Special Work Research Articles

Holographic Communication: A Study of the Quality of Holographic Copies Perception

Relevance. Holography is becoming one of the most promising areas of visualization of three-dimensional objects, which justifies the emergence of a certain scientific interest in this area of research. There is a general global trend of intensifying the work of specialists on the problem of using holographic technologies in various areas of human activity. Trends in the implementation of holographic services and holographic communication today already require a revision of the principles of planning, designing and building existing communication networks, as well as approaches to the implementation of sixth-generation networks 6G, which are based on the integration of various technologies and communication networks into a single network. A separate issue is the assessment of the quality of service and the quality of perception of holographic services by both objective and subjective assessment methods. There are practically no criteria for assessing the quality of a holographic image, including scales and methods for subjective assessment of the quality of holographic services. Moreover, the properties of the holographic flow are poorly understood, and even less so its influence on communication networks and requirements for network parameters, which makes the tasks of studying traffic characteristics and assessing the quality of service of holographic services very relevant.The aim of the work is to evaluate the quality of perception of holographic conference calls using a subjective evaluation method on a model network. The work uses methods of subjective assessment of the quality of perception. The materials presented in the article reflect the results of the authors' experimental research work on studying the problem of the quality of perception of holographic copies. A description of the developed scheme of a full-scale experiment is given.Results. The data obtained as a result of the work of an expert group on assessing the quality of perception are presented. The subjective assessment of the quality of perception of a holographic image begins to deteriorate with 8 connections and becomes unsatisfactory with 12 connections, which must be taken into account when planning experimental studies of work on assessing the quality of perception. Novelty. For the first time, an assessment of the quality of perception of the provision of a holographic conferencing service was carried out using a subjective assessment method. Theoretical significance. The influence of increasing the number of holographic traffic flows on the quality of perception of the received content is analyzed. Practical significance. Expanding the possibilities for assessing the degree of user satisfaction with holographic services.

The STAP-Net: A new health perception and prediction framework for bearing-rotor systems under special working conditions

The health perception of bearing-rotor systems and their remaining useful life prediction has been a critical and challenging theme in the field of Prognostic and Health Management (PHM). Deep learning has become a prominent area of PHM research. However, current models have difficulty in adequately extracting the deep degradation characteristics of bearings and effectively capturing time-series information during the failure process. Also, most remaining useful life (RUL) prediction methods focus on point estimation, limiting their ability to quantify prediction uncertainty. To address these shortcomings, this study proposes a novel health perception and prediction framework, the Spatiotemporal Self-Attention Mechanism Probabilistic model (STAP-Net). The framework embodies the principles of lightweight design, focusing, and probabilistic approaches, and is tailored for bearing rotor systems operating under unique conditions. The key innovation of STAP-Net is the integration of a modified gate recurrent unit, known as the Weight Diminish Recurrent Unit (WDRU). It greatly reduces the training parameters of the proposed STAP-Net framework and improves the convergence speed of the framework while ensuring the prediction accuracy. Through analyzing the bearing-rotor system degradation data, the efficacy of STAP-Net is validated under special operating conditions such as misalignment and abrasive wear. The superior performance of the proposed framework is evaluated and confirmed based on 3 key metrics: high-precision point prediction, suitable prediction intervals, and reliable probabilistic prediction results.

Architectural Modernisation in Panevėžys During the 1930s: Exploring the Works of Civil Engineer Antanas Gargasas

Summary In contemporary studies of Lithuanian interwar architecture, so far the greatest attention is paid to the analysis of the architectural development and modernization processes that took place in the city of Kaunas, the temporary capital of the country at the time. The work of architectural specialists who worked there is also analysed more. However, at the same time, little is known about the development of architecture created in the smaller cities of Lithuania at that time and its modernization. Thus, this article aims to more thoroughly reveal and analyse the processes of modernization of Panevėžys city architecture that took place in the 1930s, choosing the designs of Antanas Gargasas, who worked there as a municipal engineer in 1931–1940, as the research object. This is done in the article by analysing and presenting the majority of his designed public buildings and the most significant and typical residential buildings. The article, which was written based on archival material, the press of the research period and the contemporary studies of the interwar architecture, contains an assumption that the buildings designed by Antanas Gargasas had a significant influence on the processes of modernization of the Panevėžys architecture at that time and the spread of new stylistic trends in it. The article is supplemented by the drawings and photos of the buildings designed by the engineer.

