Smart Economy Research Articles

Smarter organizations: insights from a smart city hybrid framework

Smart cities (SC) are communities that use digital technology infrastructure to improve the lives of the individuals and groups, while increasing the productivity and competitiveness of their organizations. This paper suggests that innovative organizations should be designed under the same principles that make smart cities better places to live and work in. In order to do so, Smart Organizations should be redesigned in three levels: firstly, they should rethink their systems and structures to support more flexible processes and facilitate collaboration from a distance, while taking measures to improve the work environment and reduce the ecological impact of their activities. This infrastructure level borrows on the SC concepts of Smart Mobility / Smart Environment. Secondly, they should adapt their knowledge management systems to encourage the emergence of more collaborative and innovative communities in their ecosystems while facilitating more participative, transparent and open decision-making processes among all stakeholders. This intermediate level borrows on the SC concepts of Smart Economy and Smart Governance. Finally, they should attract and develop talented, creative, skilled and diverse knowledge workers who contribute to a corporate culture of innovation through learning, sharing and growth while at the same time creating meaningful values, social cohesion and well-being at work. This top level, much lower in technology intensity, builds upon the two lower levels and borrows on the SC concepts of Smart People and Smart Living. This article conducts a multi-case study of 18 innovative companies that have adopted several elements of the hybrid smart city model to (re)design their organizations. The cases illustrate 18 performance sub-categories that could help innovative organizations think about the way they can combine their lower level “hard” components with their upper level “soft” ones in order to better adapt to smart city environments.

What Makes Indian Cities Smart? A Policy Analysis of Smart Cities Mission

Despite widespread practices worldwide and increasing research centred on smart urbanism, there is no universal definition for ‘smart cities’. More importantly, a growing line of research warns about the north-centric notion of smart city research which underestimates the fast rate of uptake in the global South. In a search for a contextually informed definition of smart cities, the paper focuses on India: Home to one-third of the global South population, and the cradle of the ambitious Smart City Mission to develop 100 smart cities nationwide. It investigates the Smart City Proposals (SCPs) prepared for the first 20 smart cities prioritised, as part of the Mission. Findings offer a typology of smart city approaches; and shed light on the smart dimensions prioritised (e.g. smart governance, smart citizen and smart infrastructure) versus those overlooked (e.g. smart environment and smart economy) at the smart city policymaking level in India. The paper calls for further empirical research to investigate how the typologies pan out at the implementation of smart cities across the nation.

Smart City and Its Application

The purpose of this research is to find out the implementation of smart economy program carried out by the Bandung City Government. This research was conducted using descriptive analysis with literature review. The results of this research were the theories and data relating to the title from the relevant agency, so the result could be known that the problem in smart economy was the socialization of the smart economy concept still ineffective and inadequate infrastructure for this program. Until now, Bandung City Government continues to make progress in the implementation process of the programs in smart economy sector. Thus, the impact of implementing smart economy is able to improve economic governance effectively for market traders in Bandung City.

Would Be Smart Balinese Cities (Indonesia): An Exploratory Case Study

The word “Smart Cities” is the new buzzword in every corner of the world. Many countries across the continents are trying to plant new smart cities or in the conversion process of existing cities. Bali (Indonesia) also seems to be in a conversion process of its Brown Field Cities. This research manuscript attempts to explore the Bali (Island) as a Smart Island regarding Smart Environment, Smart Economy, Smart Governance, Smart Mobility, Smart Living and Smart People dimensional perspective. This research manuscript has adopted a triangulation method for thematic narration since the study is qualitative and case study. The study explored that still Bali/Balinese cities is/are still baby stepping of smart cities plantations. There needs to be lot of work has to be done to become Smart Bali Island. The findings will help the Bali government to understand how far they could become full-fledged Smart Island by providing the Quality of Life to citizens and economic development of Bali

Constructing Sustainable Coastal Ecological Environment: A Hierarchical Structure for Sustainable Smart Ports

