Social Science Citation Index Research Articles

텍스트마이닝을 이용한 신체활동 연구의 주제 분석: 아동 및 청소년

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine research trends in the field of physical activity (PA) of children and adolescents using topic modeling. Research questions were (1) what were the major research topics of PA in Korean citation index (KCI) and social science citation index (SSCI)? (2) What were hot topics and cold topics in PA research?<BR> Method: PA and youth-related peer-reviewed research papers were collected to map out the research trends and topics using the Web of Science database. This study analyzed abstracts of the youth physical activity papers published in KCI (N=967) and SSCI (N=13956) from 2020 to 2017. The data were analyzed using the text-mining package, y-Textminer and the visualization tool, Gephi.<BR> Results: Results showed that PA and youth-related scientific papers are classified into five categories: (1) Health outcome studies, (2) Measurement, PA levels & trend studies, (3) Determinants or correlates of PA, (4) Interventions papers, and (5) Policy and practice studies.<BR> Conclusions: First, the main topic of children’s and adolescent-related Korean PA research was interventions, while foreign studies focused on determinants of PA and health outcomes. Second, hot topics in PA research were interventions (e.g., children’s activity program, the practice of physical education classes), obesity prevention, and health outcomes (e.g. obesity, after-school exercise, etc.) in Korea. On the other hand, research topics such as policy and practice (e.g., adolescent obesity prevention) and health outcomes (e.g., academic achievement, mental health) showed an upward trend in foreign studies. Third, the cold topic related to PA was the environment and context of physical activity. Research topics on ecological perspectives, children with disabilities, neighborhood parks, etc., were cold topics in Korea. On the other hand, topics on nutrition, childcare environment, and after-school programs were cold topics in foreign studies.

The delivery of palliative and end-of-life care to adolescents and young adults living with cancer: a scoping review protocol.

This review will provide an overview of the evidence on the delivery of palliative and end-of-life care to adolescents and young adults living with cancer, by identifying knowledge gaps and discussing the key characteristics and types of evidence in this field. Adolescents and young adults receive their diagnoses at an important stage of development, and often access health systems that are ill-equipped to deal with them, leading to many unmet needs. Some of these needs can be addressed by holistic palliative care services. A better understanding of the literature in this area is needed to identify what is known about the delivery of care to adolescents and young adults. This review will consider studies that pertain to the delivery of palliative and end-of-life care for adolescents and young adults living with cancer. Relevant research may be in the context of ambulatory services, advance care planning, palliative care units, home care, hospices, and end-of-lifecare facilities. Studies that concern other oncology populations will be excluded. CINAHL (EBSCO), MEDLINE (Ovid), Embase (Elsevier), APA PsycINFO (EBSCO), and Web of Science (Science Citation Index Expanded and Social Sciences Citation Index; Clarivate Analytics) databases will be searched, along with other sources of gray literature. No date limit will be set. Two independent reviewers will screen titles and abstracts for studies that meet the review's inclusion criteria and the fulltext of eligible studies will be reviewed. Data from studies that are eligible for inclusion will be extracted using two independent reviewers and presented in a tabular form with an accompanying narrative summary.

Delivering relevance: The emergence of ESP as a discipline

Since its emergence in the 1960s, ESP has become a key aspect of language teaching and research. This paper traces the last 30 years of this journey to show its emergence from the periphery of applied linguistics to a serious force on the world stage. To do this we use bibliometric techniques to track changes in ESP research through an analysis of all 3,500 papers on the Social Science Citation Index since 1990 dealing with ESP topics. We identify which topics have been most prevalent and which authors, publications, journals and countries most influential over time. The results indicate that classroom practices remain central to the discipline and that there has been a consistent interest in specialised texts, particularly written texts, and in higher education and business English, with a massive increase in attention devoted to identity and academic and workplace discourses. The global interest in these questions is shown by the range of authors, diversity of geographical sources and the uptake of papers in a range of fields. We believe our findings may interest both ESP professionals in identifying crucial publishing areas and academics fascinated by the emergence of a new discipline.

