Sports People Research Articles

Pedagogies implemented with young people with refugee backgrounds in physical education and sport: a critical review of the literature

ABSTRACT The field of physical education (PE), sport, and forced migration studies has grown considerably in recent years. Although we have seen an increase in publications in the field, no reviews of pedagogies regarding people with refugee backgrounds in PE and sport have been published to date. The purpose of this review is to critically examine pedagogies implemented with young people with refugee backgrounds in PE and sport. Using Freirean critical pedagogy as an analytical lens, we identified two themes: (a) the need to overcome cultural deficit perspectives by engaging in dialogue with the young people and (b) the need to move from assimilationist to co-designed ways of working with the young people in PE and sport. We outline directions and critical challenges for future research on the relationship between young people with refugee backgrounds and pedagogies implemented in PE and sport.

"Involvement in Malaysians' physical activities and e-sports during the COVID 19 Movement Control Order (MCO) 2020"

Background: During the pandemic COVID19 in 2020, Movement Control Order (MCO) was implemented worldwide, including in Malaysia. This MCO restricts the movement and activities of the public to limit the community involvement in physical activity such as sports, exercise, and recreational activities. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the trend of involvement of Malaysian people in sports, exercise, and recreational activities while MCO.Methods: This pilot survey was conducted among 150 randomly selected respondents from the enumerators around Kuala Lumpur, Selangor, and Putrajaya. Malaysia Sports Culture Index questionnaire (2018), with high validity and reliability used to collect the data. The data were analyzed descriptively using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 26.Results: The findings showed that exercise was carried out by 60.5%, followed by e-sports by 19.5%, physical sports by 11.7%, and active recreation by 8.3%. Aerobics, walking, yoga, Zumba, and jogging are the five most frequent exercise activities in the exercise category. For the sports category, people prefer badminton and table tennis. The choice of time to be active during MCO shows the most common time is in the evening, 43.7%. This is followed by the morning option 28.8%, night time, 25.0%, and afternoon time, only 2.5%. Social media 78.7% is the most dominant medium used by Malaysians in performing sports activities, exercise, active recreation, or e-sports. On the other hand, some respondents used video conferencing 13.5% and conventional media 32.4% as a medium for being active.Conclusion: In particular, involvement in active sports and recreational activities declined significantly during the MCO. However, the dominant percentage of exercise activity plays a vital role in reducing the health risks associated with physical inactivity.

The quality of life of people with ASD through physical activity and sports

Among the factors that influence the quality of life of people with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), physical activity and sport are key dimensions of physical well-being. Few studies take into account the perspectives of people with ASD in order to understand the extent of physical well-being and their subjective perception of it. The development of a system of quality of life indicators related to physical activity and sport for people with ASD and their analysis is the aim of this study, providing guidelines for improvement. A study was carried out with a sample of 276 people, professionals (n = 143), family members (n = 73) and people with ASD (n = 60). The people with ASD in the sample belonged to three age categories: children aged 8–12 years, adolescents aged 12–18 years and adults over 18 years. The research team used a qualitative methodology in the collection of information. They adapted three questionnaires, with validated quality of life scales, to guide the interviews and also applied them in the design of the focus group protocols. Subsequently, the research team analysed the information collected in the focus groups with families and professionals using a DELPHI method. A system for coding the responses and qualitative analysis of the responses was also prepared for the analysis of the data by the research team. Finally, the information obtained was compared with a group of representative experts. The results concluded with the elaboration of a system of quality of life indicators related to the dimension of physical well-being, as well as guidelines and proposals that bring together the perspectives of people with ASD in relation to the practice of sport and physical activity. There is a need to increase the practice of sport among people with ASD in order to promote their health, social participation and personal satisfaction.It is concluded that it is not possible to obtain a broad picture of the quality of life of people with ASD and their families due to lack of information. However, the method and the results obtained represent a first approach at national level to increase knowledge about the quality of life of people with ASD.

Wearable Sensor-Based Human Activity Recognition with Transformer Model.

