Specific Discourse Research Articles

Event Construal in Text and Image. Gaze Behavior and Discourse Interpretations

The study explores the combinatorial prevalence effect in Event construal techniques in text and image components of heterosemiotic book pages. We hypothesize that their activity and contingency affect their interpretation, here tested in the oculographic experiment and discourse responses check. To proceed, we develop the parametric system applied for 100 book pages annotation and further statistical analysis. This study reveals the relevance of Truth, Type, Relation, Manageability, Completeness, Instantness, Achievement, Evaluation, Space location, Time location, Repeatability, Cause and effect parameter groups in Event construal in text and image as well as their resonance in concomitant activity. To select the samples serving as stimuli in the oculographic experiment, we apply Principal component analysis, which assigns Uniqueness indices to the samples, here ranging from 0.111 to 0.675, and provides diversity of Event construal techniques to be tested in terms of their interpretation. The results evidence that participants applied different text and image attention distribution patterns with longer fixations on text component in case the image displayed physical contact, static and desirable events. When the creation or destruction events, events-achievement, events located in time or causal events were not present in the text, the participants were more likely to address the image, not the text. Parameter activity also affects the choice of Descriptive, Narrative and Speculative discourse responses, with a restricted number of parameters stimulating Narrative discourse, with a restricted in text and vast in image number of parameters stimulating Speculative discourse, which evidences in favor of their more predetermined and predicted character. Hopefully, the results may be used to predict the interpretation effects and to further cognitive linguistic and semiotic research coordination.

Stardust and statistics

The ability to understand language-in-use is essential to language and literacy learning. This article focuses on players' acquisition of specialist language and Discourses (Gee, 2014) among players of the mobile augmented reality game Pokémon GO. Specifically, I explore player-written guides by self-identified researchers of the game. These researchers enact scientific Discourses to explain gameplay elements. Using parent interviews and excerpts from the player-written guides, I analyze these game guides' highly specialized and complex language as forms of situated language in-use. I conclude with a discussion of implications based on these findings for L1 in educational settings.

Terminological hybridity in institutional legal translation

Abstract The analysis of domain-specific terminology is essential for characterizing specialized discourses, and emerges as a useful means of measuring the thematic hybridity of law and legal translation in particular. This paper accordingly presents a large-scale mapping of terminological and phraseological features in a multi-genre corpus that was built as part of the LETRINT project on institutional legal translation. The corpus-driven analysis focuses on the density of legal terminology and phraseology, on the one hand, and that of terminology of other specialized domains, on the other, in nine genres that are considered representative of three central legal functions (law-making, compliance monitoring and adjudication) in three international settings (the European Union, the United Nations and the World Trade Organization). The comparative examination of density scores provides empirical evidence of the common core features of the selected genres, and reveals variations based on institutional thematic focus, primary legal function and genre specificities. These insights nuance our understanding of international legal discourses and domain specialization in institutional translation.

The Role of Salience and Common Grounds in Intercultural Communication: A Descriptive Study

Jokes are specific discourses that contain cultural, historical and region-specific references. In order to understand the salience of these discourses, the common ground of interlocutors is significantly important. The current study explores how non-natives English speakers comprehend English jokes. In addition, it aims to know the difficulties and the lexical issues encountered by Pakhtoon and Sindhi participants in interpreting English jokes. The researchers used a mixed-method approach for this study. The population of this study includes Pakhtoon and Sindhi undergraduate students.A sample of 20 students was selected and two types of tools were used to check the English jokes comprehension skills of participants. The socio-cognitive approach is used as a theoretical framework and the results of quantitative data were presented with the help of pie charts. Results of this study show that ethnic, religious, racial, and jokes having historic references are difficult to understand. Individuals' social knowledge of English culture is important for comprehending English jokes. Knowledge of semantic expressions, ample knowledge and wisdom of culture-specific words and idioms are important for identifying the salience aspects of English jokes.

