Social Media In Indonesia Research Articles

THE EFFECTS OF CELEBRITY ENDORSEMENT, CELEBRITY ATTRIBUTES, BRAND IMAGE AND E-WOM ON PURCHASE DECISIONS THROUGH INSTAGRAM

Indonesia has significant social media users globally. One of the most popular social media in Indonesia is Instagram. Through Instagram,companies can do marketing with celebrities as an endorser. Celebrity endorsements attract consumers' attention and encourage consumers into purchasing decisions. Consumer perception of a celebrity is determined by his or her attractiveness, expertise and credibility. Another factor that affects consumer purchasing decisions is the brand image. Nowadays, plenty of companies are using Instagram to build consumer assurance. Consumers also avail themselves to Instagram to provide reviews on products so that it may be taken into account byother consumers to purchase these products. This phenomenon defines as E-WOM (Electronic Word of Mouth). This study aims to determine the effect of celebrity endorsement, celebrity attributes, brand image and E-WOM on purchasing decisions through Instagram
 . With 298 respondents, data were collected through Google Forms SPSS 26 for the Mac used to analyze these data using the multiple regression analysis techniques. This research showed that celebrity endorsement, celebrity attributes, brand image, and E-WOM positively and significantly affected purchasing decisions through Instagram.

Love Grounding Cooler as a Warning to Last-Day Believers

The purpose of this study is to analyze whether the growing coldness of love in the lives of some believers is a warning sign for them in these last days. The approach in this study is a descriptive qualitative method with data collection through various sources such as the Bible and literature, journals, books and interviews. Indonesian social media is currently buzzing with a dramatic case of the premeditated murder of a police officer. Ironically, both those who planned the murder, the victim and who executed or shot the victim are all Christians, which raises a fundamental question: where is love known as the hallmark of the Christian faith? Is the growing love in the lives of some believers a warning sign to them in these last days? The result: The growing coldness of love is a warning to the latter-day believers to repent because some of them continue to live in self-serving worldly passions and ignore the central principle found in Christianity: the love for God reflected through love for each other

Pengaruh Social Media Marketing terhadap Purchase Intention yang Dimediasi Customer Trust Produk MS Glow

<p><em>The increasing development of beauty & personal care in Indonesia due to social distancing and work-from-home regulations during the Covid-19 pandemic. People's shopping patterns have changed from offline to online due to the Covid-19 pandemic. So this causes marketing patterns that have changed due to technological developments and are driven by the Covid-19 pandemic factor to become a problem for marketers or business people to continue to innovate and adapt. This research is quantitative research with the survey method as an instrument in data collection</em><em>. </em><em>The collection of respondent data in this study was obtained using a non-probability sampling technique of purposive sampling, with a total of 162 (one hundred and sixty-two) respondents who have never made a purchase on Ms. Glow products and are active users of Instagram social media in Indonesia. </em><em>The results showed that all the hypotheses examined in the study had a significant effect. Based on these results, it can be concluded that social media marketing can have a significant influence on buying interest mediated by consumer trust.</em></p>

Ujaran Kebencian Terhadap Islam di YouTube di Indonesia Periode Januari-Juni 2021

The phenomenon of hate speech against religions including Islam in Indonesia is a serious problem. One of the ways to spread hate speech against Islam is by using social media such as YouTube. This problem is already regulated in Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning ITE (Information and Electronic Transactions) in Article 28 Paragraphs 1 and 2 and Article 45A Paragraph 2. This study aims to observe the phenomenon of hate speech in general and hate speech against Islam in particular, on YouTube social media in Indonesia during the period January-June 2021. This study is qualitative in nature and based on library research. The study found that the phenomena of hate during the period under study, in general, increased. However, such an increase is not stable. It highly increases during the General Election season in 2019. During the period January-June 2021, the study at least three accounts which directly attacks Islam, namely, Muhammad Kece, Joseph Paul Zhang, and Saifuddin Ibrahim. The nature of hate speech against Islam carried out by those three accounts comes in the form of insulting, harassment, slander, provocation, and hoaxes. Islam prohibits hate speech and stipulates it as a criminal act with the category of ta'zir. The Indonesian government has also taken firm steps to eradicate hate speech on social media. However, this problem has not been resolved properly due to the difficulty of controlling the use of social media.
 Keywords: Hate Speech; Islam; YouTube

