Specialists In Specialties Research Articles

The unified state qualification exam STEP-1 as a marker of the success of the education of pediatric doctors in Ukraine and Bogomolets National Medical University

BackgroundUkraine’s higher medical education goes deeper and deeper every year in the European integration processes in the field of «Health Care» knowledge. Since 2005, the integrated license integrated exam STEP “General medical training” has been introduced in the country to diagnose the quality of training of specialists in all medical specialties. Since 2019, Ukraine, unlike other countries in Europe and the world, has been training specialists in the specialty “Pediatrics” at the stage of undergraduate training. The quality control of the training of specialists is carried out in the form of passing the Unified State Qualification Exam STEP (USQE STEP) separately for each medical specialty (Medicine and Pediatrics). Therefore, the purpose of our research is to conduct a comparative analysis of the results of the success of the first stage of the USQE STEP-1 by students of higher medical education in the specialty “Pediatrics” with the specialty “Medicine” in Ukraine and in the Bogomolets National Medical University (Bogomolets NMU).MethodsAnalytical references to the results of the first stage of the USQE STEP-1 for the students who have completed theoretical medical disciplines specialty “Pediatrics” and the specialty “Medicine” in Ukraine and Bogomolets NMU, which are provided by the Testing Center at the Ministry of Health of Ukraine. Тhe statistical significance of comparative indicators was proved using Fisher’s test, with a statistical error that corresponded to the specified value for ≤ 0.05.ResultsIt is shown that in 2022, applicants of higher medical education of Ukraine with the specialty “Pediatrics” improved the overall success rate by 8.4%, and the success rate of subtests by an average of 10.5%, despite the state of war in Ukraine. The exception was the results of the licensing exam for the subtest component “Biochemistry”: compared to 2021, the pass rate decreased by 3.6% in the specialty “Medicine” and by 6.4% in the specialty “Pediatrics”. At Bogomolets NMU, the leaders of 2022 were the students of the “Pediatrics” specialty, their success rate is 2% higher than that of the “Medicine” specialty.ConclusionsThe analysis of the results of USQE STEP-1 by applicants of higher medical education of the specialties “Pediatrics” and “Medicine” in Ukraine showed the effectiveness of the selection of the specialty “Pediatrics” into a separate section of the training of specialists at the undergraduate level in the field of “Health Care”. Using the methods of mathematical statistics, the effectiveness of organizational methodological techniques in the organization of the educational process in the conditions of the martial law of Ukraine and Bogomolets NMU as a leader in the training of specialists in Pediatric doctors has been proved.

Training Future Specialists in Specialty 227 “Therapy and Rehabilitation” at Volodymyr Dahl East Ukrainian National University

Physical rehabilitation during military aggression is one of the critical components of medical care for military personnel, their families, and the civilian population affected by the consequences of occupation, violence, bombings, etc. Training future physical therapists is a complex and essential process that requires specialised education, practical experience and constant updating of knowledge and skills. The practice-oriented approach, which allows students to gain real practical experience in treating patients even during their studies and helps them develop the skills and abilities necessary for successful practice, plays a crucial role in the training of physical therapists. The article reveals the peculiarities of training future physical and occupational therapists at Volodymyr Dahl East Ukrainian National University in cooperation with various institutions of the social sphere (rehabilitation institutions, various centres of psychosocial assistance). In interaction with the specified institutions, the recipients get to prepare for work in clinical, sports or other environments where their skills will be of actual use. A hands-on approach helps candidates learn to interact with different age groups and patients with different health conditions, from children to adults; contribute to the recovery of the physical and psychological condition of patients, helping them to return to an active life; by developing individual rehabilitation plans, physical therapists help restore mobility and improve patients’ quality of life, reducing the risk of disability.

Аналіз результатів складання Єдиного державного кваліфікаційного іспиту КРОК 1 за спеціальністю «Педіатрія» як модернізація освітнього процесу вищої медичної освіти України

While implementing European integration processes in the educational space of Ukraine, medical higher education did not remain aloof. The main stage of quality control of higher medical education by means of information and communication technologies (ICT) was the reformatting of the license integrated exam Step 1 “General medical training”, which was taken by students of higher medical education in the specialties “Medicine”, “Medical psychology” and “Pediatrics” in Unified State Qualification Exam (USQE) STEP 1 (USQE STEP 1) separately for each specialty. Thus, unlike other European countries, since 2019, Ukraine has been training specialists in specialty “Pediatrics” at the stage of undergraduate training. Purpose - to conduct a comparative analysis of the results of the first stage of the USQE STEP 1 by applicants for higher medical education in the specialty 228 "Paediatrics" in Ukraine and the Bogomolets National Medical University. Materials and methods. Analytical references to the results of the first stage of the USQE Step 1, which are provided by the Testing Center at the Ministry of Health of Ukraine for the period from 2019 to 2021; the statistical significance of comparative indicators was proved using Fisher’s test, with a statistical error that corresponded to the specified value for ≤0.05. Results. During the period of remote and transitional forms of organization of the educational process in higher medical education (2019-2021), stabilization of education was achieved thanks to ICT tools: the overall success rate of applicants for specialty 228 “Pediatrics” in Ukraine increased by 3.0%. Effective adaptation measures have been taken to organize the educational process at Bogomolets National Medical University by means of ICT for applicants of specialty 228 “Pediatrics”: the overall success rate increased by 2.1% against the background of a 4% decrease in the national rate. Improvement of the methodological conditions of the organization of the educational process of training applicants of higher medical education in specialty 228 “Pediatrics” was proven by the methods of mathematical statistics. Conclusions. The obtained results prove the effectiveness of organizational forms of training in separate periods with the use of ICT tools with the use of mathematical statistics methods. The analysis of the main indicators made it possible to identify the conditions and factors affecting the results of the successful completion of the USQE STEP 1, which made it possible to implement ICT tools that contributed to increasing the efficiency of the educational process. No conflict of interests was declared by the authors.

