Split Ring Resonator Research Articles

An Analysis of Split-Ring Resonators and Potential Barcode Application

This paper presents an analysis of various split-ring resonator (SRR) configurations coupled with coplanar waveguides (CPW). Three distinct resonant structures are presented, namely, the S-shaped split-ring resonator (S-SRR), the conventional split-ring resonator (SRR), and a pair of SRR. Among the examined resonant structures, it is observed that the S-SRR exhibits the smallest electrical size with the corresponding resonant frequency of 1.37 GHz, while the conventional SRR has the largest electrical size with the corresponding resonant frequency of 3.34 GHz. On the other hand, the resonant frequency of a dual SRR is 2.37 GHz. However, the transmission coefficient of a dual SRR is -11.43 dB, which is higher than S-SRR (-10.02 dB) and SRR (-8.18 dB). Furthermore, this study extends the analysis between a square dual SRR and a circular dual SRR with retained area. The square SRR demonstrates a lower resonance frequency (2.23 GHz) relative to its circular counterpart (2.37 GHz). The comparison also shows that the transmission coefficient of the square configuration is -13.88 dB, which is higher than its circular counterpart (-11.43 dB). The realization of a barcode application is achieved by loading multiple S-shaped split ring resonators (S-SRRs) with varying geometric parameters adjacently onto the transmission line. By individually rotating each of these S-SRRs, it becomes possible to alter the notch magnitude, thereby positioning it within a specific designated range corresponding to a particular code. In the case of a configuration involving rotations of (0°, 45°, 90°, 0°, 45°, 90°), this approach results in the creation of a barcode denoted as "100 010 000 100 011 000". This methodology enables the encoding of information in the form of distinctive resonant responses, providing a versatile and compact means of realizing barcode applications.

Polarization insensitive multiband metamaterial absorber for bio-plastic sensing application

This article introduces a microwave multiband metamaterial absorber (MA) with high potential for bio-plastic sensing applications. The innovative design is realized through a compact unit cell dimension of 1.33λο × 1.33λο × 0.22λο, employing a state-of-the-art split-ring resonator structure. Strikingly, this absorber demonstrates polarization insensitivity and can be characterized by five distinct absorption peaks at 18.69 GHz, 23.34 GHz, 25.72 GHz, 32.94 GHz, and 35.40 GHz. The corresponding absorption rates are exceptionally high, ranging from 92.82% to 99.95%. To elucidate the underlying absorption mechanism, detailed analyses of the electric field, magnetic field, surface current distribution, and input impedance are provided, showcasing the absorber's effective MA structure. The designed MA sensor exhibits outstanding performance metrics for bio-plastic detection, including an average quality factor (Q-factor) of 210 and sensitivity of 0.888 GHz/RIU (refractive index unit), marking a significant advancement in the field. Additionally, the sensor's linearity, output variation, and sensitivity are considerably improved for bio-plastic sensing. The research confirms the proposed MA absorber's functionality by comparing measured results and simulation outcomes, indicating a high degree of accuracy and reliability. The potential applications of this MA are manifold, extending to microwave absorption and enhanced plastic sensing techniques. Its compact and thin design facilitates seamless integration with various sensor equipment, broadening the scope of its utility. Furthermore, the article delves into the relevance of this research to several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly highlighting its alignment with SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production), and SDG 14 (Life Below Water). Thus, the innovative MA design signifies a technological leap in the field of metamaterial absorbers and contributes to the pursuit of sustainability and environmental protection.

Compact terahertz harmonic generation in the Reststrahlenband using a graphene-embedded metallic split ring resonator array

Harmonic generation is a result of a strong non-linear interaction between light and matter. It is a key technology for optics, as it allows the conversion of optical signals to higher frequencies. Owing to its intrinsically large and electrically tunable non-linear optical response, graphene has been used for high harmonic generation but, until now, only at frequencies < 2 THz, and with high-power ultrafast table-top lasers or accelerator-based structures. Here, we demonstrate third harmonic generation at 9.63 THz by optically pumping single-layer graphene, coupled to a circular split ring resonator (CSRR) array, with a 3.21 THz frequency quantum cascade laser (QCL). Combined with the high graphene nonlinearity, the mode confinement provided by the optically-pumped CSRR enhances the pump power density as well as that at the third harmonic, permitting harmonic generation. This approach enables potential access to a frequency range (6-12 THz) where compact sources remain difficult to obtain, owing to the Reststrahlenband of typical III-V semiconductors.

