Socio-economic Implications Research Articles

Spur of the moment: the unintended consequences of excessive food purchases and food waste during Ramadan

PurposeFood waste, a global conundrum with adverse socioeconomic and environmental implications, occurs when more money is spent on food during occasions akin to Ramadan. This study examines the moderating role of antecedents (festive experience, nostalgic food memory, perceived scarcity, and religiosity) to understand the impacts of excessive food buying on Ramadan food waste.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional survey was performed with a self-administered questionnaire using Google Forms to gather data on social media. Notably, 349 valid responses were analysed via Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) with SmartPLS 4 for model development and hypothesis testing.FindingsFestive experience, nostalgic memory, and perceived food scarcity could explain excessive buying behaviour. In this vein, excessive food buying contributed to Ramadan food waste. Meanwhile, religiosity was found to moderate excessive food-buying behaviour.Practical implicationsThe empirical findings offered useful insights for practitioners and policymakers to implement optimal marketing strategies and interventions that improve responsible consumption and minimise food waste.Originality/valueThis study provided a sound understanding of consumer buying behaviour during Ramadan regarding food waste and overconsumption. The current work delineated the role of descriptive, injunctive norms and cognitive dissonance in shaping buying behaviour during Ramadan.

The Interplay of Tobacco Farming and Tobacco Control: Exploring Socioeconomic and Health Dynamics in Malawi

ABSTRACTTobacco farming and tobacco control are closely inter‐related issues, particularly in developing countries that are heavily reliant on tobacco farming like Malawi. This commentary explores the relationship among tobacco farming, economic sustainability, and public health, focusing on the context of Malawi as one of the major tobacco producers in Africa. Malawi's economy is significantly dependent on tobacco farming, yet the country also struggles with smoking‐related health risks, creating a dilemma between socioeconomic and public health considerations. The commentary highlights the lack of empirical evidence regarding the socioeconomic implications of tobacco control measures on tobacco farming in the country. Moreover, despite the country's economic dependence on tobacco farming, a majority of cigarettes consumed domestically are imported, demonstrating the complexity of Malawi's tobacco industry. On public health implications, the article highlights the disease and death burden that is a result of tobacco smoking, underscoring the need for tobacco control measures. The article further draws insights from tobacco end‐game strategies in other countries and proposes a comprehensive approach to tobacco control. However, the article notes Malawi's limited financial resources and healthcare infrastructure to implement traditional tobacco control measures and highlights an emphasis on tobacco harm reduction, a third pillar of the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. The article also advocates for an emphasis on alternative livelihood opportunities for smallholder tobacco farmers in Malawi.

NAVIGATING GLOBAL COMMERCE: AN IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS OF INDIA’S TRADE RELATION :

In today's era of unprecedented globalization, international trade stands as a vital pillar of global economic integration and prosperity. Within this intricate web of trade relations, India emerges as a pivotal player, endowed with a rich history, diverse economic landscape, and growing influence on the global stage. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of India's trade relations, exploring its historical evolution, contemporary dynamics, and future prospects within the global commerce landscape. India’s journey in international trade reflects a tale of remarkable transformation, marked by shifts in economic policies, geopolitical realities, and technological advancements. As India assumes a key role in the global economy, understanding its trade relations becomes imperative, not only for its own development trajectory but also for the broader dynamics of global trade. At the heart of this exploration is the recognition of India's strategic importance, driven by factors such as its burgeoning population, thriving entrepreneurial ecosystem, and rich human capital. India's vast market potential, coupled with rapid urbanization and a growing middle class, positions it as an attractive destination for trade and investment. However, India's trade journey is not devoid of challenges. Navigating tariff and non-tariff barriers, addressing trade imbalances, and managing regulatory frameworks pose significant hurdles to sustained economic growth and global competitiveness. Additionally, geopolitical dynamics, regional tensions, and evolving trade norms further complicate India's trade relations, influencing its engagement with key partners worldwide.Against this backdrop, this paper endeavors to offer a comprehensive understanding of India's trade relations, analyzing key drivers, challenges, and opportunities. Drawing upon a rich tapestry of data, case studies, and scholarly insights, it seeks to unravel the nuances of India's trade policy landscape, sectoral dynamics, and socio-economic implications. Keywords: India, trade relations, globalization, economic integration, geopolitical dynamics, trade policy, challenges, opportunities.

Evaluating the Economic and Environmental Impacts of Carbon Credit Projects in Developing Countries

This master's thesis explores the impact of carbon credit projects on the economy and the environment in developing countries. By focusing on initiatives aimed at reducing carbon emissions and promoting sustainable practices, the research aims to understand how these projects influence both economic development and environmental well-being. The study investigates the economic aspects by assessing the projects' contribution to local income generation, employment opportunities, and entrepreneurship. Simultaneously, it examines their environmental effectiveness in terms of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and conserving biodiversity. The research also explores the socio-economic implications of these projects, emphasizing the equitable distribution of benefits and their impact on local communities, including vulnerable populations. Additionally, factors influencing the success or failure of these projects, such as stakeholder engagement and policy frameworks are analyzed. Through this evaluation, the thesis wants to provide insights into achieving a balanced approach between economic development and environmental conservation in the context of carbon credit projects in developing countries. The findings may contribute to informed decision-making for policymakers, stakeholders, and the wider community involved in sustainable development initiatives.

Social Implications, Environmental Sustainability and a Manifesto of Action: A Study of Pope Francis’ Laudato Si

Pope Francis’ encyclical Laudato Si addresses the socio-economic implications of environmental degradation and advocates for transformative action to address the interconnected crises of climate change, biodiversity loss, and social injustice. This abstract presents a synthesis of the encyclical’s key themes and proposes a manifesto of action inspired by its call to care for our common home. This work underscores the intrinsic link between social and ecological concerns, highlighting how environmental degradation disproportionately impacts the poor and marginalized. The encyclical critiques the dominant paradigm of consumerism and unlimited growth, which prioritizes profit over people and perpetuates patterns of exploitation and inequality. Pope Francis calls for a radical shift in values and priorities, advocating for an integral ecology that recognizes the interdependence of all living beings and promotes the common good. Often regarded as a manifesto of action, Laudato Si proposes concrete steps to address the root causes of environmental degradation and social injustice. It calls for the implementation of policies that promote ecological integrity, equitable distribution of resources, and inclusive decision-making processes. It urges businesses to adopt sustainable practices and prioritize the well-being of workers and communities over short-term profits. It calls on individuals to reduce their ecological footprint, support sustainable alternatives, and advocate for systemic change

A spatial epidemic model with contact and mobility restrictions

ABSTRACT Several spatiotemporal epidemic models have described how contact and mobility restrictions have a dynamic effect on morbidity and mortality of fast transmitting pathogens in epidemics. Despite this, there have been rather limited contributions looking at policy optimization. This work combines a new spatiotemporal epidemic model of a heterogeneous mixed population located at different places with an optimal control approach to show the effects of contact and mobility restrictions under policy optimization. The objective of optimization not only includes epidemiological but also socio-economic implications of the restrictions. Several scenarios are numerically investigated, and the dependence of the optimal policy on some basic epidemiological parameters is analysed. The results illustrate the strong impact of spatial heterogeneity on optimal policy measures. An analysis of the stability of the disease-free equilibrium of the model is also presented.

Challenges and implications of microwork in the age of artificial intelligence: A global socioeconomic analysis

This study adopts a discursive and analytical perspective to explore how technological advances are reconfiguring the dynamics of the global labour market, with special attention to the phenomenon of microwork. Microwork, characterised by short, fragmented tasks carried out through digital platforms and geographically distributed, has seen exponential growth, particularly in nations with lower economic development. This type of work shows a growing distinction between tasks of a complex and creative nature and those of a repetitive and monotonous nature that do not require advanced skills to perform. This differentiation can intensify wage disparities between developed and developing countries, as well as contribute to the precariousness of work in activities considered less complex and valued. The article highlights the emergence of unstable and poorly paid jobs that do not require specific qualifications and discusses their impact on social security systems in countries where labour regulations are insufficient. Using a theoretical-methodological approach, the research examines the role of artificial intelligence in the rise of micro-labour and its socio-economic implications. It concludes that despite the flexibility and short-term earning opportunities offered by microwork, it poses considerable challenges in terms of income security, workers’ rights, and social protection, emphasising the need for regulatory measures to mitigate its adverse effects on vulnerable communities.

The Justifiability of Billionaires on Socio-Economic Grounds

This essay explores the complex socio-economic and political implications of the presence of billionaires, guided by the paradoxical views on their impact on society. It critically analyzes the potential benefits and drawbacks of banning billionaires, using diverse examples and evidence to illustrate points. The essay begins by discussing the significant role of billionaire philanthropy in healthcare and education, highlighting how their wealth enables substantial contributions that fill gaps left by government welfare programs. It also covers the positive effects of billionaire investments in economic growth, job creation, and reducing educational disparities, arguing that these contributions can help alleviate class conflicts and complement inadequate government welfare programs. Conversely, the essay examines the negative aspects of billionaire influence, including tax evasion, widening wealth gaps, and the potential for fostering crony capitalism. It argues that while the presence of billionaires can lead to improved tax compliance and economic stability, their ability to evade taxes and accumulate wealth exacerbates income inequality and undermines democratic principles. Furthermore, the essay touches on the role of billionaires in bridging international relations, using the example of Elon Musk's visit to China as a case where billionaire involvement has eased geopolitical tensions. Overall, the essay posits that while banning billionaires might mitigate certain societal and economic inequalities, their contributions in terms of philanthropy, investment, and political influence generally outweigh the negatives. It suggests that the presence of billionaires is a double-edged sword, presenting both challenges and opportunities for society.

Exploring the Consequences of Land Expropriation on the Food Security of Peri-urban Indigenous Communities in Addis Ababa

Abstract Rapid urbanization in Ethiopia, driven by the government's efforts to modernize and diversify the economy, has led to significant land expropriation in the capital city of Addis Ababa and its surrounding areas. This process has resulted in the displacement of peri-urban indigenous communities, particularly in the Addis Ababa and Sheger cities in Oromia region. This study investigates the socio-economic, cultural, and policy implications of land acquisition on these communities. Through a comprehensive literature review and analysis of a survey of 223 evicted households in Lemmi Kura Sub city of Addis Ababa, we examine the consequences of land dispossession, including loss of livelihood, food insecurity, and inadequate compensation and rehabilitation measures. We also explore potential mitigation strategies, such as sustainable urban planning, land use management, and strengthening community resilience. Our findings highlight the urgent need for inclusive policies that prioritize the rights and well-being of marginalized communities while promoting sustainable urban development.

The Social and Biomedical Hurdles Associated with COVID-19: Eclectic Contexts

Abstract The advent of COVID-19 continues to present social and biomedical challenges that this article endeavors to explore through a systematic critical review of the literature. The article has also benefited from the researchers’ intuition and experiences they have acquired from investigating trends of SARS-CoV-2 virus dynamics. It has also benefited from engaging in informal conversations with researchers and lay people interested in addressing the myriad challenges posed by COVID-19. Findings have generated the following thematic discussions: stigma and stigmatization surrounding the disease, skewed global response, gender disparity, human rights dynamics, vaccine dynamics and dilemmas, and poverty associated with coronavirus advent. The article concludes by recognizing both biomedical and socioeconomic implications and the emerging social disparities and unequal access to pharmacotherapeutics.

The impact of the Russian invasion of Ukraine on public support for EU enlargement

ABSTRACT The full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 has become one of the greatest security crises since World War 2, with profound geopolitical and socio-economic implications for Europe and beyond. The upsurge of political and media attention to this war may have increased public support for EU enlargement, with new countries in the Eastern neighbourhood and the Western Balkans receiving the official EU candidate status. By drawing on mechanisms of securitisation and solidarity, this paper tests to what extent the Russian invasion has generated a positive politicisation of EU enlargement. While this crisis may have indeed fostered a permissive consensus in EU public opinion regarding Ukraine’s future accession, I observe no such effects for the Western Balkans or Turkey. This finding also remains robust to identity and socioeconomic controls, which have traditionally structured public support for European integration. The empirical part is based on descriptive and regression analyses of data from a representative survey of 7678 respondents in France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, and Spain conducted at the end of 2022.

Adapting cities to the surge: A comprehensive review of climate-induced urban flooding

Climate change is a serious global issue causing more extreme weather patterns, resulting in more frequent and severe events like urban flooding. This review explores the connection between climate change and urban flooding, offering statistical, scientific, and advanced perspectives. Analyses of precipitation patterns show clear changes, establishing a strong link between climate change and the heightened intensity of global rainfall events. Hydrological modeling and case studies provide compelling scientific evidence attributing urban flooding to climate-induced changes. Urban infrastructure, including transportation networks and critical facilities, is increasingly vulnerable, worsening the impact on people's lives and businesses. Examining adaptation strategies, the review highlights the need for resilient urban planning and the integration of green infrastructure. Additionally, it delves into the role of advanced technologies, such as artificial intelligence, remote sensing, and predictive modeling, in improving flood prediction, monitoring, and management. The socio-economic implications of urban flooding are discussed, emphasizing unequal vulnerability and the importance of inclusive policies. In conclusion, the review stresses the urgency of addressing climate-induced urban flooding through a holistic analysis of statistical trends, scientific evidence, infrastructure vulnerabilities, and adaptive measures. The integration of advanced technologies and a comprehensive understanding of socio-economic implications are essential for developing effective, inclusive strategies. This review serves as a valuable resource, offering insights for policymakers, researchers, and practitioners striving for climate-resilient urban futures amid escalating climate change impacts.

The Role of Tangguh Development Projects in Achieving Welfare for the Papuan Community

Purpose: The purpose of the study is to determine and analyze the role of the Tangguh Development Project in realizing the welfare of the Papuan people. Methods: Describe the methodology used in the study, such as data collection methods, analysis techniques, and any relevant frameworks or theories employed to assess the impact of the Tangguh Development Project on Papuan welfare. This could involve surveys, interviews, case studies, or statistical analysis. Results and Discussion: Present the findings of the study regarding the role of the Tangguh Development Project in promoting the welfare of the Papuan people. Discuss the positive impacts, if any, as well as any shortcomings or challenges faced by BP Tangguh in fulfilling its commitments. Analyze the discrepancies between BP's claims and the actual conditions on the ground, particularly in the economic sector. Implications of the Research: Discuss the implications of the findings for various stakeholders, including BP Tangguh, the Indonesian government, local communities in Papua, and environmental advocacy groups. Address the potential socio-economic, environmental, and political implications of the Tangguh Development Project on Papuan welfare and broader regional development. Originality/Value: Highlight the original contributions of the study to the existing literature on corporate social responsibility, sustainable development, and resource extraction projects in indigenous or marginalized communities. Emphasize the value of the research in informing future policy decisions, corporate practices, and community engagement strategies aimed at promoting inclusive development and equitable distribution of benefits from resource projects like the Tangguh Development Project.

ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ СХЕМ ТРУДОВОЇ МІГРАЦІЇ ТА ЇЇ СОЦІАЛЬНО-ЕКОНОМІЧНИХ НАСЛІДКІВ В УЗБЕКИСТАНІ

Formulation of the problem. Labor migration has emerged as a significant socioeconomic phenomenon in Uzbekistan, impacting both the sending regions within the country and the receiving countries abroad. This research paper aims to analyze the patterns of labor migration within Uzbekistan and to other countries, while also assessing its socioeconomic implications. The purpose of the article is to analyze and evaluate the schemes of labor migration in Uzbekistan, taking into account their socio-economic consequences, as well as studying the volume of labor migration, the main directions and motivations of migrants, determining the impact of this phenomenon on the economy, the labor market, the social sphere and other aspects of public life in Uzbekistan. The object of the study is labor migration schemes and their socio-economic consequences in the context of Uzbekistan. The methodological basis and information base of the research are current scientific and applied research, statistical information. The article uses a number of methods, including analysis, synthesis, comparison and generalization. The main hypothesis of the study is that the analysis of labor migration schemes and their consequences will reveal the key factors that influence this process and its impact on the economy, the labor market, the social sphere and other aspects of public life in Uzbekistan. We assume that such an analysis will allow us to develop effective strategies and policies to optimize labor migration in order to ensure sustainable socio-economic development of the country. Presenting main material. The study utilizes a mixed-methods approach, combining quantitative analysis of labor migration data and qualitative interviews with migrants and relevant stakeholders. By understanding the drivers and consequences of labor migration, this research provides valuable insights for policymakers to design effective strategies that maximize the benefits and minimize the challenges associated with labor mobility. The originality and practical significance of the study lies in a comprehensive approach to the analysis of labor migration schemes and its socio-economic consequences in the context of Uzbekistan, new insights into the relationship between labor migration and the country's development, revealing the peculiarities of this phenomenon in the Uzbek context. The practical significance of this article is that it can serve as a basis for the development of effective strategies and policies for the management of labor migration in Uzbekistan. Conclusions of the study can be useful for governmental and non-governmental organizations dealing with issues of migration and socio-economic development. The findings of the study indicate the need to develop comprehensive programs to support migrants, as well as the need to reform the labor migration management system in Uzbekistan in order to ensure sustainable development of the country and improve the quality of life of migrants and their families.

