Small Business Entrepreneurs Research Articles

Development Of Small Business And Entrepreneurship In Industry And Its Influence On Employment Of Population

This article highlights the priorities for increasing employment through the development of small business and private entrepreneurship in industry. It analyzes the development of small business and private entrepreneurship in Samarkand, one of the regions of the country, its role in socio-economic development and employment.

Entrepreneurial ecosystems during COVID-19: the survival of small businesses using dynamic capabilities

PurposeThe world is going through a global crisis after the outbreak of coronavirus (COVID-19) in most areas of the world. Businesses particularly small ones do not work in isolation but instead are embedded in an entrepreneurial ecosystem that is dependent on environmental conditions. The disruptive changes from COVID-19 have caused serious damage to the global economy, so it is up to entrepreneurs to bring equilibrium by introducing change. This paper adopts the lens of dynamic capabilities to study how small business entrepreneurs are trying to survive and grow in an entrepreneurial ecosystem affected by coronavirus.Design/methodology/approachUsing qualitative research methods, 20 Pakistani entrepreneurs have been interviewed in order to assess how the entrepreneurial ecosystem in an emerging economy has been affected by COVID-19. This enables a contemporary and realistic understanding about the way small business entrepreneurs have adjusted to a crisis.FindingsFrom the data analysis, the three main dimensions of dynamic capabilities for small business entrepreneurs emerge, which involve a sensing, seizing and transforming capability.Research limitations/implicationsThe findings suggest that small businesses utilise the following strategies to cope with change: emergent humanitarian crisis, carte blanche agile business models and effectual business functions. These findings contribute to the literature about the challenges of current crises and how businesses can cope in this situation using a dynamic capabilities perspective.Practical implicationsThe findings contribute to the ability of small businesses to cope during the current pandemic situations and anticipate how to manage future crises. Furthermore, the entrepreneurial practices exercised by small businesses are also presented that represent an innovative way to understand crisis management techniques by entrepreneurs in emerging economies.Social implicationsThese findings contribute to the literature about the challenges of current crises and how businesses can cope in this situation using a dynamic capabilities perspective.Originality/valueBy drawing on the existing literature of COVID-19's impact on businesses, the theoretical contribution of this paper highlights the applicability of dynamic capabilities on small businesses to survive during the global crisis.

ИННОВАЦИОН ИҚТИСОДИЁТ ШАРОИТИДА АҲОЛИ БАНДЛИГИНИ ТАЪМИНЛАШДА КИЧИК БИЗНЕС ВА ХУСУСИЙ ТАДБИРКОРЛИКНИНГ ЎРНИ

This article highlights the role of small business and private entrepreneurship in providing employment.At the same time, the article focuses on small business and sole proprietorship, which shows that this type of business can quickly explore the needs of a compact hidden market, produce a variety of products to meet local needs and offer them to markets at a low cost

ВПЛИВ ПАНДЕМІЇ КОРОНАВІРУСУ НА ПІДПРИЄМСТВА МАЛОГО БІЗНЕСУ

On March 11, 2020, COVID-19 was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization, which then resulted in the shutting down of economies, lockdowns, and other restrictions. Small businesses have been particularly affected by the pandemic due to the need to shift rapidly to a digital platform. Although these changes resulted in hardship, they also offered a way for small businesses to be a vehicle for entrepreneurship as they provide new ideas to gain traction in the marketplace. Entrepreneurship symbolizes innovation and is vital to the competitiveness of the economy particularly in times of crisis such as that occurring with the COVID-19 pandemic. The benefits of entrepreneurship include its contribution to economic development and job creation, which is particularly needed in times of upheaval and change. Small business entrepreneurs are not a monolithic category as they are diverse and have individual characteristics. This means the way they respond to the COVID-19 crisis differs depending on their industry and geographical characteristics. The increased interest in small business and COVID-19 entrepreneurship is fed by the rapid changes that have taken place in society. This is due to the participation of small business entrepreneurs in the market being needed in this time of rapid change. The coronavirus pandemic has undoubtedly affected the global economy and the environment. Small businesses are the main victims of the COVID-19 outbreak, especially in developing countries, mainly due to the limited use of digital technologies. The article discusses in detail how the activities of enterprises have changed, the habits of people that directly affect the financial results of small businesses. After analyzing all the data, we concluded that a large share of the market moved to online sales. We also offered a small list of business ideas adapted to the current situation. There is an urgent need to expand the management of small businesses, which must be completed, which includes prioritizing the physical well-being of employees, using digital marketing, and improving the efficiency of products and services, thus reducing the company's revenues and expenses, as well as reassessing the current strategy. As a result, it keeps small businesses afloat amid the COVID-19 pandemic.