Yang, Y.; Xue, X.; Gao, Y.; Zhang, H., and Du, X., 2020. Constructing sustainable coastal ecological environment: A hierarchical structure for sustainable smart ports. In: Zheng, C.W.; Wang, Q.; Zhan, C., and Yang, S.B. (eds.), Air-Sea Interaction and Coastal Environments of the Maritime and Polar Silk Roads. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 99, pp. 358–363. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.The sustainable smart ports can effectively promote the interconnection of important nodes among the Maritime Silk Road, effectively prevent Maritime risks and reduce the pollution of coastal ecological environment. However, few studies have discussed smart port from a sustainable perspective, while lack a systematic integration framework to guide the development of sustainable smart ports. This paper draws on the triple bottom line theory and creatively proposes three new dimensions of smart society, smart economy and smart environment, then attempts to use the combination of fuzzy set theory, DEMATEL, and ISM to evaluate the causal relationship between attributes and explore the interrelationship between levels so that a multilevel hierarchical structure model is established. The research results show that policy support, integration, knowledge and skills are the most important factors in the sustainable smart ports which provide a theoretical guidance for building a sustainable coastal ecological environment.

Appraisal of the drivers of smart city development in South Africa

The quest for smart cities and development has been on the increase among infrastructural development stakeholders, including clients, government agencies responsible for the management of infrastructures, construction professionals, sponsors, and financiers of these projects. However, studies around the world have shown that less attention is being paid by these stakeholders to various indices and measures of smart cities. These measures and indices, known as drivers, are smart environment, smart economy, smart people, smart governance, smart mobility, and smart living. Using these drivers and their indicators, a multiple-choice questionnaire was designed in line with existing and relevant literature materials in the subject area. These questionnaires were administered on construction professionals with relevant and adequate knowledge of smart construction. Smart environment was found to be a major driver of a smart city while smart people, smart governance and smart living are also key to the achievement of the goals and objectives of the concept. The developed key smart city drivers are a workable, adaptable and efficient city design mechanism and it will be useful for city planners, statutory agencies as well other stakeholders in the development of smart cities.

Perspectives of smart cities in South Africa through applied systems analysis approach: a case of Bloemfontein

There is a changed perspective regarding the development of cities and increasingly many countries in the West and some developing countries, as in South Africa, are making concerted attempts to transform their cities to smart cities. Using the context of the city of Bloemfontein, South Africa and drawing on the perceptions of stakeholders, the objective of the paper is to offer a perspective on such a transformation. The study first assessed the performance of various factors and attributes that influence three important aspects of a smart city: economy, mobility and governance system. It then recorded the viewpoints of stakeholders about how these aspects can contribute to the development of a smart city. Further, Applied Systems Analysis (ASA) linked System Dynamics (SD) conceptual models based on the interlinkage and causal feedback relationships among various factors under each aspect were developed, which could assist in offering perspectives that would enable eliciting of policy interventions to develop smart cities. Findings indicate that there are potentials and positive indicators in all three aspects. It is emerged that reinforcement of the inter-relationship among entrepreneurship, innovation, productivity, economic image and international embeddedness will foster a smart economy. Efficient public transportation and advancement of Information Communication Technology (ICT) system will strengthen local accessibility and ensure an innovative, sustainable and safe transportation system that will result in smart mobility. Effective participation of stakeholders in the decision-making process alongside the elected city council and transparency will aid smart governance. The combined effect of these attributes should enable the transformation of the city to a smart city.

A Systematic Literature Review on The Dimensions of Smart Cities

Smart city represents a new future framework which integrates multiple information and communication technology (ICT), which provides solution to cope with urban challenges and at the same time to improve the quality of life of the citizens. However, it is still an unclear concept with no standardised nomenclature that could be effectively describing itself and lacking in standardised criteria and framework to visualise the concept. This paper aims to review smart city literature to achieve the understandings on the fundamentals of smart city. The research procedure focuses on the dimensions of the smart city. The studies selected from two major databases; Scopus and Science Direct. The selection process involves searching for literature sources and screening and filtering the studies based on titles, abstracts, and full-text reading. Final 28 documents are selected and adopted in this study. Based on the review, it is identified that there are 11 dimensions that contributes to the development of smart cities; smart economy, smart governance, smart people, smart environment, smart infrastructure, smart technology, smart living, smart mobility, smart water and waste, smart security and smart agriculture. Thus, the findings provide insights for scholars researching on the subject, and the parties considering applying them into practice.