Ujaran Kebencian Terhadap Islam di YouTube di Indonesia Periode Januari-Juni 2021

The phenomenon of hate speech against religions including Islam in Indonesia is a serious problem. One of the ways to spread hate speech against Islam is by using social media such as YouTube. This problem is already regulated in Law Number 11 of 2008 concerning ITE (Information and Electronic Transactions) in Article 28 Paragraphs 1 and 2 and Article 45A Paragraph 2. This study aims to observe the phenomenon of hate speech in general and hate speech against Islam in particular, on YouTube social media in Indonesia during the period January-June 2021. This study is qualitative in nature and based on library research. The study found that the phenomena of hate during the period under study, in general, increased. However, such an increase is not stable. It highly increases during the General Election season in 2019. During the period January-June 2021, the study at least three accounts which directly attacks Islam, namely, Muhammad Kece, Joseph Paul Zhang, and Saifuddin Ibrahim. The nature of hate speech against Islam carried out by those three accounts comes in the form of insulting, harassment, slander, provocation, and hoaxes. Islam prohibits hate speech and stipulates it as a criminal act with the category of ta'zir. The Indonesian government has also taken firm steps to eradicate hate speech on social media. However, this problem has not been resolved properly due to the difficulty of controlling the use of social media.
 Keywords: Hate Speech; Islam; YouTube

Development of a Conceptual Framework for Relationships between Social Media Marketing and Intentions to Stay at Five-Star Hotels

Data shows that social media users continue to increase worldwide, particularly in Indonesia, and the time they spend accessing social media. There are 191.4 million active users of social media in Indonesia. The average time spent accessing social media is 3 hours 17 minutes per day, which is higher than the world average, i.e., 2 hours 27 minutes. Research has been conducted on using social media as a marketing tool in the hotel industry. Still, no study assessed the star hotel consumers'' perceived usefulness and trust of social media marketing activities, including the celebrity effect of endorsers and intention to stay or buy services provided by star hotels (purchase intention). Celebrity endorsers are a new phenomenon in social media marketing. By looking at this phenomenon, this research aims to investigate: (1) the factors that influence the relationship between social media marketing and the intention to stay at the hotel and (2) the social media marketing concept framework that influences hotel stay intentions. This study uses a combination of Sequential Explanatory research methods. In the first stage, quantitative methods were used to draft a Conceptual Framework for the Relationship between Social Media Marketing and Intentions to Stay at Star Hotels. In the second stage, qualitative methods were used to validate the conceptual framework. Findings reveal that all indicators, i.e., advertisements, celebrity effects, customization, e-WOM, entertainment, interaction, trendiness, perceived trust, and perceived usefulness, are relevant and relate to purchase intention to stay in a hotel.

Paradigm Shift: From Ownership Issues to Political Mediatization

The political economy approach that focuses primarily on ownership issues has reached a saturation point and, at the same time, has some limitations. It could not explain the shift that occurred in the democratization process in Indonesia regarding the use of social media in Indonesia. Therefore, this paper offers a political mediatization paradigm in the relationship between media and democracy in the 2019 Presidential Election and the democratic trend in the 1955–2019 elections. This research suggests a map of media usage and the tendency of democracy in Indonesia’s 1955 - 2019 General Election and four quadrants of media and political mediatization with two main axes. The first axis has two poles: the media that promote democracy and the media that undermine democracy, and the second axis with the poles of politicizing media and political mediatization. The first quadrant is media that promotes democracy, and there is the mediatization of politics. The second quadrant is media that promotes democracy, and political media is politicized. The third quadrant is the mediatization of politics and media that undermines democracy. The last quadrant shows the politicization of media and media that undermine democracy.

THE IRONY OF INTOLERANCE OF AL-QUR'AN INTERPRETATION ON INDONESIAN SOCIAL MEDIA

Social media is one of the most influential things in human life. Its utilization is no longer for social interaction, more than that, it is used as a very effective shifting paradigm for the wider community. This article seeks to explore the irony of intolerance to the message of the Qur’an in Indonesian social media on one of the Da'wah Youtube channels. Using analytical descriptive method, this research is focused on da’wah YouTuber Firanda Andirja. The results of this study indicate that Firanda's da'wah youtube channel explores Islamic law in daily life and the interpretation of the verses of the Qur'an. In the interpretation of the Qur'anic verse, he does not use ta'wil, ta'thil and takyif so as to produce a rigid interpretation of other religious ideological group. The religious nuances that he adheres to make his interpretation cannot be purified from his ideology, so that it seems to defend a certain religious group is intolerant of other groups. Firanda's thought needs to be deconstructed, because the explanation of his interpretation contains rigid criticisms that are classified as being intolerant of the customs and culture of the Indonesian so that the explanation will actually cause new problems, especially since the interpretation was born in Indonesia which has multi-cultures and religions. So, the interpretation is not suitable when used as a moral-oriented interpretation reference.