ЦЕННОСТНО-СМЫСЛОВЫЕ ОРИЕНТАЦИИ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫХ ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЕЙ МАЛОГО БИЗНЕСА С РАЗНЫМ УРОВНЕМ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ СУБЪЕКТНОСТИ

Based on a comparative analysis, the preferred values of regional small business entrepreneurs are established. The study involved 89 small business entrepreneurs aged from 22 to 65 years old. The research procedure consisted of two stages: before (2019) and during (2020) the pandemic. During the restrictive measures taken by the state, the level of responsibility of entrepreneurs with low UESL dropped sharply, activity decreased, restrictions on freedom of activity appeared, savings funds fell to almost zero and the emotional background naturally decreased. Entrepreneurs with high UESL during restrictive measures have increased con-cern for their family and sharply decreased self-control. Entrepreneurs found themselves in a state of confusion, subjective uncertain-ty, there was an imbalance in the well-established structure of the business organization.

Formation of Economic Self-Determination of Small Business Entrepreneurs

The authors consider the economic self-determination of a small business entrepreneur as selfdetermination in the economic environment. The goal of economic self-determination is to achieve an optimal level of competitiveness, rational monetary attitudes and, as result, formation of economic behavior in order to achieve the set goals that contribute to the success in the professional activity. A group of 58 small business entrepreneurs took part in the survey. Preliminary, entrance testing was carried out with the use of the standardized methods, which was followed by correlation analysis. It allowed one to find out the relationship between the indicators of the scales. A group with a low level of competitiveness was identified using the standardized methodology “Attitude towards competition”. As a result, the authors developed a program of group psychological counseling. The structure of the consultation process included the following stages: problem investigation, two-dimensional problem identification, planning, activity, assessment and feedback. After the group psychological counseling, the final control was carried out using the same methods and the effectiveness of this type of counseling was assessed using the Wilcoxon test. The results of mathematical and statistical analysis confirm the effectiveness of the developed program. Group psychological counseling allowed one to increase self-esteem, purposefulness, self-confidence, intensified the scenarios of economic behavior, changed the attitudes towards money and economic benefits which also ensured an increase in competitiveness indicators.

ФАКТОРНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ В СИСТЕМЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ МАЛЫМ ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСТВОМ

The article examines the elements of factor analysis in the management system of small and individual entrepreneurship. It is shown that factor analysis shows the degree of influence of each variable on the financial condition of a small enterprise and individual entrepreneurs. It is revealed that the transformation of approaches to managing the economy of small enterprises and individual entrepreneurs can improve the efficiency of their activities, competitiveness in the market environment, which will lead to an increase in the socio-economic importance of the small business sector. The classification of external and internal factors of the development of small business and individual entrepreneurship is given. The analysis of the factors of small business development showed that in an unstable economic situation and the emergence of crisis phenomena in the economy, the sustainability of small business depends on the implementation of the totality of all factors. The study uses a systematic approach to conducting factor analysis, statistical and graphical methods of research. The concept of factor analysis has been clarified, the author’s classification of factors for the development of small business has been given. The impact of market failures on the activities of small enterprises and individual entrepreneurs was identified on the basis of the structural and logical method. The use of the structural-logical method allowed us to identify market failures that have an impact on small businesses. The importance of small business development infrastructure is revealed, which ensures the active interaction of all its elements, strengthens the feedback between business and government structures.

