Smart Economy Research Articles

Theoretical foundations of the smart city concept

The article deals with smart city concepts and their theoretical definitions. A smart city must have a smart social system integrated into the city’s activities and management processes. The smart city is defined in the scientific literature by various dimensions. This article examines three main smart city dimensions: community, economy, public management. A smart city is characterized by the empowerment of representatives of the city community to actively participate in the management of the city’s operational processes. The smart economy quickly and resourcefully uses new opportunities, implements knowledge and innovations. Smart public management makes timely decisions and promptly implements them.

New Towns In Algeria Purism Of Plans & Perspectives Vs. Perplexity Of Policy-Makers

The New Towns policy in Algeria is a planning tool of the SNAT National Strategic Plan (2030), which aims to correct the double distortion of the national urban hierarchy and promote the post-oil smart economy. The country is facing continuous urbanisation of coastal areas and growth of some major cities, especially the capital. Contrary to the vetted plans, alluring 3D images and virtual animations approved and shown in the media, the implementation process looks quite fuzzy and faces many challenges. Some of the launched New Towns are lagging behind schedule and are being converted into mass housing only programmes. Others are temporarily on hold. The aim of the study is to assess current planning practises in the light of global experience. The extensive literature review provides key principles that help to validate these experiences. The paper aims to draw the attention of decision-makers to the gap between master plans and current practises, and provides unedited information on the scarce knowledge about New Towns in the country.

DETERMINANTS OF THE FORMATION OF CHINA'S SMART ECONOMY

The development of China's smart economy has been heavily influenced by the government's strategic policies and investments in key technologies. One of the key technologies driving China's smart economy is the Internet of Things (IoT), which involves connecting machines, devices and sensors to the Internet for real-time data collection and analysis. This enables the optimisation of production processes and improved efficiency in industries such as manufacturing. The Chinese government has actively promoted the adoption of IoT technologies in manufacturing through policies such as the Made in China 2025 plan and the Internet Plus strategy. Another essential technology for China's smart economy is big data, which enables intelligent decision-making in various industries such as finance, healthcare and transportation. The government has encouraged the development of big data infrastructure, including data centres and cloud computing, to support the growth of the industry. Initiatives such as the National Big Data Comprehensive Pilot Zone have been established to promote the development of the big data industry. Artificial intelligence (AI) is also a key technology for China's smart economy, and the government has made significant investments in AI research and development. In 2017, China announced its plan to become a world leader in AI by 2030, with the aim of building a domestic AI industry worth $150 billion. The government has launched initiatives, such as the AI Development Plan, to build an AI ecosystem and promote the integration of AI with traditional industries. Robotics is another critical technology for China's smart economy, particularly in manufacturing. The government has encouraged the use of robots in manufacturing through tax incentives and subsidies, making China the world's largest market for industrial robots. The government aims to further develop the robotics industry to meet the needs of China's smart economy. In conclusion, China's smart economy is driven by strategic policies and investments in key technologies such as IoT, big data, AI and robotics. The government has launched various initiatives to support the development and integration of these technologies with traditional industries, with the aim of building a sustainable and innovative smart economy. These technologies play a critical role in China's industrial upgrading and transformation, and their continued development and adoption are expected to shape the future of China's economy and global competitiveness.

Proffering Ranks to the Smart Cities based on the Data Received from IoT Devices using Visualization Techniques

Innovative lifestyle in cities upgraded the smart infrastructure and sustainable significance in the countries worldwide. A new approach is proposed to analyze the smart-city indexing across the world based on the key features to proffer the city ranking. The key features like smart-mobility refers to the Intelligent movement of citizens, smart environment refers to improvement in the efficiency of inhabitance within the city, smart governance used in applying innovative technological implementation to provide service, smart economy refers to the improvement in various urban aspects and livelihood. Proposed approach focuses on classifying the smart innovative infrastructural implementation in the urban livelihood for city data visualization and proffering cluster ranks by validating the proffering with Convolutional-Neural Network (CNN). To collect the data, we used IoT sensors information by integrating the sensors of six feature metrics in city-hubs. The huge data collected from the sensors are utilized to perform the smart-city visualization. Data are analyzed using statistical procedure by grouping the similar data to applying folium cluster techniques and fuzzy mapping. A detailed description and analysis of smart indexing are grounded by proffering effectively, in addition the subsequent research analysis is recommended for the researchers.