How do socio-economic characteristics of communities influence resource use and forest cover in the Cryptosepalum forest of North-western Zambia

Forests are important ecosystems offering extensive material and immaterial benefits to people and the environment. If not well monitored and sustainably managed, forest resource use can lead to degradation, which has global environmental and socio-economic implications. There is currently limited information on the factors that lead to forest use in the Cryptosepalum forests of Zambia, and how these factors potentially influence forest integrity. This study aimed at establishing the socio-economic aspects that determine resource utilisation and forest loss in the Cryptosepalum forest of Manyinga and Zambezi Districts of North-western Zambia. Using a semi-structured questionnaire 207 randomly selected households were interviewed in 7 villages surrounding the Cryptosepalum forest (4 in Manyinga and 3 in Zambezi district). Additionally, three focus Group Discussions were conducted to triangulate interview data. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's Chi-square test of independence and binary logistic regression were used to analyse the data. The study established 14 forest products used by local communities in the study sites. Socio-economic factors, namely; gender, level of education, household size, wealth, and residence status significantly influenced use of 9 of the 14 forest products. Further, significant relationships (p < 0.5) were established between: (1) gender and use of construction poles, wood fibre, fruits, and honey production (2) level of education and utilisation of timber, tubers, caterpillars, mushrooms, and thatching grass; (3) household size and use of construction poles, wild vegetables, tubers, caterpillars, fruits and thatching grass; (4) wealth status and use of timber, construction poles, wild vegetables, wood fibre, and fruits; and (5) residence status and use of construction poles, tubers and thatching grass. Timber harvesting, agricultural expansion, and population increase were established as key drivers of forest cover loss in the Cryptosepalum forest. The study recommends that policies and strategies aimed at conserving this forest focus on strict law enforcement (monitoring and control) of timber harvesting activities; and provision of agricultural inputs and/or community sensitisation on conservation agriculture interventions to curb shifting cultivation practices. The study adds to the body of knowledge on the importance of forests to rural livelihoods in Sub-saharan Africa, and the influence of socio-economic factors on forest cover and resource use.

Globalization: Embracing global citizenship and the right to migrate.

This comprehensive commentary explores various facets of globalization, including the right to migrate, cultural dimensions, power dynamics in shaping global narratives, the impact of globalization on health, and the roles of international institutions and multinational corporations. It delves into the socioeconomic implications of migration, emphasizing the ethical considerations surrounding globalization and the responsibilities of affluent nations. Examples such as the Fair Trade movement, global collaboration in health care during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and the influence of power dynamics on cultural narratives provide a nuanced understanding. The commentary underscores the need for international collaboration, ethical business practices, and responsible investment to address global challenges. By examining these dimensions, the analysis contributes to a holistic understanding of the complexities associated with globalization, emphasizing the importance of balanced and inclusive approaches. This commentary is in response to an editorial published in this journal titled "Globalization through global citizenship and right to migrate."

From Lockdowns to Publications: The Evolution of COVID-19 Research in the Face of Travel Restrictions

Object: This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis of the scholarly literature on COVID-19 and travel restrictions, using VOSviewer and Scopus data sets, to understand the evolution, key trends, and impact of this research area since the onset of the pandemic.&#x0D; Methods: Utilizing a combination of publication-related metrics, citation-related metrics, and citation-and-publication-related metrics, this analysis encompasses 1,484 documents sourced from the Scopus database. The study focuses on the identification of major contributing countries, institutions, and keywords, as well as patterns in co-authorship and citations.&#x0D; Findings: The research highlights a significant increase in academic output related to COVID-19 and travel restrictions, particularly in 2021 and 2022. The United States, the United Kingdom, and China emerge as leading contributors. Key themes include the efficacy of travel restrictions in managing the pandemic and the socio-economic implications of these measures. Additionally, the study reveals prominent collaboration networks and influential publications in this field.&#x0D; Conclusions: The bibliometric analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the global research landscape on COVID-19 and travel restrictions. It underscores the critical role of international collaboration and multidisciplinary approaches in addressing the pandemic. Furthermore, the insights gained can inform future research directions and policy decisions in managing global health emergencies.