ANALYSIS – A FUNDAMENTAL TOOL FOR EDUCATION IN THE CREATION OF MULTIMEDIA PRODUCTS

The study examines analysis as a learning tool, both in general and specifically within the work of sound specialists in the creation of multimedia products. Tracing completed processes and accomplished audiovisual forms serves as a guide for practicing sound engineers and students across various multimedia disciplines alike. It builds a reflex for identifying and articulating basic principles of action in certain situations, understanding concepts, techniques, and stylistics, recognizing the directorial artistic approach, appreciating the uniqueness of audio design solutions, and conducting comparisons and analyses when similarities are observed across different examples. The analytical process enables observers to self-evaluate their work, identify important details for their future work, detect stereotypes, and acquire a reflex to pay attention to details that influence the overall sound picture. In the study, two main groups of transitions and processes were traced: first, from the perspective of analysis as a tool for understanding by users, and then, in the application of the insights formed through specialists’ work experience.

The influence of zootechnical factors on the composition of proteins in raw cow's milk

The scientific review is devoted to the current problem of the quality of raw materials in the production of dairy products. The purpose of the research is to update scientific data on the influence of zootechnical factors on the protein composition of raw cow›s milk. In the context of the development of the specialized nutrition market, an in-depth study of milk proteins is necessary as the most important source of essential amino acids. The authors reviewed the scientific works of domestic and foreign specialists, covering the influence of various factors on the protein composition of raw cattle milk. During the formation of the scientific review, the factors studied were divided into the following groups: selection-genetic, feed, temporal, zoohygienic and technological. This made it possible to determine the degree of influence of factors on milk quality indicators, especially proteins, and to trace their dependence on each other.

Use of long-acting triple therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in practice: The ELETHON physicians' survey

Gaps in optimal COPD management have been identified in clinical practice, with discrepancies between guideline recommendations and routine care. The reasons for such discrepancies are incompletely understood. The ELETHON survey aimed to identify physicians' attitudes towards general concepts of COPD management and, in particular, initiation of inhaled triple therapies. ELETHON was a nationwide cross-sectional survey with general practitioners (GP) and pulmonary specialists (PS) working in the ambulatory outpatient setting in Germany, using a structured 17-item questionnaire (single or multiple choice questions) addressing the topics of secondary prevention, exacerbation detection, strategies for therapy escalation, choice of inhaled triple therapies and evaluation of treatment benefits. Questionnaires filled by n=2028 GPs and n=371 PS were analyzed. In both groups, secondary prevention was deemed important in COPD care (GP/PS 76.4%/90.6%), with inhalation technique, vaccination status, and appropriate inhaled pharmacotherapy as key components. Activity/rehabilitation was rarely mentioned by GPs (48.3% vs. 84.5%). Exacerbations and symptomatic worsening were the main triggers for therapy escalation, but were not recorded in a structured way. "Hospitalization" and "≥2 ambulatory exacerbations" were mentioned most frequently as thresholds. Neither GPs nor PS measured eosinophils in the majority of patients. Fixed triple combinations were preferred, with availability of different treatment steps in the same device as important decision aid. Treatment success was evaluated by exacerbations, quality of life, symptoms, lung function and rescue medication use, while COPD Assessment Test (CAT) score was rarely used by GPs and PS. The ELETHON survey identified gaps in COPD management in Germany. While secondary prevention is deemed important, escalation of inhaled therapy is undertaken rather late, the reported importance of vaccinations does not match current quota in German COPD patients, and non-pharmacological measures are often unused. Exacerbation and symptom documentation is rather subjective, validated questionnaires and blood eosinophils are of minor relevance. These results provide evidence of barriers and hidden potentials towards optimization of routine ambulatory care for COPD patients in Germany.

Position of Persia on the problem of «Russian transit» in the XVI–XVII centuries: a plot about Shirvan cities

