Socio-economic Development Of Region Research Articles

Research on social and economic factors influencing regional mortality patterns in China

Regional population mortality correlates with regional socioeconomic development. This study aimed to identify the key socioeconomic factors influencing mortality patterns in Chinese provinces. Using data from the Seventh Population Census, we analyzed mortality patterns by gender and urban‒rural division in 31 provinces. Using a functional regression model, we assessed the influence of fourteen indicators on mortality patterns. Main findings: (1) China shows notable gender and urban‒rural mortality variations across age groups. Males generally have higher mortality than females, and rural areas experience elevated mortality rates compared to urban areas. Mortality in individuals younger than 40 years is influenced mainly by urban‒rural factors, with gender becoming more noticeable in the 40–84 age group. (2) The substantial marginal impact of socioeconomic factors on mortality patterns generally becomes evident after the age of 45, with less pronounced differences in their impact on early-life mortality patterns. (3) Various factors have age-specific impacts on mortality. Education has a negative effect on mortality in individuals aged 0–29, extending to those aged 30–59 and diminishing in older age groups. Urbanization positively influences the probability of death in individuals aged 45–54 years, while the impact of traffic accidents increases with age. Among elderly people, the effect of socioeconomic variables is smaller, highlighting the intricate and heterogeneous nature of these influences and acknowledging certain limitations.

КАДАСТРОВЫЙ УЧЕТ ЗЕМЕЛЬ ОСОБО ОХРАНЯЕМЫХ ПРИРОДНЫХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ РЕГИОНАЛЬНОГО ЗНАЧЕНИЯ: СОСТОЯНИЕ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ

The article considers the features of cadastral registration in the Unified State Register of Specially protected natural territories of regional importance. The information contained in the EGRN on lands of specially protected natural territories can be used in planning the socio-economic development of regions, the effective use of lands of specially protected territories and facilities, and the resolution of disputes between land users and land owners.

Projecting the future redistribution of Pinus koraiensis (Pinaceae: Pinoideae: Pinus) in China using machine learning

IntroductionAs an important coniferous tree in northeast China, Pinus koraiensis not only maintains the stability of the forest ecosystem at high latitudes but also plays a crucial role in regional socioeconomic development. With the intensification of climate change in recent years, the stability of P. koraiensis habitats is constantly disturbed by external uncertain environmental factors, which greatly affects the geographical distribution of P. koraiensis. However, its geographical distribution is still unclear, which greatly hinders further understanding of the ecological process of P. koraiensis. Consequently, it is particularly important to explore the potential distribution and migration of P. koraiensis during several critical periods.MethodsRandom forest (RF) was used to establish the redistribution of P. koraiensis.ResultsThe results showed that temperature seasonality and precipitation in the coldest quarter were the key factors limiting the current distribution of P. koraiensis. Currently, P. koraiensis is mainly distributed in the Lesser Khingan Mountains and Changbai Mountains, with a total suitable area of ~4.59 × 105 km2. In the past, the historical distribution of P. koraiensis during the LIG period was basically consistent with the current distribution range, but its distribution range was more complete. In the LGM period, the suitable distribution of P. koraiensis became fragmented, especially at the connection between the Lesser Khingan Mountains and the Changbai Mountains. Under future climate scenarios, the suitable distribution of P. koraiensis is projected to increase, while the highly suitable distribution will be reduced. The dramatically worrying change is that the suitable habitats of P. koraiensis are gradually breaking and separating in the junction zone between the Lesser Khingan Mountains and Changbai Mountains, which will cause the ecological corridor to break. The shifts in the distribution centroid indicated that the P. koraiensis population will migrate northward.DiscussionHowever, it remains to be verified whether long-distance migration can be achieved without human assistance. Our results can provide some solutions for protection and management strategies for P. koraiensis populations and the impact of climate change, shedding light on the effectiveness of management responses.