Reforms on Employment And Unemployment In Uzbekistan: Functional Approach

The article provides information on the reforms implemented in Uzbekistan in recent years on employment and unemployment and their results. Scientific and legal approaches to the concept of employment are presented. In addition, the article examines the changes in the world economy and labor market due to the global catastrophe called the COVID-19 pandemic, provides measures in this regard and statistical analysis of employment in Uzbekistan. In the process of consistent development of social and economic relations, the issues of employment and further improving the living standards of the population, increasing production in various sectors in Uzbekistan, drastically reducing the number of unemployed through further development of small business and private entrepreneurship, home-based work, family business tasks related to the ongoing employment policy and aspects related to the social mechanism of increasing employment were studied.

The role of small business and private entrepreneurship in foreign economic activity

The role of small business and private entrepreneurship in foreign economic activity

ЛИЧНОСТНЫЕ РЕСУРСЫ УСПЕШНОСТИ ПРЕДПРИНИМАТЕЛЬСКОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ

The article discusses the approaches to the study of personal resources of successful entrepreneurial activity. The re-sults of an empirical study on a sample of 104 small business entrepreneurs of the Irkutsk region are presented; the success of entre-preneurs was determined by the level of subjective economic well-being. It is shown that the personal resources of the success of entrepreneurial activity are the epistemological component of the innovative potential of the individual, internality, competitiveness, and the attractiveness of entrepreneurial activity.

The effect of small business entrepreneurship on poverty: evidence from US rural counties

Small businesses are generally considered important for poverty alleviation. Existing literature on the relationship between entrepreneurship and poverty is focused mainly on urban communities. This study contributes to the literature by examining the effect of small business entrepreneurship on poverty rates across 604 US rural counties for the period 2010 to 2012. Our empirical results show that entrepreneurial activity employing less than 20 workers (0 to 19) is associated with lower poverty rates across the rural counties. Findings on businesses that employ 20 to 99 workers did not appear to affect poverty during the study period. The results suggest that microenterprises play an important role in alleviating poverty in rural US counties.

The effect of small business entrepreneurship on poverty: evidence from US rural counties

Small businesses are generally considered important for poverty alleviation. Existing literature on the relationship between entrepreneurship and poverty is focused mainly on urban communities. This study contributes to the literature by examining the effect of small business entrepreneurship on poverty rates across 604 US rural counties for the period 2010 to 2012. Our empirical results show that entrepreneurial activity employing less than 20 workers (0 to 19) is associated with lower poverty rates across the rural counties. Findings on businesses that employ 20 to 99 workers did not appear to affect poverty during the study period. The results suggest that microenterprises play an important role in alleviating poverty in rural US counties.

Toward A Theory Of Supply Chain Entrepreneurial Embeddedness In Disrupted And Normal States

The daunting effects of COVID‐19 have motivated large firms to rethink supply chain designs and practices. As a potential contribution to such change, we introduce the concept of supply chain entrepreneurial embeddedness (SCEE), which we define as the degree to which a large firm integrates small entrepreneurial business capabilities (e.g., creativity, ingenuity, resourcefulness, rapid decision‐making, and swift execution) within its supply chain. We theorize that SCEE can be realized via at least three mechanisms—acquiring (i.e., purchasing one or more small entrepreneurial firms), allying (i.e., building cooperative alliances with such firms), and assimilating (i.e., mimicking how such firms behave). We suggest that SCEE is valuable under normal conditions, but its value increases under duress. Grounded in the concepts of structural inertia, requisite variety, mutualism, and real options, our core premise is that SCEE enables large firms to better navigate multiple and multidirectional concurrent changes in supply and demand, which in turn enhances firm performance. We contextualize this core premise by theorizing that greater end‐user proximity (wherein SCEE is located close to the final customer) and service centricity (wherein competition is primarily based on the service dimension of product–service bundles) enhance SCEE’s positive effects.

