Spiritual Sphere Research Articles

Влияние физической культуры на качество жизни

The aim of the article is to define the role physical culture plays in influencing the quality of life of a modern person and society in general. The phenomenon “quality of life” is analyzed as a combination of the three spheres: physiological, emotional, and spiritual ones. The potential of physical culture in each sphere is revealed. It is shown that the health-improving effect of physical culture is due to an increase in physical activity of a person, while its deficiency provokes a violation of the physiological functions of the body. It is noted that the most effective ways to maintain physical health are feasible physical activity and tempering. A wide range of the emotions experienced, and their intensity determines the influence of physical culture on the physiological sphere of life. The most significant emotional states in the formative relation are mentioned: excitement, enthusiasm, passion, sports anger, rivalry, aggressiveness, pride. The influence of physical culture on the spiritual sphere of human life is due to its value potential. The idea is expressed that the main way for physical culture to influence the spiritual sphere is to develop a value attitude to physical culture as a phenomenon and occupation. It is also noted that physical culture is one of the most powerful means of socialization of people of any age. The conclusion is drawn that to provide a complex impact on the quality of life physical culture is to become a way of life for the modern person. It will improve health indicators, will form active life position, and it will provide self-realization of a person.

<i />Political Struggle in the Spiritual Sphere According to Documents from the Collection of Archimandrite Photius (Spassky; 1792-1838)

<i />Political Struggle in the Spiritual Sphere According to Documents from the Collection of Archimandrite Photius (Spassky; 1792-1838)

ГУМАНІТАРНА КРИЗА У ЗОНАХ ЗБРОЙНИХ КОНФЛІКТІВ: НА ЩО СПОДІВАТИСЬ ЛЮДИНІ, «ЯКА НАДМІРУ СТРАЖДАЄ»

The title of the article includes the abstract of Albert Camus‘s sad reflections on the relevant for nowadays programmatic work‖ The plague‖ concerning the uselessness of mankind‘s multiple efforts to solve socalled «eternal problems»: disasters of lethal illnesses, social evil of dictatorships and wars. We attribute the problem of extreme sufferings in the times of warfare conflict to the list. It was not for nothing, as doctor Rieux stated, Camus did not answer the question about what a person who extremely suffers should expect and left the future generation to address the problem. Philosophy, according to the ancient authors, starts with reflections on sufferings, although the European tradition, as the French Researcher E. Roudinesco points out in her work «Philosophy in turbulent times» starts with rather late turning to hardships. That influenced to fact that the problem of armed conflicts humanization was mainly solved on the political and legal level along with Geneva conventions in 1949, while the texts of P. Kurtz‘s Humanitarian manifests did not refer to the state of humanitarian crises in warfare armed conflicts. The spreading of armed conflicts in nearly all parts of the world with no regard to pandemics and climate crises is causing more and more severe sufferings the thoughts of which an ordinary person hides in the «remote part» of their mind while mass media focus on battlefield actions and interesting events at negotiating tables. Armed conflicts are involving bigger and bigger percentage of civil people (over 90% now) including about 400 million children who suffer extremely from harassment of human nature unseen before. «We are not treated as humans», mentioned grievously a Tigrayan woman from Ethiopian region where an armed suppression of separatist movement is taking place. We believe that the pivotal issue of relieving inevitable sufferings must include cherishing humanity in individuals rather than material humanitarian assistance in spite of its importance and being measured in tons of food. It is also essential to focus on ideological, philosophical, and moral principles of humanitarian movements‘ activities, as well as on humanitarian techniques and examples of «Righteous among the Nations» characters in order to avoid transition from humanitarian crises to disasters. The concept of the suggested solution of the problem implies resorting to the necessity of adhering to fundamental policies of preventing the transition from humanitarian crises to disasters. They are moral and legal and ideological and not merely military and political which aim at regulation by official means. A humanitarian crisis involves a turning point in lives of all those people who are located in the armed conflict area with children, women and elderly being the least protected of all, when their lives are on the verge of physical and moral survival. A humanitarian disaster will lead to irreversible degree of suffering for tens of thousands or even millions of people. The directly involved in war are protected (if it is possible to say so) by the law of war, combat morality and are prepared for suffering as a whole. Unless people lost their humanity potential ant humane attitude to everyone, the term «adamiiat» introduced by the Arabic poet Saadi should be implemented in the material humanitarian and spiritual spheres.

