Establishing Linkages between Intelligence, Emotional and Spiritual Quotient on Employees Performance in Government Sector of Pakistan

Zain Rafique,Arshad Mahmood,Adeel Ahmed,Sohail Akhtar,Mohd Anuar Arshad

doi:10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n6s2p553

Abstract

This paper aims to investigate the effect of IQ (intelligence quotient) EQ (emotional quotient) and SQ (spiritual quotient) on employee performance in government sector of Pakistan This study adopted Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI) by D. King., Emotional quotient scale by Reuven Bar-On, Intelligent quotient factor analysis by Adrian Furnham, Religion Personality Index (MRPI) by Azimi Hamzah and Measurements of performance by Sarmiento, Beale & Knowles (2007). The data was collected from ministry, administration and directorates of Pakistan. The study administered and received all the 347 completed set of questionnaires (259 employees of grade 1-13, 72 employees of grade 14-18 and 16 employees of grade 19- 22). SEM result of IQ, EQ and SQ shows that they have the significant and positive correlation with the performance of employees. SQ improves performance if the trainings regarding it are provided. Functions of Religion as a moderator in employee job performance. This research has extended knowledge in the workplace with SQ confirm that SQ is more important than the EQ and IQ in influencing the employee performance. The empirical findings of the study shows that organizations may formulate strategies and policies to improve performance of employees by encouraging and allowing the activities of spiritual quotient in the workplace, regardless of religion and spiritual beliefs, and thus facilitate the mutual understanding and respect. This is the only study that measured the impact of IQ, EQ and SQ on employee’s performance with religion as a moderator. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n6s2p553

Highlights

1.1 Background of the studyIt is generally noted that people spend most of their time at work place and in work-related social and leisure activities to compartmentalize their lives into the domains such as work types, family and religion (Osman et al, 2013, Klerk, 2005)
A number of organizations provide humanistic environment to its employees as it is in the benefit of both the employees and the employers but they have not yet succeeded due to the paucity of available guidance and dearth of literature about Intelligence Quotient, Emotional Quotient and Spiritual Quotient
The purpose of the study was to examine the influence of IQ, Emotional quotient scale (EQs) and SQ on employee’s performance in organization

Summary

Introduction

1.1 Background of the studyIt is generally noted that people spend most of their time at work place and in work-related social and leisure activities to compartmentalize their lives into the domains such as work types, family and religion (Osman et al, 2013, Klerk, 2005). A number of organizations provide humanistic environment to its employees as it is in the benefit of both the employees and the employers but they have not yet succeeded due to the paucity of available guidance and dearth of literature about Intelligence Quotient, Emotional Quotient and Spiritual Quotient (hereafter, IQ, EQ and SQ). There exists a research gap linking IQ, EQ and SQ on employee performance in developing countries like Pakistan as there is no single study available in this context (Asrar-ul-Haq, 2014). Scholars such as Osman (2013) and King (2010) agree that this area lacks empirical research

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion