Special Period Research Articles

Customer Defined Fiscal Year Variants (Example 4-4-5) & Alternative Fiscal Year Variant in S/4HANA Public Cloud Projects

We use the SZ fiscal year variant to configure our own fiscal year variant in SAP S/4HAA Public Cloud System if SAP pre-delivered fiscal year variants don't match business requirements. Example: Define an industry-specific fiscal year variant, based on the 4-4-5 rule or use 13 posting periods and 3 special periods for your fiscal year variant. The Best example is “4-4-5” calendar. This is very common in the Retail or Manufacturing Industry. Usually, the fiscal year starts on the first Sunday of the year. Each quarter is grouped into 4 weeks / 4 weeks / 5 weeks ( 4-4-5) giving quarters of nearly equal length. We have to define every fiscal year from scratch. How to do this in SAP S/4HANA Cloud?? To configure our own Fiscal year, firstwe need to set SZ as the common Fiscal year Variant within the Specify Primary Finance Settings phase of your implementation project. Then only we can configure SZ using the “Maintain Fiscal Year Variants” configuration activity (ID: 102712) in the Product-Specific Configuration phase of your implementation project.

ON THE NECESSITY OF ADOPTING THE NATIONAL PROGRAM FOR OVERCOMING THE EDUCATIONAL LOSSES AND EDUCATIONAL GAPS IN HIGHER EDUCATION

The article presents the problems of overcoming of educational losses through the prism of normative regulation and planning of the post-war development of higher education in Ukraine. It is noted that in the conditions of hostilities, the problem of moving a significant number of participants of educational process to safer regions within Ukraine and abroad has become urgent. It is noted that the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine provides regulatory and legal support for the functioning of education and science system and issues orders on the securement of safe educational environment, the organization of education, the educational process, etc., which are not regulated by law during martial law, emergency or state of emergency (special period). The article proposes the development of the National Program for Overcoming the Educational Losses and Educational Gaps, which will be effective both during the period of martial law (special period) and after its end and will provide for the improvement of legislation, the definition of the terms “educational losses” and “educational gaps”, will establish the obligation of monitoring the quality of higher education, analysis and introduction of security components for higher education, in particular in the field of distance learning and components of psychological assistance for students, teachers and staff.

Effect Of COVID-19 On College Students’ Mental Health, Sleep Quality——Moderating Role of Social Support

As a public health emergency, COVID-19 has a continuous impact that cannot be ignored. College students’ mental health and sleep quality have always been the focus of society's attention. The impact of COVID-19 on it and ways to improve it need more attention. This review searched the empirical studies of databases such as Google Scholar through the literature reading method and found that college students' mental health and sleep quality have suffered because of COVID-19. However, social support can play a protective role in it. In comparison to people with low social support, those with high social support are less likely to have mental illness and have higher sleep quality. The results in this review serve as a foundation for improving college students’ psychological and sleep problems in the future. The period of college is an important stage in the development of individual psychology and socialization. During this period, college students experience the role transition from juvenile to adult. Therefore, in this special period, society must take notice of the psychological and sleep problems of college students, and to improve them through scientific methods.

Requirements for essential micronutrients during caloric restriction and fasting.