МЕХАНИЗМЫ НЕЙТРАЛИЗАЦИИ ГИБРИДНЫХ УГРОЗ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ РОССИИ В РАМКАХ ИНВЕРСИВНОЙ ВЕКТОРНОЙ МОДЕЛИ

The article is devoted to the development of relevant mechanisms for neutralizing hybrid threats based on the author's inverse vector model. The purpose of the study is to demonstrate the possibilities of the vector approach in the development of relevant mechanisms for ensuring Russia's national security in the spiritual and socio-cultural spheres in the context of a hybrid war being waged against it. In preparing the article, the approaches and methods of political science were used. The article proposes the author's inverse vector model and the mechanisms based on it for neutralizing hybrid threats to Russia's national security. The proposed model takes into account the specifics of the hybrid confrontation between the collective West and Russia, the possibilities of a vector approach to the development of hybrid war problems, the limited resource base for full-scale countering hybrid threats in all areas known to specialists. The novelty of the research, the results of which are presented in this article, are the analysis of the applicability of the vector approach to the problem of hybrid war, the development of an inverse vector model and the determination of the possibility of its application to the development of effective mechanisms for countering hybrid threats, its verification, a number of practical recommendations regarding the functional content of the proposed mechanism for neutralization of threats in the spiritual and sociocultural sphere. The findings of the study can contribute to the development of an integrated strategic approach to ensuring Russia's national security in the context of a hybrid confrontation with the West.

ПОЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ МОДЕРНИЗАЦИЯ РОССИИ: К ИСТОРИИ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ПРОБЛЕМЫ

The article is devoted to the history of the Russian political modernization study by domestic authors. The relevance of the topic is due to the importance of political modernization for the development of Russian society and the need to systematize the results obtained in its research. The object of the research is concepts of political modernization of Russia in the works of Russian scientists 1990-2020. The subject of the research is the methodological foundations of the concepts of Russian political modernization that dominate in two time periods: 1990-2013 and 2014-2020. The purpose of the study is to identify the evolution of the dominant methodological approaches to the study of the political modernization of Russia in the works of domestic specialists in 1990-2020. The objectives of the study are the following: 1) to determine the methodological foundations of the Russian political modernization concepts that dominated in 1990-2013. 2) to analyze the distinctive features of the study of political modernization of Russia in 2014-2020 in the light of the local-civilizational approach. The author has used historical and comparative methodological approaches, hermeneutical method, methods of analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction and abstraction. As a result of a huge number of foreign and domestic studies of Russian political modernization, its general patterns and specifics were identified, a methodological analysis of the concepts of modernization, democratization and Westernization was presented, as well as the methodological features of the formational and civilizational approaches to its study were analyzed. The scientific novelty lies in the fact that two periods in the study of Russian political modernization by domestic scientists are identified: 1990-2013 and 2014-2021, and a comparative analysis of the methodological approaches that dominate in these two historical periods is carried out. The author’s contribution is represented by the following results. The first period (1990-2013) is characterized by the dominance of studies that use the formational method and the stadial-civilizational method. At the same time, the sphere of production is recognized as the basis of society, and the main task of political modernization is to ensure economic modernization. In the second period, research based on the concept of multiple moderns and the local-civilizational method prevails. On the basis of this method, scientists have made the subject of research the civilizational features of Russia, its spiritual and cultural sphere, abstracting from the general patterns of production development and political modernization

Structural analysis of consequences of corruption in the environmental sector in modern society