Tourism, Culture and Heritage in a Smart Economy. Third International Conference IACuDiT, Athens 2016

Tourism, Culture and Heritage in a Smart Economy. Third International Conference IACuDiT, Athens 2016

Smart city research advances in Southeast Europe

Smart city (SC) research is an engaging research area as evidenced by a rising number of publications indexed in the most relevant global citation databases. However, research advances are not equally discussed and distributed within Europe. This study puts a focus on the specific geographic location of Southeast Europe (SEE), intending to fill the gap in understanding the research advances in this part of Europe. The aim of this descriptive review was to systematically investigate peer-reviewed publications focused on SC research in SEE in order to present the findings and the state-of-art in this research domain. Seventy-four papers were thoroughly studied, analysed and classified based on their focus on SC themes and common sub-themes. While smart governance had been studied extensively in the SEE region, topics related to the smart economy and smart people received low attention from researchers. Mapping the selected papers to the Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) cycle showed that SC research in SEE is still in the conceptualising and planning stages, with very little evidence from the real implementation and follow-up activities. From the stakeholders’ perspective, the focus is on the institutional point of view as most of the papers present their findings in relation to (national or local) government bodies or policies, without balancing with corresponding businesses’ or individuals’ (users’) point of view. In general, user involvement was found to be very low in regards to current SC research in the SEE region.

Export Effect of FTA - Based on Smart Economy

In the Sino-US trade war, China’s exports have been affected to a certain extent. China needs to develop smart economy to eliminate the crisis. In the uncertain situation of Sino-US trade relations, how to maintain the driving force of foreign trade for economic growth has become the top priority of China’s trade policy. It is a good choice to seek new market and open up the original market. Establishing regional trade agreements with trading partners is a good trade policy tool. In order to examine the impact of FTA on China’s exports, this paper selects the data from 2000 to 2011 to test the effect of FTA signed by China on China’s exports. In this paper, the least square estimation method is used. The results show that the FTA signed by China has promoted China’s exports by more than 50%.

Impact of Heterogeneous FTA on Service Trade in the Context of Smart Economy

With the development of information technology, artificial intelligence is more and more closely involved in our lives. And its main industry is service industry. This paper uses value-added data to explore the impact of heterogeneous trade agreements on a country’s export value-added. Using different measurement methods, with the help of Stata software. It is found that the establishment of free trade agreements in services among developing countries has a negative effect on the contracting countries, and the cooperation between the North-South type countries will significantly promote the value-added of service exports of the contracting countries.

A tale of two cities: Achieving smarter economy through communication and virtual work

Seamless communication within and between cities allows for a tremendous increase in efficiencies, one of which is the way work can be done. When work no longer needs to be carried out only within the confines of the traditional office, it can then be done virtually and this research seeks to explore how communication influences the creation of smart economy through virtual work. Virtual work is increasingly becoming ideal for organizations as there is a rise in the quality and quantity of data that can be accessed and analysed from outside the traditional office. Smart city research has shown that has also shown that for cities to be have smart economies there needs to be seamless connection between points of information within such cities.This research begins with a detailed desk research to identify and outline the key indices for smart mobility and smart cities, leading to the proposal of a conceptual framework for evaluating two selected case studies through surveys within these cases. This research therefore builds on prior smart cities and virtual work research to establish a framework for evaluating and explaining the relationship between smart communication and smart economy and established the link between connectivity/communication to mobility, and further shows how the increase in connectivity increase virtual work which in turn leads to a smarter economy. The implications for the results from this research extends the ongoing work been done to increase efficiencies in the connection of infrastructure, human capital and information within cities which is useful to both academics and policy makers alike. The clear relationships established between virtual work and smart mobility and its mediating effect on the development of smart economy is very valuable for academic and practice.