Motherhood and decision-making among women living with HIV in developed countries: a systematic review with qualitative research synthesis

BackgroundWomen living with HIV (WLH) lack evidence-based information about reproductive options while managing pressures from family, clinicians, and communities to give up the idea of having children. As the reproduction intentions of WLH are not well understood, stigmatizing behaviors force them to hide their disease to avoid rejection by their family, partner, and social networks. Compliance with social norms, fear of stigma, and discrimination influence their experience. Current research is individual qualitative studies lacking the synthesis perspective necessary to guide intervention development. The purpose of this study was to synthesize the evidence to explain the reproductive decision-making process for WLH in developed countries.MethodsA systematic review with qualitative research synthesis was conducted through searches in 10 electronic databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, Scopus, Social Science Citation Index, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Cuidatge, Cuiden Enfispo, and SciELO). Studies published in journals from 1995 to 2019 with qualitative data about reproductive decision-making among WLH in developed countries were eligible for inclusion. Developed country was operationalized by membership in the OECD for comparative conditions of social wellbeing and economic stability. The CASP and JBI checklists for qualitative research were used to assess study quality and methodological integrity. Thematic analysis and qualitative meta-summary techniques were used for the synthesis.ResultsTwenty studies from 12 developed countries were included in the synthesis. Findings were organized into 3 meta-themes from 15 themes and 45 subthemes, including: (1) Shattered identity, (2) Barriers, inequities, and misinformation, (3) Coping, resiliency, and support. Reproductive decision-making was perceived as a complex process influenced by facilitators and barriers. The facilitators helped WLH cope with their new situation to become more resilient, while the barriers made their situation more difficult to manage.ConclusionWLH encounter reproductive decision-making with knowledge deficits and limited social support. An integrated approach to holistic care with comprehensive multidisciplinary counseling is needed to support WLH. Clinicians could benefit from professional development to learn how to be authentically present for WLH, including engaging in conversations, demonstrating compassion, and understanding situations. Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines need to be tailored for the family planning and sexual health needs of WLH.

Health, social care and technological interventions to improve functional ability of older adults living at home: An evidence and gap map.

By 2030, the global population of people older than 60 years is expected to be higher than the number of children under 10 years, resulting in major health and social care system implications worldwide. Without a supportive environment, whether social or built, diminished functional ability may arise in older people. Functional ability comprises an individual's intrinsic capacity and people's interaction with their environment enabling them to be and do what they value. This evidence and gap map aims to identify primary studies and systematic reviews of health and social support services as well as assistive devices designed to support functional ability among older adults living at home or in other places of residence. We systematically searched from inception to August 2018 in: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CENTRAL, CINAHL, PsycINFO, AgeLine, Campbell Library, ASSIA, Social Science Citation Index and Social Policy & Practice. We conducted a focused search for grey literature and protocols of studies (e.g., ProQuest Theses and Dissertation Global, conference abstract databases, Help Age, PROSPERO, Cochrane and Campbell libraries and ClinicalTrials.gov). Screening and data extraction were performed independently in duplicate according to our intervention and outcome framework. We included completed and on-going systematic reviews and randomized controlled trials of effectiveness on health and social support services provided at home, assistive products and technology for personal indoor and outdoor mobility and transportation as well as design, construction and building products and technology of buildings for private use such as wheelchairs, and ramps. We coded interventions and outcomes, and the number of studies that assessed health inequities across equity factors. We mapped outcomes based on the International Classification of Function, Disability and Health (ICF) adapted categories: intrinsic capacities (body function and structures) and functional abilities (activities). We assessed methodological quality of systematic reviews using the AMSTAR II checklist. After de-duplication, 10,783 records were screened. The map includes 548 studies (120 systematic reviews and 428 randomized controlled trials). Interventions and outcomes were classified using domains from the International Classification of Function, Disability and Health (ICF) framework. Most systematic reviews (n = 71, 59%) were rated low or critically low for methodological quality.The most common interventions were home-based rehabilitation for older adults (n = 276) and home-based health services for disease prevention (n = 233), mostly delivered by visiting healthcare professionals (n = 474). There was a relative paucity of studies on personal mobility, building adaptations, family support, personal support and befriending or friendly visits. The most measured intrinsic capacity domains were mental function (n = 269) and neuromusculoskeletal function (n = 164). The most measured outcomes for functional ability were basic needs (n = 277) and mobility (n = 160). There were few studies which evaluated outcome domains of social participation, financial security, ability to maintain relationships and communication.There was a lack of studies in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and a gap in the assessment of health equity issues. There is substantial evidence for interventions to promote functional ability in older adults at home including mostly home-based rehabilitation for older adults and home-based health services for disease prevention. Remotely delivered home-based services are of greater importance to policy-makers and practitioners in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. This map of studies published prior to the pandemic provides an initial resource to identify relevant home-based services which may be of interest for policy-makers and practitioners, such as home-based rehabilitation and social support, although these interventions would likely require further adaptation for online delivery during the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a need to strengthen assessment of social support and mobility interventions and outcomes related to making decisions, building relationships, financial security, and communication in future studies. More studies are needed to assess LMIC contexts and health equity issues.