ADAPTATION OF THE LABOR MARKET TO THE REQUIREMENTS OF DIGITALIZATION OF THE ECONOMY: THE GLOBAL DIMENSION

Topicality.The digital economy, becoming more and more part of our daily lives, is changing many of the approaches to the organization and management of their work. Digital technologies and the sixth technological device in the coming decades will lead to a partial replacement of human labor by machines. As a result of digitalization, from 9 to 50% of all existing occupations may disappear in the next decade. By 2036,from 2 to 50% of work expressed in man-hours can be automated, and by 2066 this share can reach 46-99%. In the G20, according to the European Commission, the annual digital economy is estimated at 3.2 trillion euro and is about 8% of total GDP. Thus, today it is necessary to identify the characteristics of the adaptation of the labor market to the requirements of digitalization of the economy, taking into account world experience.Aim and tasks.The aim of the article is to identify the characteristics of the adaptation of the labor market to the requirements of digitalization of the economy on the basis of world experience.Research results.The article presents the main features of global socio-economic development in the XXI century under the influence of digitalization of the economy, namely: intensive development of technology and innovation, strengthening the importance of services; accelerated inclusion in the globalization process; transformation of labor relations in the conditions of changes in communication technologies and motivation of people's labor behavior in the context of "remote relations" between employees and their employers; the process of forming a flexible, virtual labor market in the context of digitalization. It is determined that the feature of the Fourth Industrial Revolution is digitalization, which in the labor market creates conditions for the reduction of additional jobs and intensification of the process of "compression" of those already formed. The main trends in the replacement of robotic hardware and software jobs in the United States and the European Union for the next 20 years based on estimates of international companies. The characteristics of changes in the structure of jobs in the labor market due to the introduction of such new technologies as: "Big data" - by industry, sector and area of activity; industrial Internet of Things - specialists in specialties; production automation and robotics; mobile internet, cloud technologies and digital platforms. The emergence of the creative class in the development of the digital economy is substantiated and given a description by analyzing the definitions of the concept of "Creative Class", the characteristics of the elements of its structure and performance. It is proved that due to digitalization the preconditions for the formation of a creative economy are created. Prospects for further research are identified.Conclusion. The presented results of the research are a certain basis of theoretical and methodological understanding of the basics of adaptive business process management in the digitalization of Ukraine's economy, because it is necessary to take into account changes in the relative structure of jobs under the influence of new technology.

Distribution of male and female procedural and surgical specialists in Australia.

Objective This study examined the distribution of the sexes across Australian medical procedural specialties in 2017 and investigated the proportion of currently registered female specialists based on their graduation date from 1969 to 2008. Methods A cross-sectional analysis of current Australian procedural and surgical specialists registered with the Australian Health Practitioner Registration Agency as of January 2017 was undertaken. Participants included 4851 surgical specialists (594 female, 4257 male) and 14948 specialists in specialties with high levels of procedural clinical work (4418 female, 10530 male). The number of male and female specialists across each procedural specialty and the medical school graduation date of current female specialists were analysed. Results In 2017, female fellows represented only one in 10 surgeons and three in 10 procedural specialists. All surgical specialties are underrepresented by female specialists. Cardiology is least represented by female practitioners (one in 10), followed by intensive care and ophthalmology (two in 10). General surgery, otolaryngology and urology saw more female specialists with graduation dates between 1983 and 2003 compared with the other surgical specialties. Conclusion The number of female practitioners registered as specialists is increasing, but they continue to be underrepresented at specialist level across many procedural and surgical specialties. What is known about the topic? Although the number of female students entering medical school now outnumbers that of males, female practitioners remain underrepresented at the specialist level. What does this paper add? Surgery continues to be underrepresented by female specialists, but general surgery, otolaryngology and urology have shown increases in females reaching specialist level. All procedural specialties have shown increasing numbers of female practitioners reaching the specialist level. What are the implications for practitioners? All surgical specialties and nearly all procedural specialties need to adopt evidence-based practices to make their training programs both appealing and sustainable to female trainees in order to work towards achieving gender parity.