The article attempts to consider the position of the Persian Safavid state on the question of using the territory of the Muscovy empire for the development of the European-Asian relations in the period of the XVI–XVII centuries with the use of the method of diachronic analysis and historical periodization. The aforementioned problem is studied as a separate aspect of scientific topics related to the place of the then Russia in the process of the European expansion into the countries of the East. The object of the analysis is the practical activities of the Persian administrations, which had both a direct and indirect relationship to the conventional topic of «Russian transit». Nowadays the experience of the comprehensive and conceptual study of this issue is absent not only in the domestic, but also in the foreign historical science. The specific subject of the study is related to the repeated promises of official Iran to transfer control over the largest centers of the historical region of Shirvan to the Russian tsars. The source base for this work was an array of diplomatic documents on the history of Russian-Persian interstate relations of the XVI–XVII centuries. These materials, in particular, reflected Moscow’s reaction to the Safavid proposals for territorial concessions. The scientific works of Russian-speaking and foreign specialists, including the largest representatives of classical and modern historical Iranian studies, were also used. The analysis made it possible to fit the diplomatic issue about the fate of the Shirvan cities into the context of the general problem of «Russian transit». It is hypothesized that the Persian government deliberately initiated this discussion taking into account the economic potential of the Volga-Caspian trade route. It is concluded that if the appropriate agreements between the two states were reached, the Russian empire could in the future produce a certain revolution in the intercontinental trade, especially in the silk market.

A Scale to Measure the Level of Management Orientation of the Members of Farmer Producer Company with Reference to Potato Production in Assam, India

In the absence of a suitable scale to measure the management orientation of potato growers in relation to potato planning, potato production and potato marketing in Assam, there was a need to construct a management orientation scale. Therefore, effort was made to construct a scale to measure the level of management orientation of the members of the Farmer Producer Company with reference to potato production in Assam. A scale was developed with Likert’s summated rating technique. A list of 90 statements resulted after edition of 110 statements as per the fourteen criteria suggested by Thurstone and Chave. Statements were sent to 80 extension specialist working in various field of Assam Agricultural University for the critical evaluation of statements on a 3 point continuum. Based on the responses received from 60 out of 80 judges, the relevancy percentage (RP), Relevancy Weightage (RW) and Mean Relevancy Scores (MRS) were estimated. 74 items with RP > 60, RW > 0.60 and overall MRS > 2.0 were considered for item analysis. These items were administrated to 40 farmers for item analysis and items with ‘t’ value equal or greater than 1.75 were selected and those with ‘t’ value below 1.75 were rejected. Out of 74 statements, 30 statements were retained on the final scale through t-test item analysis. Thus, the instrument developed to measure the level of management orientation of the members of farmer producer company with reference to potato production in Assam consists of 20 positive and 10 negative statements. The dependability coefficient was determined using Rulon's formula and it was 0.8994. As a result, the developed scale was proven to be highly reliable. The scale developed to measure the level of management orientation of the members of Farmer Producer Company with reference to potato production in Assam is found to be reliable and can be utilized by researchers in similar studies. This scale will be very advantageous and convenient for researchers to examine the management orientation of potato growers in relation to potato planning, potato production and potato marketing.

Expert consensus on the passive immunization prevention of infant respiratory syncytial virus infection in China

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, which has the very heavy disease burdens, is the most common viral pathogen that seriously threatens the health of infants and young children. In order to better guide and standardize the clinical diagnosis, treatment, monitoring and immunization prevention and control of RSV infection in China, the Chinese Preventive Medicine Association jointly organized multidisciplinary experts to form a special working group, drawing on the implementation experience of foreign passive immunization prevention of RSV, integrating the existing evidence and the latest progress as a problem oriented, and putting forward the expert consensus on the passive immunization prevention of infant RSV infection in China in the future. The aim is to answer some professional questions about RSV infection and its immunoprophylaxis, especially passive immunoprophylaxis, in order to provide reference for the practice of immunoprophylaxis for professionals in medical institutions, disease prevention and control institutions and community health service centers at all levels.

Expert consensus on the passive immunization prevention of infant respiratory syncytial virus infection in China

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, which has the very heavy disease burdens, is the most common viral pathogen that seriously threatens the health of infants and young children. In order to better guide and standardize the clinical diagnosis, treatment, monitoring and immunization prevention and control of RSV infection in China, the Chinese Preventive Medicine Association jointly organized multidisciplinary experts to form a special working group, drawing on the implementation experience of foreign passive immunization prevention of RSV, integrating the existing evidence and the latest progress as a problem oriented, and putting forward the expert consensus on the passive immunization prevention of infant RSV infection in China in the future. The aim is to answer some professional questions about RSV infection and its immunoprophylaxis, especially passive immunoprophylaxis, in order to provide reference for the practice of immunoprophylaxis for professionals in medical institutions, disease prevention and control institutions and community health service centers at all levels.