Caloric restriction (CR) or energy restriction, when carefully designed, monitored, and implemented in self-motivated and compliant individuals, proves to be a viable non-pharmacologic strategy for human weight control and obesity management. Beyond its role in weight management, CR has the potential to impede responses involved not only in the pathogenesis of various diseases but also in the aging process in adults, thereby being proposed to promote a healthier and longer life. The core objective of implementing caloric restriction is to establish a balance between energy intake and expenditure, typically involving a reduction in intake and an increase in expenditure-a negative balance at least initially. It may transition toward and maintain a more desired equilibrium over time. However, it is essential to note that CR may lead to a proportional reduction in micronutrient intake unless corresponding supplementation is provided. Historical human case reports on CR have consistently maintained adequate intakes (AI) or recommended dietary allowances (RDA) for essential micronutrients, including vitamins and minerals. Similarly, longevity studies involving non-human primates have upheld micronutrient consumption levels comparable to control groups or baseline measures. Recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have also endorsed daily supplementation of multivitamins and minerals to meet micronutrient needs. However, aside from these human case reports, limited human trials, and primate experiments, there remains a notable gap in human research specifically addressing precise micronutrient requirements during CR. While adhering to AI or RDA for minerals and vitamins appears sensible in the current practice, it's important to recognize that these guidelines are formulated for generally healthy populations under standard circumstances. The adequacy of these guidelines in the setting of prolonged and profound negative energy balance remains unclear. From perspectives of evidence-based medicine and precision nutrition, this field necessitates comprehensive exploration to uncover the intricacies of absorption, utilization, and metabolism and the requirement of each hydrophilic and lipophilic vitamin and mineral during these special periods. Such investigations are crucial to determine whether existing daily dietary recommendations for micronutrients are quantitatively inadequate, excessive, or appropriate when energy balance remains negative over extended durations.

NATIONAL ECONOMIC RESILIENCE VULNERABILITY IN ACEH DURING SPECIAL AUTONOMY

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the vulnerability and resilience of the national economy in Aceh Province during the Special Autonomy period. Factors affecting Aceh's economic vulnerability will be carefully discussed in the context of the implementation of Special Autonomy. Theoretical Reference: This study investigates corruption practices in Aceh Province using the Fraud Triangle Theory perspective, which identifies three key factors that influence corrupt behavior: pressure, rationalization, and opportunity. The research reveals that Aceh, as an autonomous region, has complex dynamics of corruption. Method: Both internal and external pressures, including economic and political factors, drive corrupt actors to seek opportunities for personal gain. Furthermore, the rationalization of corrupt actors, such as economic dissatisfaction or loose ethical justifications, plays a crucial role in legitimizing their corrupt actions. External factors, primarily the opportunity, play a pivotal role in facilitating corruption practices in Aceh. The existence of the Aceh Special Autonomy Fund (DOKA) provides opportunities for corrupt practices, especially when strong oversight mechanisms are lacking. Results and Conclusion: This study highlights that the available opportunities influence individuals' choices in dealing with internal pressures and rationalizations, in line with the Fraud Triangle Theory. Therefore, corruption prevention and intervention efforts need to focus on reducing opportunities for individuals to engage in corrupt activities. Implication of Research: The research findings provide valuable insights into the factors influencing corruption in Aceh and serve as a basis for further efforts to mitigate corrupt practices in the region. During the Special Autonomy period, Aceh faced various economic challenges and threats, including vulnerability to changes in global economic conditions, dependence on certain economic sectors, and potential economic inequalities. These factors create economic vulnerabilities that need to be addressed. Orginality Value: This study will also discuss measures to strengthen Aceh's national economic resilience. Resilience-strengthening measures include economic diversification, human resource development, as well as increased cooperation between the government, private sector, and society. The results of this study will provide valuable insights into efforts to improve Aceh's national economic resilience during the Special Autonomy period. This information can be used as a basis for more effective and sustainable policy planning in improving Aceh's economic conditions.

The Cuban comic: from the origins of the Revolution to the Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios sobre la Historieta under a transnational network dream

Providing an in-depth analysis of Cuban comics is not easy: the materials available in the archives are scarce, as are the scientific publications on the subject. However, how do you form a critical theory about Cuban comics? Also, what happens to the genre during the economic crisis? To answer these questions it is necessary to examine the events relating to the magazines published starting from 1959 (year of the Revolution), passing through the crisis of the special period, thus arriving at the 2000s. Founded in 2001, the Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios sobre la Historieta is considered in this article to be a valid attempt to structure a link between entertainment and critical production, as well as between Cuban and international comics.