Implementasi Sistem Pemerintah Berbasis Elektronik Dalam Mewujudkan Smart City Di Dinas Kominfos Denpasar Bali

The smart city action plan for the city of Denpasar Bali includes: 1) human resources 2) nfrastructure, 3) applications, and 4) smart city literacy. Meanwhile, in building a smart city there are six pillars, namely smart governance, smart society, smart living, smart economy, smart environment, and smart branding. In 2020 Denpasar City ranks 1st Smart City with Surakarta in the framework of the movement program towards 100 Smart Cities Indonesia.The 2021 Electronic-Based Government System Index is 3.19 which is in the good category and is in the Top 5 RKCI that year. The Denpasar Bali City Communication, Information and Statistics Service (Kominfos) has taken several steps to implement e-government in realizing a smart city. Some of these steps include building an e-gov portal, increasing accessibility, using the right technology, establishing partnerships with the private sector, developing mobile applications. By implementing e-gov and developing a smart city, the Denpasar-Bali City Communication and Informatics Agency is able to improve the quality of public services, facilitate public access to information and public services, and increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the performance of the Denpasar city government.

PERBANDINGAN IMPLEMENTASI PROGRAM SMART CITY DI PULAU JAWA DAN SUMATERA

Smart cities have spread all over the world and are becoming popular. The important dimensions of a smart city consist of a smart economy, smart mobility, smart environment, smart people, smart living, and smart governance. There are as many as 25 cities that are pioneers of smart cities in Indonesia. Smart city planning is a global agenda as a conceptual and practical response to various urban crises in an increasingly worrying world. The legal basis for implementing the smart city program has been regulated by law. The focus of development is on basic urban facilities and infrastructure. Smart cities take advantage of technology. The increasing flow of globalization requires various countries to compete. The government cooperates to harmonize the interests and goals of various sectors. A number of smart city programs have been implemented in various districts/cities on the islands of Java and Sumatra. Every city government competes to brand its city. bibliometric mapping using network visualization and Co-Word density. Smart City which supports efforts to increase development and management of cities based on information and communication technology as well as to support services in the health sector is one of the needs that must be met by the community.

SMART ECONOMY AND DEVELOPMENT OF CITIES AND REGIONS IN THE CONDITIONS OF MODERN CHALLENGES

The article is devoted to the analysis and determination of the development prospects of cities and regions based on the smart economy and in the conditions of modern challenges. The authors summarized scientific approaches to the essence of "smart cities" and "smart regions". The authors pay special attention to the analysis of foreign experience, in particular Poland, regarding the experience of the development of the information society with the aim of further development of smart cities and regions

Developing New Indonesia Circular Economy Indicators: A Lesson Learnt from European Union

Circular Economy (CE) right now has been a point of interest among countries in the world as a commitment of the Paris Agreement to solve global environmental problems, which are simultaneously beneficial to economics. However, presently there is no single indicator available that easily be used as a CE standard due to various stresses among the countries. There are different approaches among countries in developing CE indicators, although they are still within the scope of the environmental and economic aspects. CE indicators could be developed based on region covering several countries, government/country level, and company level. Those indicators refer to the region and government policy and market or users of the product and a society where its public area would receive waste that the company might produce. This review will discuss only European Union and Poland, representing regions and countries. A region like the European Union (EU) considers ten indicators for CE, consisting of 21 sub-indicators. These indicators include self-sufficiency in raw materials, procurement for the green public, waste generation, food waste, recycling rate, recovery of specific waste streams, recycled materials to raw materials demand contribution, raw material trade-in, investment, jobs, and gross value-added, patents of secondary and recycling raw materials. While Poland, as a member of the EU, developed 25 CE indicators based on the seven dimensions of the economic point of view, such as economic prosperity, zero waste, innovative, renewable energy- based economy, low carbon, smart economy, and spatially effective economy. Implementing a Comparative Analysis Method that compares one indicator to another, the results show that 6 of 10 indicators belonging to the EU overlap with four indicators of 25 belonging to Poland. Covering all indicators of both regions and countries, thus it would become 29 selected indicators that might be useful for developing Indonesia CE- Indicators, which are presently unavailable yet.

