Socio-psychological Phenomenon Research Articles

Social and moral relevance of memory

Background: Previous research has discussed how remembering is a sociopsychological phenomenon; that is, a phenomenon that happens as an interplay between internal cognitive processes as well as external social factors. This article examines remembering from this perspective in conversations between a father and his son, who has suffered traumatic brain injury and has problems with his short-term memory as a result. Method: We examined 82 known-answer questions using conversation analysis. Each question, as well as the interaction it was part of, was transcribed and analyzed as single instances (single cases), and then compared and analyzed as a joint collection. Results: In both first, second, and third position, the father formulated his utterances in such a way that the son was treated as someone who had access to the knowledge. In addition, when the son claimed to not know something, the father challenged this and constructed his son as someone who was responsible for remembering the information. Conclusion: We show how knowing and remembering are social phenomena that carry their own moral rules and practices in interaction. By challenging his son’s claims of not knowing and designing turns that make the son accountable for knowing information, the father makes his son answer questions he initially claimed not to know the answers to.

PSYCHOCORRECTION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL MALADAPTATION AMONG CIVIL SERVANTS

Introduction. Strict performance requirements applied to civil servants, a high level of mental stress and of responsibility at the workplace can be considered as risk factors leading to the formation of a wide range of maladaptive reactions and states among civil servants - starting with specific mosaic domains and ending with nosologically defined mental disorders of neurotic genesis or psychosomatic illnesses, resulting in a state of psychological maladaptation.
 The purpose. Develop a program of psychological correction based on the detection of states of psychological maladaptation in civil servants.
 Materials and methods of the research. The main group consisted of 78 civil servants with the domain of psychological maladaptation, the experimental group consisted of 81 civil servants, among whose members no domain of psychological maladaptation was detected.
 Results. States of psychological maladaptation among civil servants were conceptualized as a holistic clinical and psychological, and socio-psychological phenomenon that has a multicomponent origin of biopsychosocial nature. We have identified the peculiarities of professional deformation and the psychoemotional state among the civil servants, and have determined the specifics of their mutual influence and the role of each parameter in the origin of the development of psychological maladaptation among the persons concerned.
 Conclusions. The study found that the essential factor in the formation of states of psychological maladaptation is the disparity between the level of stress caused by the working environment of a civil servant and his personal and adaptive resource base.

Late marriages of modern Ukrainian men as a socio-psychological phenomenon

Late marriages of modern Ukrainian men as a socio-psychological phenomenon

ЭТНИЧЕСКАЯ ИДЕНТИЧНОСТЬ КАК СОЦИАЛЬНО-ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ ФЕНОМЕН: ОБЗОР МЕТОДОВ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ

This article presents a detailed theoretical analysis of ethnic identity as a socio-psychological phenomenon. The structure of ethnicity is outlined (cognitive, affective and behavioral components). Ethnic identity is regarded as an integral part of social identity. On the individual level ethnic identity is viewed as a special form of Self-concept, at the same time ethnicity is considered as a group characteristic. This paper examines research methods which are used to measure ethnic identity in Russian and foreign cross-cultural studies. Foreign surveys which are dedicated to the examination of ethnic identity are divided by the author of the article into two categories: culture-specific methods (e.g. surveys which can be used to study only one specific ethnic or cultural group) and general methods (surveys which can be used among respondents who come from different ethnic backgrounds taking into account translation and adaptation of these methods). The present article provides evidence that in Russian psychological tradition cognitive and affective components of the ethnic identity are primarily measured. Behavioral context of ethnicity is examined occasionally. Modern Russian and foreign surveys which measure behavioral component of ethnicity and which are rarely used in contemporary Russian ethnopsychological empirical studies are described in detail. The studies of how identity is translated into everyday practices as well as the degree of behavioral involvement with an ethnic group and studies dedicated to the factors which influence the revival of ethnicity are viewed as perspective goals for contemporary researchers.