This article shows the dialectic influence of phenomenon of corruption on the social reality of modern society. The main approaches to assessing the consequences of corruption processes are considered. Through the prism of these approaches, a structural analysis of consequences of corruption in economic, political, social and spiritual spheres of society is carried out. Based on the philosophical principle of reflection, factors of social danger of corruption are identified, main manifestations of corruption affecting the formation of the image of social reality are described. The article provides a critical analysis of the revisionist approach. Its supporters believe that corruption can be viewed as a natural phenomenon that manifests itself in the transitional periods of development of society, with a change in the norms of its functioning and the lack of consensus, as well as a kind of mediator that unites the emerging privileged and excluded strata a changing society. The main function of corruption within this approach is to preserve the unity and maintain the integrity of socio-economic system in certain conditions, after which corruption should disappear. The laws of dialectics are manifested in this area of human interactions. Therefore, we can talk about the socially constructive function of studied social phenomenon. It is shown that the ratio of constructive and destructive consequences of corruption manifestations in various social systems and at different stages of their historical development varies.

The spiritual culture of the younger generation - the key to the development of society

Modern practice urgently requires a theoretical analysis of the younger generation spiritual culture formation problems, considering the realities of a modern, dynamically changing society. The research is relevant because today there is a contradiction between the demand for the spiritual potential of the younger generation by society and the real level of the spiritual culture of young people. The desire to find ways to resolve this contradiction determines the scientific problem of our research. In theoretical terms, this is the problem of substantiating the theoretical and methodological foundations of the younger generation spiritual culture development. In practical terms - the search for ways to optimize the processes of the formation of his spiritual culture in the modern period of the society development. One cannot speak about spirituality and morality as a mass social phenomenon regardless of specific conditions that can either hinder or contribute to the broad assertion of their principles. Today our society is going through a difficult period of its development, where crisis phenomena have covered all spheres of life and activities of people. The characteristic features of these phenomena in the spiritual sphere of society are a drop in the proportion of moral values, a decrease in spiritual principles in people’s lives. In educational work, operating with general categories of social order, we often leave on the background, and sometimes we simply forget, such fundamental concepts for a person as the fulfillment of one’s moral duty, conscience, honor, honesty, decency, mercy, dignity, nobility, goodness.

ТАТАРЫ В БАШКОРТОСТАНЕ: ИТОГИ ФОКУС-ГРУППОВОГО ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ СТУДЕНТОВ ВУЗА

Tatars – self-name «Tatars» – a community consisting of groups of Turkic and Finno-Ugric ethnic groups living in the territory and resettled. According to Tatar researchers, their ethnic community mastered this territory much earlier than the titular population. Most Tatars of Bashkortostan are Sunni Muslims. According to the official census of 2002, the Tatar population in Bashkortostan is 990,702 people, or 24.1%. Bashkortostan remains a multinational republic, the Tatar population makes its significant contribution and plays an important role in the socio-economic, political and spiritual spheres of society. Tatar youth living on this earth develops in a traditional multicultural environment, borrowing tolerant interethnicpatterns of behavior and preserving their cultural identity. The article provides an analysis of the life plans of Tatar students. Tatars play an important role in the social structure of the youth society of Bashkortostan. Traditional values of Tatar students are formed under the influence of a multinational environment. Tatar youth is an active subject of social reproduction and dynamic inter-ethnic relations. Analysis of life plans chosen by Tatar youth in a dynamically changing multicultural space (given the regional specifics) allows to plan mobility, innovative trends or control the deviant processes taking place in the youth society. The work presents the results of recent comprehensive studies (2019) conducted among students of the supporting university of RB, aimed at identifying the ethnic haracteristics and perception of Tatar students compared to Bashkir and Russian students. The results provided an opportunity to form perceptions of the self-identification of the national characteristics of regional Tatar youth; Identify common strategies for self-fulfillment of representatives of the socio-ethnic community in question; Analyze postgraduate plans in vital areas of activity; to compare the structure of values of Tatar, Russian, Bashkir youth in the face of modern challenges. The author draws conclusions about the tendency of Tatar students to preserve the traditional guidelines governing inter-ethnic relations in the Republic of Bashkortostan: the life attitudes of Tatar students are based on the national mentality, adequately reflect the features of intergenerational, intergender, inter-ethnic relations in Russian society. Tatar students are fulfilling their historical and cultural mission. Students of the oil university plan to get an appropriate education, work in the profession, open a business, create material well-being and wealth, take care of their health, parents, create their families with children and actively relax.