Neighborhood renewal at stake: feedback on speculative redevelopment in setif, algeria

Introduction: This paper examines a type of real estate speculation that plays a key role in urban redevelopment, characterized by densification and unaffordability. Purpose of the study: The study aims to analyze how pericentral housing in the form of a garden city is being subjected to incremental renewal in the historic core of Setif, Algeria. It reflects on UN Sustainable Development Goal #11, Sustainable Cities and Communities, in terms of relationships between housing densification, loss of green spaces, and socio-economic implications. Methods: We used a survey strategy based on observation and a sustainability indicator questionnaire as quantitative sources as well as semi-structured interviews and focus groups as qualitative sources. Results: Our study revealed that the typological shift from single-family houses to multi-family apartment buildings is not driven by changing housing preferences, but rather by a profit-oriented land-use strategy. This shift has led to affordability issues and gentrification, which in turn challenge socioeconomic cohesion. The process of densification and apartmentization causes the erosion of the architectural character of buildings and the physical characteristics of the neighborhood. The study emphasizes the importance of proactive, participatory, and inclusive methods in urban planning and management for a bottom-up approach to counteract speculative neighborhood renewal driven by liberal policies. It proposes a densification toolkit to promote the principles expressed in the sustainable development goals (SDGs).

Navigating illegal land use in the quest for a just energy transition

Illegal land use inhibits available land for renewable resource development and hinders a just energy transition, posing a significant challenge to sustainability. This article utilizes the TOE (Technology, Organization, Environment) framework to examine the impact of under-regulation on illegal land use in China. By employing a multidisciplinary approach, the study navigates the complexities of unscrupulous land practices and uncovers their socio-economic and environmental implications. Findings from panel data analysis covering the period of 1999 to 2009 reveal several key insights. Firstly, inadequate technology hampers regulators' ability to detect illegal activities, leading to an increase in the area of illegal land use. Secondly, a high turnover rate of regulatory officers is linked to lower levels of punishment for illegal land use, thereby contributing to an expansion of illegal land use. Thirdly, a permissive government-business environment hinders the effective enforcement of the land approval system, thereby restraining the prevention of illegal land use. Through case studies and policy analyses, the research aims to reveal the challenges and obstacles arising from illegal land use in transitioning to a cleaner energy future. The findings contribute to a nuanced understanding of the obstacles posed by illegal land use, offering insights to policymakers, industry stakeholders, and advocates in navigating towards a more equitable and sustainable energy landscape.

Assessment of anthropometric measurements of premature children with physical developmental delays at preschool age

Assessment of child growth and development is crucial for paediatricians, as delays in these areas have significant socio-economic implications and their treatment can be costly. Aim. To evaluate the anthropometric measurements of premature children with physical developmental delay at preschool age. Materials and methods. The retrospective and prospective studies were conducted. A total of 108 children participated in the study. The children were classified into three groups: the main group, the comparison group, and the control group. The average age of children in the main group was 3.9±0.20 years, in the comparison group it was 4.2±0.19 years, and in the control group - 4.1±0.15 years. The main group (group I, n=57) was further divided into two subgroups: subgroup IA comprised 45 children born with a body weight appropriate for gestational age, subgroup IB consisted of 12 children with low body weight for gestational age (LBWGA). The comparison group (group II; n=31) was also divided into two subgroups: subgroup IIA included 26 children born with a normal body weight for their gestational age, subgroup IIB consisted of five children born with a low body weight for their gestational age. The control group comprised 20 premature infants born at 29-36 weeks of gestation with relatively satisfactory antenatal and intrapartum periods and no physical developmental delays. Physical development was evaluated based on anthropometry measurements, including height and body weight. Results. The study included 57% male and 43% female children. Among the children with physical developmental delay, 37% were from the first gestation, 44.3% from the second gestation, and 18.7% from the third gestation. When analysing the data, a significant difference was found in height (p=0.0002) and body weight (p=0.0006). In the main group, children born with low body weight for gestational age showed more pronounced growth retardation, while in the comparison group, premature children differed from full-term ones with more significant growth retardation. Conclusions. The study revealed that children born with low birth weight for gestational age have differences in body weight and height compared to children with appropriate weight for gestational age. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The study protocol was approved by the Local Ethics Committee the aforementioned institution. Informed consent for the study was obtained from the parents of the children. The authors declare no conflict of interest.