Problems of Social Entrepreneurship: Motivation and Competitiveness

The article examined the specifics of economical self-determination of social entrepreneurs. We identified main socio-psychological characteristics of social entrepreneurs based on international and domestic studies of this phenomenon. The sample included 104 small business entrepreneurs in Irkutsk and the Irkutsk region. 52 of them were social entrepreneurs and 52 were commercial. We used different methods including qualitative methods: interviews and an associative experiment. The goal of the study was to identify the key motives of entrepreneurial activity, polymotivation trends, attitudes towards competition, competitiveness, and relationships between them. The study found that social entrepreneurs in their activities are mainly focused on the motives of personal self-realization, the desire to implement their ideas, overcome difficulties and achieve results, they have more pronounced altruistic and social motives. Social entrepreneurs have a positive attitude towards competition and, at the same time, seek to cooperate with partners.

Crisis management in small and medium scale enterprises: a systematic literature review

The study presents the findings of a systematic literature review of crisis management in Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SMEs) referring to recent literature. Crisis management studies have received significant attention in academic research. This can also be observed in organizational crisis management. Compared to larger organizations, the attention received for SMEs was inadequate. Recognizing the dearth of SME crisis management studies in the existing literature of crisis management, this systematic literature review on SMEs aims to recognize the issues around academic research on SME crisis management and to identify the strategies applied by small business entrepreneurs against crisis vulnerability. Thus, two questions are addressed: what has been done in SME crisis management research, and what trends have marked this phenomenon in research arenas. This review considered 181 research articles published on SME crisis management since 2000. Exploring the existing SME crisis management literature identified three major themes: Crisis preparedness measures, Crisis impact on SMEs, and SMEs' strategic approach. Following the identification of gaps in the literature, the findings suggest future research areas of SME crisis management with organizational perspective, crisis experience towards crisis learning, crisis learning as a strategic approach, and networking as a social coping strategy. The synthesis action also directed future research in the field.

Testing the Effectiveness of CSR Dimensions for Small Business Entrepreneurs

This article is intended to empirically test the effectiveness of the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) dimension of assistance to Small Business Entrepreneurs (SMEs) under companies’ guidance of Semen Indonesia in Central and East Java. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) implementation for Small Business Entrepreneurs (SMEs), besides as a social contract implementation, is also an effort to increase legitimacy. This study is essential to obtain effective and relevant CSR dimensions recommended for the SME empowering program. The study was conducted at SMEs domiciled around the mining area and the cement factory. Out of 250 SMEs, 92 SMEs were involved in this study. The research data was primary, including respondents’ opinions, where the data were taken using survey and interview procedures. Data analysis using statistics was a factorial analysis. The results showed that of the eight programs included in CSR in the field of assistance for empowering SMEs, two were effective for empowering SMEs: (1) low-cost revolving funds and (2) production equipment assistance for SMEs. Meanwhile, six other CSR programs showed ineffectiveness: (1) mentoring, (2) marketing, (3) ease of procedure and relief of loan terms, (4) education and training, (5) accessibility of obtaining loans, and (6) the involvement of parties in the implementation of CSR. It indicated that the six CSR programs were not effective in helping to build image and legitimacy. The results of the research make an important contribution to the government and corporations and show that the construction of CSR programs must give attention to the real conditions and needs of SMEs in order to achieve effectiveness in solving problems by SMEs. Especially for the government, regulations are needed that can systemically encourage companies to implement CSR. This research still has limitations, therefore further research should be developed, especially in the area of empirical testing related to the contextual dimensions of CSR that are relevant to assisted stakeholders. Development-based research should be considered.