Human factor in emergency occurrence at NPP during the pandemic COVID-19: new potential risks and recommendations to minimize them

COVID-19 pandemic is an emergency that spread across the planet. It threatens lives and health of the population, with many dead and injured. Also, during pandemic there was (and continues to be) a violation of normal living conditions, significant material damage to economies of different countries. Quarantine restrictions affected social, educational, cultural and spiritual spheres of society. There is an urgent threat to operation of critical infrastructure as the pandemic led to large numbers of hospitalized or self-isolated people and being treated at home. At present, the operation of critical infrastructure, and in particular nuclear power plants, is strategically important for the proper functioning of any country. Also, the research describes causes of emergencies at nuclear power plants and identifies another factor - the mass disease of NPP personnel or their relatives on COVID-19. It is determined that timely detection and appropriate work to restore mental health during the pandemic is no less important area of work along with providing medical care to population. Stress associated with uncertainty, threat to health, can have negative consequences for well-being and mental health of workers. Depression, emotional exhaustion, anxiety, irritability, suicidal thoughts, etc. can also be consequences. Socio-psychological support especially for critical infrastructure workers is important to promote mental health during COVID-19 pandemic. Recommendations for socio-psychological support of NPP personnel were developed. Specialized mobile applications are described as convenient and economical way for primary psychological care.

Interpretation of law as a problem of legal hermeneutics: some questions of theory

The article considers the issue of interpretation of law in the context of the methodology of legal hermeneutics. The key concept of hermeneutics is the concept of understanding. The modern category of understanding is not a way for a person to know the world, but a way of being in the world and has an ontological (rather than psychological, epistemological or logical) character, ahead of any human activity as a prediction (preconception). If hermeneutics is a reconstruction of objectified semantic intentions, then legal hermeneutics is a search in human existence, society for the above values of law and their further formalization in written law. Thus, the interpretation of law in a broad sense is the finding in the material and / or spiritual spheres of its own values and the further implementation of the found in real social relations through the appropriate procedures of lawmaking and law enforcement. Such values as good and justice are in particular such value bases. And it is the observance of the latter in the lawmaking process that will allow the legislator with a high degree of probability to identify the normative legal acts adopted by him as those based on legal principles. In this regard, we must agree that the non-classical theory of cognition, in which thinking is considered, above all, as a process of creating meaning or understanding, which occurs in the unity of different types of cognition – sensory, intuitive and rational, more adequate to the nature of intellectual activity. in the course of understanding the law, which has a pronounced practical component. In addition to the interpretation of law as an objective phenomenon, which is not yet mediated by positive legislation,the subject field of research is also the rules of law, which have already undergone such a transformation. The need for interpretation of legal requirements is due to the possibility of unequal understanding of legal norms and their inadequate implementation in the process of law enforcement. This direction of interpretation in science is better known. Thus, most scholars distinguish between linguistic (linguistic), logical, historical, systemic, teleological ways of interpreting the rules of law. It is noted that the teleological method of interpretation of law corresponds to the hermeneutic method of interpretation. The opinion is shared that at the present stage of development there is a of formation of a new direction of legal science with a tendency to formation of a new integrative concept of hermeneutic legal understanding. This type of legal understanding is obliged to give a holistic view of law, overcoming the limitations of sociological, historical, legal and other approaches to it. Keywords: Interpretation of law, legal hermeneutics, ontological status of law, ontological status of legal hermeneutics.

Можем ли мы надеяться на прогресс в понимании «прогресса»?

The article discusses the question raised by A.L. Nikiforov about the meaning and significance of scientific progress. It is shown that scientific progress, in ac­cordance with the original meaning embedded in this concept, should be consid­ered in the context of the universal development of the human reason, which covers not only the cognitive assimilation of the natural world, but also the con­struction of a harmonious society, and the improvement of man as such. Based on this, it is problematic to talk about autonomous scientific progress that does not affect the spiritual sphere. It is shown that changes in the understanding of progress refer not only to scientific or social progress, but to the whole com­plex of beliefs associated with the idea of the world development. The author traces the historical transformation of the three key concepts underlying the dis­course of progress, which the researcher of the metaphysics of progress Alain de Benoist identifies as the most stable. First, the idea of linear progress, based on the mechanistic ontology and reductionism, is replaced by the concept of so­cial evolution, based on the interaction of organic systems and subsystems. Sec­ondly, the idea of the fundamental unity of humanity and a single science gives way to an irreducible multiplicity of cultures and metaphysics. Third, the idea of a controlled transformation of the world is replaced by the concept of uncer­tainty. The author traces the transformation of the idea of progress into the idea of the complication of the world. A characteristic feature of the discourse of complication is that it speaks of a distributed agent of the world process, thereby relieving man of exclusive responsibility for the course of history. The author defends the point of view that changes in the understanding of progress are an expression of increasing conceptual and ontological complexity.

Experiencia del cuidador entrenado en diálisis peritoneal durante la hospitalización del enfermo renal crónico

Introducción: El cuidador entrenado en diálisis peritoneal del paciente con enfermedad renal crónica debe afrontar los retos del cuidado del paciente, además de lo que implica la realización de la técnica de la terapia dialítica. Objetivo: Analizar la experiencia del cuidador entrenado en diálisis peritoneal durante la hospitalización del enfermo renal crónico. Material y Método: El abordaje fue cualitativo fenomenológico. Se realizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a 10 cuidadores entrenados de familiares que estuvieron hospitalizados en una institución de salud pertenecientes a la unidad renal. Para el análisis e interpretación de los datos, se utilizó programa ATLAS.ti, el cual permitió codificar, crear categorías y subcategorías. Resultados: De los cuidadores entrenados en diálisis peritoneal, 9 fueron mujeres y 1 hombre, 6 en modalidad de diálisis peritoneal continua ambulatoria 4 en diálisis peritoneal automatizada, 5 ingresaron en el servicio de hospitalización por causa infecciosa y 5 por complicaciones propias de la patología. Se codifico obteniéndose 527 citaciones de los diferentes códigos, resultando 2 categorías y 6 subcategorías, las cuales fueron: desgaste emocional, desgaste físico, desgaste psicológico, fortaleza espiritual, ausencia de la calidad de los servicios y desarrollo del cuidado. Conclusiones: La experiencia del cuidador entrenado en Diálisis Peritoneal, durante la hospitalización de la enfermedad renal crónica, es que asume una sobrecarga que afecta la salud en los componentes físico, psicológico y emocional, compensándose casi siempre con lo espiritual. Destaca la habilidad del cuidador entrenado en el periodo de la hospitalización y la falta de especialización del equipo de salud.

HRIHORII LEVCHENKO’S PEDAGOGICAL VIEWS ON THE FUTURE TEACHERS OF MUSIC EDUCATION

The paper summarizes pedagogical views on the education of future music teachers by Hryhorii Semenovych Levchenko, who is an Honored Artist of Ukraine, Professor, Head of the Department of Music of Poltava V.G. Korolenko National Pedagogical University, a choral conductor, a composer, a folklorist. It is determined that H. Levchenko’s pedagogical views on the education of future teachers are characterized not only by the training of highly qualified narrow-profile specialists but also by the education of a wide range of universal values and qualities. It is proved that the leading place in the teacher and artist’s pedagogical concept belongs to the national-patriotic education of students, which involves the development of national consciousness and self-identification, love for the Motherland, readiness to fulfill a civic duty to protect national interests, integrity, independence of Ukraine and love to national art, its customs, traditions, and culture. It was found that the teacher emphasized the need to form a moral and spiritual sphere of personality, which is based on universal values; took care of the development of artistic and aesthetic feelings, tastes, judgments, abilities of the individual and the ability to resist the aggression of pseudo-art; stressed the importance of labor education of future professionals, which is aimed at the formation of discipline, diligence, determination, endurance, responsibility for the common cause, the ability to work in a team. It is determined that a powerful source of education of the future teacher of music art (more broadly - the future teacher) is a folk song, artistic and practical activities in artistic and creative groups, and the example of the teacher (mentor).