FORMATION OF A DIGITAL EDUCATION MODEL IN TERMS OF THE DIGITAL ECONOMY (BASED ON THE EXAMPLE OF EU COUNTRIES)

The relevance of the study is that the digital challenge is important and stimulating, requiring the formation of digital education in the digital economy. The purpose of the article is to develop a model of digital education as a factor of improving the efficiency of digital competencies that contribute to the development of the digital economy. The object of research is the formation of a digital education model as a factor in the implementation of digital literacy. The subject of the study is the impact of the digital education model on the development of the digital economy. The methodology for researching digital education, which cultivates a smart economy, smart governance and smart people, is represented by the Agile methodology (flexible adaptive), based on the use of the values of artificial intelligence and deep learning, which can create effective tools for education, increasing their effectiveness through rapid change. The results of the study: 1) analyzes the formation of digital competencies in the context of the European educational paradigm that contribute to the development of the digital economy; 2) identifies the directions of implementation of digital competencies in the context of the European educational paradigm; 3) reveals digital tools and educational platforms that contribute to the formation of digital education; 4) formulates the concept of quality, inclusive, accessible digital education as a factor in improving digital competencies and adapting education to the digital age; 5) traces the impact of digital education and digital competencies on the development of the digital economy. The concept of digital education contains both its potential and its risks, which can have serious consequences for the future of the educational process if digital literacy is not developed. The combination of four factors – cultural change, technological innovation, national policy leadership and internal development of the digital education system – stimulates the digital transformation of society.

Forecasting changes in the macroeconomic situation in Switzerland: the smart economy of the future

The global economy creates unequal conditions for the development of different countries in terms of their endowment with resources, the ability to use technologies, the availability of financing, etc. However, today a pool of countries with the most powerful and stable economies has been formed. Among these countries is Switzerland considered by most economists to be perhaps the most stable and predictable country in Europe. The prerequisites for this status are the implementation of a balanced financial, budgetary and foreign economic policy for a long time, and as a result, today Switzerland is an attractive investment destination and a fairly influential country in the international arena. A retrospective analysis of statistical data on the country's development with further forecasting of basic indicators makes it possible to form a general idea of the prospects for the development of the Swiss economy and determine how its development will take place in the context of implementing modern approaches to the formation of the smart economy of the future. The study used general scientific and special scientific research methods, adhered to the principles of objectivity, scientificity, specificity, and systematicity. To conduct the study, 26 of the most relevant scientific sources on the chosen topic were processed. Given the relevance of the study, its purpose was to specify the directions of further development of the Swiss economy based on a forecast of macroeconomic indicators, as well as to determine the factors of success of the state in the context of the modern smart economy and the general processes of digitalisation of economic life. As a result of the study, the following results were obtained: the main macroeconomic indicators which can be considered as a reflection of the economic situation in the State as a whole were identified, and accordingly, their forecast will allow forming a comprehensive picture of the state of the Swiss economy and financial sector; the selected macroeconomic indicators were forecasted; the prospects for the development of the macroeconomic situation in Switzerland in the context of modern economic life digitalisation and development of the smart economy were determined. The conclusions indicate that the obtained results will make it possible to identify the key factors of the success of the Swiss economy and to formulate directions for its further development in the context of the modern smart economy and digital technologies.

Fog computing-assisted path planning for smart shopping.

A Smart City (SC) is a viable solution for green and sustainable living, especially with the current explosion in global population and rural-urban immigration. One of the fields that is not getting much attention in the Smart Economy (SE) is customer satisfaction. The SE is a component of SC that is concerned with using Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to improve stages of the traditional economy. In this paper, we propose a fog computing-based shopping recommendation system. Our simulations used Al-Madinah city as a case study. It aims to improve the customer shopping experience. Customers in shopping malls can connect to the system via Wi-Fi. Then the system recommends products to the shoppers according to their preferences. It optimizes shoppers' schedules using price, the distance between the shops, and the congestion. It also improves customers' savings by up to 30%. It also increases the shopping speed by up to 6.12% compared to the system proposed in the literature.

Comprehensive modernization and innovative development of the SMART economy of the future

The article examines the SMART economy concept and basic principles. The problems and prospects for the implementation of SMART specialization in the economy in the context of globalization processes, digitalization, and technological progress are identified. The described research in this article is based on 20 relevant scientific papers by Ukrainian and foreign authors. Based on the analyzed sources, current trends in economic development are compared with those that occurred in the past. Such an analysis allowed seeing in dynamics the directions and pace of development of the future economy. It is determined that the implementation of the SMART-concept leads to long-term strategic structural changes in the economy of each individual region and the country as a whole. The author's vision of improving the approach to economic development with the use of SMART specialization is proposed.