Вектор управления организационной культурой органов внутренних дел: психические состояния и «картина мира» сотрудников в динамике социальных страхов пандемии COVID-19

Objective. Studying the vector of managing the organizational culture of the Russian internal affairs bodies during the COVID-19 period.Background. The work is aimed at studying the vector of managing the organizational culture of the internal affairs bodies through the formation of new “pictures of the world” and mental states of police officers as a result of the socio-psychological impact of information flows about COVID-19. Our earlier results of a longitudinal study from 2011 to 2019 made it possible to assert that the vector of development of the organizational culture of the Internal Affairs Directorate depends on the media, capable of creating new “pictures of the world” and influencing the formation of mental states of police officers, which are different from those desired and proclaimed by the leadership of the Ministry of Internal Affairs when reforming the Internal Affairs Directorate in 2011. We believe that the scale of this socio-psychological phenomenon clearly manifested itself during the COVID-19 pandemic and the totality of the corresponding informational influence of the media, which determines the vector of managing the organizational culture of the internal affairs bodies.Study design. Against the background of the identified dynamics of social fears, mental states and the locus of control among police officers for the period of 2020 and 2021, their “picture of the world” was studied using multivariate factorial and cluster analysis.Participants. 335 police officers tested in both 2020 and 2021. Of these, 231 are men and 104 are women, 25 to 49 years old.Measurements. Author’s questionnaire on the degree of involvement in the content of the news and information tape about COVID-19; questionnaires: “Social fears” L.N. Grosheva; “The level of subjective control” by E.F. Bazhin and others; method for determining the dominant state of DS-8 L.V. Kulikova; author’s modification of C. Osgood’s semantic differential.Results. From the beginning of COVID-19 to mid-2021, ATS officers showed tendencies of a decrease in the level of subjective control and interest in the content of news about COVID-19, with the dynamics of the growth of the experience of social fears and the growing instability of mental states. organizational culture of the Department of Internal Affairs formed two types of employees. The first type with a trustful “picture of the world”, and the second with a threatening “picture of the world”. This polarity of the “picture of the world” in different types indicates a crisis in the functioning of the organizational culture of the internal affairs bodies.Conclusions. The long-term and intensive unstructured influence of the media in the context of negatively colored information about COVID-19, manifested in the dynamics of the growth of social fears and the heterogeneity of the policemen’s “picture of the world”, shows that the police department’s leadership is not fully the subject of changing the management vector of the organizational culture.

SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL ASPECTS OF JEALOUSY RESEARCH: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF RESEARCH

Introduction. Global changes that took place at the turn of the XX–XXI centuries caused the stratification of society, which led to constant rivalry. Almost every person strives to conform to the given model of a successful person, which is broadcast through mass media. However, the opportunities and resources of the individual are limited, which inevitably leads to envy. Interest in the phenomenon of envy appeared in ancient times and continues to generate many disputes among modern researchers. Among numerous works, it is difficult to find an unambiguous definition of envy: some authors consider it an emotion, others – a personal trait, and still others consider it within the framework of relationships. But most researchers agree that envy is a negative, destructive phenomenon, both for the individual himself and for his relationships in the team Purpose. The article deals with the socio-psychological and philosophical aspects of the problem of envy, describes the main problems of the study of envy in philosophy and modern psychology, and also outlines ways of studying this sociopsychological phenomenon in topological, structural and dynamic terms. It is emphasized that the study of envy is not only an academic problem, since the nature of its solution largely determines our ideas about the variety of social factors that act as its causes, as well as psychological mechanisms that provide various manifestations of envy in situations of social comparison. Results. The analysis of existing publications on current research issues allows us to draw a conclusion about the diversity and multifacetedness of scientific research in the consideration of the phenomenon of envy. The existing conceptual pluralism testifies both to the variety of approaches in the interpretation of the analyzed problematic direction, and to the ambiguity in the essential understanding of the phenomenological manifestations of envy. On the one hand, this allows you to look at it from different points of view, and on the other hand, it causes an urgent need to integrate empirical and theoretical research into a coherent system. Given the certain fragmentation, the phenomenon of envy requires the continuation of its scientific reflection at a more in-depth level, which will contribute to the accentuation of the necessary practical orientation of psychological research.

