Association of Isfahan were selected by a purposive sampling method and were randomly divided into two TRX and aerofitness groups. They performed the exercises for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week, each for 60 minutes. Their core stability was measured using the Biering-Sørensen test, isometric lateral trunk endurance tests, and Planck test. Data were analyzed using paired t-test and independent t-test. Results The selected TRX and aerofitness exercises had a significant effect on the improvement of core stability in women with MS (P <0.05). Patients in the TRX group showed more significant improvement than in the aerofitness group (P <0.05). Conclusion The selected TRX and aerofitness exercises can improve the core stability of women with MS. However, further studies are needed to use these exercises in patients with MS.

Effects of Jaques\u2013Dalcroze eurhythmics program on postural stability in elderly women

Decreased postural stability is observed in older adults. There is an increased risk of falls, which may lead to serious complications and death. Elderly people can maintain and even improve their postural stability through properly selected exercises. This study investigated the effect of exercise using the Emil Jaques–Dalcroze’s Eurhythmics (JDE) method on the postural stability of women over 65 years of age. The study model was based on a randomized controlled trial—parallel group design. Fifty-nine women (69.85 ± 3.29) were divided into two groups: intervention (IG, n = 26) and control (CG, n = 33). The IG subjects participated in a JDE exercise programme for 12 weeks, twice a week for 45 min each. Postural stability was determined using a test on the AMTI AccuSway Plus posturography platform, recording centre of pressure (COP) point displacement. A biofeedback model was used. Accuracy, speed and reaction time of movements were assessed. Two measurement sessions were conducted in both groups: 1 week before starting the exercise programme and immediately afterwards. After 12 weeks of exercise, subjects from IG scored significantly better in the test of accuracy (p < 0.05) and speed (p < 0.05) of movements. Additionally, for parameters determining accuracy of movements, an interaction between allocation to a group and a measurement session was shown (group × time). A 12-week exercise program using the JDE method improves the postural stability of women over 65 years of age by improving the parameters of speed and accuracy of torso movements.

The remarkable stability of fertility desires during the Colombian armed conflict 2000–2016

AbstractLimited attention has been paid so far to the impacts of war on proximate determinants of fertility, including childbearing preferences. This study explores the relationship between exposure to local conflict violence and fertility desires in Colombia. I combined nationally representative micro‐level data on the timing, frequency and decisiveness of reproductive preferences from the Demographic and Health Surveys, with geospatial information about local violence from the Uppsala Conflict Data Program from 2000 to 2016. The results show a remarkable stability in women's childbearing desires in relation to conflict during the observation period, robust to multiple respecifications of the study sample, statistical model and conflict measurements. The study indicates that previously reported increases to fertility behaviour cannot be explained by altered preferences, suggesting a surge in unwanted pregnancies. This highlights the need for policy programs to support women in realising their fertility preferences, whatever they may be.

The Effects of Exergaming on Sensory Reweighting and Mediolateral Stability of Women Aged Over 60: Usability Study.

BackgroundOlder adults tend to experience difficulties in switching quickly between various reliable sensory inputs, which ultimately may contribute to an increased risk of falls and injuries. Sideward falls are the most frequent cause of hip fractures among older adults. Recently, exergame programs have been confirmed as beneficial tools for enhancing postural control, which can reduce the risk of falls. However, studies to explore more precisely which mechanism of exergaming directly influences older women’s ability to balance are still needed.ObjectiveOur aim was to evaluate, in a single-group pretest/posttest/follow-up usability study, whether Kinect exergame balance training might have a beneficial impact on the sensory reweighting in women aged over 60.MethodsA total of 14 healthy women (mean age 69.57 [SD 4.66] years, mean body mass index 26.21 [SD 2.6] kg/m2) participated in the study. The volunteers trained with the commercially available games of Kinect for Xbox 360 console 3 times (30 minutes/session) a week over a 6-week period (total of 18 visits). Participants’ postural sway in both the anteroposterior (AP) and mediolateral (ML) directions was recorded with NeuroCom Balance Master 6.0. To assess and measure postural sensory reweighting, the Modified Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction in Balance was used, where volunteers were exposed to various changes in visual (eyes open or eyes closed) and surface conditions (firm or foam surface).ResultsIn the ML direction, the Kinect exergame training caused a significant decrease in the sway path on the firm surface with the eyes open (P<.001) and eyes closed (P=.001), and on the foam surface with the eyes open (P=.001) and eyes closed (P<.001) conditions compared with baseline data. The follow-up measurements when compared with the baseline data showed a significant change in the sway path on the firm surface with the eyes open (P<.001) and eyes closed (P<.001) conditions, as well as on the foam surface with the eyes open (P=.003) and eyes closed (P<.001) conditions. Besides, on the firm surface, there were no significant differences in sway path values in the AP direction between the baseline and the posttraining measurements (eyes open: P=.49; eyes closed: P=.18). Likewise, on the foam surface, there were no significant differences in sway path values in the AP direction under both eyes open (P=.24) and eyes closed (P=.84) conditions.ConclusionsThe improved posturography measurements of the sway path in the ML direction might suggest that the Kinect exergame balance training may have effects on sensory reweighting, and thus on the balance of women aged over 60. Based on these results, Kinect exergaming may provide a safe and potentially useful tool for improving postural stability in the crucial ML direction, and thus it may help reduce the risk of falling.