Mediator Effect of Affinity for E-Learning on Mental Health: Buffering Strategy for the Resilience of University Students.

The pandemic affected the quality of life and wellness of the population, changing living habits through restriction measures. This study aimed to analyze the psychological impact of the fear of the COVID-19 pandemic and the adoption of e-learning for university students. The study was articulated in two research applications: the first application was a rapid review on the psychological effects of the pandemic on the emotional dimension of undergraduate students; the second application was an observational study on the effect of e-learning adoption in the pandemic emergency. In the first step, we performed a systematic search of MEDLINE through PubMed and the Web of Science [Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED); Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI); Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI)] of all scientific literature published from May 2020 to February 2021. The reviewed articles suggest the impact of the pandemic and lockdown measures on university students due to several mental symptoms, including anxiety, stress, depression, event-specific distress, and a decrease in psychological well-being. Psychological symptoms were related to the experience of several stressors, such as the risk for a reduction of academic perspectives, massive e-learning adoption, economic issues, social restrictions, and implications for daily life related to the COVID-19 outbreak. The second scientific application was conducted to evaluate the affinity for e-learning on a sample composed of Italian undergraduates exposed to massive e-learning adoption. The results evidence the positive influence of e-learning in academic programs for the wellbeing of undergraduates. The mediator effect of the affinity of youth for e-learning can be considered to have had a buffering effect for professional advancement and for the mental health of university students in a public health emergency.

Business model of garment enterprises: a scientometric review

The research on the business model of garment enterprises (BMGE) has expanded rapidly in the last decade. However, there is still a lack of comprehensive reviews of it, let alone visual research. Based on scientometrics, in this paper 118 papers and their 4803 references from Science Citation Index Expanded, Social Sciences Citation Index, Conference Proceedings Citation Index—Science, and Conference Proceedings Citation Index—Social Science &amp; Humanities for the period 2010–2020 about the BMGE were analyzed by visualizing the co-cited references, co-occurrence keywords, burst references, dual-map overlays, and more with CiteSpace, Google Maps, and VOSviewer. The research revealed the intellectual landscapes of the BMGE for the first time and mapped the landmark papers, hotspots and trends, national or regional distributions and their cooperation networks, highly cited authors, and prestigious journals and disciplines related to the BMGE. The results show that the biggest hotspot is the fast fashion business model; social responsibility, smart fashion, Internet of Things, and sharing fashion are the main emerging hotspots; and the research focuses has evolved from traditional business models to business models driven by new technologies, then to new issues such as circular economy models. The institutions are mainly distributed in China, the United States, and Western Europe, and there is cooperation between more than 11 countries. The most popular disciplines are economics and politics, while psychology, education, and social science are the essential basic disciplines. The Journal of Cleaner Production and Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management, among others, actively promoted the research.

Qualitative Research Methods in Translation Theory

This article analyses different methodological approaches adopted by theoretical articles published in translation studies journals. To account for the range of perspectives, a small corpus comprising articles from three journals listed in both the Thomson and Reuters Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) and the Arts and Humanities Citation Index (A&amp;HCI) was studied. The article discusses how the methods used could gain in rigor from being formalized. It begins by defining translation theory before outlining a corpus of articles to be studied. It then moves onto describing and discussing four methodologies to provide recommendations for conducting future research in translation theory.