Проблема происхождения религии в зеркале психологии: от классиков к современникам

Objective. To present the classical points of view on the problem of the origin of religion and give an overview of modern views. Acquaintance with the described approaches will make it possible to better represent the current state of this problem and develop the own position on the basis of the directions developed in domestic psychology. Background. The problem of the origin of religion — the important socio-psychological phenomenon — was not in the focus of attention of domestic psychologists, therefore, with rare exceptions, the approaches to its solution proposed abroad were not highlighted in the scientific literature. In the spring of 2020, the international journal “Archive of Psychology of Religion” prepared a special issue dealing with the stated problem. It was another proof of the interest of foreign scientists in this topic and demonstrated the main approaches that have been formed to date on this issue. Methodology. Descriptive and comparative analysis methods. Conclusions. It is shown that at the present stage the main opposition on the problem of the origin of religion is observed between the supporters of the cognitive direction, who consider the emergence of religion exclusively as a result of the work of cognitive processes, as an accidental by-product of evolution, and supporters of cultural evolutionists, who consider religion a useful adaptation in the process of evolution. The examples of the works of the leading representatives of these areas demonstrate the most characteristic features of these approaches and the main discussion points. In this article we also discussed the work of researches who were trying to build a bridge between these opposing points of view and bring them closer together.

Defining different types of assessment systems and assessment procedures in the context of historical development

Introduction. The authors investigate a wide range of assessment systems in modern education. They analyze and compare changes in educational assessment procedures, taking into account the periodization of their development and modern requirements and standards. The purpose of the article is to identify and clarify various types of assessment systems and assessment procedures in the context of historical development. Materials and Methods. This theoretical research includes analysis, comparison, and generalization of Russian and international studies on the development of assessment systems based on the concept of the historical and socio-cultural determination of education. The study follows systemic, learner-centered and activity-based approaches in order to present the dynamics of the development of educational assessment as a system comprising interconnected parts and socio-psychological factors. Results. The authors clarified the essence of the dual nature of educational assessment as a didactic and socio-psychological phenomenon. They described the relationship between assessment procedures and the quality of modern education. The study identified the main periods in the development of educational assessment based on the criteria for changing the requirements for the content of education, as well as changes in the assessment system regarding tasks, methods, forms of assessment, point scales and methods of motivation. The authors have developed and justified the historical periodization of educational assessment, which includes eight main stages. The main types of assessment including partial assessment, effective assessment, systemic assessment, standardized assessment, formative assessment, summative assessment, evaluation for management, and rating assessment have been identified and described. Conclusions. The article concludes that modern education implements eight main types of assessment, which have been developed in a historical context. At the same time, standardization of education is considered as the main trend in the formation of assessment systems.

Rap as indicator of protest potential of Z generation

Contexts of youth protest potential in rap as a musical direction popular among modern youth are analysed in the article. Attempts of imposing of political identity «from above» does not meet requirements of the youth which seeks for self-realisation in the cultural sphere. Therefore, the article examines the socio-psychological phenomenon of such a youth public practice as rap culture, which has now become a brand of mass pop culture. On the basis of sociological data the author analyses social mood and topical problems of the Kazakhstani youth, designing its protest potential. Quite high percent of the young respondents concerned by violations of the legitimate social, civil and political rights is revealed. It is noted that the Z generation prefers non-political forms in a counterbalance a protest to means of cultural self-expression. In mass consciousness installation about rap as to «protest music» was approved. The historical and cultural retrospective of emergence and development of rap allowed the author to disprove the settled stereotype and to prove a position about rap as to music of success and active living position. Topicality and scientific novelty of the problem statement made it possible to show the importance of studying the protest behaviour of young people in the modern scientific space, highlighting its indicators and drawing a conclusion about the need for a psychological study of youth protest tendencies and pedagogic support of the socialisation process.