Bilateral trade between China and ASEAN countries before and during COVID‐19 using a comparative analysis

AbstractASEAN organizations play a vital role in sustaining bilateral trade between China and ASEAN countries. However, the COVID‐19 pandemic has introduced disruptions to global bilateral trade. Therefore, research should investigate the impact of ASEAN organizations on the trade between China and ASEAN nations, particularly during the pandemic. This study aims to address the effectiveness of ASEAN organizations in managing bilateral trade during the pandemic and gauging their influence. The study's sample includes nine ASEAN countries, and the data span from 2016 to 2021. The analysis uses the difference‐in‐differences model, with the parallel trend test verifying the differences between investigated variables. The results demonstrate that the influence of the ASEAN organization is significant on trade activities between China and the ASEAN member countries, positively impacting bilateral trade during the COVID‐19 period. These findings not only contribute to our understanding of bilateral trade during a special period but also offer insights for enhancing the efficacy of the ASEAN organization and governments to promote bilateral trade.

Differential response of various pollutant-meteorology factors on O3 in key regions of China: Based on multiple methods and datasets

Scientific control is urgently required to address O3 pollution in key regions of China. Therefore, based on air pollutant concentrations and meteorological datasets, the methods including distributed lag nonlinear models, Kolmogorov–Zurbenko filter and stepwise multiple linear regression (SMLR) were applied to analyze and clarify the response of pollution and meteorological factors to O3, as well as the comprehensive impact under different time dimensions in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH), Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and Chengdu-Chongqing regions (CY). Results indicate O3 concentrations in the study area fluctuated at high pollution levels. The effects of various air pollutants and meteorological factors on O3 varied among cities. Temperature is the dominant driver for O3, followed by solar radiation and relative humidity. The influence of wind vector indicates different transport sources of O3 and its precursors. Direct photochemical process based on SMLR fitting coefficient calculation is the main pathway for O3 generation, with contribution of 68.7%–93.8%. In terms of air-pollutant factors, U-shaped response between PM2.5 and O3 in all cities highlighted the interaction of the two air pollutants. The undeniable impact of NO2 on O3 is reflected in its range of effect. Meteorological adjustments led to −10.4–15.1 μg/m3 variations on O3 during 2014–2021, but performed obvious spatiotemporal differences. The changes in anthropogenic emissions deteriorated O3 pollution from 2014 to 2017, while have fluctuated effect since 2018. From the actual cases in special periods, in order to alleviate O3 pollution, it is necessary to strengthen the understanding of the synergistic contribution of meteorology and anthropogenic emissions.

Immune endotyping and gene expression profile of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps in the aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) and the non-AERD subgroups

BackgroundChronic Rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a paranasal sinus inflammatory disease and is divided into two subgroups defined as CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP). CRSwNP displays a T helper (Th)2 biased phenotype, and based on sensitivity or tolerance to aspirin or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID), is further subdivided into Aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) and non-AERD groups. Considering the challenge of diagnosis and treatment in patients with CRSwNP, particularly the AERD subtype, and the significance of endotyping in these patients, we examined the immune profile and endotyping based on gene expression analysis in the AERD and the non-AERD groups of patients with CRSwNP.Material and methodIn this study, 21 patients were enrolled and were categorized into AERD (N = 10) and non-AERD (N = 11) groups based on their sensitivity to aspirin. After the special washing period, nasal polyps were biopsied in both groups, and the infiltration of eosinophils, neutrophils, plasma cells, and lymphocytes was compared between the AERD and the non-AERD groups. Also, gene expression levels of transcription factors including Tbet, GATA3, RoRγt, and FoxP3 and inflammatory cytokines including interleukin (IL)1β, IL1RAP (IL1 receptor accessory protein), IL2, IL4, IL5, IL10, IL13, IL17, TNFα, and IFNγ were investigated by quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Statistical analyses were performed using analytical tests including Kolmogorov–Smirnov, Mann-Whitney, and T-test. A P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.ResultsThe mean ± SD age of the studied groups was 37 ± 8.7 years old (21–50) for the AERD, and 40.4 ± 7.7 years old (31–52) for the non-AERD. LMS/EPOS/SNOT scores and pulmonary function tests showed no difference between the two groups. Serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels were found to be higher in patients with AERD (p = 0.04), however, the peripheral blood counts of eosinophils were comparable in the two groups. In the histopathologic analysis, the AERD group showed higher percentages of eosinophils (p = 0.04), neutrophils (p = 0.04), and plasma cells (p = 0.04) than the non-AERD group. Additionally, the gene expression levels of GATA3 (p = 0.001), IL4 (p = 0.04), IL5 (p = 0.007), and IL17 (p = 0.03) were significantly higher in the AERD than the non-AERD groups.ConclusionHigher gene expression levels of GATA3, IL4, IL5, and IL17 were observed in the AERD group compared with the non-AERD group. These findings point to distinct patterns of inflammation in patients with AERD, with a predominance of Th2 inflammation.

Current Situation and Mental Health of Pregnant Women During the Prevention and Control of Novel Coronavirus Infection: A Cross-Sectional Study on the Investigation of Influencing Factors.

COVID-19 is a highly contagious respiratory infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which became a global public health crisis. In the past 3 years, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a dramatic increase in the occurrence of psychological symptoms such as depression, anxiety, and stress in global populations. Therefore, it is important to help pregnant women cope with major public emergencies and improve their physical and mental health. To investigate the status and influencing factors of anxiety, insomnia, and psychological stress disorder in pregnant women with COVID-19 to provide a theoretical basis for psychological intervention in pregnant women in the case of public health emergency events. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 435 pregnant women from multiple tertiary hospitals in Zhengzhou from November 6 to December 6, 2022. The questionnaire contents included the general information of pregnant women, insomnia scale, generalized anxiety scale, and the revised version of the Accident Impact Scale. There are 251 pregnant women with anxiety (57.7%, 95% CI: (53.0%-62.4%).There are 166 pregnant women with insomnia.(38.2%, 95% CI: 33.6%-42.7%), There are 314 pregnant women with stress disorder.(72.2%, 95% CI: 68.0%-76.4%). During the epidemic prevention and control period, whether pregnant women had a history of adverse pregnancy had a statistically significant difference in anxiety, insomnia and stress disorders. During the COVID-19 pandemic, pregnant women appeared to generally have anxiety, insomnia, and stress disorders. Poor pregnancy history is a protective factor for pregnant women with anxiety, insomnia, and post-traumatic stress disorder. In the case of similar public health emergencies, attention bias modification (ABM) may be a potential intervention measure to provide potentially new ideas for alleviating the psychological disorders of pregnant women during this special period.

Safe Haven Currency Attribute of RMB

With the continuous progress of RMB internationalization, RMB has shown the attribute of safe haven currency. This paper discusses the exhibition of RMBs attribute of safe haven currency and the causes behind it in some special risk aversion periods recently by comparing RMB with other major currencies. The process of RMB internationalization has an important impact on the exhibition of RMBs attribute of safe haven currency. Although convertibility and high liquidity are necessary conditions for a safe haven currency, we also see that in some special circumstances, proper control is helpful for enhancing the safe haven currency attribute of RMB.

Associations of COVID-19 lockdown with birth weight in China.

During the special period of the global spread of COVID-19, pregnant women are sensitive groups to the impacts of COVID-19 epidemic. However, the effects of lockdown measures implemented in response to the COVID-19 on fetal birthweight remain unclear. This study investigated the associations of COVID-19 lockdown with birth weight in Chinese population. We collected 730,153 data of participants from hospitals of five cities in the south of China, we defined the time period of level I response (1/23-2/24/2020) as level I lockdown, and women who were pregnant during level I lockdown as the exposure group. Women who were pregnant during the same calendar month from 2015 to 2019 were defined as the unexposed group. We quantitatively estimate the individual cumulative exposure dose by giving different weights to days with different emergency response levels. Generalized linear regression models were used to estimate the association between COVID-19 lockdown exposure with birth weight and risk of low birth weight (<2,500 g) and macrosomia (>4,000 g). The birth weight of the exposed group is heavier than the unexposed group (3,238.52 vs. 3,224.11 g: adjusted β = 24.39 g [95% CI: 21.88, 26.91 g]). The exposed group had a higher risk of macrosomia (2.8% vs. 2.6%; adjusted OR = 1.17 [95% CI: 1.12, 1.22]). More obvious associations were found between COVID-19 lockdown and macrosomia in women who experienced the lockdown in their early pregnancy. Women who experienced the lockdown at their 4-7 weeks of pregnancy showed statistically significant heavier birth weight than unexposed group (after adjustment): β = 1.28 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.46) g. We also observed a positive association between cumulative exposure dose of COVID-19 lockdown in all pregnant women and birth weight, after divided into four groups, Q1: β = 32.95 (95% CI: 28.16, 37.75) g; Q2: β = 18.88 (95% CI: 14.12, 23.64) g; Q3: β = 19.50 (95% CI: 14.73, 24.28) g; Q4: β = 21.82 (95% CI: 17.08, 26.56) g. However, there was no statistically significant difference in the risk of low birth weight between exposed and unexposed groups. The COVID-19 lockdown measures were associated with a heavier birth weight and a higher risk of macrosomia. Early pregnancy periods may be a more susceptible exposure window for a heavier birth weight and a higher risk of macrosomia. We also observed a positive association between cumulative exposure dose of COVID-19 lockdown and birth weight. The government and health institutions should pay attention to the long-term health of the infants born during the COVID-19 lockdown period, and follow up these mothers and infants is necessary.

Time-Series Analysis and Forecasting of S&amp;P500 Index Based on ARIMA and ETS Model

The study embarks on an insightful journey into the world of stock indices through the deeper understanding of time series analysis application, especially during the special period of oil price volatility. The goal of this paper is to utilize sophisticated statistical models, including Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) and Exponential Smoothing (ETS), to extract meaningful information from historical stock index data of S&amp;P500 by Yahoo Finance, enhancing predictive accuracy and operating forecasts to inform strategic decision-making. In addition to the prediction results, the study also compares the forecasts of the two models through some values, and concludes that the prediction effect of the ARIMA model is better than that of the ETS model. The reason behind this result has a lot to do with the processing of the data itself and the fit of the models. For S&amp;P500 during the period of the study, the ARIMA model’s prediction result is better. The insights derived from this analysis are expected to empower investors, researchers, and market analysts with a deeper understanding of the stock index’s past behavior and its implications for future performance.

Construction of the Framework of a Prediagnostic Risk Assessment System for Outpatient Dental Care

To establish the framework of a prediagnostic risk assessment system for outpatient dental care and to provide references for ensuring patient safety and improving the quality of medical services. A total of 15 medical workers in a tertiary-care stomatology hospital in Sichuan Province were selected for qualitative interviews between October 2019 and December 2019. On the basis of the results of literature analysis and the interviews, an expert consultation form for prediagnostic risk assessment system for outpatient dental care was developed. Then, consultation of 10 experts in the field of oral health care and nursing was conducted between June 2020 and December 2020. Eventually, the framework of prediagnostic risk assessment system for outpatient dental care was formulated. Four themes emerged from the qualitative interviews. Firstly, prediagnostic risks of dental outpatients involved mainly syncope, cardiovascular emergencies, and other emergency medical risks. Secondly, medical risks came from three sources, patients, healthcare professionals, and the environment. Thirdly, medical professionals of outpatient dental care had limited awareness of the prediagnostic medical risks of patient. Fourthly, medical professionals of outpatient dental care showed inadequate response to and management of the prediagnostic medical risks of patient. The expert consultation helped finalize the Dental Outpatient Prediagnostic Risk Assessment Questionnaire, which included 3 primary indicators (namely, general information, medical history [including history of allergy], and medication assessment), 12 secondary indicators (including patient demographics, patients' status upon admission, oral hygiene habits and special lifestyle habits, sensory disorders, special periods for female patients [ie, menstruation, pregnancy, and breastfeeding], allergy history [history of oral treatment-related allergies], past/present medical history, types of medication, route of medication administration, duration of medication administration, accuracy of medication administration, and adverse drug reactions), and 39 tertiary indicators. The effective recall rate of the expert consultation form was 100%, expert positivity was 100%, and the authority coefficient was 0.83. Kendall's harmony coefficient ranged from 0.808 to 0.839, which was statistically significant (P<0.001). The framework of prediagnosis risk assessment system for outpatient dental care is found to be scientific and specific, but its applicability still needs further validation in clinical practice.

Teacher’s Boundary Crossing for Continuing Professional Development During the Covid-19 Through the Lens of Cultural-Historical Activity Theory: A Case Study of a Novice Chinese Language Teacher in a UK School

Teacher continuing professional development (CPD) is almost always on the top of educational agendas in any country of the world. While existing studies primarily emphasize effective CPD programmes, this qualitative research seeks to deepen our understanding by examining the nuanced interplay of teacher’s unique working contexts, historical backgrounds, and social influences within the CPD landscape. To investigate the strong shocks resulted from the special period of time – the Covid-19 pandemic – to teachers and the approaches to accommodate the issues on the basis of the workplace, this qualitative study adopts a longitudinal, single case design to examine a Chinese language teacher’s boundary crossing in CPD during the period of the Covid-19 pandemic. Data was collected over a period of seven months, from the beginning of January 2023, the time of the COVID-19 pandemic to the end of July 2023, students returning to school. Guided by boundary crossing and Cultural Historical Activity Theory (CHAT) theoretical frameworks, this study suggests that the teacher employed a variety of CPD tools which supplemented and interconnected for different CPD objectives. CHAT conceptualize the complexity and the dynamic nature of CPD and contextulize the trajectory of boundary crossing. By employing a nuanced and comprehensive approach, this study contributes to the ongoing discourse on teacher CPD, recognizing the complexities of teacher CPD and the intricate interplay of contextual factors that shape teachers’ professional development trajectories.

Psychological status and related factors of resident physicians during the release of COVID-19 pandemic restrictions in China.

Resident physicians at the standardized training stage had undergone significant physical and mental stress during the release of the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions at the end of 2022 in China. This study aimed to investigate the psychological status (including anxiety, depression, somatic symptoms, job burnout, and vicarious trauma) of resident physicians and identify its influencing factors under these special periods. Survey was conducted one month after the release of the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions on resident training physicians from a tertiary first-class hospital in Zhejiang, China. Resident physicians completed the psychological status questionnaire. Chi-square tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, and logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the group differences and variable associations. The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and somatic discomfort in this study was 20.88, 28.53, and 41.47%, respectively. Female resident physicians were more likely to experience somatic symptoms [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 2.36, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.33-4.18]. Resident physicians with problem-focused coping styles were less prone to psychological health issues [depression (adjusted OR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.88-0.96), anxiety (adjusted OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90-0.98), somatic symptoms (adjusted OR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.89-0.97), job burnout (adjusted OR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.87-0.96) and vicarious trauma (adjusted OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.90-0.98)]. Inversely, resident physicians with emotion-focused coping styles and experienced negative life events were more prone to psychological health issues. Resident training physicians had a high risk of anxiety, depression, and somatic symptoms under the special COVID-19 pandemic restriction release period. Females, with lower training stages, degrees, negative life events, and emotion-focused coping styles had a disadvantaged effect on psychological status. The medical teaching management department needs to monitor and reduce the workload and working hours of resident physicians, ensure sufficient sleep time, and pay attention to the psychological status of resident physicians. By strengthening regular communication and mental health education or intervention, which can help them improve their ability to cope with complex tasks.

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The relevance of the issue of researching the methodological foundations for studying the problems of critical infrastructure protection is determined. An expert survey was conducted on current problematic issues in the field of critical infrastructure protection in Ukraine. The necessity of developing models for responding to threats to critical infrastructure facilities in different conditions: in a special period and in peacetime is proved. Based on the results of the expert survey, proposals for improving the security of critical infrastructure facilities are formulated. The role and place of the National Guard of Ukraine in the performance of tasks related to the protection of critical infrastructure is defined.

ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ПРОДОВОЛЬЧОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ НАДЗВИЧАЙНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ

The article is exsimined to the definition of conceptual issues in the direction of the war impact diagnosing on the state of national food security and the international trade development, as well as the identification of prospects for ensuring the national food security of Ukraine in the conditions of active military operations. A significant number of works by well-known scientists in the field of state regulation of ensuring the appropriate level of food security have been developed and researched, in particular: state food programs and tools for ensuring the agrarian sector functioning and development, laws, regulatory acts and other documents. It was determined that as a result of armed aggression in the agro-industrial complex, part of the production potential was lost both in the field of direct production of agricultural products and in the field of its processing, stable product promotion chains were partially or completely destroyed. In the article have been identified the key and significant consequences of armed aggression, which directly and indirectly affect the provision of food security in the country in today's conditions. It is declared that armed aggression has become a global challenge for food security not only for our country, but also for the whole world and may cause political instability in other countries in the future. The main indicators of the Global Food Security Index were evaluated at the national level, namely: economic availability, physical availability, sustainability and adaptability, food quality and safety factor. The key problematic aspects of the functioning of the agro-industrial complex, which arose as a result of armed aggression on the territory of Ukraine, were identified. It was diagnosed that in the field of international legal regulation of world food security issues, no measures have been developed at all, which would contribute to the prevention of threats in this field of interstate trade relations. The world practices of independent search for solving problems’ mechanisms that arose in connection with the aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine were studied in the direction of taking into account the main principles and methods of international law regarding the development of effective measures to stop the Russian Federation from its illegal behavior. Argued proposals are given regarding the urgency of solving the tasks of reforming the system of state reserves, intended to meet the needs of Ukraine in a special period, strategic needs and providing humanitarian aid in the direction of an effectively functioning system formation of state reserves in the conditions of ensuring the country's food security in the long run.

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On the basis of the conducted analysis, a conclusion is made about the proper normalization of the activities of the intelligence units of the National Guard of Ukraine in a special period (including during the period of martial law). During this period, units of the National Guard of Ukraine may be involved by the Main Intelligence Directorate of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine to perform military intelligence tasks and functions. In this case, the intelligence agency is the initiator of the intelligence activities, and units of the National Guard of Ukraine can conduct military intelligence at the tactical level on their own initiative. Giving the National Guard of Ukraine the powers of an intelligence agency in peacetime seems impractical, and the key to effective intelligence support during this period is to improve interaction with intelligence agencies and ways to exchange intelligence information.

Trends in China’s pharmaceutical market during the COVID-19 epidemic

The COVID-19 epidemic has had a significant impact on the Chinese pharmaceutical market, leading to substantial changes in demand, production, supply, and market size. This study aims to analyze the impact on the Chinese pharmaceutical market by examining the evolving market trends during the COVID-19 epidemic. Through relevant literature and data, the following conclusions are drawn: the Chinese pharmaceutical market has undergone significant changes in demand, production, supply, price, and scale due to the epidemic. These factors not only posed considerable challenges to the Chinese pharmaceutical market during the epidemic, prompting the government and enterprises to implement a series of policies to overcome these difficulties, but also presented opportunities and challenges for the development of the Chinese pharmaceutical market. Based on the above analyses, this paper proposes some innovations and suggestions, for example the government should put forward some policies to manage market price fluctuations in some special period, and the state should also cultivate and introduce more innovative talents to help the country innovate in science and technology.