Exercise psychology research in Taiwan over three decades: A quasi-systematic review

The purpose of this study was to explore the status of Taiwanese scholars' research in the field of exercise psychology in the past 30 years and to provide an overview of the research. With some modifications to Cooper's (2016) methodological instructions in research synthesis, a "quasi-systematic review" was adopted to collect, categorize and analyze Taiwanese scholars’ publications in the field of exercise psychology in the past three decades. The included papers were those published in international journals and the Taiwan Social Science Citation Index (TSSCI) journals. A total of 355 papers qualified for further analysis. Most selected papers were quantitatively-oriented. Also, we found both international and domestic journals had different features in terms of participants, research methods, and research topics. Further, we found that 73 papers (20.56%) examined “theoretical models of exercise behavior”; 271 papers (76.34%) examined “psychological effects of exercise”; 95 papers (26.76%) investigated “social cognition in exercise”; 272 papers (76.62%) studied “exercise and specific population”; and 20 papers (5.63%) were classified as applications/other.” Furthermore, in international journals, 140 papers (61.40%) were ranked as Q1; 57 papers (25.00%) as Q2; 27 papers (11.84%) as Q3, and 4 papers (1.75%) as Q4. In summary, Taiwanese scholars’ research in exercise psychology has unique features and topics. Government policy and research grants may explain the research directions and topics selected. It is suggested that Taiwanese scholars may expand their research beyond these limitations.

Visualising Corpus-based Discourse Studies from 1995 to 2019 by Using a Bibliometric Analysis

This study employed a bibliometric method to visualize the evolution of corpus-based discourse studies between 1995 and 2019, with a total of 2,174 English-language documents and their 83,184 references collected from Scopus, the Social Science Citation Index, and the Arts & Humanities Citation Index. Co-citation analysis of the predominant authors, references, and publication sources disclosed that the field has expanded over the past 25 years from primary pattern analysis of descriptive and functional grammar to principal investigations of interdisciplinary issues, some of which are central to pragmatics and sociolinguistics. This shift of research focus is also evidenced by keyword analysis. Scholars have been progressively more fascinated by such social issues as news discourse, business discourse, gender and language, and identity. Some emerging topics like social media, media discourse, legal discourse, and the metadiscourse interpersonal model may represent research hotspots and trends in this area. Bibliometric approaches play an important role in providing hands-on evidence-based comparisons and visualizations of previous research outputs using different time bands.

The Study of Diagnostic Value of Bipolarity Index for Bipolar Disorder in China: Meta-analysis of Sensitivity and Specificity.

Bipolarity index (BI) is one of the diagnostic scales that assist the diagnosis of bipolar disorder (BD), and should be analyzed comprehensively for use in China. We searched the Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WANFANG, and Chinese Social Sciences Citation Index (CSSCI) in Chinese to find literature from July 31, 2004 to July 31, 2020, for results related to BI in the diagnosis for bipolar disorder (BD), among which results such as comments, letters, reviews, and case reports were excluded. The rates of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value in diagnosis were synthesized and discussed.A total of 1237 patients were included in 5 studies. The criteria used for their selection were an anlysis of their results on the BI, and the diagnostic indexes of BI for BD in China.Thesensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of BI for BD in China were summarized in every study.Results: A total of 1237 subjects were included in 5 studies. The random effect model was used to account for the data with RevMan 5.2. The results showed that the diagnostic sensitivity of BI was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.93-1.00), and the specificity was 85% (95% CI: 0.69-0.96). The positive predictive value (PPV)was 74% (95% CI: 0.53-0.91). The negative predictive value (NPV) was 95% (95% CI: 0.81-1.00), and accuracy was 86% (95% CI: 0.77-0.93). Significant heterogeneity was detected across studies regarding these incidence estimates.Conclusion: The ideal diagnostic value of BI was found, although the studies showed significant heterogeneity. The results must be cautiously and attentively interpreted, in comparison to other diagnostic scales, to perfect the use of BI in clinical psychiatry.

