Spatial Concepts Research Articles

COMMUNITY SYMPATHY-BASED SLUM SANITATION PLANNING CONCEPT IN BATU BARA DISTRICT, NORTH SUMATERA, INDONESIA

ABSTRACT Slums in the Tanjung Tiram area of Batu Bara Regency are caused by high and uneven population density, limited habitable land and low awareness of environmental conservation among residents. This results in poor environmental sanitation and potentially affects environmental sustainability. The local government is trying to improve this situation through slum upgrading and community empowerment programs. Objectives: This study aims to examine community sympathy for the spatial concept and environmental sanitation improvement programs in Tanjung Tiram neighborhood, as well as the factors that influence it. Methodology and Results: The research method was qualitative with a rationalist approach. The study began with literature analysis and continued with field studies to describe community sympathy in sanitation management, identify patterns of behavior change, and analyze the factors that influence it. Conclusion, Significance, and Implication: The results highlight that the community demonstrated empathy through responsibility and mutual concern for the interests of others, such as involvement in the sanitation improvement process from preparation to monitoring in terms of toilet and bathroom use. Community motivation comes from cadre interventions that provide understanding, increase empathy and responsibility, and strengthen community motivation in sanitation management. Community cooperation and awareness must be increased through community empowerment programs.

Math Talk to Infants During Everyday Home Activities: Contextual Cues to Words About Number, Space, and Magnitude

ABSTRACT Infants begin to produce abstract “math” words – such as numbers (e.g., “two”), spatial terms (e.g., “down”), and magnitude words (e.g., “more”) – during their second postnatal year. Math words, as all words, are likely learned in the home setting during interactions with caregivers. However, everyday early exposure to math talk is understudied. What referents and social cues accompany caregivers’ math-related speech to infants? We examined U.S. infants’ (25 girls, 25 boys; ages 13 to 23 months; 60% white non-Latine) exposure to math words at home during everyday activities with their mothers. We documented three types of math words/phrases (i.e., number, spatial, and magnitude words), their referents (e.g., images in books), and the social cues that accompanied math talk (e.g., gestures). Math words appeared in 15% of mothers’ utterances (13,000+ math utterances in aggregate), increased with child age, mostly specified spatial concepts (e.g., location and direction), and tended to refer to objects and actions in the environment that were relevant to the child, such as toys, books, and the child’s body and behaviors. Social cues accompanied mothers’ math talk about half the time. Notably, certain types of referents and social cues aligned with specific types of math talk (e.g., manual gestures such as points accompanied talk about spatial features such as shapes). In the everyday home environment, infants experience frequent and varied math words, across a variety of activities, in the presence of salient social and contextual cues.

Drawing as a window to emotion with insights from tech-transformed participant images

This study delves into expressing primary emotions anger, happiness, sadness, and fear through drawings. Moving beyond the well-researched color-emotion link, it explores under-examined aspects like spatial concepts and drawing styles. Employing Python and OpenCV for objective analysis, we make a breakthrough by converting subjective perceptions into measurable data through 728 digital images from 182 university students. For the prominent color chosen for each emotion, the majority of participants chose red for anger (73.11%), yellow for happiness (17.8%), blue for sadness (51.1%), and black for fear (40.7%). Happiness led with the highest saturation (68.52%) and brightness (75.44%) percentages, while fear recorded the lowest in both categories (47.33% saturation, 48.78% brightness). Fear, however, topped in color fill percentage (35.49%), with happiness at the lowest (25.14%). Tangible imagery prevailed (71.43–83.52%), with abstract styles peaking in fear representations (28.57%). Facial expressions were a common element (41.76–49.45%). The study achieved an 81.3% predictive accuracy for anger, higher than the 71.3% overall average. Future research can build on these results by improving technological methods to quantify more aspects of drawing content. Investigating a more comprehensive array of emotions and examining factors influencing emotional drawing styles will further our understanding of visual-emotional communication.

One-shot measurement of birefringence by radial analysis

Due to complexity and bulky configuration of conventionally mechanical rotation approaches, a more convenient approach is to measure the birefringence effect (phase retardation and fast axis) by nano-fabricated spatial devices. Previous literature introduced radially-polarized illumination and eliminated the need for rotation mechanics in the illumination optics but still required rotation devices in the analyzer part. This work aims to achieve a compact and one-shot birefringence measurement by introducing spatial concepts in both the modulator and analyzer. By proposing a novel birefringence measurement by the combination of radial illumination and radial analyzer, this work is the first time to integrate no-mechanical motion and one-shot birefringence measurement in a single light path. What’s more, we are the first to introduce Fourier analysis in birefringence measurement, replacing the previous average intensity calculation, which is easily influenced by light source fluctuations. Based on our one-shot & non-mechanical measurement design and Fourier analysis algorithm, our birefringence measurement achieved very stable phase retardation measurement (standard deviation < 0.3°) and high accuracy fast axis measurement (average absolute error < 0.04°).

Investigation of Mathematics Teachers' Spatial Habits of Mind in the Context of Brain Dominance Status

In this study, it is aimed to determine the spatial habits of the mind of mathematics teachers and to examine these habits in the context of teachers' brain dominance. The quantitative research method and the relational survey model were used within the scope of this method. The participants of the study consist of 124 mathematics teachers. The spatial habits of the mind scale and the brain dominance inventory were used as data collection tools. Since the data showed normal distribution, parametric tests were used. Descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) were applied. It has been observed that the spatial habits of the mind of the mathematics teachers are at a high level and the majority of them tend to use the left brain. While the scores of spatial habits of mind, visualization and spatial concept usage sub-dimensions differed according to brain dominance levels, it was determined that they did not differ in terms of both sub-dimensions and total scores according to the brain dominance group. While the scores of mathematics teachers on spatial habits of mind differed according to the type of faculty graduated, years of study, taking geometry courses during undergraduate/graduate education, it did not differ according to gender and postgraduate education status.

Expressing the Spatial Concepts of Interior Spaces in Residential Buildings of Huizhou, China: Narrative Methods of Wood-Carving Imagery

Expressing the Spatial Concepts of Interior Spaces in Residential Buildings of Huizhou, China: Narrative Methods of Wood-Carving Imagery

Development of cultural spatial concepts for the preservation of local culture and the environment in the ecotourism area of Tamansari Village

Areas designated as strategic tourism areas are those where tourism serves as the primary industry or has the potential to do so, as well as has a significant impact on one or more factors, such as the development of the economy, society, and culture, as well as the preservation of natural resources, the ability of the environment to support human habitation, and defense and security, through putting into practice the idea of ecotourism development, which is responsible tourism to natural areas that promote environmental preservation and enhances the well-being of locals. With a focus on local wisdom and a microcosm of Sundanese culture connected to Tamansari Village, the concept plan for developing the village's tourism areas combines ecotourism and local wisdom.

Spatial issues in social work education in Chile: curriculum analysis of universities and professional institutes

ABSTRACT In response to the growing use of spatial concepts in social work, this article addresses their incorporation in the curriculum of undergraduate programmes and the differences among diverse types of higher education institutions. The aims were 1) to identify how spatial issues are incorporated in social work curriculums in Chile and 2) to compare how this incorporation is made in social work programmes in different higher education institutions. The method was a quantitative and descriptive analysis of the curricula of the totality of the programmes in the country (N = 45). We defined 11 concepts to search: community, spatial concepts (territory, environment, place, space), spatial phenomena (city, rural, housing), and social concepts associated with spatial issues (networks, poverty, citizenship). The results show that community is the most relevant concept. Nevertheless, when viewed collectively, spatial concepts hold similar significance. However, there are noticeable differences in how different higher education institutions use spatial concepts. Professional institutes often overlook spatial concerns compared to universities. We recommend regulating social work education to incorporate a minimum curriculum that addresses these issues. Further research is needed to evaluate course content, references, and scientific publications in Chilean social work.

“EMPLACED” WASTE: A CONTENT ANALYSIS OF FOOD WASTE HOUSEHOLD SURVEYS

ABSTRACT Waste materials are ontologically inseparable from the context of their production. While much early food waste research has focused on quantification and consumer psychology, researchers in a range of disciplines would now benefit from alternate frameworks in which to spatialize the chimerical matter of food waste. To suggest generative paths for the future of food waste research, this study investigates spatial concepts already engaged in “emplaced” household food waste surveys published between 2012 and 2022. Surveys administered within defined geographic areas are considered emplaced. Sixty-eight relevant papers were identified in a systematic literature review. Resulting themes, including regional memberships, questions of scale and synecdoche, qualities of place, food cultures resulting from specific socio-spatial arrangements, and temporal consequences for organic matter, were structured according to Massey’s 2005 spatial provocations and propose fruitful directions for geographers to continue advancing the study of food waste.

Konsep Desain Taman Lingkungan Berbasis Partisipasi Masyarakat di Kelurahan Tanah Baru Kecamatan Bogor Utara

Residential in RT 06/RW03 Kelurahan Tanah Baru has a green open space with an area of +1,012 m2. The current condition of the green open space is not well organized and has no design so the site becomes shrubs and some corners of the green open space become. garbage dump. The problem is that there is no clear concept in the arrangement of green open spaces, which can be used as a guide by RT06/RW03 officials and residents in developing green open spaces in the future. The aims of this study were: 1) to identify the needs and desires of residents in designing neighborhood parks; 2) to analyze the site of the neighborhood park 3) to develop neighborhood park design concepts. Analysis using descriptive statistics, site analysis, and the design concept using Permaculture. The community's desire for the function of green open space is as a productive garden, sport, recreation, gathering, and education. The spatial concept consists of welcoming areas, production zones, reuse and service zones, and Social zones. The concept of circulation on the site uses two circulation patterns, namely radial and linear patterns which have achieved effectiveness. The main concept of vegetation management is the production function which includes annual crops, pulses, medicinal plants, and flowering plants that function as edible flowers. The results of the neighborhood park design, make the park sustainable and multifunctional, as: ecological function, Social function, economical functional, and aesthetical function.&#x0D;

Evaluation of Residential Density of Single-Family Housing in Erbil Housing/Investment Projects

Density, as a spatial concept, can be used to predict and manage how land is used. It also plays a role in determining how much capacity is present within a given area. Due to the rapidly growing population in the Kurdistan region, one of the major issues is housing. Over the past ten years, the Kurdistan Investment Board has started the construction of numerous residential complexes by investor companies. This study's objective is to evaluate the housing projects carried out by the investor sector to assess the population and housing density and land use balance evaluate the relation of green area with neighbourhood components. For the current study, five residential complexes were invested in (Zeitun city, Italian I village, Global city, Aynda II, Andazyaran city). Since the data are numerical, the applied methodology is quantitative. According to the findings, the net population density of Andazyaran city is higher than the Iraqi standard however the gross population density of Andazyaran city is over moderate levels of single-family housing standards. Gross accommodation density is showing same problems including Aynda II, While Zeitun City's land use balance is below average, Global City and Aynda II are in line with Iraqi standards. Indicators show low commitments regarding density parameters of more than one third of cases to updated housing standards.

Pre-design analyses of the mutual relationship and location of multi-family buildings using the example of the architectural and spatial concept at Długosza 22a in Warsaw

When designing multi-family buildings on plots that have not yet been developed, an important element is their location and its careful preparation. Pre-design analyses allow for the simulation of various solutions in order to select the most advantageous location of individual volumes and accompanying spaces. Appropriate arrangement of architecture and other land development functions helps to meet a number of formal and legal requirements, but also provides an opportunity for effective and comfortable living in a future multi-family development. The aim of the study is to show the possibilities offered by pre-design analyses in terms of sunlight and the organisation of space between buildings. Another goal is to outline the benefits of performing such analyses. Thanks to them, it is possible to use compromise in design solutions when it turns out that individual variants of a building location have better or worse properties, or certain conditions are mutually exclusive. The results were presented in the form of variants, presenting various land development solutions and relating directly to the previously conducted analyses. The analyses presented in the article allow for precise formulation of conclusions, and their selection is justified by the possibility of transparent and graphical interpretation of the algorithms performed during design.

Vom Heiligen Land Tirol. Sakrales Bauen und die Berge

The extreme mountain landscape and its potential dangers were one of the reasons for the high number of sacred buildings in the Alpine region. Tyroleans have long called their region the Holy land of Tyrol, due to the many churches, chapels, monasteries, wayside shrines and crucifixes in the region, among other reasons. How was the unique religiosity of Alpine inhabitants expressed in their buildings? Is it expressed differently than in the famous church buildings of European cities? It seems that the motives for erecting sacred buildings and monuments in mountain regions are to be weighted differently and that, in addition to their primary religious function, these structures fulfilled different tasks for the population at different times. While contemplative spatial concepts were and still are at the forefront of architectural thought, earlier buildings were primarily vessels for relics, images and statues. The motive lay in conjuring up and invoking the help of God and the patron saints. Thus, while historical buildings were seen more as places of practiced rituals – to receive help from the difficulties of everyday life – the individualistic interest in contemplative places has gained momentum in modern times. The sheer number of these different typologies of structures in a wide variety of social locations is unique to Tyrol, making it easy to identify social and societal conditions in different historical periods.

An Exploration of Space and Time Metaphorical Expressions in Chinese and Italian

The research constitutes an initial examination of metaphorical expressions associated with temporal and spatial concepts in both the Chinese and Italian languages. Recognizing the profound influence of metaphor on cognitive constructs and linguistic representation, the study adopts a comparative analytical approach to uncover the metaphorical dimensions inherent in expressions related to time and space within these distinct linguistic frameworks. Through the examination of lexical and syntactic elements in both languages, the research aims to elucidate the subtle nuances and cultural variations that characterize the metaphorical richness of temporal and spatial discourse. By comparing Chinese and Italian linguistic structures, the study seeks to reveal commonalities and divergences in the metaphorical strategies used to express concepts related to space and time in these two languages. This comparative exploration not only contributes to a deeper understanding of the metaphorical nature embedded in Chinese and Italian discourse but also sheds light on the cultural and cognitive dimensions that shape these linguistic expressions. The findings of the study serve as a foundational exploration, paving the way for future in-depth investigations into the intricate interplay between language, metaphor, and cognition within the realms of temporal and spatial concepts in both the Chinese and Italian linguistic contexts.

PERSONAL VALUES, ATTITUDES AND INTERESTS AS PREDICTORS OF THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF IP LEARNERS: BASES FOR A PROPOSED FOSTERING YIELD IN EDUCATION PROGRAM

This study aimed to find out whether the personal values, attitudes, and interests of Indigenous People learners enrolled in Badtasan Elementary School influenced their academic performance. The respondents of this study were 92 learners from Grade 4, 5, and 6. A quantitative study utilizing a descriptive-correlational research methodology was employed in this study. Based on the study's findings, the following conclusions were drawn: first, the common personal values of Grade 4, 5, and 6 IP learners were high. Second, the common attitudes of Grade 4 and 6 IP learners were high in terms of school environment, learning, socialization, and family relationship while the common attitudes of Grade 5 IP learners were high in terms of school environment, learning, and family relationship, while moderately high in terms of socialization. Third, the level of interest of Grade 4 IP learners was very high in terms of technology, high in terms of logic, leadership, music, bodily kinesthesia, and naturalistic recognition, while moderately high in terms of language and spatial concept. The level of interest of Grade 5 and 6 IP learners was high in terms of language, logic, leadership, music, spatial concept, bodily kinesthesia, naturalistic recognition, and technology.&lt;p&gt; &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt; Article visualizations:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;img src="/-counters-/lit/0758/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

The Study of Settlement Preservation Pattern for Environmental Sustainability in Canggu Village, Badung Regency, Bali Province

Canggu is one of the settlements Village in the southern coastal community in Bali which is currently experiencing very rapid tourism development. This village has a relatively flat topographic condition, as well as being one of the areas of Majapahit descent. The rapid development of tourist accommodation that currently occurs in Canggu, has an impact on the high conversion of land use, and the disruption of local community settlements. Seeing this fact, it is considered necessary to make an evaluation study on the development of spatial planning which will later be used as input in determining spatial land use control policies in Canggu Village. This research uses qualitative methods, case studies using field observation techniques and interviews, which are then compared with literature reviews in the form of regional spatial policy studies and relevant theories. The analysis was conducted on the residential area of Canggu Village, which aimed to determine the main causes of land use change and displacement of local community settlements. From the results of the analysis, which is then compared with literature studies, it is expected to be able to find a solution to preserve the urgency of local community settlements. The results of the analysis show that the implementation of spatial concepts sourced from culture is more respected by the community compared to local government policies. The hulu-teben concept as the basis for the preservation of settlement spatial values derived from the Tri Hita Karana cultural philosophy, is considered very effective and feared by the community because it is related to social sanctions that must be borne by the community, which are outlined in pararem.