A Comparative Analysis of Classification Algorithms for Cyberbullying Crime Detection: An Experimental Study of Twitter Social Media in Indonesia

Purpose: This research aims to identify content that contains cyberbullying on Twitter. We also conducted a comparative study of several classification algorithms, namely NB, DT, LR, and SVM. The dataset we use comes from Twitter data which is then manually labeled and validated by language experts. This study used 1065 data with a label distribution, namely 638 data with a non-bullying label and 427 with a bullying label.Methods: The weighting process for each word uses the bag of word (BOW) method, which uses three weighting features. The three-word vector weighting features used include unigram, bigram, and trigram. The experiment was conducted with two scenarios, namely testing to find the best accuracy value with the three features. The following scenario looks at the overall comparison of the algorithm's performance against all the features used.Result: The experimental results show that for the measurement of accuracy weighting based on features and algorithms, the SVM classification algorithm outperformed other algorithms with a percentage of 76%. Then for the weighting based on the average recall, the DT classification algorithm outperformed the other algorithms by an average of 76%. Another test for measuring overall performance (F-measure) based on accuracy and precision, the SVM classification algorithm, managed to outperform other algorithms with an F-measure of 82%.Value: Based on several experiments conducted, the SVM classification algorithm can detect words containing cyberbullying on social media.

COVID-19 HOAX DISINFORMATION DURING THE PANDEMIC IN INDONESIA

Hoaxes related to Covid-19 continue to increase on social media in Indonesia. As one of the largest internet users in Indonesia, hoax production is predicted to continue to occur. This research wants to map the hoax of Covid-19 news, especially related to vaccine news in Indonesia. Data were obtained from the hoax buster page of the Committee for Handling Covid-19 and Aptika Kominfo from January 18 to May 28, 2021, as many as 36 hoaxes. This research is important to be a guide to understanding hoaxes so that anti-hoax activists can formulate effective hoax prevention strategies. The results of this study found that most of the hoaxes were related to misleading information about the impact of vaccines, found as many as 12 news stories spread through social media on Facebook, more specifically spreading distrust of the government. Other hoax themes are partly targeting some individuals who deliberately use the name of a doctor to provide misleading information. The covid-19 hoax that spreads a lot has a pattern of attach, sort, straighten, resettle, and break. That is, hoax makers make use of images or text from real events and then changed them according to certain intentions and purposes.

An Exploration Respond of COVID-19 Policy through Social Media in Indonesia

This paper explores public responses through social media to the COVID-19 policy in Indonesia; public response to the COVID-19 policy shows that information about COVID-19 is sourced from crowd sources, thus creating misinformation on health information. To answer the research purpose, this research uses NodeXL to explore policy responses through social media Twitter; data collection was carried out from 3-25 July 2021. The result shows the public response to the COVID1-19 policy in Indonesia through topic distribution on social media Twitter. From these findings, 10 topics on social media became public responses to COVID-19 policies. This topic addresses the public's response to the COVID-19 condition in Indonesia and the policies taken by the government. We classify these topics based on the characteristics of public responses that indicate certain conditions such as vaccine policies, medical device crises, hoax information, collaboration, and political conditions. However, this research has limitations on access to the data taken. Therefore, further research can explore the function of social media in post-COVID-19 policies.