Discourse analysis of the US War on Terror policy in Afghanistan

This paper discusses discourse analysis on the “war on terror” after 9/11. It argues that the USA framed a specific discourse based on securing and legitimizing its political and strategic objectives in the war on terror in Afghanistan. This study uses the qualitative method of discourse analysis to analyse official texts and key statements by the U.S. Government on the war on terror after 9/11. It explains that the U.S. discourse on the war on terror resulted from the geo-strategic overstretch policy. The withdrawal of the U.S. from Afghanistan was a failure of discourse; however, it questioned the rationale of the protracted war on terror. Political and strategic discourses help to frame a policy in an ideational perspective while the reversal of discourses indicates a paradigm shift based on sheer rationality. The study has far-reaching implications for future research particularly in the case of hegemonic discourse which tends to fail or reverse the U.S. discourse about countering terrorism in Afghanistan. It reveals the fact that discourses are constructed much for public consumption and the U.S. strategy of withdrawal from Afghanistan is primarily based on domestic economic and political considerations.

Feeling Safe in the City: In Search of a Sociological Conceptualization

The article problematizes the existence of a gap between the concepts of urban safety and the feeling of safety in the city. Urban safety is usually understood as a low crime rate and protection from other external threats. At the same time, the feeling of safety is associated with individual experiences, social identity and other social and psychological factors. The lack of a sociological understanding of the feeling of safety is a problem for further study of the phenomenon. The purpose of this article is to solve this problem. At the beginning, an overview of the developments in the study of safety in sociological theory is given, which connects the concept of safety with the concepts of risk and trust. Further, safety is considered taking into account its socio-emotional characteristics. The role of space in the emotional experiences of individuals is described. As a result, a definition of urban safety is proposed as a feeling based on the spectrum of social emotions and expressed through specific discourse and social actions.

Effectiveness of Communicative Learning Technologies in the Formation of Intercultural Communication Discourse of Future Diplomat Specialists

The experience of using communicative technologies in the process of teaching intercultural communicative discourse to future diplomats is described. The authors present the results of the study of the development of communicative skills of future diplomats in the educational process. It is proved that in modern education communicative technologies are used as a means of forming communicative skills and as a means of intensifying the cognitive activity of students. One aspect of this relationship is the attitude in the learning process to the language as a means of communication, knowledge of the world around, as well as self- nalysis of the problem under study and the results of the experimental work, generalizing conclusions are fordevelopment of future diplomats as a person with their own interests, needs and abilities. Based on the theoretical amulated. The aim of the work is to justify and test the communicative technology, assuming an active role of future diplomats in the formation and development of intercultural communicative competence, necessary for the use of a foreign language in communication. The topicality of the given problem is conditioned by the process of development of international relations and by the fact that in this connection the specialists that have both a system of professional knowledge and the ability to communicate in a foreign language and on this basis successfully solve the diplomatic negotiations are needed.

Is Discourse Role Important for Emotion Recognition in Conversation?

A conversation is a sequence of utterances, where each utterance plays a specific discourse role while expressing a particular emotion. This paper proposes a novel method to exploit latent discourse role information of an utterance to determine the emotion it conveys in a conversation. Specifically, we use a variant of the Variational-Autoencoder (VAE) to model the context-aware latent discourse roles of each utterance in an unsupervised way. The latent discourse role representation further equips the utterance representation with a salient clue for more accurate emotion recognition. Our experiments show that our proposed method beats the best-reported performances on three public Emotion Recognition in Conversation datasets. This proves that the discourse role information of an utterance plays an important role in the emotion recognition task, which no previous work has studied.

“We define X as …”: A local grammar of definition in linguistics research articles and its pedagogical value

Local grammars have been shown to be useful for accounting for discourse acts (e.g., exemplification, evaluation) in academic writing. Focusing on the specific discourse act of defining, this study develops a local grammar of definition in Linguistics research articles and further discusses its implications and applications for EAP writing research and pedagogy. Using a corpus compiled from published research articles, the study searched for a set of lexicogrammatical markers to retrieve instances of definition and the subsequent analyses identified 36 local grammar patterns of definition. The pedagogical implications and applications are then discussed in relation to EAP course design and the development of local grammar informed EAP teaching materials. The study concludes that systematically developing local grammars of discourse acts of importance in academic writing is a worthwhile undertaking and the findings of such research can usefully inform EAP writing pedagogy.