Knowledge Graph of China’s Executive Compensation Gap: Visual Analysis Based on CiteSpace

This study selected 473 local research articles on executive compensation from core journals in the China Academic Journals (CNKI) full-text database and the Chinese Social Sciences Citation Index (CSSCI) from 2003 to 2020. Then, the bibliometric analysis method was adopted and conducted in regard to the number of articles published, authors, research institutions, high-frequency keywords, etc. In view of the increasing studies of this field, this study showed that a few scholars and institutions with high academic influence have been involved in the research on executive compensation gap in China. The results from this study revealed that the research on the relationship between executive compensation gap and firm performance as well as the moderating variables between them were topics of interests. In the context of the increasing compensation gap which had become a global interest, the research on management power and promotion incentives have established their significance as important research frontiers.

Duloxetine versus \u2018active\u2019 placebo, placebo or no intervention for major depressive disorder; a protocol for a systematic review of randomised clinical trials with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis

BackgroundMajor depression significantly impairs quality of life, increases the risk of suicide, and poses tremendous economic burden on individuals and societies. Duloxetine, a serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, is a widely prescribed antidepressant. The effects of duloxetine have, however, not been sufficiently assessed in earlier systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Methods/designA systematic review will be performed including randomised clinical trials comparing duloxetine with ‘active’ placebo, placebo or no intervention for adults with major depressive disorder. Bias domains will be assessed, an eight-step procedure will be used to assess if the thresholds for clinical significance are crossed. We will conduct meta-analyses. Trial sequential analysis will be conducted to control random errors, and the certainty of the evidence will be assessed using GRADE. To identify relevant trials, we will search Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, Excerpta Medica database, PsycINFO, Science Citation Index Expanded, Social Sciences Citation Index, Conference Proceedings Citation Index—Science and Conference Proceedings Citation Index—Social Science & Humanities. We will also search Chinese databases and Google Scholar. We will search all databases from their inception to the present. Two review authors will independently extract data and perform risk of bias assessment. Primary outcomes will be the difference in mean depression scores on Hamilton Depression Rating Scale between the intervention and control groups and serious adverse events. Secondary outcomes will be suicide, suicide-attempts, suicidal ideation, quality of life and non-serious adverse events.DiscussionNo former systematic review has systematically assessed the beneficial and harmful effects of duloxetine taking into account both the risks of random errors and the risks of systematic errors. Our review will help clinicians weigh the benefits of prescribing duloxetine against its adverse effects and make informed decisions.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO 2016 CRD42016053931

Psychological Impact of the COVID-19 Outbreak on Mental Health Outcomes among Youth: A Rapid Narrative Review.

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak has affected not only physical health but also mental health and psychological wellbeing. This narrative review aimed to map the literature on the psychological impact on the young generation of the COVID-19 pandemic, social restrictions, and extraordinary measures to curb the spread of coronavirus. We performed a systematic search of MEDLINE through PubMed and Web of Science [Science Citation Index Expanded, SCI-EXPANDED), Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), and Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI)] of all scientific literature published from May 2020 until 15 March 2021. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 15 articles were included. We conducted a narrative review. The reviewed articles suggested the impact of the pandemic and lockdown measures on young persons for several mental symptoms as well as anxiety, stress, depression, event-specific distress, decrease in psychological wellbeing, and changes in sleep habits. Psychological symptoms were related to the experience of several stressors, such as risk for reduction of academic perspectives, massive e-learning adoption, economic issues, social restrictions, and implications for daily life related to the COVID-19 outbreak. This narrative review points out the negative psychological impact of the pandemic outbreak and the high vulnerability of the young in the development of psychological distress, highlighting the relevant focus on the mental health of young people during the pandemic and the need for structured and tailored psychological support and interventions focused to the improvement of Quality of Life of university students after the pandemic experience.