Implementing Environmental Communication Strategy Towards Climate Change Through Social Media in Indonesia

Indonesia is not exempt from the globally increasing environmental complexities (particularly climate change). Following Cox’s (2013) environmental communication strategy, this research aimed to review environmental communication strategies by environmental non-governmental organizations (ENGOs) with the “Bye Bye Plastic Bags” campaign through social media in Bali, Indonesia. This study also examined the communal perspectives of the “Bye Bye Plastic Bags” campaign execution. An in-depth interview was performed with five ENGO respondents and two community counterparts to obtain the study aim. Resultantly, ENGOs incorporated Cox’s (2013) four-phase environmental communication strategy for the campaign (assessment, planning, production, and action and reflection). The ENGOs employed digital platforms (Instagram and Facebook) during the campaign for knowledge transfer. Additionally, community respondents denoted the campaign as a good initiative in substantially reducing garbage-littering among Bali tourists. As it was claimed (by community respondents) that the campaign only emphasized younger individuals, both respondent groups implied the need to expand the target audience across all generations as environmental intricacies were a social issue.

Abusive comment identification on Indonesian social media data using hybrid deep learning

<span lang="EN-US">Half of the entire social media users in Indonesia has experienced cyberbullying. Cyberbullying is one of the treatments received as an attack with abusive words. An abusive word is a word or phrase that contained harassment and is expressed be it spoken or in the form of text. This is a serious problem that must be controlled because the act has an impact on the victim's psychology and causes trauma resulting in depression. This study proposed to identify abusive comments from social media in Indonesian language using a deep learning approach. The architecture used is a hybrid model, a combination between <a name="_Hlk99537661"></a>recurrent neural network (RNN) and long short-term memory (LSTM). RNN can map the input sequences to fixed-size vectors on hidden vector components and LSTM implemented to overcome gradient vector growth components that have the potential to exist in RNN. The steps carried out include preprocessing, modelling, implementation, and evaluation. The dataset used is indonesian abusive and hate speech from Twitter data. The evaluation result showed that the model proposed produced an f-measure value of 94% with an increase in accuracy of 23%.</span>

The role of Social Media Marketing in increasing Brand Awareness, Brand Image and Purchase Intention

In recent years, social media is not only used for social interaction activities, but is also used as a medium for doing business. Especially at this time when the whole world is facing the covid 19 pandemic, where most countries make decisions about closing and restricting several physical places, which have been used to carry out business activities, entrepreneurs are trying to optimize digital media and social media as a strategy to market their products. This study aims to determine the role of social media marketing in increasing brand awareness, brand image and purchase intention. The design of this research is hypothesis testing. The study uses the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method with a sample of 331 respondents who are active users of social media in Indonesia, for at least 2 years and have purchased products marketed on social media. The results show that social media marketing activities based on entertainment, interaction, trendiness, customization, and word-of-mouth have a positive influence on brand awareness, brand image, and purchase intention. Furthermore, brand awareness has a positive influence in mediating social media marketing activities on purchase intentions, and brand image also has a positive influence in mediating social media marketing activities on purchase intentions. Thus, so that consumer intentions to buy products can increase, online shop owners can increase awareness and positive image of the brand, and to increase brand awareness and positive image of the brand, online shop owners can increase their marketing activities through social media.Keywords: Social Media Marketing, Brand Awareness, Brand Image, Purchase Intention.

THE RE-EXISTENCE OF MURALS AS A MEDIUM OF CRITICISM IN THE MODERN DIGITAL ERA

One viral topic among Indonesian social media users in 2021 is the controversy regarding the removal of a mural in the public sphere by Authorities in many Provinces. This mural phenomenon is inversely proportional to the current condition where information and communication technology has developed rapidly as to why traditional methods of criticism such as murals reappear in today's modern era. In contrast, modern society prefers to use digital tools such as smart gadgets. This article explains the logical correlation of mural re-existence as a critical medium in the digital era. This research was designed as a descriptive qualitative study, and this research data was taken from pictures of viral deleted murals on social media. The analysis reveals that the re-existence of the mural as a critical medium in public spaces is due to the many cases of police reports related to the UU ITE. Besides, murals are more persuasive and direct, as means murals cause certain effects for the observer.

Configuration the Thought of Islamic Law Throught Social Media in Indonesia

This study shows the reasoning behind Islamic law, which has recently become popular, along with the popularity of preachers through social media. Three themes of analysis are discussed in this study: the law of wishing Merry Christmas, the law of celebrating birthdays, and the law of music. Judging from the source, this research is text research. The text to be studied is in the form of lectures by well-known preachers on YouTube social media. This study uses an interdisciplinary approach, which combines discourse analysis with Islamic legal philosophy (ushul fiqh). The mapping of Islamic legal reasoning in this study is seen from two aspects, namely, the aspect of legal status and the aspect of legal methodology. This study found that the contestation occurred from legal status, as evidenced by the diversity of sources' opinions on the three issues examined here. In the methodological aspect, the contestation continues, both at the stage of the reasoning model, discovering maqshid sharia, and developing the theory of Islamic law. This study also found that using reasoning models positively correlated with the legal status they conveyed.