Analisis Pengembangan Komponen Smart Village di Desa Limpung

Smart village is the development of a concept where village people are in a community that solves regional problems by utilizing their potential resources intelligently, wisely and efficiently and elevating local customs and culture, as well as applicable norms. Based on this explanation, of course the concept of a smart village cannot be separated from the five main components, namely smart governance, smart environment, smart economy, smart mobility, and smart tourism. As one of the villages implementing the smart village program, Limpug Village as one of the pilot villages for the implementation of the smart village program in Batang Regency has several problems that occur in implementing the smart village program which can be reviewed based on the five main components of the smart village concept. This research aims to determine the implementation of the smart village component in the implementation of the smart village program in Limpung Village. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative research method with data collection.

Smart Agriculture and Rural Revitalization and Development Based on the Internet of Things under the Background of Big Data

Smart agriculture refers to the specific performance of the smart economy in the field of agriculture; it is a form of agricultural smart economy and an important part of the smart economy. It has played a certain role in promoting rural revitalization and development. The purpose of this paper was to study the role of smart agriculture based on the Internet of Things in rural revitalization and development under the background of big data. The purpose was to use Internet of Things technology to realize smart agriculture under the background of big data, so as to promote rapid rural revitalization and development. Therefore, in this paper, a fuzzy PID algorithm and genetic algorithm were proposed. Finally, through experimental analysis, the fuzzy PID algorithm was used to carry out experiments in the laboratory. The temperature and humidity of the laboratory were measured. The average difference between the collected and actual temperature values was 0.6 °C, and the maximum difference between the collected and actual humidity values was 1.32% RH. The laboratory simulation results satisfied the performance indicators and technical requirements of the system. The system operated normally and could be directly applied to field tests. The experimental results show that the role of Internet of Things technology in the smart agricultural economy is irreplaceable, which further illustrates the positive relationship between smart agriculture based on the Internet of Things and rural revitalization and development. As one of the most mature technologies in today’s society, the Internet of Things technology combined with smart agriculture not only offers new perspectives, but also promotes the revitalization and development of rural areas, indicating a new direction for its future research.

Peran Smart City dalam Menentukan Pergerakan Penduduk Kota Sebelum dan Sesudah Pandemi Covid-19 di Kota Surabaya

This article aims to describe changes in citizens' movement during the Covid-19 and determine the role of smart cities in influencing these changes. The main ploblem in this research is the emergence of Covid-19 which has had an impact on hindering the movement of citizens' activities. In this case, not all cities in Indonesia that implement smart cities can handling this impact. This research was conducted using a mix-methods. The data was collected through questionnaires and secondary data. This data was then analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. This research concludes that the emergence of Covid-19 has had its own impact on the activities of Surabaya citizens'. Even though in general the significant impact only occurs on educational activities, the capacity of citizens to implement digital transformation accelerated by the emergence of Covid-19 still needs to be improved. With the implementation of smart cities in the city of Surabaya, it actually plays a role in overcoming the negative path of Covid-19 in the movement of population activities. Even so, the optimal application of smart cities in handling Covid-19 in the Surabaya still depends on its citizens. In this case, citizens must ensure their involvement and activeness in using and developing these innovations. For the Surabaya City government, smart city development still needs to be carried out, especially in the dimensions of smart people, smart mobility, smart environment and smart economy.

SMART VILLAGE READINESS USING DECISION TREE ANALYSIS THE CASE OF BANYUMAS REGENCY INDONESIA

Digital transformation is now inevitable for anyone, individually and organizationally, including village government organizations. Therefore, the village government must be ready to transform into a smart village. The smart village component consists of smart government, smart environment, smart economy, smart mobility, smart people, and smart living. This study aims to analyze the readiness of local communities for smart villages. This research uses quantitative methods, where the population is local people. Kalikidang Village, located in Sokaraja, Banyumas regency, was used as a case study. The number of respondents was 20, taken through proportional random sampling techniques. Data analysis techniques use decision trees that are processed through Rapidminer software. The results showed that individual characteristics significantly influence the readiness of smart villages where the domicile attribute is the most influential

Energy Savings in Buildings Based on Image Depth Sensors for Human Activity Recognition