Computing devices that can recognize various human activities or movements can be used to assist people in healthcare, sports, or human–robot interaction. Readily available data for this purpose can be obtained from the accelerometer and the gyroscope built into everyday smartphones. Effective classification of real-time activity data is, therefore, actively pursued using various machine learning methods. In this study, the transformer model, a deep learning neural network model developed primarily for the natural language processing and vision tasks, was adapted for a time-series analysis of motion signals. The self-attention mechanism inherent in the transformer, which expresses individual dependencies between signal values within a time series, can match the performance of state-of-the-art convolutional neural networks with long short-term memory. The performance of the proposed adapted transformer method was tested on the largest available public dataset of smartphone motion sensor data covering a wide range of activities, and obtained an average identification accuracy of 99.2% as compared with 89.67% achieved on the same data by a conventional machine learning method. The results suggest the expected future relevance of the transformer model for human activity recognition.

Preliminary analysis of linear and angular kinetic parameters of the gait of individuals with cerebral palsy

Normal gait patterns allow the identification of the normal movement pattern, such as the gait of people with cerebral palsy. Paralympic classification systems aim to include the participation in sports of people with cerebral palsy, minimizing the impact of the injury on the result of the competition. In this context, this study aims to investigate, functionally, the linear and angular kinetic parameters of gait in individuals with cerebral palsy. 15 participants with cerebral palsy were classified into three groups according to the classification of the International Paralympic Committee: 1) T35- diplegic; 2) T36- athetoid ataxic; 3) T37- hemiplegic. For data acquisition, we used a motion capture system in 3 dimensions. The results showed significant differences between the three groups in some linear and angular gait variables, corroborating the qualitative classification process already used by the International Paralympics Committee. In addition, we identified the existence of people with different levels of cerebral palsy within a single functional class of International Paralympics Committee. We found significant differences in some linear and angular gait variables among the classes T35, T36 e T37, which suggest "subgroups" inside each category, and this would prevent a athlete from competing on equal terms with the other competitors.

The Present Situation and Future Prospect of Online Fitness in the Post-Epidemic Era

The Present Situation and Future Prospect of Online Fitness in the Post-Epidemic Era

Exploring the Case Sex Segregation and the Participation of Transgender Adults in Recreational Sport in British Columbia, Canada

The discussion around transgender people and sex segregation structures in sport generally has received much attention from scholars of different study fields. However, it is far from being settled. A few questions that arise out of this study include: What are the experiences of other populations within the transgender community (non-binary people, transgender people throughout different stages of transition, transgender people who do not transition, or transgender youth and seniors) in recreational sex-segregated sport, given the current policies and guidelines in place? How effective are the practices (e.g. education provision, social media presentation, and skill-based segregation) recommended by this case study’s participants in enhancing greater inclusivity of transgender people in recreational sport?

Research on the Participation of Chinese Sports Cultural Elite in Ice and Snow Sports.

Governments have a responsibility to provide equal opportunities for sport and physical activity to all people of population. Chinese governments have issued many policies, such as “exhibition in the south, expansion in the West and East” of ice and snow sports to promote and stimulate the participation of the broad masses of the people. As a high-cost sport, the participants of ice and snow sports are usually socially elite groups. This study investigated the participation of cultural elite groups in ice and snow sports and investigated the social mobilization effect of ice and snow sports participation promotion policies by using binary regression and sequential regression models. The research shows that there are two different stages of one-time and continuous participation in the development of ice and snow sports in China. The one-time participation of ordinary people in ice and snow sports is mainly in response to the social mobilization of government policies. At the same time, it is positively correlated with site restrictions and knowledge of ice and snow sports. In the continuous participation group, gender, income, perception of ice and snow culture, and convenience near the site were highly positively correlated with consumption level. According to the results, low- and middle income people are less likely to participate in these activities because of their income. Therefore, this policy can increase inequalities.