Programmatic forecasting of treatment and diagnostic measures for congenital cleft lip and/or palate

Relevance. The documentation processes in medical organizations across the DPR are being restructured, particularly in relation to providing therapeutic and rehabilitative care for children with congenital maxillofacial anomalies. Significant changes have been made to both the requirements for medical documentation and the speed at which it is processed, thanks to advancements in information technology and the introduction of individual electronic medical records. In this era of medical digitalization, it is crucial to simplify data collection and improve the forecasting of the effectiveness of therapeutic and rehabilitative measures conducted at the Pediatric Maxillofacial Surgery Center in Donetsk.Materials and methods. To evaluate the effectiveness of forecasting therapeutic and rehabilitative measures using the "Outpatient Monitoring" software, a previously developed model for predicting treatment outcomes was used. This model is based on an analysis of factors and indicators that reflect different aspects of the treatment and rehabilitation process for children with cleft lip and/or palate.Results. The study led to the implementation of a methodology for forecasting the effectiveness of therapeutic and rehabilitative measures at the Pediatric Maxillofacial Surgery Center in Donetsk, utilizing the " Outpatient Monitoring " computer-based accounting and analytical software, which facilitates both practical and scientific tasks related to the monitoring, treatment, and rehabilitation of children with cleft lip and/or palate.Conclusion. The developed forecasting model will greatly simplify the work of specialists at the Pediatric Maxillofacial Surgery Center.

MONITORING THE GEODYNAMICS OF NATURAL AND MAN-MADE RISKS OF ALMATY

The purpose of the article is to solve the problems of drawing up a map, its presentation, processing, analysis in order to comprehensively assess the regional system of natural and artificial threats of the Almaty region. By solving these problems, you can consider ways to easily resolve the upcoming conflicts and problems. It can be prevented by making predictions about natural and man-made problems. The root of natural and man-made catastrophic conditions of Almaty region are natural disasters characteristic of mountainous regions. We will take into account the conditions of seasonal mudslides and earthquakes. Since Almaty region is a region located in a mountainous zone, there are a lot of earthquake foci. Tectonic movements often occur. In order to prevent major natural disasters, it is necessary to carry out special monitoring work. From this point of view, the compilation of Geodynamic maps, the study of the Earth’s crust, the identification and differentiation of earthquake foci come to the rescue. With this, major disasters can be prevented. The article compiled a map of natural and man-made conditions of the Almaty region. In the process of creating a map, using GIS data, we created a map in the ArcGIS application. We received data from the GIS through a special platform, processing space surveys using a program. We received the data on the basis of SRTM space survey. By studying the dynamics of changes for each year, by comparing maps, you can make conclusive forecasts. Collecting data through free platforms helps to create rational solutions. It is possible to monitor, update,store,and edit the database of information using maps. In the article, a complete study of the region’s region was carried out, the importance was given to the rational, effective use of GIS data.

Characteristics of Health-Preserving Behavior of Parents Raising Children with Disabilities

The article presents the results of a study devoted to the study of health-preserving behavior of parents raising children with disabilities aged 6-10 years. The study was conducted in April-May 2024 in the Borovsky District of the Kaluga Region. The research method was a questionnaire survey of parents. The questions touched upon the implementation of such important areas of child health-preservation in the family as home nutrition, daily routine, sleep, hygiene, control over the safe use of gadgets for the child's health, the psychological climate in the family, the attitude of parents to their own health, etc. The process of interaction between parents and a medical institution and medical workers as subjects of child health-preservation was also studied. It was found that the majority of parents (85%) fully comply with the doctor's advice and prescriptions. Most parents (68%) know the specifics of the child's disease and treatment. According to 54% of parents, their children willingly follow the doctor's recommended prescriptions. 15% of parents failed to develop the skill of following doctors' recommendations in their children with disabilities. In 30% of parents, the child does not follow the doctor's orders or follows them thanks to the parents. In every third family, the sick child's sleep schedule is not followed. Only a third of parents (31%) have children who attend exercise therapy classes. Parents have a low level of health-preserving competence in the issue of healthy nutrition. The materials of the article can be used in the work of specialists in medical and social institutions, educational and public organizations, and can also be useful for researchers interested in the problem of health preservation of children with disabilities.