A smart city is a city that binds together technology, society, and government to enable the existence of a smart economy, smart mobility, smart environment, smart living, smart people, and smart governance in order to reduce the environmental impact of cities and improve life quality. The first step to achieve a fully connected smart city is to start with smaller modules such as smart homes and smart buildings with energy management systems. Buildings are responsible for a third of the total energy consumption; moreover, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems account for more than half of the residential energy consumption in the United States. Even though connected thermostats are widely available, they are not used as intended since most people do not have the expertise to control this device to reduce energy consumption. It is commonly set according to their thermal comfort needs; therefore, unnecessary energy consumption is often caused by wasteful behaviors and the estimated energy saving is not reached. Most studies in the thermal comfort domain to date have relied on simple activity diaries to estimate metabolic rate and fixed values of clothing parameters for strategies to set the connected thermostat’s setpoints because of the difficulty in tracking those variables. Therefore, this paper proposes a strategy to save energy by dynamically changing the setpoint of a connected thermostat by human activity recognition based on computer vision preserving the occupant’s thermal comfort. With the use of a depth sensor in conjunction with an RGB (Red–Green–Blue) camera, a methodology is proposed to eliminate the most common challenges in computer vision: background clutter, partial occlusion, changes in scale, viewpoint, lighting, and appearance on human detection. Moreover, a Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) is implemented for human activity recognition (HAR) because of its data’s sequential characteristics, in combination with physiological parameters identification to estimate a dynamic metabolic rate. Finally, a strategy for dynamic setpoints based on the metabolic rate, predicted mean vote (PMV) parameter and the air temperature is simulated using EnergyPlus™ to evaluate the energy consumption in comparison with the expected energy consumption with fixed value setpoints. This work contributes with a strategy to reduce energy consumption up to 15% in buildings with connected thermostats from the successful implementation of the proposed method.

Influence of Web Design, Usefulness, Ease of Use, and Enjoyment on Beauty and Cosmetics Online Purchase Intention towards a Popular Brand in Thailand

This study intends to develop Hat Yai's Smart ICT model. IoT, Big Data, Cloud, etc. This study will help Hat Yai's governor create a Smart City and Smart ICT solution. It helps discover the Smart City component that will benefit residents most while maintaining faithfully to the city's original development goal. This research will also help create Smart ICT solutions for Smart City development. A Smart Society, Smart Environment, and Smart Economy fit Hat Yai City's development strategy. The project aims to find a relationship between IoT, Big Data, Cyber-Physical systems, and Cloud Computing. The researcher surveyed 565 respondents in Hat Yai, Thailand, both those whose world is important to Smart ICT or the Internet of Things, Big Data, Cyber-Physical systems, and Cloud Computing and those who are not, and evaluated the data using Pearson Correlation. Internet of Things (IoT) technology is linked to a Smart Society, Smart Environment, and Smart Economy. Big Data helps build a Smart Society. Cyber-Physical System result demonstrates a relationship between a Smart Society and Smart Environment, and Cloud Computing shows a relationship.

An Overview of Cyber Threats, Attacks and Countermeasures on the Primary Domains of Smart Cities

A smart city is where existing facilities and services are enhanced by digital technology to benefit people and companies. The most critical infrastructures in this city are interconnected. Increased data exchange across municipal domains aims to manage the essential assets, leading to more automation in city governance and optimization of the dynamic offered services. However, no clear guideline or standard exists for modeling these data flows. As a result, operators, municipalities, policymakers, manufacturers, solution providers, and vendors are forced to accept systems with limited scalability and varying needs. Nonetheless, it is critical to raise awareness about smart-city cybersecurity and implement suitable measures to safeguard citizens’ privacy and security because cyber threats seem to be well-organized, diverse, and sophisticated. This study aims to present an overview of cyber threats, attacks, and countermeasures on the primary domains of smart cities (smart government, smart mobility, smart environment, smart living, smart healthcare, smart economy, and smart people). It aims to present information extracted from the state of the art so policymakers can perceive the critical situation and simultaneously be a valuable resource for the scientific community. It also seeks to offer a structural reference model that may guide the architectural design and implementation of infrastructure upgrades linked to smart city networks.

DIGITALIZATION PROCESSES AND MAIN DISSEMINATION DIRECTIONS IN RA, 2000-2022

Digitization and digital technologies have become the driving force of the modern economy. As in the economic and political world, here, too, states and societies are at different stages of development. All of them, including RA, started digitization processes from the infrastructure stage. Few have moved on to the other stages of development: automation and the smart economy. During the research, we analyzed the digitization strategy of RA and RA government policy from 2000-2022. Our research aims to visualize the digitalization stages and its characteristics in RA. The country's digitalization strategy is a key document that is called to lead and regulate the digital environment and its development path. Having adopted the digital strategy, RA is trying to develop digital technologies and infrastructures without considering the next development steps. RA should pursue a state policy to interpret and apply technologies that have made or promise a great revolution in the IT sector. Also, RA should implement decentralization by expanding the directions and areas of application of digital technologies.