A Complex of Management Tools to Overcome Differentiation of Region’s Spatial Development

A key direction of the state regional policy is sustainable socio-economic development of the regions of the Russian Federation. However, the solution of this issue is significantly complicated by a number of problems associated with the spatial heterogeneity of the country and further inequality in the level of socio-economic development of Russian regions. The relevance of this study is determined by the necessity to solve the problem of systematization of theoretical approaches to the description of mechanisms of socio-economic development of the subjects of the Russian Federation, aimed to overcome the spatial differentiation of territories by basic indicators. The object of the study is the regions of the Far Eastern and Siberian Federal Districts. The aim of the study is to develop the principles of systematization of tools for spatial development of the subjects of the Russian Federation depending on the level of differentiation of regions by basic principles. To achieve the aim, the authors used the following research methods: comparative analysis, empirical analysis, synthesis, statistical method, graphic research methods. Based on the comparative analysis of the existing causes of differentiation of spatial development of the subjects of the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts, the objective and subjective factors of regional inequality were identified. The analysis of existing mechanisms of spatial development of the regions of the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts revealed their insufficient efficiency in solving the problem of smoothing regional socio-economic inequality. The author’s approach to the formation of a set of management tools to overcome the differentiation of spatial development of regions on the example of the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts on the basis of grouping the subjects according to the studied groups of basic indicators is proposed. The paper proposes the definition of individual characteristics of each subject of the Russian Federation as a basis for the formation of tools for spatial development of the region.

Toolkit for Integrated Assessment of Socio-Economic Development Scale of Urban Agglomerations

The formation of urban agglomerations in the Russian Federation is currently one of the most significant forms of spatial development both at the national and regional levels. The need to strengthen agglomeration processes is dictated by the provision of polarised socio-economic development of different territories of the country. Urban agglomerations in the Russian Federation receive legal status at the federal and regional levels. Institutional support for agglomerations is the development of an appropriate legal framework and financial mechanisms aimed at the infrastructural development of territories, improving the quality of human capital, scientific and technological development, etc. At the same time, recently the public authorities at the federal and regional levels have started to pay attention not only to large and largest urban agglomerations defined in the Strategy for Spatial Development of the Russian Federation, but also to smaller urban agglomerations. A special intensification of institutionalisation of the status of urban agglomerations is observed in the normative legal acts of many constituent entities of the Russian Federation. However, the methodological aspects of formation and development of urban agglomerations in the regions are not elaborated. The analysis of existing theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of agglomeration processes also revealed the lack of methods for analysing the scale of complex socio-economic processes of urban agglomerations. Therefore, the need to form a methodology for assessing the scale of agglomeration development in the regions of the Russian Federation determined the relevance of the study. The aim of the study is to develop an indicator of the scale of socio-economic processes of Russian urban agglomerations. To achieve this aim, the existing methodologies of urban agglomerations research, presented in the approaches of Russian and foreign scientists, were analysed. The analysis allowed us to systematise the existing methodological approaches into two groups: the features of spatial development of agglomerated systems and the characteristics of their economic condition. The advantages and disadvantages of the existing methodologies are presented, on the basis of which a methodological toolkit for the scale of agglomerated systems is developed. The conclusion is made about the possibility of using the proposed indicator by public administration authorities in the development of normative legal acts of strategic planning in the field of spatial and socio-economic development of regions, in scientific and analytical research in the field of regional economy. The methods of content and comparative analysis, mathematical formalisation, expert assessments, modelling, observation and synthesis were used to solve the research problems.

SUSTAINABILITY OF LOCAL PUBLIC FINANCE AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN TIMES OF CRISIS IN UKRAINE

The socio-economic crisis in Ukraine, which has worsened over the past decade, has had a profound impact on all local communities. Local governments implementing decentralised mechanisms and anti-crisis financial measures are currently facing numerous theoretical and procedural constraints, which, although not homogeneous, have a cumulative effect. In the context of low economic potential and existing legislative constraints, local governments cannot actively manipulate consistent sources of local budget revenues (taxes) to support sustainable regional development, and therefore a coherent policy of credit and fiscal equalisation is an important aspect of ensuring the sustainability of local public finances. The purpose of the paper is to assess the correspondence between the fiscal sustainability of local budgets (with a focus on the borrowing component) and the economic sustainability of regions. Empirical studies of Ukraine's experience based on regression modelling have not found a clear direct link between the drivers of fiscal sustainability of local budgets (solvency, dependence on intergovernmental grants, stability of tax revenues) and the sustainability of socio-economic development of Ukrainian regions. In addition, in the context of the crisis and external shocks, strict adherence to the criteria of fiscal balance of local budgets undermines the ability to ensure a sustainable recovery of the regional economy, so it is important not to limit the fiscal capacity of communities by attracting local borrowings and intergovernmental grant during the crisis.