Non‐Hermitian Broadside Coupled Split Ring Resonators with Directional Sensitivity

AbstractDirectional radiofrequency (RF) sensing, also known as radio direction finding, is essential in various applications that involve localizing RF sources. However, existing RF sensing technologies face challenges due to their large antenna sizes and complex RF signal processing circuits, which hinder the realization of miniaturized subwavelength direction sensors. In this article, a non‐Hermitian broadside coupled split ring resonators (BC‐SRRs) are presented, which can identify the direction of an incident RF signal with angles ranging from 0° to 180°. The non‐Hermitian Hamiltonian of the system, which can be interpreted by the temporal coupled mode theory, gives rise to asymmetric resonant modes of the BC‐SRRs. The asymmetry allows the direct measurement of RF wave incident angle by probing the resonant strength of the two BC‐SRRs. For the proof of concept, a one‐stage Dickson voltage multiplier is employed to rectify the RF signals and demonstrate angle sensing ability by relating the rectified voltage to the incident angle. The results showcase the potential of the proposed technique using non‐Hermitian BC‐SRRs as a pathway toward subwavelength antenna‐based radio direction finding.

Dual-Notched UWB Orthogonal MIMO Antenna with Improved Gain Characteristics Using Frequency Selective Surfaces for Wireless Communication Applications

In this paper, a complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) loaded compact CPW-fed circular shaped monopole UWB antenna with dual band notch characteristics is designed on an FR-4 substrate. The propounded band-notched UWB antenna is integrated with two frequency selective surface layers referred as bandpass frequency selective surface (FSS-1) and reflector (FSS-2) to offer enhanced radiation performance. Bandpass FSS-1 enhances the gain of the antenna by improving directivity and reflector FSS-2 reflects back the backside radiation of the proposed antenna towards the forward direction thereby increasing gain and directivity of the proposed antenna. Furthermore, a two-element orthogonal MIMO antenna is proposed with improved gain using two FSS layers. The complete configuration of the proposed two-element MIMO antenna consists of CSRR-based radiating patches, monopole ground planes and two integrated FSS layers. The proposed MIMO antenna operates in UWB range from 3.46[Formula: see text]GHz to 16.02[Formula: see text]GHz with dual notches at 3.9[Formula: see text]GHz and 7.2[Formula: see text]GHz. Isolation between MIMO elements is greater than 23 dB. Both antennas are fabricated and investigated at 5.9[Formula: see text]GHz for vehicular communications. Maximum gain improvements of 8 dB and 6.4 dB are observed in case of the presented single element and MIMO antenna within the entire operating band due to the integration of dual FSS layers. The diversity performance of the suggested MIMO antenna is investigated by analyzing mean effective gain, envelope correlation coefficient, channel capacity loss and diversity gain parameters. The proposed MIMO antenna is a suitable candidate for vehicular and UWB wireless communication applications.

Development of CPW Fed Slot Antenna with CSRR for Biomedical Applications

This paper presents a complementary split-ring resonator (CSRR) loaded coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed with a circular shape, miniaturized diamond slot planar monopole antenna. The proposed antenna for healthcare monitoring biomedical applications uses the industrial medical and scientific band. The antenna design and development to implant the human phantom are proposed. The primary goal of this work is to continuously monitor the patient’s ability to detect abnormal conditions as soon as possible as a result of improvements in quality of life. In this case, an antenna design methodology must prioritize features such as miniaturization, increased gain and bandwidth, and biocompatibility. Simulated and measured antenna characteristics for biomedical applications are performed at ISM Band frequency.

Highly Sensitive Microwave Sensors Based on Open Complementary Square Split-Ring Resonator for Sensing Liquid Materials.