Differentiation of segmentally identical expressions occurring in the same or different sentence zones in Hungarian by duration, pitch, intensity and irregular voicing

Abstract The paper presents the interpretation and explanation of the findings of two pieces of experimental research within the framework of Varga's (2016) pitch-tier model of the Hungarian declarative sentence. One of the experiments was established to investigate the information-structural contribution of quantified expressions (such as mindhárom barátom ‘all three of my friends’ and Csaba is ‘Csaba also’). The other experiment explored the acoustic features of the spontaneous-speech specific discourse marker hát ‘well/so’. The two topics can be regarded as interconnected if Varga's model is interpreted in the strong sense that pitch – presumably in a more or less strong correlation with intensity – is responsible for indicating the topic–comment dichotomy and other factors of the discourse-embedding of sentences. Thus, the reconciliation of our data with Varga's model requires the consideration of the pitch-tier substructures in their complex dynamism. The experiments support the plausible hypothesis that the variants of the discourse marker hát as part of the preparatory contour primarily differ in duration, while is-quantifiers in different pitch-tier parts differ in terms of pitch values.

The Flipped Classroom Model of Japanese Teaching Based on Intelligent Decision-Making System

Invert the model of learning in the classroom as a new model in the field of education as modern Internet technologies develop and the concept of learning is updated. It is widely used and promoted in various disciplines. Scholars and front-line teachers have begun to try to introduce the flipped classroom teaching model into language classrooms. With this opportunity, practical studies on flipping classes in foreign languages have emerged. At the same time, the study of the learning process in the classroom has become a problem that needs to be urgently addressed. At present, the linguistic field generally regards the specific teacher-student discourse interaction and verbal communication patterns in the teaching process as a research trend. For the Japanese teaching field, the research on the specific characteristics and patterns of teacher-student verbal communication in classroom discourse is a top priority. Drawing on previous research theories and research methods, the two key research topics are combined. Taking the foreign language curriculum under two different classroom teaching modes as the empirical research object, this paper studies the specific classroom teaching process by using the interaction theory of sociology. At the same time, it uses the Flanders Interaction Analysis System (FIAS) to conduct detailed quantitative research on the interaction of teachers and students in classroom discourse, and analyze and discuss the statistical results. The relevant teaching suggestions for the application of the Japanese flipped classroom teaching mode are put forward, and the problems that must be paid attention to in the practical application are pointed out, in order to provide meaningful reference and reference for the construction of the Japanese teaching mode.

Kombination von Einzel- und Gruppenbehandlung in der ambulanten psychodynamischen Kinder- und Jugendlichenpsychotherapie

Since 2015 the combination of individual and group treatment within psychoanalytically based procedures is possible in both adult and child and adolescent psychotherapy. Neither theoretical specialist discourses nor research about the combination of individual and group therapy in child and adolescent psychotherapies have hitherto occurred for this age group. Therefore discussion threads of adult therapy regarding the combination of individual and group therapy will be illustrated to derive their theoretic meaning for child and adolescent therapy. Furthermore first experiences in the area of combined therapy in child and adolescent therapy will be described.

The Double Use of the Locution ועתה as a Rhetorical Device in the Discourses of the Old Testament

In biblical texts, repetition is very often seen by scholars as an indication of an addition or of different sources. In the Old Testament we find a group of speeches characterized by the double or triple use of the adverbial phrase ועתה within the same speech. The phenomenon of double ועתה appears in seventeen texts: Gen 44:18–34; 45:4b-13; Exod 3:7–10; Josh 22:2–5; Ruth 3:10–13; 1 Sam 24:18–22; 26:18–20; 2 Sam 2:5–7; 19:10–11; 1 Kgs 5:17–20 (cf. 2 Chr 2:2–9); 8:23–53 (cf. 2 Chr 6:14–42); 18:9–14; 1 Chr 29:10–19; 2 Chr 2:11–15; 28:9–11; Ezra 10:2–4; Dan 9:4–19. In four cases it has to do with a triple use of ועתה , namely in Josh 14:6–12; 1 Sam 25:24–31; 2 Sam 7:18–29 (cf. 1 Chr 17:16–27) and Ezra 9:6–15. This study analyses these texts and tries to answer the questions raised by the repetition of the particle ועתה : Why use the same locution twice? What are the common characteristics of these discourses? And what is the origin of this phenomenon? The first part of the research is dedicated to the presentation of the general characteristics of ועתה , while the second part concerns the persuasive character of these discourses. The third part consists in the analysis of the function of the double ועתה in the structure of the discourses, as compared with classical rhetoric. The fourth part identifies the context of the speeches with the double/triple ועתה . Finally, the fifth part is dedicated (1) to the importance of the argumentation introduced by the first ועתה in a specific discourse, as it is related to a request for forgiveness (deprecatio), and (2) to the origins of the use of the double ועתה as a rhetorical device.

