Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory Research Articles

The Influence of Spiritual and Emotional Intelligence on Adult Well-Being

The aim of the research was to decide the role of spiritual intelligence and emotional intelligence in the well-being of adults. The population of this study consisted of 90, adults from Christian, Hindu, Muslim religion and urban Kerala were selected as the sample by purposive random sampling method. The tools used for the reearch was Spiritual Intelligence self-Report Inventory (2009), Mangal Emotional Intelligence Inventory(2001), Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scales (1989) and Kuppuswamy’s socioeconomic status scale -revision for 2015. For the data analysis correlation, regression and ANOVA were used. SPSS was used for data analysis. The result of this study points out that there is a positive relationship with spiritual intelligence, emotional intelligence and well-being of an adult. A linear regression established that spiritual intelligence and emotional intelligence could statistically significantly predict well- being. The result is pointing out that there is statistically no significant difference in spiritual intelligence between the different religions and socio- economic status, also no significant difference in emotional intelligence and well- being in different socio- economic status but statistically significant difference in emotional intelligence and well- being between the different religions.

Relationship Between Spiritual Intelligence and Ethical Decision Making in Iranian Nurses

Background: Nurses, on a daily basis, face ethical dilemmas that arise from situations involving conflicting values or beliefs. Overall, ethical decision making of nurses seems to be a challenging aspect of their duties. This study has examined the relationship between spiritual intelligence and ethical decision making in nurses working in hospitals in Iran. Proportional stratified sampling was used in this study. Data were collected from 376 nurses who completed the Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI) and Nursing Dilemma Test. Statistical analyses were done using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlations. Findings: The mean spiritual intelligence score was 49.5 ± 14.6, and mean ± SD of the Nursing Principled Thinking was 52.8 ± 12.1 and Practical Consideration was 28.16 ± 7.6. The mean score in the postconventional level was higher than the two other levels. Significant negative correlations exist between the preconventional component of the Nursing Dilemma Test and Personal Meaning Production and the Critical Existential Thinking components of the SISRI ( p < .05). There were significant positive correlations between the postconventional (Nursing Principled) and Critical Existential Thinking, Personal Meaning Production, and total score of the SISRI. Conclusion: Hence, we have concluded that spiritual intelligence plays a positive role in the ethical decision making of nurses.

Relationship between Mindfulness and Spiritual Intelligence among Bank Employees

Although the components of mindfulness and spiritual intelligence may converge conceptually, few empirical researches have been conducted quantifying the relationship between these two constructs. This study aimed to find out the extent of association between mindfulness and spiritual intelligence among bank employees. It was hypothesized that the relationship between mindfulness and spiritual intelligence will be positive. The sample consisted of 120 bank employees working at a managerial position in various branches of State Bank of India, from the city of Lucknow and nearby districts (India). The minimum job experience of the participants was sixteen years,. Mindfulness was measured using the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale developed by Brown and Ryan (2003). The level of spiritual intelligence was assessed using the Spiritual Intelligence Self Report Inventory developed by King and Disico (2009). The data thus collected was analyzed using the Pearson product moment correlation analysis. Results revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between mindfulness and spiritual intelligence (r=0.28) (p value 0.01). Correlation analysis between mindfulness and the four sub scales of spiritual intelligence namely critical existential thinking, personal meaning production, conscious state expansion and transcendental awareness all revealed a low to moderately positive statistically significant relation. Thus, as the level of mindfulness increased, the levels of spiritual intelligence also increased and as the levels of mindfulness decreased, the level of spiritual intelligence also decreased. Future researches in this domain can attempt to find out the effect of mindfulness based intervention in enhancing individual's level of spiritual intelligence.