Urban Poverty Alleviation Endeavor Through E-Warong Program: Smart City (Smart People) Concept Initiative in Yogyakarta

In the era of Industrial Revolution 4.0, technology became a factor that could contribute significantly to improving the quality of life and welfare of the people of a nation. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) penetration through Internet of Things (IoT), Big Data, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) which are disruptively, has led to fundamental advances in civilization. The expansion of Industrial Revolution 4.0 has also changed the pattern of government and citizen relations which has implications for the needs of policy governance and internal government transformation. One of them is a change in social welfare development policies, where government officials are required to be responsive to social dynamics that have consequences for increasing demands for public accountability and transparency. This paper aims to elaborate on the e-Warong program as one of the breakthroughs to reduce poverty by utilizing digital technology. E-Warong (electronic mutual cooperation shop) is an Indonesian government program based on the empowerment of the poor Grass Root Innovation (GRI) with an approach to building group awareness in encouraging the independence of the poor to develop joint ventures through mutual cooperation with utilizing ICT advantages. This program is an implementation of the Smart City concept, especially Smart Economy, within the Sustainable Development Goals framework.

Nexus Services in Smart City Ecosystems

According to market research, the number of smart cities is increasing rapidly. Information and communication technologies (ICT) provide the smart infrastructure that is the foundation for all the key themes related to a smart city, such as smart economy, smart governance, smart mobility, smart health, smart buildings, and smart water. As such, a smart city is constituted of various infrastructure components that form a complex system of systems, which is essential to collaborate effectively. Services play a central role in this vision of smart cities, as they are used as building blocks for effective collaboration, i.e., to achieve interoperability between heterogeneous parties and independence from the underlying infrastructure. In order to cope with the problem of complexity and the scalability in smart cities’ systems, a solution is to provide autonomous, collaborating services that have situation awareness and are able to adapt dynamically to the changing needs of the environment forming a nexus of services. In this research, we propose a nexus model for smart cities’ services collaboration by using the role modeling approach enhanced by the introduction of service teamwork roles. The teamwork roles definition is inspired both by human and agent team working models. We determine the dominant teamwork roles that prevail during service group cooperation, where the main goal of each role is to intervene and “act as a connector” during collaboration to keep the team of component services consistent with the goal of the group–team. The teamwork functionality is applied through the introduction of a new layer in the architecture of smart cities and is exploited to overcome some of the aforementioned problems. A case study that presents how teamwork roles could affect and benefit the service collaboration in a smart city environment is also provided.

IMPLEMENTASI ALGORITMA FUZZY TIPE-2 UNTUK PENENTUAN KRITERIA KOTA BERDASARKAN STANDAR SMART CITY

<p class="Text">City is a role model which represents the advancement of technology and the existence of prosperity. An improvement of technology should be used as a key to manage city’s prosperity. Many standards used to measure the value of city’s prosperity. One of that standards is smart city standard. It used factors which define city’s prosperity, hence it needs a key factor that allows the standard to produce a crisp result from the available factors. There are 6 key variables of city’s prosperity of smart city standard, they are smat governance, smart mobility, smart people, smart economy, smart environment dan smart mobility. Type-2 fuzzy algorithm is used to determine city prosperity’ grade using smart city standard. The algorithm is implemented in a game of Malang city’s miniature which named after Malang Urban. In this research several in-game experiments are made to get values that meet a specified rules. The values consist 73,33% of not ready category, 6, 67% of standard category, and 20% of good smart category of all in-game attempts.</p>