“Achieve the best while rushing against time”: A grounded theory study on caring for low-income immigrant cancer patients at end of life

Background: Between 2000 and 2020, Europe experienced an annual net arrival of approximately 1.6 million immigrants per year. While having lower mortality rates, in the setting of severe diseases, immigrants bear a greater cancer-related burden due to linguistic and cultural barriers and socio-economic conditions. Professionals face a two-fold task: managing clinical conditions while considering the social, economic, cultural, and spiritual sphere of patients and their families. In this regard, little is known about the care provision to low-income immigrant cancer patients in real contexts. Aim: To investigate the perspective of professionals, family members, and stakeholders on the caring process of low-income immigrant cancer patients at the end of life. Design: A Constructivist Grounded Theory study. Setting/participants: The study, conducted at a Hospital in Northern Italy, involved 27 participants among health professionals, family caregivers, and other stakeholders who had recently accompanied immigrant cancer patients in their terminal phase of illness. Results: Findings evidenced that professionals feel they were not adequately trained to cope with immigrant cancer patients, nonetheless, they were highly committed in providing the best care they could, rushing against the (short) time the patients have left. Analyses evidenced four main categories: “providing and receiving hospitality,” “understanding each other,” “addressing diversity,” and “around the patient,” which we conceptualized under the core category “Achieve the best while rushing against time.” Conclusions: The model reveals the activation of empathic and compassionate behavior by professionals. It evidences the need for empowering professionals with cultural competencies by employing interpreters and specific training programs.

Analyzing the professional activity meanings of organizations’ heads

Radical changes in political, economic and spiritual spheres entail changes in valued orientations and people’s professional behavior. Priorities that previously seemed immutable are replaced by different ones determining today 's reality. Personal meanings determine peculiarities of people 's behavior and relations with reality. The latter circumstance is essential for analyzing personal meanings of organizations’ heads as a social phenomenon in the transforming Russian reality. The appeal to reasoning is also due to the fact that job satisfaction is not limited to economic benefits. Purpose of work: analysis of sense in the labor activity of heads of organizations. Research methods: psychodiagnostic methods: M. Rokich's "value orientation" method, E. Shein's "Career Anchor" method. Strong and weak positions of possibility of realization of the management concept on the basis of senses are revealed.

Features of psychological adaptation and compensatory mechanisms in patients with severe chronic diseases

The aimof the study was self-regulation of behavior and other psychological aspects of adaptive-compensatory mechanisms in patients with schizophrenia and myasthenia, in comparison with a group of healthy subjects.Materials and methods.The study involved 91 people: patients with schizophrenia (N=30); patients with moderate and severe myasthenia gravis (N=31); comparison group — conditionally healthy people (N=30). The participants were examined by experimental psychological methods: «The style of self-regulation of behavior», «Test of life-meaning orientations», «Semantic time differential».Results.Differences in the general level of self-regulation of behavior and its particular aspects in patients with schizophrenia and healthy were revealed, patients with myasthenia gravis don’t show differences from patients with schizophrenia and the control group. In terms of the general meaningfulness of life, patients with schizophrenia differ from healthy ones, while they don’t differ from those suffering from myasthenia gravis, which don’t have differences with the comparison group. In external internality, chronically ill patients don’t reveal differences, but differ from healthy ones. In the psychological perception of the present, patients with schizophrenia and myasthenia differ from healthy ones in assessing its activity and size. Patients with schizophrenia reveal differences with healthy ones in its emotional coloration and structure, not differing from those suffering from myasthenia gravis, which don’t show differences with the control group. Patients with schizophrenia differ from healthy patients in the sensibility of the future, but don’t differ from patients with myasthenia gravis who don’t reveal differences with healthy individuals.Conclusions.The targets of psychocorrectional effects are indicated. For patients with schizophrenia — the development of skills for differentiation and impulse control, behavioral flexibility and correlation of results with the original goals. For patients with myasthenia gravis — reliance on available classes in the cognitive and spiritual spheres that compensate for the appearance of physical limitations. Common to both nosologies are measures that increase the meaningfulness of life, highlighting the spheres of influence on the disease, rational acceptance of responsibility for what is happening. The skills to enjoy everyday activities are important.

Byzantine court culture in the political and spiritual dimension

The purpose of the article is to identify the characteristic specifics of the court culture of Byzantium and its correlation with the court culture of England in the first half of the XVII century. The research methodology assumes the unity of such methodological approaches as the system-historical and the analytical method. Systemic-historical and analytical methods make it possible to identify the court’s cultural traditions of Byzantium in the context of the political and spiritual sphere. The scientific novelty lies in the comparison of the Byzantine court culture with the court culture of England in the first half of the XVIIth century. Conclusions. Byzantine culture was a fusion of ancient Greek (Hellenistic), Roman, and distinctive Byzantine-Orthodox traditions. The duality of the cultural and spiritual sphere of the Byzantine Empire was expressed in the unity of opposites and the close interaction of the material and spiritual. In Byzantium, Orthodoxy was the cementing foundation. The court culture of Byzantium is a highly centralized hierarchical system. The Byzantine tradition of laudatory odes and musical and theatrical performances timed to coincide with the holidays of the Nativity of Christ and the Epiphany of Christ, can be correlated with the traditions of the court culture of England in the first half of the XVIIth century, where the glorification of the monarch and court entertainments of the Masque, as a spiritual and political unit, formed the fundamental basis of court culture in England.

Mistyka i prymat miłości

Love embraces humans completely – their emotions, feelings, cognitive processing, comprehension, intellect, will, acting, and also the spiritual sphere. However, Christian mystique means the immersion of a human in the divine love, not the concentration on the self and self-religiousness. The article describes the contemporary research question based on Christian spirituality in order to present the process of spiritual growing, where love makes the core both in the initial phase of human development and in the climax of the union with God. Starting from the general influence of the mystique into spiritual development, the Author leads readers towards the truth of love which is God.

Vliyanie «kul'turnoj revolyucii» (1966— 1976) v Kitae na razvitie politicheskoj, social'no-­ ekonomicheskoj i duhovnoj sfer obshchestvennoj zhizni strany

The article is devoted to the analysis of the influence of the “cultural revolution” carried out in the People’s Republic of China in 1966-1976 The article comprehends the reasons for the “cultural revolution”, studies the nature of the relationship between the leader of the country and his entourage, examines the change in the position of Mao Zedong in the PRC and abroad, as well as the transformation of the Chinese economic system and the spiritual sphere in the period chosen for study.

PEDAGOGICAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR INTRODUCING MODERN YOUTH TO FAMILY VALUES

At present, the theory of values is undergoing its revival due to the new social, scientific and technical realities of reality, since the categories of peace, human life, and livelihood are beginning to play an increasing role in the content of the world perception, worldview of new generations. The hierarchy of values, as well as the place of family values in it, reflect the characteristics of time, living conditions and form the basis of a person's relationship with himself, with others, with the world as a whole. In the context of this issue, we are considering a set of measures aimed at introducing modern youth to fundamental family values, which can play a significant role in shaping their mental and physical health, as well as supporting the creation of their own family. Relevance is due to the fundamentality of the family question, its role is inscribed in many spheres of life, and is affected in the sciences related to psychology, such as sociology, psychology, pedagogy and philosophy. An example of this is that in many fields of related sciences, one way or another, the topic of the institution of the family, and family values as such, is touched upon. Family values are part of the healthy functioning of society. Family education gives us certain qualities that we use in adulthood, which significantly affects the whole life of society. Attention is drawn to the importance of the institution of the family for society, its connection with other spheres of life, such as work, circle of communication, self-realization, and others. The main emphasis in the designation of importance was on the social and spiritual spheres.