This paper presents high-sensitivity sensors based on an open complementary square split-ring resonator and a modified open complementary split-ring resonator operating at 4.5 GHz and 3.4 GHz, respectively. The sensors are designed for the detection of multiple liquid materials, including distilled water, methanol, and ethanol. The liquid under test is filled in a glass container loaded using a pipette. Compared to the conventional OCSSRR, the modified OCSSRR with multiple rings exhibits a higher frequency shift of 1200 MHz, 1270 MHz, and 1520 MHz for ethanol, methanol, and distilled water, respectively. The modified sensor also demonstrates a high sensitivity of 308 MHz/RIU for ethanol concentration which is the highest among the existing microwave sensors. The sensors in this manuscript are suitable for multiple liquid-material-sensing applications.

Dual-band dual-polarized sub-6 GHz phased array antenna with suppressed higher order modes

This manuscript proposes a dual-band dual-polarized 64-element phased array antenna (PAA) with suppressed higher order modes (HoMs). Each array element is a microstrip patch structure with complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) loading, allowing for simultaneous dual-band and dual-polarization performance at 3.45 GHz and 3.87 GHz. The proposed PAA exhibits impedance matching of ≤-20\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\le - 20$$\\end{document} dB at 3.45 GHz and 3.87 GHz while limiting the mutual coupling below -19\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$- 19$$\\end{document} dB between the adjacent elements at both the operating bands. The proposed design includes a plated through hole placed near the CSRR loading to suppress any higher-order modes (HOMs). Two antenna prototypes, without and with HOMs suppression techniques are fabricated and measured. In addition, we demonstrate the beam steering of the proposed PAA up to ±600\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\pm 60^0$$\\end{document} using an off-the-shelf 6-bit phase shifter module. The proposed 64 -element array achieves a gain of 23 dBi, and shows a minimal steering loss of ≃3\\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \\usepackage{amsmath} \\usepackage{wasysym} \\usepackage{amsfonts} \\usepackage{amssymb} \\usepackage{amsbsy} \\usepackage{mathrsfs} \\usepackage{upgreek} \\setlength{\\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \\begin{document}$$\\simeq 3$$\\end{document} dB over the steering angle.

Enhanced accuracy and high sensitivity in dielectric characterization through a compact and miniaturized metamaterial inspired microwave sensor

This academic paper introduces a novel sensor known as the Planar Microstrip-based Triple Ring Bridge Complementary Split Ring Resonator (TRB-CSRR) sensor. The main objective of this sensor is to determine the permittivity and thickness of solid dielectric substances. The TRB-CSRR sensor is meticulously designed to resonate precisely at a frequency of 4.86 GHz, achieving a significant notch depth of −33.5 dB. This configuration displays an enhanced average relative sensitivity of 20.2%. The study undertakes numerical assessments across various scenarios, encompassing situations where the sensor interacts with diverse dielectric materials. These assessments yield insights into alterations in resonant frequencies. By meticulously refining the design, the sensor's capability to confine electric fields precisely at the resonant frequency is amplified, ultimately resulting in heightened sensitivity towards dielectric characteristics. The sensor's efficacy is tested using materials featuring relative permittivity values spanning from 1.006 to 12.9, while consistently adhering to dimensions of 5 mm×5 mm×1.6 mm. To validate the conceptual frame-work, a physical sensor is fabricated, and its response is gauged through the utilization of a vector network analyzer (VNA-AV3672D). Employing curve fitting methodologies, alterations in resonance frequencies due to interactions with the tested materials are presented, underscoring the impact of permittivity and thickness. The outcomes derived from simulations, empirical measurements, and calculations display a robust alignment.

Toroidal metamaterial-assisted terahertz biosensor with high sensitivity

In this paper, a toroidal metamaterial for achieving highly sensitive sensors in the terahertz (THz) frequency range is proposed. Such a subwavelength structure consists of a pair of mirror-symmetric metal split-ring resonators and a single metal wire. By exciting the structure with vertically incident electromagnetic waves, high-Q transmission peaks are generated at 2.40 and 2.44[Formula: see text]THz. Near-field analysis reveals that the reverse-flowing currents in the metal split-ring resonators and the metal wire create a pair of magnetic dipoles connected end to end, resulting in a vortex-like magnetic field known as a toroidal dipole. Calculations of multipole scattering energy further confirm that the rapidly enhanced toroidal dipole is the primary factor responsible for the high-Q transmission peaks. This toroidal metamaterial can be used to design refractive index sensors with a sensitivity of up to 20[Formula: see text]GHz/RIU, enabling the detection of subtle changes in the surrounding environment’s parameters. Our strategy paves an alternative route to the development of highly sensitive sensors for biological and chemical molecules in the THz frequency range.