Рецензия на книгу: Шамионов Р. М., Бочарова Е. Е., Бескова Т. В., Григорьева М. В., Усова Н. В., Кленова М. А., Тарасова Л. Е. Дискриминационные установки в современном мире

Discriminatory attitudes and discrimination of individuals based on their nationality, religion, gender, age, physique, social status are a serious problem of the modern multipolar world. In the monograph of the group of authors (R. M. Shamionov, M. V. Grigorieva, E. E. Bocharova, T. V. Beskova, N. V. Usova, M. A. Klenova, L. E. Tarasova), the results of theoretical and empirical studies on phenomenology, mechanisms, determinants and types of discriminatory attitudes are presented. The latter are considered as a socio-psychological phenomenon characterized by prejudice and negative feelings towards Others and a willingness to oppress them. R. M. Shamionov and M. V. Grigorieva attempt to develop and validate a tool for assessing discriminatory attitudes and their content at the emotional level. The team of authors are hopeful that the monograph reveals the features of specific types of discriminatory attitudes in the social environment, the factors that reinforce them and the conditions under which they are eliminated. The book will be useful to students and post-graduate students, as well as specialists whose activities are connected with social relations.

INDIRECT WITNESSES OF TERRORIST ACTS: PSYCHOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES OF INTIMIDATION

The victimhood of indirect witnesses of terrorist acts, which includes both the audience of the media and the population as a whole, is a complex socio-psychological phenomenon. The reasons victimizations are changes in the system of internal regulation of behavior, namely contradictions between the basic beliefs of people and the real consequences of terrorist acts, which are subjectively perceived as an unexpected, uncertain threat to existence (both objective and subjective), the irreparability of what can happen. Among the indirect witnesses were singled three response styles: slightly negative assessment, partial justification of the perpetrators of a terrorist act, negative emotional assessment with expressed anxiety. The most significant consequences of the psychological impact of terrorist acts on the media audience and the general population should be considered: the contradiction between the basic ideas of people and the reality demonstrated by the media: the subjective and objective unexpectedness of a terrorist act; incorrigibility of the offense. Shown, that psychological countermeasures should be based on the information component aimed at preventing inappropriate reactions, especially in the first days after the terrorist act, development and demonstration of optimal algorithms of behavior, prevent recourse to unconscious or subconscious impulses that violate basic illusions existence. With the presence of drivers that trigger patterns of victim-induced behavior, the media can provoke in the general population a massive loss of social and personal identity, meaning of life, prospects, to form a complex of inferiority, to induce certain adverse behaviors. The most significant consequences of the psychological impact of terrorist acts on the audience of the media and the general population should be considered the contradiction between the basic ideas of people (activate the images of death, destruction, horror of nothingness, which subconsciously everyone has. These "forms of the unspoken" violate three basic illusions of existence: the illusion of one's own immortality, the illusion of justice, the illusion of the hidden meaning of life) and the reality published by the media, which is subjectively perceived as a threat to existence; subjective and objective unexpectedness of a terrorist act; incorrigibility of the committed. Psychological measures to combat victimization should be based on the dominance of the information component of counteraction aimed at preventing dangerous reactions, especially in the first hours after the commission of a terrorist act, the development and demonstration of optimal behavioral algorithms. Keywords: indirect witnesses, terrorist attack, psychological measures, induced behavior, optimal algorithms

SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE LATEST APPROACHES TO THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS’ ORGANIZATION