Secret wisdom

Current models of spiritual development suggest that adolescents have limited capacity for spirituality and spiritual experiences. Adolescents are seen to have immature moral and ethical judgment and be incapable of deep spiritual experience due to lack of cognitive development. This mixed-methods study explored the existence of spiritual intelligence in adolescents using surveys to measure spiritual intelligence and spirituality: the spiritual intelligence self-report inventory (SISRI), the integrated spiritual intelligence scale (ISIS), and the intrinsic spirituality scale (ISS). High scorers were found on every survey, and all surveys were positively correlated. Top scorers were interviewed concerning their lived experience of spirituality. Thematic analysis revealed eight major categories: definition of spirituality, definition of God, importance of family, ways of connecting to the divine, spiritual experiences, role models, spiritual values, and skepticism of spirituality. Some adolescents display high levels of spiritual intelligence, which manifests as having spiritual values (e.g. altruism, compassion, openness), spiritual experiences, and practices to connect to the divine.

Spiritual Intelligence of Pre-Service Students: Insights for Responsive Innovative Teachers and Transformative Education Leaders

The research, anchored on cognition, aimed to find out spiritual intelligence among third year students of the Philippine Normal University, Manila (A.Y. 2014-2015). Specifically, the study sought to look into the following: (1) Determine the spiritual intelligence in the following aspects: faculty, majorship, and sex; and (2) Interpret the spiritual intelligence of the participants in the following domains: Critical Existential Thinking, Personal Meaning Production, Transcendental Awareness, and Conscious State Expansion. The research employed the descriptive-comparative design to determine the spiritual intelligence with regards to faculty, majorship and sex of the students. The respondents were selected through purposive convenience sampling in stratifying the profile of the students into faculty, majorship, sex, section and year level. A random sampling technique was utilized in identifying the participants. The Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI) by King (2008) provided a useful starting point for the measurement of spiritual intelligence. Results revealed that the Philippine Normal University (PNU) students had spiritual intelligence interpreted as qualitatively high. The Faculty of Behavioral and Social Science (FBESS) had the highest mean scores with the BSE History students scoring the highest. Results also showed that the female students were better than their male counterparts. The Subscales (Critical Existential Thinking - CET, Personal Meaning Production - PMP, Transcendental Awareness - TA, and Consciousness State Expansion - CSE) were all high on spiritual intelligence. Most of the other majorships in this subscale had a very high PMP. Significantly, the PMP subscale had no occurrence of low mean scores.

Application of the Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI-24) Among Hong Kong University Students

The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI-24). Two hundred thirteen undergraduate students in Hong Kong completed the Chinese SISRI-24, the Meaning of Life Questionnaire, the Metapersonal Self-Construal Scale, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale to allow examination of internal reliability and construct validity. Confirmatory factor analysis was also performed to examine whether the model of King and DeCicco (2009) fit our data. Our results indicated that the full scale of the Chinese SISRI-24 and its four subscales had acceptable internal reliability. The results also showed a positive relationship between spiritual intelligence and metapersonal self-construal. However, no significant relationship was reported between spiritual intelligence and life satisfaction. As such, construct validity was low to moderate. This study can be considered a foundation for understanding and measuring spiritual intelligence among undergraduate students in Hong Kong. Future research directions are suggested.

Establishing Linkages between Intelligence, Emotional and Spiritual Quotient on Employees Performance in Government Sector of Pakistan

This paper aims to investigate the effect of IQ (intelligence quotient) EQ (emotional quotient) and SQ (spiritual quotient) on employee performance in government sector of Pakistan This study adopted Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI) by D. King., Emotional quotient scale by Reuven Bar-On, Intelligent quotient factor analysis by Adrian Furnham, Religion Personality Index (MRPI) by Azimi Hamzah and Measurements of performance by Sarmiento, Beale & Knowles (2007). The data was collected from ministry, administration and directorates of Pakistan. The study administered and received all the 347 completed set of questionnaires (259 employees of grade 1-13, 72 employees of grade 14-18 and 16 employees of grade 19- 22). SEM result of IQ, EQ and SQ shows that they have the significant and positive correlation with the performance of employees. SQ improves performance if the trainings regarding it are provided. Functions of Religion as a moderator in employee job performance. This research has extended knowledge in the workplace with SQ confirm that SQ is more important than the EQ and IQ in influencing the employee performance. The empirical findings of the study shows that organizations may formulate strategies and policies to improve performance of employees by encouraging and allowing the activities of spiritual quotient in the workplace, regardless of religion and spiritual beliefs, and thus facilitate the mutual understanding and respect. This is the only study that measured the impact of IQ, EQ and SQ on employee’s performance with religion as a moderator. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n6s2p553