Assessment of postural stability using the Zebris Platform in women above the age of 60

Introduction. Balance control and body posture stability disorders progressing with age are caused by the involutionary changes in the function of the motor and nervous systems. However, it is indicated that regular physical activity, also in older adulthood, may have a positive effect on maintaining the functions of individual systems at an optimal level. Study aim: The aim of the study was to assess the postural stability of women above the age of 60 who declare active lifestyles. Material and Methods. The research involved 24 women, who were arbitrarily divided into 3 groups according to their calendar age. The younger group consisted of 14 women below the age of 70 years ( x _ = 65.08; SD = 2.82), whereas the older group comprised 10 older adults, above the age of 70 ( x _ = 73.62; SD = 2.74). The scope of the study included evaluation of selected postural stability parameters: 95% of the ellipse area covered by the moving COP, statokinesiogram path length, mean speed regarding displacement of the centre of foot pressure, total left and total right foot pressure. The examinations were performed in June 2018 using the Zerbis FDM-S dynamographic platform. The research material collected in this way was subjected to statistical analysis. Basic descriptive statistics were calculated and normality of the distribution of variables was verified using the Shapiro- Wilk test. The Student’s t-test for independent variables or Mann-Whitney’s U-test (depending on the distribution) were used to determine the significance of differences concerning the analysed parameters of postural stability between the groups studied. Furthermore, for 95% of the ellipse area covered by the moving COP, statokinesiogram path and mean speed of the displacement of the centre of foot pressure and standardised profiles were calculated for both chronological age groups. Standardisation of the results was performed using means and standard deviations of the entire material (T scale). Results. The results of the study indicate a higher level of postural stability among women from the younger group. However, comparative analysis did not reveal any statistically significant intergroup differences. Mean point scores on the T scale in the group of younger women for the 3 variables ranged from 50.98 to 51.60 points, whereas for older women, this was from 48.90 to 48.98 points. The differences between characteristics in the group of younger women totalled ca. 0.62 points, while in the older group, this value was 0.08 points. Conclusions. comparative analysis allowed to show that postural stability indices in women above 70 decreased compared to the results obtained for the younger group. Regular physical activity may be one of the significant factors in the prevention of postural stability regression.

Effect of Trunk Extensor Muscle Fatigue on Postural Stability in Women Undergone Lower Segment Cesarean Section

Background: Cesarean delivery involves thorough disruption of the anterior abdominal wall and is relatedwith greater reports of postpartum pain and slower more painful recovery than vaginal birth. An increase inthe inter-recti distance puts postural stability in hazard. It also weakens the abdominal muscles and influencetheir functions. This can result in an altered trunk mechanics, impaired pelvic stability and postural change,that leaves the lumbar spine and pelvis more susceptible to injury. Low endurance of back and hip muscleshas been reported in women after delivery which can result into pelvic girdle pain and lumbar pain. Thereis lack of research on this topic, indeed this made us to study the effect of trunk extensor muscle fatigue onpostural stability in women undergone lower segment cesarean section.Objectives: To find the effect of trunk extensor muscle fatigue on postural stability in women undergonelower segment cesarean section.Method: In this observational study, 37 women undergone cesarean section in age group 22 to 35 years wereincluded. One- Leg Standing Balance Test and Functional Reach Test were the major outcome measures toassess postural stability in three conditions: No fatigue, Fatigue and Recovery Condition. Borg 6-20 scalewas used to check the exertion level after inducing fatigue in women. Later, data was collected and analysiswas done.Result: Both One- Leg Standing Balance Test and Functional Reach Test showed a decrease from Nofatigue condition to Fatigue condition. The results indicate that postural stability was significantly reducedin the Fatigue condition as compared to the No fatigue condition.Conclusion: Trunk extensor muscle fatigue significantly reduces the postural stability in women undergonelower segment cesarean section.