Teenagers' Perception of Cyberbullying on Instagram

This study explores and describes the perceptions of teenagers living in Perum TNI-AL, Candi, Sidoarjo toward cyberbullying on Instagram. The use of social media in Indonesia is rapidly growing. Its development is especially felt by teenagers. However, the use of social media by this group can have both positive and negative impacts on teens. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the perception of teens on and the impact of cyberbullying. The results showed that teenagers in Indonesia are cautious while using social media.
 Keywords: perception, teenagers, cyberbullying, Instagram

Racism Toward Chinese Ethnic Group in Indonesian Social Media: Hate Speeches Analysis from Forensic Linguistic Perspective

Anti-Chinese sentiments are still deeply ingrained in the Indonesian public discourse. The issue of their identity and position triggers to many discriminatory actions toward them. The purpose of this study is to analyze hate speech against Chinese ethnic group expressed in Indonesian social media which has officially evaluated as a legal offense by the authorities. The theories of speech acts from Austin (1962) and Searle (1969) for a forensic linguistic study are employed to examine the hate speech as utterances and evaluate them in the context of Indonesian legal regulations. The data were obtained from Direktori Putusan Mahkamah Agung from 2019 - 2021. The results of the analysis reveal that hate speech portrays hurtful feelings and harmful attitudes. It is reflected by malice (expressive speech act), insult, or accuse (assertive speech act), persuasions so that others commit crimes (directive speech act), and crime plans in the future (commissive speech act). Then, there are ten forms of pejorative labels for the Chinese ethnic group. Race-based hate speeches expressed in the online media are prohibited according to Article 28 paragraph (2) of The ITE Law Article Number 19 of 2016. They are prejudiced action, violate human rights and cannot be considered as freedom of opinion and democracy because of their dangerous perlocutionary effects. The effects can provoke discriminatory action and even crime. Keywords: anti-Chinese, chinese ethnic group forensic linguistics, hate speech, racism.

EXPRESSION OF EMOTION AS IMPOLITENESS MARKERS IN INSTAGRAM COMMENTS SECTION IN INDONESIA: A PRAGMATIC STUDY

The development of social media in Indonesia has increased sharply and is marked by the use of social media by almost half of Indonesia's population. One of the social media that Indonesians are interested in is Instagram. On Instagram, users can carry out social, economic, cultural, and language interactions. Thus, it is significant to study language interactions used to mark the emotional expression of speakers through the use of curses. The present study is entitled “Expression of Emotion as Impoliteness Markers in Instagram Comments Section in Indonesia: A Pragmatic Study”. The study aims to describe the form, reference, and impact of using emotional expressions as impoliteness markers. The meaning of the emotional expression in this study is limited to the use of swear words on three popular Instagram accounts in Indonesia. This study used the descriptive qualitative method. Data were collected using observation and note-taking techniques and then classified based on form, reference, and impoliteness. The theory used in this research is the theory of the form and reference of swear words in Indonesian developed by Wijana (2004) and the theory of impoliteness by Culpeper (2008). Based on the results of the study, it is known that the swear words in the Instagram accounts which are used based on their form consist of words, phrases, and clauses. The references of swear words that appeared include characteristics/conditions, animals, objects, body parts, spirits, activities, and professions. The form and reference to the curse words mark (a) positive impoliteness, (b) negative impoliteness, and (c) sarcasm or pseudo-politeness. These three forms of impoliteness occurred because what the speakers said contradicted what was considered by the interlocutors, and what was stated by the speakers was considered to violate the cultural norms/values ​​that exist in Indonesia, so the interlocutor resorted to scolding to express their emotional expressions. The research findings can be used to understand the culture of how Indonesians express their thought and feeling on social media. Furthermore, the research contributes to increasing literacy of language politeness in social media.

Internalised stigma of epilepsy in Indonesian social media communities : an observational study

Internalised stigma of epilepsy in Indonesian social media communities : an observational study