Мэргэжлийн англи хэлний хэрэгцээ шаардлагыг судалсан нь

The present research study provided a detailed description of needs analysis (NA) of Law and Social Science institute, UIA students in relation to the English education requirement. English taught for law purposes is known as English for specific purposes (ESP). The main objective of the study was the development of an ESP curriculum for Law and Social Science Institute students at the University of Internal Affairs (UIA), Mongolia. The researcher of the study utilized a Google form platform which contained a collection of both qualitative and quantitative research data. The study was conducted in the Law and Social Science Institute, UIA based in Ulaanbaatar in the academic year of 2021-2022. Participants of the study included 128 current 1-4th course students. The data were gathered utilizing semi-structured interviews and a researcher-made questionnaire. Through NA, the researchers analyzed the learners’ factors, present situation, target situation, and specialist discourse of the population. The results of the study were used to design and develop an ESP course curriculum for students studying in the Law and Social Science School of UIA.

Decoding of a Gendered Marginalized Discourse in V.S. Naipaul’s A House for Mr. Biswas

Focusing on Sara Mill’s Feminist stylistics in A House for Mr. Biswas (1961) by V.S. Naipaul (1961), the article provides an alternative understanding of the novel through the lens of the undertaken framework to reveal marginalization on gender basis. The disparity of the socio- cultural roles of men and women in the novel through a particular use of language divulges gender inequality in a society. The preference of masculinity engrossed in of preferable patriarchal titles, names, generic pronouns and professions leads to a gender labeling. The disparaging portrayal of women in the fictional representation of a postcolonial work manifests that women are discriminated against. It is substantial, therefore, to problematize gender representation through the application of “toolkit” (Mills, 1995, p.2). It is also one of the significant theoretical frameworks that critiques a literary piece to unearth concealed objectives wrought in an implicit and explicit language-use. Naipaul in the selected work represents through a language use - word, phrase/sentence, discourse to demonstrate how rampant socio-cultural gender norms play a pivotal role in upholding gender inequality. Therefore, the study concludes that submissive role of women through the specific use of discourse makes the application of feminist stylistics more pertinent to highlight the stereotypical gender norms that are used to strengthen patriarchal hegemony. Hence, socio-cultural gender norms with the collusion of a specific discourse used in the novel are coded for dominance of patriarchy and segregation of women subsequently.

Theologising democracy in the context of Muhammadiyah’s ijtihād

This article focuses to examine the process of Muhammadiyah’s ijtihād has evolved, specifically in constructing the notion of Negara Pancasila sebagai Dār al-‘Ahd wa al-Shahādah (the state of consensus and witness) and the arguments on which it is built. The scholarly issues that have been highlighted in this article are study on this specific discourse has not been done yet, the ijtihad in the field of Siyar (law of war and international relations in Islamic traditions) which has been elaborated with ideas of contemporary social sciences is very rare, and the discourse of Siyar has dominantly covered only the area of Middle East. Accordingly, this article confidently fulfils these gaps applying qualitative research method and analysis of social contextualisation. This article argues that the way of Muhammadiyah’s ijtihād in producing the idea of Indonesia as the state of consensus and witness is applying theologising democracy. It consists of trajectory in which Muhammadiyah has objectified Islam and substantialised it to enhance the meaning of democracy.