Research on Spatial Concept Transfer - the Order of Adverbial Clauses of Time from Chinese English Learners at Different Educational Levels

The research on spatial concept transfer as a cognitive paradigm of language transfer aims to explain the factors that learners may encounter in second language acquisition (SLA) and promote the development of SLA. This research uses a corpus-based approach to reveal the features of English learners’ distribution of inflectional order in When, While, and Once-led adverbial clauses of time at different levels of education and to validate the theoretical framework of spatial concept transfer.

Mental imagery scaffolding: The effects of detail richness and text load on geography learning

The growing importance of 3D animations in current teaching approaches becomes increasingly apparent, offering an effective way to visualize complex spatial concepts and processes in geography learning through outstanding visual representation and details. However, the effects of detail richness and text load of 3D animation on learning about processes remain unclear. Addressing this research gap, the present study adopts a quasi-experimental design involving four classes (n = 106) in the context of a geography lesson and evaluates four conditions in a 2 × 2 between-subjects design consisting of detail richness (high vs. low) and text load (high vs. low). The lessons on the rotation and revolution of the Earth were delivered by the same instructor across all conditions. Knowledge acquisition, cognitive load, learning experience, and emotions of students were measured. The results revealed that students were significantly better able to acquire knowledge immediately when exposed to the high detailed visuals but low text load condition. Low detail richness and high text load independently resulted in increased cognitive load. We also observed a significant effect of detail richness on the dimensions of pleasure and arousal, with higher levels of details associated with larger values in these dimensions. This research suggests that when the learning objective necessitates the engagement of mental imagery, incorporating detailed visuals can facilitate learning. The findings contribute to our understanding of how detailed imagery is linked to learning objectives about processes and expand our knowledge regarding the design of detail richness and text of 3D animation in the context of geography learning.

Spatial Concepts within Syntactic Structures: The Topology-Imagery Hypothesis

The aim of this study is the creation and implementation of a groundbreaking syntactic structure typology, anchored in fundamental cognitive processes. This involves an in-depth classification and analysis of a variety of sentence types, integrating imagistic and spatial categories. This methodology promotes an in-depth comparative analysis, facilitating the discovery of distinctive syntactic features among the languages examined. The research is dedicated to a thorough exploration of sentence structure's topological aspects, scrutinizing the configuration and interplay of linguistic elements. It places particular emphasis on sentences within three diverse linguistic frameworks: Russian, Chinese, and English, thus enabling a comprehensive analysis and the identification of both cross-linguistic similarities and distinctions. This research adopts a multifaceted approach, combining theoretical analysis with comparative study. Such integration of methodologies allows for a nuanced comparison of sentence structures and their semantic roles in Russian, Chinese, and English, highlighting linguistic and cultural differences between these languages. The novelty of this study lies in the cognitive approach to sentence structure analysis and the development of a classification based on three cognitive models: (i) a single main container, (ii) dual main containers without a defined trajectory, and (iii) multiple main containers with distinct trajectories. A key principle of this classification is the integration of topological and imagery elements, underscoring the diversity of syntactic structures against a backdrop of a unified cognitive base, shaped by cultural and linguistic specifics. The findings reveal that sentences in Russian, English, and Chinese exhibit both shared and unique syntactic characteristics, reflecting cultural-cognitive differences, including the Chinese cultural concept of harmonizing opposites, the Russian cultural notion of segmenting the whole into parts, and the English cultural stance situated between these extremes.

Tata Ruang Rumah Ideal dalam Novel Teka-Teki Rumah Aneh Karya Uketsu

Houses, serving as spaces for human interaction and socialization, require meticulous design to create environments that provide protection and comfort. This research focuses on spatial layout within homes as a critical factor influencing functionality, aesthetics, and inhabitant health, referencing Uketsu's novel "Teka-Teki Rumah Aneh." Employing hermeneutics and semiotics as text analysis methods, the study aims to unveil hidden meanings. Hermeneutics utilizes three main approaches, while semiotics concentrates on signs within objects, enabling a holistic and in-depth understanding of the text's context. The research emphasizes the division of spatial characteristics and efficiency in room utilization, indicating that building layouts may not entirely align with ideal spatial concepts. The significance of efficient placement of walls and doors, along with the integration of elements such as windows, is highlighted to create floor plans more in line with the ideal spatial concepts for homes. The research findings assert that the arrangement of living spaces should ideally blend practical functionality with appealing aesthetics, giving top priority to the comfort and health of the inhabitants.