The article investigates the problems of distance (online) learning as a complex sociopsychological phenomenon. The main effects of the transition to an unusual approach to the organization of the educational process in the dynamics of the 4th semester 2020-2021 are analyzed. The most common tools for assessing the perceived level of social support, SozU and MSPSS, were used as a tool to study the socio-psychological aspects of distance learning. A cross-verification of these approaches was conducted on a representative sample of students from different years of study. The main hypotheses about the socio-psychological problems and effects associated with the transition to distance learning have been formulated, most of which have been statistically significant. These hypotheses are formulated as follows.: The transition to distance learning has a significant impact on the individual’s subjective perception of social support, i.e. the proportions between its various components and directly on the overall level of perception of social support. The duration of work in the remote format has different effects on different components of social support, which is perceived by the individual. As this duration increases (prolonging the period of student isolation), it makes sense to expect a relative increase in expected support from proxies and a decrease in other components of the index. The general level of the social support index should differ according to the experience of distance learning in a particular group of respondents. Behavioral characteristics of respondents, identified above, are a factor that can lead to distortion of the results of the identification of the index of social support. Dispersion, factor and discriminant analyzes of the survey results were conducted, as a result of which conclusions and generalization of work experience during successive waves of COVID-19 quarantine were made. The complete confirmation of most initial hypotheses found, which were formulated in this study, namely – the results of psychological sections allow us to state a statistically significant difference between the assessment of components and the general level of perception of social support. Student activists and senior students who have the most experience in the classical form of organization of the initial process, are more likely to recognize the growing social burden to which students are subject in the transition to online learning. At the same time, the assumption of increasing the perception of support from non-family and non-family proxies depending on the length of work online has not been adequately confirmed.

CYNICISM AS A MANIFESTATION OF PROFESSIONAL DEFORMATION OF THE DOCTOR'S PERSONALITY

Abstract. The article is devoted to the actual problem of the professional deformation of the doctor's personality. In the aggregate of the negative characteristics of the emotional burnout of doctors, one of the most destructive is cynicism, manifested in a disdain for cultural values and generally accepted norms of morality and ethics. The aim of the work was to comprehend the nature of the socio-psychological phenomenon "cynicism", to establish the factors that contribute to its occurrence and overcoming. The materials that have been used for research were the scientific articles for 20032021 published in scientific databases such as eLIBRARY.RU. and cyberleninka.ru, and the scientific works of the Russian writer and doctor V.V. Veresaev (18671945) and the Russian surgeon N.I. Pirogov (18101881). The study found that cynicism, which is a leading and socially significant problem of a doctor's professional activity, is an acquired undesirable personality characteristic. The authors systematized the factors influencing the development of cynicism, considered effective ways of its prevention and correction.

Разрыв связей в репрезентациях взаимодействия «Я – Другой»: детерминанты и предпосылки (на примере экстремистских групп)

The article presents the results of a theoretical reflection on the main prerequisites and determinants of extremism as a complex sociopsychological phenomenon which poses a serious threat to international security. Purpose: to study social and socio-psychological determinants which contribute to and lead to breaking connections in the “I – Stranger” dyad as fundamentals of sociability (on the example of extremist groups). We identified social and socio-psychological factors (social tension, instability, uncertainty, stratified social isolation, group status, perceived discrimination, group ideology), serving as prerequisites for extremism, which contribute to breaking ties in the “I – Stranger” dyad along with psychological predictors. The example of extremist groups has shown that, on the one hand, breaking these connections leads to an exaggerated sense of “We”, erosion of individuality, depreciation of one’s own life and “self-erasure” against the background of group superiority and narcissism, on the other hand, it leads to depersonalization, demonization and dehumanization of “Stranger”, positioning him / her as a person who is not fully human, a faceless enemy. It has been established that breaking connections in representations of “I – Stranger” interaction facilitates the process associated with losing a sense of self as a key point in the construction and cognition of the social world and its replacement by the collective “We”. The applied aspect of the problem under study is the possibility of using the results of the analysis for developing preventive socio-psychological programmers and trainings aimed at preventing extremism and religious radicalism in the young people’s environment.