METHODICAL APPROACHES TO THE ASSESSMENT OF SMART ECONOMICS

Smart economics focuses on key areas to achieve its goals. The chain of building relationships is formed within the interaction of various elements of smart economy. In the concept of smart economics, the functioning of the government as the main regulatory element for the formation of this type of economic system within a single economy occupies an important place. In this aspect, the main parameters of the government within the smart economy are transparency, e-government, Open Data. It should be noted that different subjects of smart economics may have different assessment indicators, but they are all within the basic groups of needs and types of economic activity, including: material income; material deprivation; employment opportunities; education and training; functioning of the health care system; dwelling; access to child care; the right to leave; decent social security; safe environment; environmentally friendly environment; non-discrimination; access to justice. For cities, as separate entities of the smart economy, several groups of evaluation indicators are identified, identified in the study of financial centers and global cities. Scientific papers attempt to assess the smart economy by the parameters of the city, including municipal and business services, smart construction, smart education, smart energy and lighting, smart energy metering, smart water supply and recycling, public safety and others. In general, the green economy occupies a very important place in the concept of smart economy, which at the present stage of development acquires new characteristics, including not only environmental projects, but also the parameters of comfortable living and well-being. We can note that the concept of smart economy is quite closely intertwined with the concept of green economy in some indicators, especially with regard to social inclusion and greening. For example, the Green Economy Progress Index identifies gender equality, education, life expectancy, and well-being, which indicates the need to develop a unified approach or index to the assessment of the smart economy.

Multi-criteria analysis of smart cities in Poland

The primary objective of the work is to analyze the largest Polish cities in terms of the smart city indicators, which currently form one of the most important models of development. Special attention was paid to smart and sustainable solutions for public transport and infrastructure. An MCDM (Multiple Criteria Decision Making)/MCDA (Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis) method was used. First, the selected method (PROMETHEE) allowed to indicate the smartest and least smart cities with respect to six main dimensions: smart economy, smart people, smart governance, smart mobility, smart environment, and smart living. Secondly, the PROMETHEE method allowed compilation of a final ranking, taking into account publicly available indicators of the smart city concept. Finally, 43 smart city indicators that are available in public statistics were proposed. In addition to the primary goal of the study, i.e., diagnosis of Polish cities in terms of the global concept of smart city, a critical analysis of the availability of necessary statistical indicators was also carried out, indicating potential directions for database development.

Tourism Technology Platforms as a Tool for Supporting Competitiveness of Regional Tourism Products

The paper addresses problems of tourism zone development in the Russia’s economic space via the implementation of tourism technology platforms, allowing for sustainable reproduction of competitive regional tourism products. Practical experience in using tourism technology platforms abroad and prospects for their introduction in Russia are considered. The authors conclude that presently, during the transition to a digital and smart economy, the introduction of tourism technology platforms is a prerequisite for increasing the competitiveness of Russia’s regional tourism products. The main research methods were comparative and content analysis; and the main research approaches were systemic, integrated, and interdisciplinary. The results of the study can be used to develop a fundamental theory of tourism, as well as concepts and strategies for the spatial development of Russian regions.

Future Trends and Current State of Smart City Concepts: A Survey

Intelligent systems are wanting for cities to cope with limited spaces and resources across the world. As a result, smart cities emerged mainly as a result of highly innovative ICT industries and markets, and additionally, they have started to use novel solutions taking advantage of the Internet of Things (IoT), big data and cloud computing technologies to establish a profound connection between each component and layer of a city. Several key technologies congregate to build a working smart city considering human requirements. Even though the smart city concept is an advanced solution for today's cities, recently, more living spaces should be discovered, and the concept of a smart city could be moved to these alternative living spaces, namely floating cities. The concept of a floating city emerged as a novel solution due to rising sea levels and land scarcity in order to provide alternative living spaces for humanity. In this article, our main research question is to raise awareness on the current state of smart city concepts across the world by understanding the key future trends, including floating cities, by motivating researchers and scientists through new IoT technologies and applications. Therefore, we present a survey of smart city initiatives and analyze their key concepts and different data management techniques. We performed a detailed literature survey and review by applying a complex literature matrix including terms, like smart people, smart economy, smart governance, smart mobility, smart environment, and smart living. We also discuss multiple perspectives of smart floating cities in detail. With the proposed approach, recent advances and practical future opportunities for smart cities can be revealed.