Terahertz Lattice enhanced Quasi-Anapole Immunosensor assisted by protein antibody and AuNPs

Terahertz (THz) metasurface immunosensor has the characteristics of label-free detection, good biocompatibility and high specificity because the antibody-modified of biomarkers has the ability to specifically recognize corresponding biomarkers and increase the detection sensitivity to the concentration of the recognized antigen. The limit of detection (LoD) of THz metasurface immunosensor is highly dependent on resonant field enhancement of metasurface. The anapole mode shows a radiationless state with nontrivial oscillating current configuration. To observe such mode in farfield, in this work, the concept of quasi-anapole (QA) mode is presented which is induced when the electric and toroidal dipoles with identical intensity radiate in antiphase on the metasurface with the unit cell of two split ring resonators (SRRs) on both sides of the central cut-wire. In addition, by coupling the first-order lattice mode to the QA mode, lattice-enhanced QA mode (LQA) was investigated and observed to further enhance field confinement and decrease radiative loss. As a practical application, immunosensor was designed and fabricated by functionalized gold nanoparticles conjugated with the specific monoclonal antibody onto the LQA metasurface to detect the cell concentration of SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. The experimental results indicate that the response of LQA immunosensor depends heavily on the concentration of the Anti-S modified on its surface. When the concentration of Anti-S is 50 pg/ml, the LoD reaches to 3 pg/ml (39 fmol). Such THz LQA immunosensor also shows good specific identification and validates its effectiveness in biomedical sensing.

Planar terahertz multi-resonator meta-waveguide based upon strongly coupled nested split-ring resonator

In this paper, we propose terahertz (THz) meta-waveguide geometry based on one-dimensional array of nested split-ring resonators (SRRs) comprising three split gaps. The meta-waveguide geometry consists of three layers of materials namely copper, dielectric and meta-molecules. The meta-molecules of aluminum with nested split gaps are placed periodically in one dimension along the wave propagation direction. The numerically obtained waveguide transmission spectrum shows the excitation of multiple resonances, resulting from three split gaps and a strong coupling between them. We found that the resonant frequencies of the guided modes can be tuned by varying the inter-split gaps separation which controls the coupling. The meta-waveguide geometry offers greater interaction of meta-molecules with the propagating terahertz radiation which can be sensitive to various applications. Further, the proposed design offers a flexibility in tuning resonant behavior owing to nested split gaps and coupling between them. We have examined the electric field distribution to confirm the multiple resonance excitations supported by the meta-waveguide geometry. We have also suggested a coupled harmonic oscillator model to interpret and analyze the numerically simulated waveguide transmission results. The study opens up new avenues for terahertz meta-waveguide based highly sensitive devices such as sensors, storage applications etc. where properties can be controlled via coupling within a resonator in a nested split gaps approach.

Broadband packaging solution in embedded wafer level ball grid array technology for D-band PMCW radar

Abstract A system-in-package for a wideband digital radar, in D-band, requires broadband, high-gain antennas combined with broadband chip-to-package and package-to-printed circuit board (PCB) interconnects. This paper demonstrates a wideband, low-loss quasi-coaxial signal transition, and a novel electric split ring resonator (eSRR)-based antenna-in-package (AiP) with a modified reflector concept, for improved gain, in embedded wafer level ball grid array (eWLB) technology. A complete chip-to-package-to-PCB interconnect is also demonstrated by combining the quasi-coaxial transition with a chip-to-package interconnect. The quasi-coaxial signal transition has the largest impedance bandwidth among ball grid array-based quasi-coaxial signal transitions. For the modified reflector concept, a horn-shaped cavity is micromachined in the PCB substrate and remetallized with aerosol-jet printing, placing the reflector 0.25λ from the antenna. The antenna gain is improved with up to 5.3 dB. The AiP with the horn-shaped reflector is the single element with the highest gain, in eWLB technology, above 100 GHz.