Spiritual Intelligence and English Language Learning at a Specific Grade in Secondary Education

This study aimed to explore the relationship between spiritual intelligence and language achievement. To this end, the Persian Spiritual Intelligence Self Report Inventory (SISRI) designed by King (2008) and translated into Persian and validated by Khodadady and Moosavi (2014) was administered to three hundred forty four grade three senior highs school (G3SHS) students in Mashhad, Iran. The students' scores on Grade Three Final English Examination (G3FEE) held nationally by the ministry of education were also employed as indices of their English achievement. The correlation between SISRI and G3FEE did not reveal any significant relationship between spiritual intelligence and English achievement. Three out of seven factors underlying the SISRI, i.e., Transcending, Meta-conscious and Visionary, did, however, correlate significantly with the G3FEE. The results are discussed from empirical and theoretical perspectives and suggestions are made for future research.

The Role of Spiritual Intelligence in Prediction of Pain Perception in Cancer Patients

This study examined the predictive role of spiritual intelligence in predicting the perception of pain in cancer patients. This study has fundamental objective and is implemented correlation and regression methods. Statistical population are consisting of cancer patients that referred to Tehran hospitals in 2013. The sample study was 100 patients. This means among patients that referred to medical centres in Tehran, patients were selected. For data collection we used Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI) and The McGill Pain Questionnaire. Data analysed by descriptive and regression test. Results showed that spiritual intelligence has significant influence on the perception of pain in cancer patients. People with spiritual beliefs are constantly in touch with the sense of his life experiences, including spiritual and divine intervention, and the events of life and human thought and behavior change interventions can be useful and how to deal with the impact of adverse events.

A social work study on the effect of spiritual intelligence and psychological capital on sense of vitality

Article history: Received January 20, 2013 Received in revised format 2 May 2013 Accepted 20 May 2013 Available online May 23 2013 This paper performs a social work study on the effect of spiritual intelligence and psychological capital on sense of vitality among elementary school teachers in two regions of city of Esfahan, Iran. The proposed study uses three standard questionnaires of psychological capital questionnaire (PCQ), Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI-24) and sense of vitality and distributes them among 263 teachers selected, randomly. The results of the survey have been analyzed using Pearson correlation as well as stepwise regression techniques. The results of the Pearson correlation tests have shown that the components of psychological capital questionnaire and spiritual intelligence have meaningful relationship with sense of vitality (P<0.01). The survey have also confirmed that psychological capital and spiritual intelligence have meaningful effects on teachers’ personal characteristics.

The Relationship between Spiritual Intelligence and Vocabulary Learning Strategies in EFL Learners

Spiritual intelligent or spiritual quotient refers to people's capacity to express, manifest, and represent spiritual resources, values, and properties to improve every day performance. Vocabulary learning strategies relates to any group of procedures which language learners apply to find the meaning of a new word, to keep in mind the knowledge of newly-learned word, and to develop one's vocabulary .This paper investigates the relationship between EFL learners’ spiritual intelligence (SI) and their use of vocabulary learning strategies. The aim of the study was to determine how these two constructs correlate with each other. To this end, 120 EFL students from Public University of Shiraz and Islamic Azad University of Shiraz took part in vocabulary learning strategy questionnaire (Schmitt's, 2001) and the Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (King, 2008) questionnaires. The obtained results indicated a statistically significant relationship between SI and vocabulary learning strategies. The results of multiple regressions showed that there was a significant correlation between all SI subscales and metacognitive strategies and social strategies. The results also showed that males with their higher scores in vocabulary learning strategies usage and are significantly superior to females. Also females are superior to males and they have higher spiritual intelligence scores.