DEVELOPMENT OF UNIVERSITY EDUCATION IN WESTERN UKRAINE: SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS

The primary objective of the article is to provide a substantive basis for recommendations concerning the advancement of university education in Western Ukraine in connection with specific factors of regional socioeconomic development. A retrospective analysis of the socioeconomic landscape in Western Ukraine has been conducted as a foundational step toward the subsequent evolution of university education. Furthermore, through a combination of theoretical exploration and the analysis of pertinent statistical data, a comprehensive retrospective evaluation of the state of university education in the region has been undertaken, with the aim of elucidating its alignment or divergence in relation to the prevailing circumstances precipitated by the Russian war of aggression.Recommendations for the enhancement of university education have been formulated, guided by the imperative to address the unique exigencies of the region comprehensively. The proposed recommendations, if implemented, are anticipated to satisfy the educational requirements of the region.An analysis of socioeconomic factors and contemporary trends in the development of Western Ukraine, which serves as a prerequisite for the exploration of the trajectory of university education in the region, is presented in the article. The article also delves into an examination of the research and educational potential, the current developmental status, and the competitive standing of university education within the region. It was stated that the ongoing evolution of university education in Western Ukraine must be attributed to a number of socio-economic factors stemming from the Russian war of aggression. These factors encompass the escalating significance of the region as a transit zone for internally displaced persons and migrants, the relocation of enterprises and companies, the fortification of cross-border cooperation, alterations in the employment landscape, and augmented demand for professions in construction, renewable energy, and the IT sector.

Screening-Evaluation of Regional Investment Projects for the Provision of State Financial Support Measures

The object of the study is regional investment projects (RIPS). The subject of the study is a methodological toolkit for assessing the investment attractiveness of regional projects, including criteria, indicators, methods and stages of making informed decisions about government financial support measures in relation to them. The relevance of the study is due to the state’s interest in the socio-economic development of regions under the conditions of sanctions pressure and the need to ensure effective spending of budget funds allocated to regional investment projects, which requires the formation of new methodological recommendations for evaluating projects implemented within the framework of state financial support measures. The purpose of the study is to develop methodological recommendations for screening and evaluating regional investment projects in order for public authorities to make informed decisions on providing financial support. The methods of comparative analysis, classification, regulatory regulation, statistical indicators, screening and investment assessment, and the method of hierarchy analysis were used. Methodological recommendations on screening assessment of regional investment projects are proposed, within the framework of which: 1) the characteristics of RIP are identified and their classification is considered; 2) the criteria for assessing the investment attractiveness of the project and its contractor (partner) are defined: general (the purpose of the RIP, its significance, the quality of project documentation) and special (economic, budgetary, social, environmental efficiency, performance feasibility, compliance with ESG principles of doing business, business image); 3) evaluation indicators and their thresholds, the achievement of which means the expediency of investing budget funds in the project. It is concluded that in order to make a decision on the provision of state financial support to RIP, it is necessary to achieve target values by indicators corresponding to three components: “State” (customer), “Project” and “Partner (contractor). At the same time, using the hierarchy analysis method, it was found that the investment attractiveness of the contractor has the greatest importance (weight) when choosing a project. The choice of the performer is based on screening of applicants according to the specified criteria.