Understanding the linkages of smart-city technologies and applications: Key lessons from a text mining approach and a call for future research

There have been many attempts to transform cities into smart cities worldwide. However, it is difficult to understand and describe smart cities from different perspectives, given the widespread application of the concept of smart city in diverse disciplines, such as urban planning, electronic engineering, and computer sciences. This work conducted a comprehensive smart city literature review based on text mining of 3,315 papers on smart cities published in journals indexed in the Science Citation Index Expanded and Social Sciences Citation Index databases. These include “all papers” classified as research articles published from 1999 to April 2020. Our findings show the state of the art of research on smart cities, including (i) smart city literature statistics from 1999 to 2019, (ii) 23 research topics related to smart cities, and (iii) geographical variations in smart-city research. Based on these findings, we offer theoretical and practical implications of (1) missing fields of studies, (2) future research directions, and (3) the applicability of text-mining techniques to literature reviews. We believe that this work, which aims to establish a common ground for understanding smart cities from multiple disciplinary perspectives, will encourage further research and development regarding smart cities.

Measurement properties of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in patients with hyperhidrosis: protocol for a systematic review

BackgroundHyperhidrosis is a chronic skin condition that impairs the patient’s quality of life (QoL). There are several patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for patients affected by hyperhidrosis available; however an evidence-based assessment of their quality has not been undertaken so far.ObjectiveIn our systematic review, we aim to identify all existing PROMs that were developed and/or validated for measuring patient-reported outcomes in patients with hyperhidrosis and assess their measurement properties in a transparent and structured way to give a recommendation for future clinical research.Methods/designOur systematic review aims to contain all PROMs developed and/or validated for patients with hyperhidrosis. We will perform a highly sensitive, systematic literature search including the databases MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), and Science Citation Index Expanded and Social Sciences Citation Index (Web of Science). Especially studies which evaluate, describe, or compare measurement properties of PROMs for patients with hyperhidrosis will be considered as eligible. Two independent reviewers will judge the eligibility of the studies found in the literature search. The study and PROM characteristics will be summarized in evidence tables. The methodological quality of each study will be assessed using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) Risk of Bias checklist. We will apply predefined and consensus-based quality criteria for good measurement properties. Subsequently, the quality of the evidence will be graded. Furthermore, aspects on interpretability and feasibility will be described. A final recommendation will be given.DiscussionIn our systematic review, we aim to provide a comprehensive description of the quality of all existing PROMs for patients with hyperhidrosis. The assessment of measurement properties, interpretability, and feasibility will serve as a guidance regarding the selection of PROMs for future clinical hyperhidrosis trials.Systematic review registrationPROSPERO CRD42020170247

Early warning systems in maternity care: protocol for a qualitative evidence synthesis of maternity care providers' views and experiences.

Background: Early warning systems (EWS) have been widely adopted for use in maternity settings internationally. The idea in using these systems is early recognition of potential or actual clinical deterioration in pregnant or postpartum women, and escalation of care. Barriers to successful implementation and use of EWS, however, have been identified. If EWS are to be applied consistently, a greater understanding of the views and experiences of EWS from the perspectives of those using and applying EWS in maternity practice is needed. This protocol describes a qualitative evidence synthesis of maternity care providers' (midwives, obstetricians, and allied maternity care professionals) views and experiences of EWS use and application in practice. Methods: Studies will be included in the review if they report on maternity care providers use and application of EWS in any birth setting. Qualitative studies and studies of mixed methods design, where qualitative data can be extracted separately, will be included. To source relevant literature the electronic databases of MEDLINE, CINHAL, Web of Science Core Collection (incorporating Social Science Citation Index) and Maternity and Infant Care (MIDIRS), from date of inception, will be searched. The methodological quality of the included studies will be appraised using the 12-criteria of the assessment tool developed by the Evidence for Policy and Practice Information and Co-ordinating Centre. Thematic synthesis will be used for synthesising the qualitative data from included studies. The confidence in the findings will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation-Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research. Conclusions: The findings of this qualitative evidence synthesis may provide valuable information on the barriers, challenges, and facilitators for EWS use based on the experiences of those directly involved in EWS application in maternity care provision. PROSPERO registration: CRD42021235137 (08/04/2021).