Sex Panic Rhetorics, Queer Interventions

Sex Panic Rhetorics, Queer Interventions

Heritage languages and language as heritage: the language of heritage in Canada and beyond

ABSTRACT This article draws on recent discourses surrounding intangible cultural heritage (ICH) and its relationship to language preservation, practice, and revitalisation to propose that language be considered a form and practice of heritage in and of itself, not merely a vehicle for the conveyance of ICH. As such, language can serve as a bridge between the often-parallel tracks of tangible and intangible heritage, helping arrive at an understanding of heritage that is broader, more nuanced, and more inclusive. Until now, most scholars have resisted fully characterising language as heritage, viewing ‘heritagisation’ as a threat to the vitality of language rather than embracing language as a boon to the aliveness of heritage. In support of our argument, we draw on examples from Latin America, Asia, and in particular Canada to highlight specific historical and political discourses that determine whose language counts as heritage and whose heritage counts more generally. While certain communities may derive some benefit from an acknowledgement of their language as a form of heritage in service of a language reclamation agenda, the field of heritage will benefit greatly from inviting the vitality of language to enrich its many facets – discourse, practice, materiality, and the interplay among these three.

Knowledge Communication

This paper is a thoroughly revised version of the manuscript of my inaugural professorial lecture delivered on March 16th of 2018, when I was called upon to take up the position as full professor at the department of Culture and Learning, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Aalborg in Denmark. As this is a revised version of a talk given four years ago almost to the date, the reader will probably be able to spot remnants of its oral origins. But not only that. As much of what I envisioned in 2018 has been published one way of the other since then, the reader will also be invited to join me on a text archeological expedition. Much like Norman Mailer’s use of (rhetorical) “Time Machines” in his The Naked and the Dead, so will I be making extensive use of references and footnotes as rhetorical wormholes allowing the reader to oscillate between 2018 and today, 2022. This paper is an integration of ideas harvested from over a decade’s worth of research publications within the field that I have labelled Knowledge Communication. Basically, my interest in Knowledge Communication grew out of a curiosity as to the conceptual interfaces between communication and knowledge. As a point of entry suffice it to say that – as seen from the helicopter perspective – what sets Knowledge Communication apart from other related fields of communication studies is the fact that it takes its point of departure in the knowledge society. I.e., not in any specific discourse, neither in any one particular knowledge domain, and not even in communication per se, but in the context encompassing all of this, i.e., the knowledge society. 
 Structurally, this paper is divided into four sections. In the first section, I will sketch out my personal Bildungsweg and give a brief, narrative account of how my scholarly interests progressed from lexeme to communication. A Bildungsweg that eventually gave rise to a perspectivist outlook. In section 2, I will be presenting my take on the formative force of perspective as well as of interruptions of regress. The results, as it were, of applying interruptions of regress to the disciplines that I was socialized into, i.e., Language for Specific Purpose, Public Understanding of Science, and Knowledge Management, allows me to establish the three Cs of the Knowledge Communication research programme, i.e., communication, convergence, and constructivism, respectively. In section 3, I will present, discuss, and evaluate three widely acknowledged understandings of communication. My critical evaluation of existing understandings of what communication ‘is’ and what it ‘does’ serves as a stepping-stone for conceptualizing a novel take on communication as co-actional. An understanding of communication that is able to encompass the three Cs. In the final section, section 4, I propose fruitful avenues of research stemming from the Knowledge Communication research programme.

Functional differentiation of the concepts "genre" and "format" in sports broadcast journalism

The social significance of sports and interest in it caused by unpredictable results, dramatic events and acute conflicts make sports attractive to journalists from different mass media working in a variety of genres and formats. Due to the introduction of new communication channels, the use of high technologies and growing competition with online broadcasts, the established system of genres in television journalism has been blurred. It lost its clear typology, merged some genres and broke the traditional canons by adopting hybrid groups of entertainment content (talk show, reality show). Study aims at systematizing such concepts as "genre" and "format" in sports journalism. Television sports broadcasting acts as a special discourse. The authors of the article defined the format of television sports broadcasting and considered its connection with traditional journalistic genres. They also overviewed such a media product as the Russian sports TV channel "Match TV" in terms of its quality.