Landownership as a socio-psychological phenomenon: Exploration of the owner-land relationship

ABSTRACT Land fragmentation and conversion compromise the integrity of the privately-owned landscape nationwide. Landowners’ choices and actions play a critical role in these dynamics. To better understand these individuals’ land-management behaviors, this phenomenological study used the theory of psychological ownership to explore landowners’ lived experiences with their properties. We conducted nine semi-structured interviews with landowners holding properties in the Hill Country region of Texas, the leading state in the loss of agricultural land. Our results showed that the owner-land relationship extends beyond feelings of psychological ownership by embracing a combination of human-centered and nature-centered philosophies. With the current study, we expand the understanding of socio-psychological dimensions of landownership by providing a detailed examination of landowners’ personal contexts, experiences, conservation views, and other factors associated with owning land. We conclude by providing a definition of landownership as a socio-psychological phenomenon.

Личность военнослужащего и его лидерские качества

The article presents a study conducted to study the relationship between personality traits and leadership qualities of military personnel in the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Approaches to the study of leadership as a socio-psychological phenomenon are described. Scientific approaches to the concepts of "personal qualities" and "leadership qualities" are analyzed. The features of the personality of military personnel are considered. The aim is to identify the relationship between personality traits and leadership qualities of military personnel. The objectives of the study are: description of approaches to the definition of personality and personal properties in the works of foreign and domestic psychologists; empirical identification of personality traits in military personnel; identification of the severity of leadership qualities in military personnel; establishing the relationship between personality traits and leadership qualities of military personnel. The research uses theoretical, empirical, and statistical research methods. The obtained data suggest that the relationship between personal characteristics and leadership qualities is reliable. The results of the study can be useful for improving the effectiveness of working with military personnel, the formation of professionally important leadership qualities.

Conceptualization of the forgiveness phenomenon in the interdisciplinary discourse

The aim of the study is to conceptualize forgiveness as a socio-psychological phenomenon, to identify the criteria for forgiveness by analyzing, systematizing, and generalizing the scientific views of local and foreign scientists on this phenomenon. The empirical study used the Forgiveness Scale as Character Traits questionnaire by J. W. Berry, et. al; «Diagnosis of depression and anxiety» method by L. R. Derogatis, «Diagnosis of the level of empathic abilities» method by V. V. Boyko, research on social intelligence method by J. Guilford in the adaptation of O. S. Mikhailova. It is concluded that the forgiveness phenomenon is a multidimensional and multilevel phenomenon that has a multicomponent structure and includes cognitive, affective, conative, and motivational components. The criteria for forgiveness are as follows: 1) overcoming the negative emotions and judgments about the offender, that is the refusal of the offended person from anger and resentment, hatred, indignation, sadness; 2) replacement of negative feelings towards the offender with more neutral, and, finally, positive, particularly, tolerance, manifestations of empathy in the form of compassion, empathy, mercy (the benevolence towards the offender is a positive dimension of forgiveness); 3) refusal of vengeful behavior towards the offender; 4) overcoming the motivation to avoid the offender. Forgiveness can perform different functions, can have different conditions of its development, different types, different modalities, levels of awareness, different subject meanings, different impacts on the person. Thus, unforgiveness is a more complex construct than just the opposite of forgiveness. E.g., crimes against humanity are unforgivable. The ability to forgive is determined by the development of a number of social cognition mechanisms (social and emotional intelligence, empathy for the offender). Forgiveness is associated with reflexive mentality, conscious reworking, and restructuring of one’s attitude toward the offender and the situation of resentment. The prospect of further research is seen in the identification of different socio-psychological factors of forgiveness depending on its subject content, level of awareness, types, and different modalities

«Психопатология» повседневной жизни: к вопросу о нарциссизме и классификации нарциссических черт личности