The Effect of Isometric-Isotonic Exercises of Core Stability in Women with Postpartum Diastasis Recti and Its Secondary Disorders (Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial)

The Effect of Isometric-Isotonic Exercises of Core Stability in Women with Postpartum Diastasis Recti and Its Secondary Disorders (Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial)

Stability of women's facial shape throughout the menstrual cycle.

Facial characteristics can serve as a cue for judgements of multiple human traits, from maternal tendencies, overall fertility to sexual openness. In this study, we tested previously found fluctuations in facial shape throughout the menstrual cycle. With methods more robust than those formerly used (larger sample size and detailed hormonal assessments determining the timing of the ovulation), we did not find significant changes in either of the three facial measurements conducted: symmetry, averageness and sexual dimorphism (all F ≤ 0.78, all partial η2 ≤ 0.01, all p ≥ 0.542). After narrowing the sample to cycles that had a higher probability of being ovulatory (based on daily measurements of luteinizing hormone and oestradiol), the results remained non-significant (all F ≤ 1.20, all partial η2 ≤ 0.03, all p ≥ 0.315). Our results (i) suggest that the previously found increased facial attractiveness of women in the most fertile phase of the menstrual cycle is not driven by changes in facial shape, but might instead stem from other changes in facial appearance, such as a more attractive skin tone; and (ii) underline the importance of replication of studies with new methods.

Melanoma mortality in Brazil: trends and projections (1998-2032).

Melanoma is the main serious skin cancer, due to its high lethality. This study aimed to make projections and analyze melanoma mortality trends in Brazil. Mortality Information System data were utilized for the period 1998-2012, which were projected until 2032, using the age-period-cohort model, with software R. The analysis of trends was made by Joinpoint regression, with 95% confidence interval, estimating the annual percentage change. It was revealed higher amounts of deaths in men for all regions. Brazilian trends presented reductions in men (APC = -0.4; CI95% = -0.6; -0.1; p < 0.01) and in women (APC = -0.8; CI95% = -0.9; -0.7; p < 0.01). The Midwest region presented increases for both sexes, while the Southeast region presented reducing trends for both sexes. In the North, there was stability for men and increases followed by stability in women, while the South presented reductions in men and stability in women; finally, the Northeast revealed one joinpoint per sex, with an increase followed by stability in men, and stability followed by reducing trends in women. The highest rates of the country were found in the South and Southeast regions, however, with reducing trends throughout time. Higher mortality trends in men were associated with later diagnoses in this group.

Otyłość a stabilność posturalna kobiet po mastektomii

Otyłość a stabilność posturalna kobiet po mastektomii

The stability of partnerships across the transition from education to employment

ABSTRACTThis article examines the dynamics of emerging adults’ partnerships across the school-to-work transition. While previous research studied the impact of the school-to-work transition on cohabitation entry only, we focus on partnership disruption, accounting for cohabitation as a parallel process. We examine whether partnership volatility is tied to enrolment in education, which would imply greater opportunities for relationship and identity exploration, but also postponed family formation, for those enrolled in education longer. Moreover, we study the impact of non-employment after education on the stability of early partnerships. The analyses are based on PAIRFAM, a survey on relationship dynamics for young cohorts in Germany. Focusing on western Germany, we study partnerships that began during education. In a three-process model, we examine partnership disruptions and transformations of non-cohabiting partnerships into cohabitations, comparing the impact of educational enrolment, employment, and non-employment while controlling for selectivity in entering employment. We find that young men's transition from education to employment stabilizes their partnerships. However, partnership instability is higher for young men with phases of non-employment after education than for those who are employed. In contrast to men, the school-to-work transition has no effect on partnership stability for women.

Assessment of postural stability in women with hip osteoarthritis: A case–control study