TO DETERMINE THE FRACTURE AND ACCURACY BY USING TUNING FORK DIRECT TEST AND AUSCULTORY TUNING FORK TEST AMONG PATIENTS WITH STRESS FRACTURE

Stress fractures results in micro trauma to the bone caused by repeated mechanical stress injuries. Stress fractures are common injuries in sports people the result of normal healthy bone being subjected to repetitive loading forces, while training. Normally assess clinically, physical exams like tenderness to palpation, focal temperature increases and pain with various tests like fulcrum, and a hop test. Radiographic confirmation of stress fractures includes X-ray, bone scintigraphy scan, CT, and MRI. However, MRI is expensive and may not be available in all hospitals and difficult to get the immediate appointments. The vibration of a tuning fork has been recommended as a way to locate and diagnose a stress fracture by inducing vibratory pain at the site of the injury. Many clinicians and sports physiotherapist were using tuning fork for initial diagnosis of fracture and stress injuries. The aim of this was to identify the correct techniques used for confirmation diagnosis of fractures using a tuning fork directly apply tests and stethoscope technique for the presence of fracture. Patients were selected all those diagnosed hairlines by X ray with stress fracture of the lower extremity bones who consented to participation. Once identified, eligible participants received a standard history and physical exam including palpation for tenderness and participants were asked to their pain. The fracture site was located from x ray and marked by an “x” on the skin. Two tests were followed by the researcher.

Prediction of Sports Aggression Behavior and Analysis of Sports Intervention Based on Swarm Intelligence Model

In the process of sports, athletes often have aggressive behaviors because of their emotional fluctuations. This violent sports behavior has caused many serious bad effects. In order to reduce and solve this kind of public emergencies, this paper aims to create a swarm intelligence model for predicting people's sports attack behavior, takes the swarm intelligence algorithm as the core technology optimization model, and uses the Internet of Things and other technologies to recognize emotions on physiological signals, predict, and intervene sports attack behavior. The results show the following: (1) After the 50-fold cross-validation method, the results of emotion recognition are good, and the accuracy is high. Compared with other physiological electrical signals, EDA has the worst classification performance. (2) The recognition accuracy of the two methods using multimodal fusion is improved greatly, and the result after comparison is obviously better than that of single mode. (3) Anxiety, anger, surprise, and sadness are the most detected emotions in the model, and the recognition accuracy is higher than 80%. Sports intervention should be carried out in time to calm athletes' emotions. After the experiment, our model runs successfully and performs well, which can be optimized and tested in the next step.

Verification of Effects of Para-sports Experience for College Students

One of the efforts to help able-bodied people deepen their understanding of disabilities is to experience sports for the physically challenged. Previous studies (Yasui, 2004; Yoshioka & Uchida, 2007) have reported that people's perceptions of people with disabilities and sports for people with disabilities change positively through the experience. Furthermore, it has been pointed out that experiences that remind people with disabilities of their daily lives are necessary to lead to changes in awareness and behavior for solving everyday problems (Nakamura, 2020). Therefore, in this study, we conducted an experience of sports for the visually impaired for university students by combining an experience of a competition for the visually impaired and pair work to think about solutions to the problems of people with disabilities. Before and after the experience, a questionnaire survey was conducted on the awareness of people with disabilities and sports for people with disabilities, as well as on how people perceive disabilities, with the aim of verifying the effectiveness of the sports experience for people with disabilities. The results showed that participation in the experience positively changed the target group's awareness of people with disabilities and sports for people with disabilities. In addition, there was a trend toward an increase in responses from the perspective of the "social model," which views disability as something that occurs when people face various barriers in society.

La mujer en la historia del fútbol: futbolista, aficionada y periodista. El caso de Cádiz (Parte II)

Soccer has historically and culturally been an exclusive feud for men. The woman, if anything, only had a place as a decorative element. Any other female participation was rejected and even violated. The path towards full integration has been slow, but thanks to the strength, courage and enthusiasm of some women, whether footballers, fans or journalists, that path has been paving the way. There is still a long way to go. When football is truly egalitarian, then it will be possible to speak of the "people's sport". This article takes a retrospective look at how the integration of women has evolved in three football contexts: player, fan and sports journalist in general and in Cádiz in particular. Due to its size, it is divided into two parts: the first with the introduction and the female soccer player; and a second with the female fan and sports journalist and the conclusions. It has the direct testimonies of leading women in all these contexts.