Two-Layer Inkjet-Printed Microwave Split-Ring Resonators for Detecting Analyte Binding to the Gold Surface.

This work focuses on demonstrating the working principle of inkjet-printed Au nanoparticle (NP) two-layer Gigahertz (2.6 GHz) microwave split-ring resonators (SRRs) as a novel platform for the detection of analytes on flexible substrates. In contrast to the standard fabrication of split-ring resonator biosensors using printed circuit board technology, which results in a seven-layer system, the resonators in this work were fabricated using a two-layer system. A ground plane is embedded in the SRR measurement setup. In this method, a microwave electromagnetic wave is coupled into the Au SRR via an inkjet-printed Cu-NP stripline that is photonically sintered. This coupling mechanism facilitates the detection of analytes by inducing resonance shifts in the SRR. In this study, the functionality of the printed sensors was demonstrated using two different Au functionalization processes, firstly, with HS-PEG7500-COOH, and, secondly, with protein G with an N-terminal cysteine residue. The sensing capabilities of the printed structures are shown by the attachment of biomolecules to the SRR and the measurement of the resulting resonance shift. The experiments show a clear shift of the resonance frequency in the range of 20-30 MHz for both approaches. These results demonstrate the functionality of the simplified printed two-layer microwave split-ring resonator for use as a biosensor.

Design and mathematical modeling of DNG metamaterial having six-band capabilities with high effective medium ratio

ABSTRACT In this paper, six-band double negative (DNG) metamaterial with a substantially high effective medium ratio (EMR) under the S and C microwave band is designed and investigated for multiple microwave applications. The proposed metamaterial unit cell consists of four Plus Appended Split Ring Resonator (PASRR) cells, which are combined with variable sides and positions by plus (+) shape stubs at the centre. All four Plus Appended Split Ring Resonator (PASRR) cells are mutually coupled with each other to vary the electrical length to achieve hexa Bands DNG characteristics in a lossy FR-4 epoxy substrate with the thickness of 1.5748 mm. A parameter extraction method has been used to extract effective permittivity (ε eff), permeability (μ eff) and refractive index (n). Moreover, the equivalent circuit model is obtained. Ansys HFSSTM software & Keysight ADSTM software are used to obtain the simulated and theoretical results, respectively, which agree measured with simulated and theoretical results.

Acoustic Whispering Gallery Modes in a Split Ring Resonator

In this work the Finite Element Method was used to numerically investigate the resonant frequencies for the acoustic Whispering Gallery Modes in a split ring type resonator. This is the case where a defect is considered in the ring resonator and the study was focused on how the resonant frequencies are affected by the presence of the defect in the ring. The findings of this study show that a kind of degeneration appears on the modes of the ring due to the insertion of the defect. The Acoustic Quality factors of the resonances were also calculated and were found to have high values proving a strong enhancement of the field. The strong enhancement of the field is also followed by the observation of intense localization of it into the defect. The results of our study show strong evidence that the proposed structure could be a very promising candidate for applications based on acoustic signals such as sensors and filters.

Broadband Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna With Customized Tilted Beam Based on Index-Modulated Folded Split Ring Resonator

Broadband Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna With Customized Tilted Beam Based on Index-Modulated Folded Split Ring Resonator

Dual circular complementary split ring resonator based metamaterial sensor with high sensitivity and quality factor for textile material detection