Analysis of the Influence of Strategic Trends: Methodological Aspect and Application at the Regional Level

The article is devoted to the consideration of issues of analysis of strategic trends of various levels and nature in the context of the impact on the socio-economic development of regions. The purpose of the study is to expand the tools for trend analysis, as one of the key stages in developing the concept of a strategy for the socio-economic development of regions in accordance with the strategizing methodology of a foreign member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor V. L. Kvint. At the same time, the presented tools are relevant both to regional strategizing in general and can be used in the development of industry and corporate strategies. A hierarchical structure of trends, a scheme for decomposing trends into channels of influence, and proposals for the procedure for assessing their individual and joint influence are presented, for which both econometric modeling and statistical methods, as well as expert assessments, can be used. The application of the presented proposals is demonstrated by the example of decomposition and analysis of global trends, however, a similar algorithm is applicable for national, regional and subregional trends. Based on the results of the analysis, the conclusions were confirmed that trends contain and create multidirectional impulses for the strategized object, capable of both enhancing and neutralizing each other, and therefore they need to be analyzed in detail and taken into account when developing regional strategies to achieve maximum efficiency.

Assessing the impact of agriculture, coal mining, and ecological restoration on water sustainability in the Mu Us Sandyland

Balancing water demand for socio–economic development and ecosystem stability presents a challenge for regional sustainable management, especially in drylands. Previous studies have indicated that large–scale ecological restoration projects (ERPs) lead to a decline in terrestrial water storage (TWS) in the Mu Us Sandyland (MUS). However, the effects of other human activities (e.g., cropland reclamation, coal mining) on water resources remain unclear, raising concerns regarding water crisis and human–natural system sustainability. Through the utilization of coal mine location data, we found that the impact of coal mass loss on the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) products cannot be ignored in MUS, especially in the coal–rich northeastern part. Combining these data with auxiliary datasets, we observed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in TWS (−0.85 cm yr−1) and groundwater storage (GWS, −0.95 cm yr−1) in the MUS, with human activities accounting for 79.23 % of TWS and 90.45 % of GWS reductions, primarily due to increased agricultural and industrial water consumption. Agricultural water consumption increased 2.23 times from 2001 to 2020, attributed to enhanced water use intensity (62.6 %) and cropland expansion (37.4 %). Industrial water consumption in Shenmu, a representative coal county, experienced a 4.16–fold rise between 2001 and 2020. Despite these challenges, local governments have alleviated water stress, ensured food security, and increased household income by comprehensive management strategies, such as enhancing water–saving technology and enforcing stringent policies. Previous studies have overestimated the amount of water resources consumed by ERPs. However, ERPs has played a critical role in stabilizing the regional ecological environment and ensuring the region as a vital food and energy supplier. Our findings can guide for socio-economic development and water management policies in similar regions.

Сценарные прогнозы изменения социально-экономического развития субъектов РФ с учетом трансформации единого информационного пространства

Modern society is facing challenges related to global changes in the information technology sector, which have a significant impact on the socio-economic development of the subjects of the Russian Federation. The transformation of the information and communication space has a direct impact on the development of individual regions, necessitating the analysis and forecasting of these processes. In this context, the relevance of studying scenario forecasts of changes in the socio-economic development of regions, taking into account information transformations, is undeniable.

Correlation between income inequality and economic growth in Russian regions: new results based on the Granger causality test

The issue of income inequality is highly relevant in scientific literature. It is caused both by the population’s pursuit of achieving an acceptable level of social justice specific to a particular society and by the property, which is often attributed to income inequality, to negatively influence economic development and growth. This article conducts an analysis of cause-and-effect relations between income inequality in the Russian regions (measured by the Gini index) and the level of gross regional product (hereinafter referred to as GRP) per capita. The primary research method employed is the Granger causality test. The research is based on data from the Federal State Statistics Service on the socio-economic development of Russian regions. Direct and reversal causality tests were performed, revealing that GRP per capita influences income inequality, but not vice versa. Moreover, the logarithm of GRP per capita exhibits a bidirectional relationship with the Gini index for Russian regions. On the basis of the obtained results, it is concluded that for effective management of the issue of regional income inequality, it is advisable to use indirect methods of financial regulation instead of the direct ones and influence income inequality through indicators of GRP per capita in Russian regions, thereby creating conditions for an increase in the standard of living and average income.