La mujer en la historia del fútbol: futbolista, aficionada y periodista. El caso de Cádiz (Parte I)

Soccer has historically and culturally been an exclusive feud for men. The woman, if anything, only had a place as a decorative element. Any other female participation was rejected and even violated. The path towards full integration has been slow, but thanks to the strength, courage and enthusiasm of some women, whether footballers, fans or journalists, that path has been paving the way. There is still a long way to go. When football is truly egalitarian, then it will be possible to speak of the "people's sport". This article takes a retrospective look at how the integration of women has evolved in three football contexts: player, fan and sports journalist in general and in Cádiz in particular. Due to its size, it is divided into two parts: the first with the introduction and the female soccer player; and a second with the female fan and sports journalist and the conclusions. It has the direct testimonies of leading women in all these contexts.

Jogos Escolares Brasileiros: vestígios acadêmicos a maneira de uma revisão de literatura

The Brazilian Student Games were created at the end of the 60's and had the purpose of discovering sports talents and fostering a safe relationship between school athletes and the government. For more than five decades, this event changed its name several times, included new modalities, had different organizers and purposes. The objective of this article was to gather information about the five decades of existence of the Brazilian School Games, taking into account their different denominations over time. This is bibliography review research. Articles related to the Brazilian School Games and all variations of nomenclature of this event were searched in Google academic and in the Integrated Search Portal of the University of São Paulo. For the analysis of the 22 selected articles, two thematic units and four subunits were created. The surveys selected here largely depended on the availability of official documents to carry them out. Having access to these documents made it possible to get in touch with the wealth of details of this event, which confirm its importance for the engagement of young people in sport and its role in training athletes. For this reason, the preservation of this material, printed and digital, in government libraries such as those of the Ministry of Sport and Ministry of Education, in the libraries of Physical Education and Sports courses, and in the private sector, such as the library of the Olympic Committee of the Brazil (COB) is of vital importance for the preservation of the memory of school sports

A New Type of ECG Signal Acquisition and Storage Nonvolatile Chip Embedded in Mobile Devices for Sports Monitoring

In the fast‐paced development of life in today’s society, the use of ECG signals is not only used in the medical direction to scan patients; portable ECG signal acquisition tools can collect and analyze the corresponding ECG signals in time and respond to the wearer in time, so that the user can make timely adjustments or seek medical treatment in time to avoid a malignant situation that occurs. For people in sports, the collection of ECG signals is more helpful to the arrangement and estimation of training conditions. Based on nonvolatile memory technology, data will not be lost when the computer is turned off or suddenly or unexpectedly shut down. This research puts forward the design of an antiexercise ECG monitoring system that collects ECG signals for a group that is in the process of exercise. Use mathematical calculation system to classify, and conduct in‐depth analysis of the reasons for poor anti‐interference ability, and use the original denoising algorithm calculation as the basis to adapt to the dynamic situation in the opposite situation to the normal ECG signal acquisition in the static state. The collection is modified from the original basis. This research proposes an improved scheme for multichannel acquisition. Chips of semiconductor memory devices based on nonvolatile memory are embedded in mobile devices for use. The experimental results in this paper show that the comparison experiment ratio of collecting ECG signals from the sixth, third, fourth, and fifth directions can effectively reduce the mean square error (MSE), and the error of channel 6 is directly from 0.1598. It is down to 0.00143. Several other items showed a significant decrease. It shows that the anti‐interference ability of the ECG monitoring system can be further enhanced by increasing the number of collection terminals.

A SOCIOLOGICAL VIEW OF ALIENATION IN SPORTS

Alienation Alienation is the state of alienation of the individual first from himself and then from the people around him in terms of feelings, thoughts and behavior. Alienation, which was initially based on religious grounds, reached its current meaning with the industrial revolution that started in Europe. Alienation which is a sociological concept, is used to evaluate the relationships encountered in all kinds of social environments. Alienation which occurs in every area of life, also appears in the field of sports. For example, if a sports person who goes abroad does not feel comfortable and flexible as in his country, it means he is experiencing the sportive dimension of alienation. Or, a sports person who cannot adapt to the cultural changes in the club he has been working for for a long time may feel alienated from that club. Negative situations such as loss of interest in sports events, facts and objects, decrease in creativity and isolation caused by alienation can directly affect the working life and performance of sports people. Therefore, this study was carried out to compile the phenomenon of alienation in sports from a sociological perspective and to reach a synthesis. The sports psychologist working in the health staff of the club and the mental trainer working in the technical staff can be a solution to the problem of alienation in sports. The work of such specialists is important and necessary for sports people to have a more developed sense of responsibility, to control themselves better, to improve their sense of duty, to increase their tolerance for errors, and to be standard in terms of attitude. Any sports person who receives such help can avoid the alienation trap in sports.