In this paper, a novel metamaterial sensor with excellent sensitivity and quality factor for microwave sensing applications is presented. The designed metamaterial sensor is assembled on a 1.575 mm thickness of low-cost dielectric substrate material (Rogers RT5880), and the copper is used as a resonator. Computer Simulation Technology version 2019 (CST-2019) software is employed to design and analyze the proposed metamaterial sensor. In addition, the Advanced Design System version 2016 (ADS 2016) software is used to validate the CST simulated model. Subsequently, the simulated results were validated using laboratory measurements. The optimized cell is small; its dimension is 10 × 10 mm2, and the obtained resonances are 3.85 and 6.85 GHz with notches of −26.29 and −40.03 dB, respectively. The textile material is detected by the resonance frequency change, and this frequency is dependent on the material’s permittivity values. To test the developed sensor’s sensing capabilities, three types of textiles—wool, fleece, and denim—are used. The effective medium ratio, sensitivity, and Q-factor of the structure are evaluated, and the obtained values are 8.96, 14.57%, and 345, respectively. The sensor for detecting textile materials works in the S and C bands. The resonances are shifted 530 MHz between the air and wool, 420 MHz between the air and fleece, and 640 MHz between the air and denim. The simulated outcomes and laboratory results almost matched. The projected sensor can be employed in the apparel sector to identify textile materials because it is small, inexpensive, has a high quality factor, and has high sensitivity.

Bi‐Layer Reflection‐Transmission Dual‐Mode Metasurface with Flexible Bandwidth Control

AbstractA general strategy for designing bi‐layer reflection‐transmission integrated dual‐mode metasurfaces is presented with flexible bandwidth control. The design of such metasurfaces is enlightened by introducing a cutting hole in the ground plane, which not only acts as a filter for reflection and transmission but also has an eloquent role for bandwidth control. For proof of concept, a bi‐layer metasurface consisting of split ring resonators (SRRs) is designed on the top side and I‐shaped resonators on both sides. The proper adjustment of ground cut/hole shifts the two co‐polarized resonances (initial resonances of the SRRs) close to each other, and in addition, converts wideband cross‐polarized reflection (in between the two initial co‐polarized resonances of SRR) to co‐polarized reflection. This results in a broadband response by shifting two co‐polarized resonances close to each other and converting cross‐polarized reflection into co‐polarized reflection. It is demonstrated that a simple SRR can be responsible for broadband (7.9–12 GHz) reflection while an I‐shaped structure is used for transmission with central frequency at 17.58 GHz with independent phase controls. To endorse the proposed strategy, a metasurface prototype is fabricated and tested for the generation of vortex beams and focusing.

Two split rings resonator-based perfect metamaterial absorbers with the incident and polarization angle independent for sensing applications

The perfect metamaterial absorber (PMA) optimized for high-performance absorbers to find the multiple sensing application. The structural composition of the PMA consists of two split ring resonators with six split gaps configured in an exhibit symmetry of rotation. The fundamental component of the design has three distinct layers: (1) the top and bottom layers, composed of a metallic substance with copper dielectric substrate with a thickness of 0.035 mm that exhibits lossy metal; (2) the middle layer, made of a lossy dielectric material referred to as Rogers RT5870 dielectric substrate with a thickness of 1.575 mm. The findings reveal that the absorber achieves a broad absorption spectrum, with simulated results from the CST Microwave Studio simulator indicating absorption peaks at 5.88, 9.20, and 15.88 GHz. whereas the strong absorbance is 99.91, 99.99, and 99.97 % with a good quality factor (Q) 29.40, 9.20, 13.23, respectively. The structural dimensions (7 × 7 mm2) are designed to deliver remarkable performance. The tri-band PMA exhibits polarization independent at various angles, including 0, 45, 90, 135, and 180° for both transverse magnetic (TM) and transverse electric (TE) modes. It has excellent absorption capabilities across multiple angles of incidence from 0 to 80°, including the whole operational spectrum. A comparative investigation of the circuit indicates the enhanced performance of the PMA, demonstrating its potential for exceptional functionality inside the advanced design system (ADS) software. Furthermore, the structures under consideration, which were simulated using the High-Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS), demonstrate a strong agreement with the highest level of absorption seen at each resonance peak in the CST simulation outcomes. This paper introduces an alternative protocol, expressed in terms of the TE and TM modes, for use with the restricted symmetric structure to find multiple sensing application. The proposed study highlights the exceptional properties of PMA provides several practical advantages, including its high absorption capacity, in multiple sensing application, insensitivity to incident and polarization angles, satellite technology, raw satellite feeds, and radars owing to these performance features.