A Multi-Scenario Simulation and Dynamic Assessment of the Ecosystem Service Values in Key Ecological Functional Areas: A Case Study of the Sichuan Province, China

The ecosystem service value (ESV) is an important basis for measuring an ecological environment’s quality and the efficient management of ecosystems. It is particularly necessary to explore a proven methodology for assessing and predicting ESV dynamics coupled with policy-oriented scenarios that can provide a theoretical groundwork for macro decision, particularly in the context of implementing ecological protection and restoration projects. This study selected the land cover (LC) of Sichuan Province at five periods and the spatiotemporal dynamic equivalent factor method to assess the ESVs from 2000 to 2020. Additionally, the study coupled the Markov chain and GeoSOS-FLUS model, and predicted the future pattern of ESVs under four future development scenarios. The results show that (a) the areas of forests, shrubs, waters, wastelands, wetlands, and impervious areas showed a continuous increase from 2000 to 2020, with the most frequent interchanges occurring among croplands, forests, and grasslands. (b) The implementation of ecological protection and restoration projects led to a 13,083.32 × 108 yuan increase in ESV, and barycenter of the ESVs is located in the northeastern part of Ya’an and exhibits a tendency to move towards the northeast. (c) The ESV aggregation pattern of each city has remained unchanged, with Ganzi being the only city with a high aggregation. Overall, there are more conflict cities than coordination cities between economic development and the ecological environment. (d) The total ESV in 2025 will continue to increase under all development scenarios, reaching a maximum of 50,903.37 × 108 yuan under the EP scenario. This study can provide insights for ecological planning decisions and sustainable regional socio-economic development.

The Level and Dynamics of Socio-Economic Development of Great Britain Regions in 2012-2020

The Level and Dynamics of Socio-Economic Development of Great Britain Regions in 2012-2020

SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: REGIONAL ASPECT

Purpose. Definition of the concept of «socio-economic development of regions» and systematization of directions of socio-economic development of regions. Methods. Techniques of inductive and deductive research, grouping, observation, comparison. The results. The measures that should be carried out to increase the competitiveness of the regions have been determined. Scientific novelty. Improvement of theoretical aspects and research of directions of socio-economic development of regions. Practical significance. The conducted research makes it possible to improve the theoretical foundations of the socio-economic development of regions, to analyze the directions of socio-economic development in order to increase the standard of living of the population, the volume and quality of public services and the stability of the regions, as well as to propose measures to increase the competitiveness of the regions.

Regional ecosystems of socially oriented entrepreneurship in Southern Kazakhstan

Goal – scientific work is based on defining conceptual approaches to the formation of regional ecosystem model of socially oriented entrepreneurship and identifying opportunities for its implementation for sustainable growth of socio-economic development of regions. Methods – bibliographic analysis of scientific articles in this area. The modeling method contributed to justifying the need to form a regional “business ecosystem”. The statistical method allowed to draw conclusions about the state and prospects for expanding social entrepreneurial activity in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Results – a review of literature sources made it possible to identify a direction aimed at solving social problems as the basic form of manifestation of socialization and inclusiveness of modern economy, ensuring its sustainable development by achieving not only the social efficiency of entrepreneurial initiative, but also economic profitability; the importance of various types of social projects is shown, which is based on fundamental principle of entrepreneurial practice, the essence of which is to ensure its self-sufficiency: non-profit organizations (NPO), including socially oriented ones. Conclusions – for effective and efficient use of potential of social startups in the context of sustainable development of society, it is necessary to study their phenomenon and develop ecosystem of corporate social responsibility not only at microeconomic level in individual and collective forms of the enterprise, but also in the macroeconomic format of the institution of regional ecosystem of socially oriented entrepreneurship, which is being formed as a network of interrelations between subjects of commercial, non-profit and public sectors, establishing the interaction of supply and demand for social value created. The main elements of ecosystem should be the state, social capital, market for social services and infrastructural support.