ObjectiveThe aim of the study was to assessment the impact of hip osteoarthritis on postural stability. MethodsOne hundred and twenty-five randomly selected women 20–85 years old (mean age of 49 ± 24.4 years) were assigned to three groups based on age, health status and activity level. Group 1 (cases) – elderly women with diagnosed hip osteoarthritis, group 2 (control) - women without hip osteoarthritis, and group 3 (control) - healthy young women. Assessment of postural stability were measured using a WIN-POD Pel 38 electronic podometer. Statistica 10 software was used to perform t-test resulting in significance level of p < 0.05. ResultsSignificant differences in pedobarographic balance measurements were observed between the study groups with eyes opened or closed (deviation length eyes open: group 1–3 and 2–3 p < 0.0001; eyes closed group 1–2 p = 0.19; 1–3 and 2–3 p < 0.0001; deviation area eyes open: group 1-3 and 2–3 p < 0.0001; eyes closed group 1–3 and 2–3 p < 0.0001; deviation velocity eyes open: group1-3 and 2–3 p < 0.0001; eyes closed group 1–2 p < 0.010, 1–3 and 2–3 p < 0.0001). The poorest postural stability was observed in patients with hip osteoarthritis (deviation length eyes open vs eyes closed 180.8/201.7 p = 0.028, deviation area 128.7/145.7 p = 0.771, deviation velocity 5.1/6.1 p < 0.0001), and the best postural stability was observed in young women (deviation length 111.3/137.5 p < 0.0001, deviation area 57/76.9 p = 0.003, deviation velocity 3.4/4.2 p < 0.0001). Conclusion(1) Osteoarthritic degeneration of the hip joint results in a significant disturbance in proprioception. This finding was reflected by the inferior stability parameters collected from subjects with hip osteoarthritis when asked to stand with their eyes closed. These finding were not observed in the other groups. (2) The disorder of the body stability of people with osteoarthritis may be a relative indication for the implantation of hip arthroplasty.

The effect of stabilization exercises on diaphragm muscle thickness and movement in women with low back pain.

Diaphragm is an important component of spinal stability. In presence of low back pain, there may be some alterations in this muscle like other muscles that are responsible for lumbal stabilization. This study aims to assess the effects of stabilization exercises on diaphragm muscle thickness and motion along with lumbopelvic stability. Twenty-one women with low back pain participated in the study. Stabilization exercises including motor control training were performed on treatment group (n= 11). In control group (n= 10), strentghening exercises were peformed for back muscles, abdominal muscles and hip muscles. The patients underwent a total of 30 sessions of treatment, 3 days in a week for 10 weeks. The diaphragm muscle thickness and motion was evaluated using ultrasound (US), and lumbopelvic stability was evaluated using lumbopelvic stability tests. After the treatment, in the treatment group, increase in diaphragm thickness and improvement in lumbopelvic stability were statically significant (p< 0.05). However, there were no significant changes in diaphragm motion in both groups (p> 0.05). As a result, stabilization exercises increase diaphragm muscle thickness and improve lumbopelvic stability in women with low back pain. Therefore, stabilization exercises should be considered as a part of the treatment program in low back pain.

Postural Stability of Women Over 60 Years: Physically Active and Physically Inactive

Introduction and objective: Maintaining an upright posture requires the human nervous system to integrate information from visual, vestibular, proprioceptive and exteroceptive systems in order to determine the appropriate neuromuscular strategy. All elements of postural control are affected by involutional changes which, consequently, lead to loss of balance and falls. Taking up physical activity is an important preventive measure. The purpose of this study is: (1) To assess the impact of physical activity on postural stability of women between 60 and 84 years of age and (2) To evaluate the participation of visual feedback in compensation for balance disorders. Materials and methods: The study group consisted of 56 female, between 60 and 84 years of age. They were divided into two groups: the first consisted of 26 women who were physically active and the second comprised of 30 women not involved in any organized forms of physical activity. Postural stability was measured using Biodex Balance System (BBS) in combined conditions of visual feedback (eyes open and eyes closed) and on different platform stability (static and unstable surface). Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the study groups in the tests conducted with visual feedback. The tests performed without visual feedback showed substantial differences in each of the presented indicators (OSI, APSI, MLSI) in favour of women who were regularly involved in organized forms of physical activity. Conclusion: The results confirm the positive impact of physical activity on the postural stability of women over 60 years of age. The most significant differences between the studied groups were observed in tests performed without visual feedback. The results show how important the organ of vision is in controlling a stable posture, and how important it is to train other sensory inputs which affect postural stability.

The Stability of Individual Well-Being in Short Windows of Time: Women's Perceptions across the Ovulatory Cycle.

Empirical research on well-being has rapidly increased in recent years. One of the most dominant issue concerns the degree of cross-situational consistency and stability of well-being across time, and this is of particular relevance to women life. The aim of this study was to verify the stability of women well-being in short windows of time, specifically across menstrual cycle phases. A within-subject design with 25 normally cycling women (range: 19–26 years) was carried out. The multidimensional assessment of well-being included the administration of psychological well-being, self-esteem, and emotional self-efficacy beliefs questionnaires during both high and low-fertility phases. The results showed the stability of the level of individual well-being across menstrual cycle phases. Albeit preliminary, results indicated that women representations of their well-being do not change according to menstrual cycle. Rather, an effective organization and integration of the entire self-system appears sustained by the stability of well-being measured through a multi-componential assessment over short periods of time.