Registrars as institutions for ensuring the development of the real sector of macroeconomics

Subject. This article discusses the importance of diversified institutions of the financial system, linking the functionalities of the financial and real sectors of macroeconomics. Objectives. The article aims to substantiate the need for such institutions to recognize professional participants of the securities market engaged in maintaining registers of securities holders (registrars), and formulate proposals that contribute to the qualitative disclosure of the potential of registrars in this capacity. Methods. For the study, we used the methods of systems and logical analyses, and the tabulation procedure. Results. The article presents the author-developed proposals aimed at the implementation and development of the potential of registrars as diversified institutions of the financial system, capable of ensuring the development of equity investment as a factor of qualitative and quantitative growth of the real sector of the macro-economy. Conclusions and Relevance. The arguments set forth in the article regarding the need to create an institution of insurance for direct investments of citizens in the creation of new and the development of existing joint-stock companies, the need to provide individuals with the right to register on the websites of investment platforms as persons attracting investments, and other formulated proposals will form the basis for creating norms that contribute to the development of the functionality of registrars, including registrars that are operators of investment platforms, and the realization of their potential as an effective diversified institution of the financial market. The presented proposals may be in demand in the future work of the Bank of Russia, as well as in the work of all interested specialists and scientists aimed at improving the efficiency of the financial sector.

DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHLY EFFECTIVE MILLING CHISEL PLOUGHWITH SIMULTANEOUS LOCAL APPLICATION OF HYDROGEL

The given article is related to agricultural engineering and the design of milling chisel ploughwith special working bodies for cutting water-absorbing slots with simultaneous introduction of hydrogel mixture into them was developed to increase moisture accumulation in soil in the article. Improved technologies and techniques are needed to improve the quality and quantity of crops, in particular cereals, in order to improve their production. Most of the territory of Kazakhstan belongs to the zone of risky agriculture. Every year there are droughts that significantly reduce cereal yields. Many farmers are making large amounts of fertilizer in order to increase yields. However, there is the problem of unsustainable use of fertilizers. Thus, most of fertilizers introduced into soil is washed into its lower layers and becomes inaccessible to plant roots. Therefore, we propose to use local application of hydrogel retention mixture to accumulate nutrients and soil moisture. Its granules are able to absorb liquid, in volume many times larger than their own, and hold it for a long time. For better nutrition of plants, we offer to enrich hydrogel with fertilizers. Possible machines for application of hydrogel mixture are considered in «Analysis of possible methods of application of hydrogel with fertilizers in soil». It is noted that there are no units capable of carrying out local application of granules with fertilizers together with milling chisel ploughinto seeding area in the modern system of machines. Existing machines allow the application of hydrogel in dispersed or subsoil way, and local application of granules together with fertilizers is used for the first time and allows place hydrogel with saturated fertilizers. The choice of optimal method of application of hydrogel mixture pellet was produced and the machine design for its implementation was developed on the basis of common and private methods. Keywords:milling chisel plough, working body, design, hydrogel, moisture, soil, technology.

Redesigning the Work Table of Stamped Batik Makers to Reduce the Risk of Musculoskeletal Disorders (Case Study at Pt. XYZ)

Batik is one of the works owned by the Indonesian Nation, which has noble values and is recognized by other nations. The rapid development of batik makes batik makers need to pay attention to the production process carried out, In carrying out the activities of making stamped batik, it has not been supported by a special work table. Still using an ordinary stamp table that is less comfortable to use for stamped batik. So that in doing their work craftsmen have low productivity and efficiency. This research was conducted at PT XYZ to evaluate and reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disorders in stamped batik makers through ergonomic work table redesign. The research method used is case study-based quantitative, with a population of PT XYZ employees who work as stamped batik makers. Primary data was collected through observation, questionnaires and interviews. Posture measurements were carried out using the NBM (Nordic Body Map) questionnaire, to determine musculoskeletal complaints including 28 muscle parts in the musculoskeletal system on both sides of the body right and left. Then posture measurements were taken using the REBA (Rapid Entire Body Assesment) method. The results of the NBM questionnaire showed that before the improvement of the stamp batik had a high chart of complaints of pain in the musculoskeletal muscles and also the results of the REBA score showed a high risk of musculoskeletal disorders, especially in the neck, shoulders, bronze, arms and legs. After the implementation of a more comfortable stamp work table design and stamp stove table (Adjustable) there was a significant decrease in the REBA score decreasing from 8 to 1. This shows a significant reduction in the risk of musculoskeletal disorders, so that ergonomic work table design can reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disorders at PT XYZ and increase worker comfort.