Comprehensive analysis of regional disparities in the distribution of income and welfare of the population in the Russian regions

   The modern Russian economy is characterised by considerable regional disparities concerning distribution of incomes and well-being of the citizens. These imbalances can be especially noticeable when analysing various sectors which play an important role in the economic progress of the regions. Within the framework of this study, based on a comparative analysis, the degree of dependence of the living standard on the electromechanical industry is assessed. The hypothesis is advanced that the outstripping growth of this sector has a significant positive impact on indicators of employment, income, and quality of life. Testing this hypothesis will make it possible to create a state policy for equalising the socio-economic development of Russian regions with consideration to the industry specialisation of their economies. Statistical data on personal income, quality of life indices, as well as specific indicators of industry progress in different regions of the Federation were used for the study. The employed methods of correlation and regression analysis identified the links between the level of sectoral development and economic well-being of the territorial units. The analysis showed that such regions as Moscow, St. Petersburg, where an infrastructure sector leads, and a number of oil-producing Siberian regions demonstrate higher indicators of income and quality of life. At the same time, subjects with a less developed sector, for instance some areas of the North Caucasus and Siberia, are experiencing difficulties in achieving similar levels of welfare.

Potential for industrial production development in the Republic of Bashkortostan and in neighbouring regions

   Socio-economic development of regions depends on the level of interaction between them on the basis of their industry specialisation.   The purpose of the study is to determine the potential for the industrial production development of the regions for further activation of interregional interaction.   Types of industrial production of the Republic of Bashkortostan and its neighbouring regions are the object of the study.   The paper assesses its development in dynamics and statics by type of activity. Its specialisation is determined, the leading types of economic activity are identified with the use of localisation coefficients and localisation intensity. The development level of industrial production in the Russian Federation and in the regions near the Republic of Bashkortostan have similar trends, however, sharp fluctuations occur in Chelyabinsk and Sverdlovsk regions. In these subjects, the largest share in manufacturing belongs to metallurgical production. Also many activities that are to be in the zone of increased localisation in terms of the turnover of an organisation and the number of employees are actually in the zone of low effective localisation. Industrial production in the Udmurt Republic and the Republic of Tatarstan is less affected by the fluctuations. In Bashkortostan, the largest share is occupied by extraction of coke and petroleum products. To strengthen technological sovereignty, it is necessary to activate the interaction between regions in industrial production.

ANALYSIS OF LABOR EFFICIENCY USING GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN ECONOMY (EXAMPLE OF NAMANGAN REGION)

In this article, the theoretical and practical aspects of the use of digital technologies in the analysis of socio-economic development of regions are studied. The trends of social development indicators and dynamics of Namangan region were analyzed using GIS technologies.

Sustentable Management of the Dinosaur Valley Park: Proposal for A Plan Aligned with The Sustainable Development Goals (ODS)

Objective: The aim of the research is to propose a Sustainable Management Plan for Vale dos Dinosaurs Park aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).&#x0D;  &#x0D; Theoretical Framework: The theoretical findings regarding Sustainability and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are described by (SILVA; LIMA, 2020), (Costa, 2023), and (CESAR et al., 2018), focusing on the approach to the definition and characterization of SWOT Analysis by Ulrich (2002) and Sapiro (2003), underpinning the investigative phenomenon. Manager (2009) bolstered the theme of sustainable development through SWOT analysis.&#x0D;  &#x0D; Method: The adopted methodology included the analysis of previous studies by Costa and Martins (2023) on the SWOT tool and Sustainability Indicators in the Dinosaurs Park in Sousa, Paraiba. Based on these sources, a strategic plan aligned with the UN Sustainable Development Goals, focused on environmental conservation, regional socio-economic development, and paleontological preservation of the Dinosaurs Park, was developed.&#x0D;  &#x0D; Results and Conclusion: The study emphasizes the relevance of SWOT analysis in sustainable management, identifying key points to boost competitiveness and profitability consciously. It integrates SWOT principles with sustainability indicators, aiming at environmental conservation and socio-economic development.&#x0D;  &#x0D; Research Implications: The research identifies opportunities for sustainable management of Vale dos Dinosaurs Park, such as recycling programs, energy conservation, and collaborations with community organizations. It proposes the development of a Sustainable Management Plan aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals, emphasizing effective strategies, adoption of new technologies, and partnerships with other parks to promote sustainability.&#x0D;  &#x0D; Originality/Value: The integrated and proactive approach to sustainable management of Vale dos Dinosaurs Park, proposing a Sustainable Management Plan aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), demonstrates a holistic and updated vision regarding the environmental and sustainability challenges faced by park management.