This work is devoted to an actual and debatable problem – the socio-psychological role of narcissism in the individualistic culture prosperity, as well as the cultural determination of narcissistic personality manifestation. The authors note that at present there is a need to investigate the phenomenon of narcissism precisely in its non-clinical form, which in modern society is becoming more prevalent, and acts as a psychopathology of everyday life. The work objective is to analyze the theories of narcissism and narcissistic personality traits in domestic and foreign psychology in accordance with cultural patterns of human behavior in modern society. The research methodology is based on the key principles of psychology: consistency, cultural determination, and the principle of the external influences and internal condition unity. The main study methods are theoretical analysis, comparison, and generalization. The article provides an overview of main definitions of the “narcissism” concept, gives an analysis of key theories and approaches to study narcissism in domestic and foreign psychology. The author’s reasoning originates from the works by Z. Freud, whom the first semantic concept of narcissism belongs, and then moves in two directions, as a personality disorder (O. Kernberg) and a personal process (H. Kohut). Particular attention is paid to considering narcissism as a mental norm socio-psychological phenomenon. A review of main classifications of narcissistic personality traits takes a separate place in the work. It has been shown that the narcissistic trait classifications, in general, include the most frequently cited traits of narcissistic personalities, both in the manual of mental disorders and in research on understanding narcissism in the context of personality changes within the mental norm. Based on theoretical research, the authors conclude that modern society supports the development of narcissistic traits and personality states, encouraging freedom of expression, belief in unlimited success, arrogant behavior, functionality and manipulative in relationships, etc.

Проблемы «Имиджелогии в сервисе» в контексте социально-психологической науки

The article is devoted to the actual problem of modern social psychology, as well as the psychology of image, imageology, servicology, service activity, etc. – the essence and content, the main functions, the current state, trends and prospects for the development of a new author’s scientific direction and the training course “Image Science in the service”. The purpose of the study: to study all the main phenomena of “Imageology in the service”, as tasks: to present the main categories, theoretical and practical directions of the development of a new scientific direction. The following research methods were used: a theoretical review of scientific publications, content analysis, a survey in the form of a questionnaire, generalization. Such concepts as “image”, “service”, “service activity”, “consumer”, “image of an employee in the service sector”, etc. are studied. A practical study was conducted to identify stereotypical ideas related to service workers on the example of hairdressers and stylists. It is concluded that “Imageology in service” is an original direction of social psychology and a number of related sciences, considering image as a socio-psychological phenomenon related to the field of activity of specialists in the provision of various types of services (in the field of everyday life, education, culture, sports, transport, etc.).

Дослідження художньо-творчої діяльності як засобу формування гуманістичної культури студентів

The article considers artistic and creative activity as an important tool of students’ humanistic culture formation. It is noted that artistic and creative student activity is determined by subjects’ specifics and the conditions in which they are realized. Considerable emphasis is also placed on understanding artistic and creative activities as necessary conditions that effects efficiency of the training process which promotes development of students’ motivation for learning, emotional and figurative spheres of their personalities, creative potential, humanistic culture. Humanistic culture is defined as integral personal education of the student in a set of humanistic norms, values, ways of behavior adopted in society. It is substantiated that the formation of humanistic culture is a complex, step-by-step process of personality development of a future specialist. It turned out that artistic and creative activity is a social process associated with spiritual and practical activities of the youth which encourages them to transform the content of the activity and its humanistic orientation in emotional and figurative forms, provides aesthetic perception of the reality; it provides implementation of culturological function and is manifested in their ability to create culture; it is a socio-psychological phenomenon that determines the emotional and aesthetic activity of the youth. It is established that artistic and creative activity develops a students’ complex ability to create products of artistic and creative activities (ability to artistically and figuratively perceive the world, which combines objects and subjects and attitude to them; ability to create artistic reality: visual, subject-imitation that evoke empathy and compassion of the subject). Emphasis is placed on problem-based learning as one of the most effective methods to manifest intellectual and creative abilities of students, creativeness in independent activity, confidence and ability to work creatively. It is determined that effective means of forming a humanistic student culture of the youth is an imitation (modeling) technology associated with modeling of situations of future professional activity in educational process.