Interventions for young people aging out of the child welfare system: A systematic literature review

IntroductionYoung people aging out of the child welfare system face significant barriers to their transition into adulthood including issues related to housing, employment, education, and involvement in the criminal justice system. To be able to develop effective, evidence-based interventions that can help support them, we need to understand which aspects of current interventions work, under what conditions and for whom they work. The present systematic review synthesizes available scientific evidence on interventions for youth transitioning out of the child welfare system in high-income countries. MethodsWe conducted a systematic review using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) 2009 checklist. We used a comprehensive search strategy across six electronic databases to identify relevant scientific publications: Medline, CINAHL, Scopus, PsycINFO, Social Sciences Citation Index and Social Work Abstracts. Following duplicate removal, abstract and full-text screening, we ultimately included 30 studies in the final review. Following risk of bias assessment and data extraction, we chose narrative synthesis to summarize findings from quantitative, qualitative and mixed-methods studies by intervention themes. ResultsWe identified eight intervention themes across evaluated interventions: independent living readiness; policy changes allowing youth to remain in care beyond the age of majority; mentorship; art/mindfulness; education support; employment support; self-empowerment; and informal learning opportunities. Independent living readiness programs are the most commonly studied programs. Results on their effectiveness are mixed, showing positive results for employment outcomes, improved housing stability, lower legal system involvement and decreased levels of mental health problems, but not for educational attainment or social support. Results from studies on the effectiveness of policy changes that allow youth to remain in care beyond the age of majority and on employment support programs were mixed. Studies on mentorship programs, educational programs, art/mindfulness programs provide no evidence of effectiveness. ConclusionThe scarcity of rigorous evaluation studies renders the identification of components for effective interventions to support youth transitioning out of care difficult. While results found in the current systematic review offer an evidence-base for the development of effective interventions for youth transitioning out of care, more rigorous evaluation studies are needed to help understand what works, in what context and for what populations of transitioning youth.

Mapping trends and knowledge structure of energy efficiency research: what we know and where we are going.

Energy efficiency (EE) is an evolving research aspect for researchers, businesses, and policymakers for its undeniable role in meeting increasing energy demand, reducing CO2 emissions, and tackling climate change. This paper provides a review of the current state of EE research by mapping the research landscape in business and economics to understand the socioeconomic dimensions within these research areas. To identify key information, we examine the trends and characteristics of 2935 relevant scientific publications over a 30-year period from 1990 to 2019 in the Social Science Citation Index of the Web of Science database using bibliometric analysis with a R language package called 'bibliometrix'. Our analysis shows an increasing trend in publications from 2006 onwards; the period remarkably coincides with the implementation phase of the Kyoto protocol in 2005. Accordingly, we observe that EE research has a strong association with issues like CO2 emissions, climate change, sustainability, and the growing importance of these issues in recent years. Thus, our findings provide crucial understandings by incorporating a wide array of scientific outputs in response to calls for greater theoretical clarification of EE research. These findings provide insights into the current state of the art of, and identify crucial areas for future, research. Hence, our research assists in formulating environmentally sustainable policies to tackle the adverse effects of CO2 emissions and related climate change through providing critical grasps on the scholarly development related to EE.

A Discussion of Measuring the Top-1% Most-Highly-Cited Publications: The Case of China

The top-1% most-highly-cited articles are watched closely as the vanguards of the sciences. Using Web-of-Science data, one can find that China had overtaken the USA in the relative participation in the top-1% (PP-top1%) in 2019, after outcompeting the EU on this indicator in 2015. However, this finding contrasts with repeated reports of Western agencies that the quality of China’s output in science is lagging other advanced nations, even as it has caught up in numbers of articles. The difference between the results presented here and the previous results depends mainly upon field normalizations, which classify source journals by discipline. Average citation rates of these subsets are commonly used as a baseline so that one can compare among disciplines. However, the expected value of the top-1% of a sample of N papers is N / 100, ceteris paribus. Using the average citation rates as expected values, however, errors are introduced by (1) using the mean of highly skewed distributions and (2) a specious precision in the delineations of the subsets. Classifications can be used for the decomposition, but not for the normalization. When the data is thus decomposed, the USA ranks ahead of China in biomedical fields such as virology. Although the number of papers is smaller, China outperforms the US in the field of Business and Finance (in the Social Sciences Citation Index; (p<.05). Using percentile ranks, subsets other than indexing-based classifications can also be tested for the statistical significance of differences among them.