Anti-Vibration Method for the Near-Bit Measurement While Drilling of Pneumatic Down-the-Hole Hammer Drilling

Pneumatic down-the-hole (DTH) hammer drilling technology has been used extensively in the fields of heat reservoir exploitation and geological exploration owing to its advantages of high efficiency and low pollution. However, the vibration near the bit is up to 40 g while DTH hammer drilling, which significantly affects the performance and longevity of the near-bit measurement while drilling (MWD). To enhance the environmental adaptability of the near-bit MWD in pneumatic DTH operations, a design method for a vibration-damping system based on the parameter optimization of a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) is proposed in this study. First, the whole structure of the near-bit MWD is designed, including the MWD sub-shell, sensors, measurement circuits, batteries, and connecting structures (the circuit unit). Secondly, this study analyzes the vibration characteristics of the pneumatic DTH hammer near the bit. According to the damping structure, the vibration response model for the circuit unit and the damping model are established. Thirdly, NSGA-II is employed to optimize the parameters of the damping model in terms of the low-frequency, high-intensity vibration characteristics near the bit in pneumatic DTH operations, thereby devising a damping scheme tailored to the unique conditions of DTH hammer drilling. Finally, vibration experiments were conducted to verify the effectiveness of the vibration-damping device. The experimental results indicate that within the vibration frequency range of 5–20 Hz and vibration level of 10–40 g, the peak attenuation rate of the circuit unit is more than 86.446%, and the improvement rate of the vibration stability of the system is more than 75.214%; the anti-vibration performance of the near-bit MWD system in DTH hammer drilling is improved remarkably. This study provides strong technical support for the stability of MWD equipment under such special working conditions. It has broad engineering application prospects.

Зарубежная историография о положении женщины в англосаксонском обществе VII–XI веков

The article focuses on foreign historiography devoted to the place and role of women in Anglo-Saxonsociety of the 7th – 11thcenturies. Based on a review of the main academic publications, three successive periods are identified: the end of the 19th – 1st half of the 20th cc. – the beginning of the study of early medieval English women as subjects of history; 1950–1980s – the beginning of systematic research in this area; the turn of the 1980–1990s to our days – a significant increase in the number of publications due to the wide use of gender methodology. While in the second period medievalists demonstrated the importance of women in Anglo-Saxon society, historians of subsequent generations sought to emphasize their suppression. It is shown that despite the extensive number of special works, in modern medieval studies there is no holistic understanding of the position of women in early medieval England.

Optimization design of unmanned mining truck path tracking controller based on road adhesion coefficient estimation

Abstract In response to the issues of inaccurate tracking precision caused by continuous turning and variable road adhesion coefficients on complex roads in mining areas for unmanned mining trucks, this paper adopts unscented Kalman filter (UKF) to estimate the road adhesion coefficient. Based on this, an adaptive preview feedforward linear quadratic regulator (LQR) control algorithm is designed using genetic algorithm, feedforward control, and linear quadratic optimal path tracking control methods. Firstly, a nine degree of freedom vehicle dynamics model and a two degree of freedom vehicle lateral dynamics model are established, and the Dugoff model to calculate tire forces is introduced; secondly, utilizing UKF to estimate the road adhesion coefficient, and leveraging active disturbance rejection control for rapid tracking of road curvature, an optimized design of the LQR controller is carried out. Then, the effectiveness of the designed controller was verified through Trucksim/Simulink joint simulation testing. Finally, the hardware in the loop test results showed that the designed controller had good tracking accuracy and strong adaptability in complex road and special working conditions in mining areas.

ASSESSMENT OF THE APPLICATION OF TECHNOLOGY IN THE MANAGEMENT OF SMALL AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES (SMES)

Business technology tends to maximize the use of technology within the company to meet the demands and desires of customers. However, technology has also the potential to benefit management and business practices. Several factors influence an organization's decision to use new technology. Some of these factors are: to increase results, to improve the product, to reduce the dependence on specialized work as well as to keep up with the latest trends and developments. Technology is important because it can be a key differentiator in attracting and retaining talented employees. However, technology also has the potential for it the management and practices of businesses also benefit. The purpose of this study is to determine how the introduction of technology affects different business processes. Also, in this paper, we will try to identify the effects and advantages of the application of technology to small and medium enterprises in North Macedonia and Kosovo. Technology has revolutionized the way enterprises conduct business, enabling small businesses to catch up with larger organizations. Small businesses use a variety of technologies to develop competitive advantages in the economic marketplace as well as increase the productivity of their employees. Small and medium business owners should consider implementing technology in their planning process for easier integration and the possibility of future expansion. The results from this study suggest that SMEs may be able to increase their business capacity when innovations and technologies are applied.