Research on the Development Characteristics of Ice and Snow Industry from the Perspective of Winter Olympic Heritage

China successfully hosted the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games, which left a large number of tangible and intangible Winter Olympic heritage for China. Under the background of 300 million people participating in ice and snow, how to play the role of Winter Olympic heritage and promote the development of ice and snow industry is an important issue to be solved. This study analyzes the basic characteristics of the heritage of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games and the winter Paralympic Games from the five perspectives of positivity, sustainability, inheritance, diversity and localization, and the unique green Olympics, mass Olympics and driving Olympics of the heritage of the Beijing Winter Olympic Games. With the rapid development of China's ice and snow industry and the high participation rate of people in ice and snow sports, China has a good industrial development prospect. From the perspective of Winter Olympic heritage, China's ice and snow industry has relatively perfect policy support for the development of ice and snow industry, and can inherit the tangible and intangible heritage of the Olympic Games to give full play to the maximum effect of the ice and snow industry.

Proposed Model for cognizance of NLP and NLU towards Enhancement in Sports

The sportsman is an amalgamation of a sound mind in cognizance with a healthy body. In the Indian context,most of the sports people are from rural areas with non-english speaking backgrounds. Thus, they face troublein executing the strategic moves and commands given by the coaches in various sports facilities. In thisresearch paper, the relationship of NLP (Neuro-Linguistic Programming) to sports and NLU (Natural LanguageUnderstanding) is explored towards improvisation of player’s performance in the game. The cognizance of NLPNLUhelps the sportsperson in executing strategic commands from the coach. The intricacies of the webcast andinformation retrieval using the NLU can reduce the stress of not understanding the jargon and enhance the thrustto involve in the gaming strategies.

Risk vs. Hazard

Over the last several years, we have seen an increasing recognition that many sporting activities now present the possibility of adverse health outcomes that sit well at odds with any idea of population fitness and wellbeing. As a matter of fact, the discourse regarding the implications for a number of contact sports, in particular the costs and possible trade-offs regarding neurological function and deficit, is now prevalent in terms of the wider media and academic fields. Whilst much emerging evidence and testimonies from athletes, sports people, and their loved ones outlines the damage and consequences that are immediately or longitudinally being experienced (with corresponding lessening of quality of life, or increased mortality risks), there is still an appetite for ‘dangerous’ (i.e. combat, contact, and adventure) or ‘risky’ sports, both in terms of participation and consumption. In this commentary, because of the emerging evidence demonstrating that some sports directly lead to an accelerated development of neurodegenerative syndromes, we argue that a more robust classification system should be used to create a distinction from the largely undefined categorisation of ‘dangerous’ sports, and propose an outline for what we see as ‘hazardous’ sports to reclassify those whose very rules, remit, and objectives present an identifiable risk of harm.

스포츠 저변확대를 통한 기초종목 육성 및 활성화 방안 연구

In this study, literature research, in-depth interviews, and expert meetings were used as research methods to suggest ways to promote basic sports through expansion of sports participants. Through these research methods, the current status and problems of policy about the basic sports were examined, and the opinions of persons in charge of each Sports Associations were investigated. Regarding the project of basic sports, the persons in charge suggested ‘the need to expand the sports paricipants, ’Share the goals and directions of the project’, ‘Preparation of long-term plans for budget support/operation’, and ‘Business operating standards reflecting the specificity of the environment of each sports’. In order to derive implications for fostering basic sports in Korea, overseas cases related to basic sports were analyzed. In conclusion, based on the collected and analyzed data, an administrative system and specific plan for fostering basic sports through expansion of sport participants were suggested. In detail, as a way to improve the administrative system, the research insist on the establishing the committee for both each sports association and KOC, and the operation of dedicated personnel to promote the project. Meanwhile, as specipfic ways to foster the basic sportst, ''Develop programs and resources by level/target'', ''Program distribution through coach education'', ''Expanding and systematizing the operation of Kids School'', and ''Expanding participation of excluded people in sports’.