ПОПИТ ТА ПРОПОЗИЦІЯ ПЕДАГОГІЧНИХ КАДРІВ НА ОФІЦІЙНОМУ РИНКУ ПРАЦІ УКРАЇНИ

The article reveals the results of the author’s research aimed at determining the need for teachers in the official and regional labor markets. In the current context, this issue is highly relevant and in demand, and it is a key component in ensuring the quality of education services and the effective use of resources from different levels of budgets. The calculations were based on official statistics of the State Statistics Service, the State Employment Service and regional (Kyiv city) employment centers. Information obtained over the last 3 years on the supply and demand of teachers in terms of regions, positions, pedagogical specialties and educational degrees (educational and qualification level of Junior Specialist) was used to calculate the relevant forecast staffing needs. The basis for forecasting work was the author’s methodological approaches to determining the need for specialists in specialties. The general conclusion based on the results of the conducted research is that in today’s conditions approximately 80,0 % of graduates of the relevant field do not «reach» the profile vacancies. This situation is due to financial (low wages, lack of significant social packages and preferences, etc.), general (outflow of youth abroad, etc.), and moral and ethical (difficult working conditions of teachers, falling prestige of work as teachers and educators, etc.) factors. In addition, considering the dynamic changes associated with the reform of the provision of educational services both in Ukraine and abroad, urgent changes and additions to the National Classifier of Ukraine DK 003 «Classifier of Professions» are required. This is primarily due to the obsolescence of many pedagogical positions, their dispersion and artificial underestimation of the requirements for educational degrees, especially concerning the educational and qualification level of a Junior Specialist. In-depth research and opinion polls of a wide range of respondents are required for a more detailed analysis of the reasons for the refusal of graduate teachers from further activities to provide educational services.

Situational problems in the formation of professional competence of specialists in specialty “Urology”

A modern activity has indicated the vector for the future development. Therefore, for the establishment of clinical thinking, encouragement of the young specialists, disclosure of initiative, orientation in time among a wide informational access, it is set the question of “interdisciplinary links”, and as a result an ability to choose the most effective methods from suggested in the modern environment. Interdisciplinary tasks integrate discipline “Urology” in educational and training complex. Implementation of the knowledge of this type is a method of improvement for mastering of the basic medical sciences and further related subjects. Promotion of the clinical thinking formation not in the medical chairs, but right from the beginning of the education. On the advance training cycles, these tasks mostly require a review of the forgotten material of the past years related to the basic disciplines and improvement of these for the integration in phased interdisciplinary tasks. In the process of resolution professional choice is differentiated, and a continuous improvement in this direction. The tasks themselves represent “perforated” tasks (those that contain data, resolution of which requires the involvement of knowledge not in the single discipline, but in a complex way, which corresponds more to practical application then to the theoretical) moreover, a grading approach is applied for the determination of the probationer’s readiness. The possibility of independent resolution of complicated clinical tasks and handling of latest technologies are only possible by summation of efforts of related teachers. Implementation of interdisciplinary tasks increases mastering of basic sciences as well as of the clinical disciplines in the future, and the ability to respond today’s social needs. Resolution of these tasks requires a review in the memory of today’s acquired material and so, its fixation in the further usage.

Розвиток дослідницької компетеності магістрантів спеціальності "Соціальна робота" у процесі роботи з електронним навчальним курсом "Професійне спілкування іноземною мовою"

The article presents the peculiarities of the development of research competence of masters in the specialty "Social Work" in the process of working with the electronic training course "Foreign language professional communication". The content and structure of the discipline, the main forms of work, and criteria for assessing student knowledge and program results are presented. The role and place of the system of electronic learning, in particular, EEC "Foreign language professional communication (5th course, SP, full-time department)" were determined in the formation of the scientific competence of future masters. According to the educational-professional program of training specialists in specialty 231 Social work it has been determined that the academic discipline "Foreign language professional communication" provides the formation of such general professional competencies that one way or another ensure the formation of research competence: the ability to search, process and analyze information from different sources; the ability to improve and develop professional, intellectual and cultural levels; ability to teaching, formation of future students of professional knowledge, skills and abilities, education of active life position. Among the programmatic results of studying the discipline the following are defined: the ability to use foreign sources in fulfilling the tasks of research and applied activities, to speak a foreign language, on professional topics, both verbally and in writing. On the basis of the analysis of the e-learning course concrete forms and methods of developing the research competence of future specialists in specialty 231 Social Work are presented. Among the tasks that contribute to the development of research competence are as follows: send a written answer in an essay format (up to 10 sentences) - the topic is related to the motivation block for continuing education; to develop and present their own idea for the development of scientific knowledge in the future on the basis of Forsyte technology; Using the reference vocabulary and expressions suggested below describe the methods you applied in your own research; pick up the bibliography for your own research and arrange it according to APA style requirements; prepare an abstract to the article according to the sample and requirements for the structure of the abstract.