The Fostering Small Business Entrepreneurship in Tanzania

Small Business Entrepreneurship has been seen as a hub in generating income for the majority of urban dwellers with no formal paid employment. In Tanzania, entry into small business entrepreneurship is usually not seen as a problem. One can start small business at any time and in any place. However, the development of this informal sector has been profoundly characterized by two parallel phenomena which are perhaps contradictory in character. This has led to the proliferation and mushrooming of small businesses most of which are in the form of petty trading, generally everywhere in the urban centres. Drawing on research findings, the present paper challenges the possibility of reducing poverty in Tanzania using the strategy of developing the small business entrepreneurship under the situation where there is an increasing level of petty crime and bureaucratic hurdles. It is argued and indeed, concluded that if the present intricate and controversial situation surrounding small business is not reversed, if not brought to rest, the development is on slippery slope. The option suggested to tame the conundrum includes, developing discourse portfolio between small traders and bureaucratic authority and authorities formulating policies that can promote development of small business entrepreneurship.

Microfinance banks and growth of micro, small and medium enterprises in emerging economies: Evidence from Nigeria

This study examined the nexus between microfinance banks and the growth of micro, small and medium enterprises in Nigeria. Research design method through a self-administered questionnaire to respondents was adopted for the study. The respondents comprise the microfinance banks’ management and staff and micro, small and medium business entrepreneurs, in Lagos State, the commercial hub of Nigeria. The targeted population of this study was 250 with 223 validly responded. The study tested two hypotheses using logit regression analysis. The hypothesis one shows that the null hypothesis is rejected with the acceptance of the alternate that the microfinance banks in Nigeria channelled their resources to the intended target (t-calculated of 8.181 is greater than t-tabulated of 0.000 at 5% level of significance). The findings further showed that a significant positive relationship exists between microfinance banks, proxied by Small Scale Financial Services (SSFS); Financial Sustainability (FST); Absence of Assets-based Collateral (AAC); and Advisory Services (ADS) and the growth of micro, small and medium enterprises in Nigeria. This implies that any upward movement in the services of microfinance banks will enhance the growth of MSMEs. This is further affirmed with the t-calculated of 6.540 > t-tabulated of 0.000 at 5% level of significance. Thus, rejecting the null hypothesis two and accepting that there is significant positive link between microfinance banks and MSMEs in Nigeria. This study then recommended among others, the need for government to put in place, a strong and more effective team comprises of all stakeholders, to ensure that the microfinance banks do not derail from their primary responsibility of sustaining funding for the MSMEs.

Predicting The Future: Diverse Perspectives on The Transformation of Healthcare Delivery over the Next 15 Years

Over the last 15 years, healthcare delivery has experienced enormous changes across every aspect of clinical care, both for participants in it and affiliated stakeholders. The plethora and breadth of these changes and ongoing struggles with their incorporation into the work of healthcare begs the question: In 2035, what emerging innovations and considerations will we wish we had prepared for with regard to human factors engineering research, technology development, and system redesign efforts? Panelists and co-chairs have deep experience with steering, and being impacted by, innovations in information technology in healthcare. The panelists represent diverse academic, clinical, government contract research and development, and small entrepreneurial business. Perhaps the biggest benefit of this session will be the explicit inclusion of the audience in brainstorming and discussion activities, which will be facilitated digitally and verbally during the session and shared afterwards electronically with participants.

Development of Equity Investment Financing Model For Achieving Sustainable Business Productivity in Nigeria

Equity investment financing is an innovative way of financing the real sector which has considerable developmental potential. The study empirically determined the effect of Equity investment financing on sustainable increase in productivity among agro-allied small businesses in South-South Nigeria. The instrument of data collection is the research questions structured in a five-point likert scale. The evaluation of the relationship between the dependent and independent variables was performed using the Ordinary Least Square regression technique. The study revealed that equity investment financing has a positive and significant effect on the sustainable productivity of businesses in Nigeria. The study recommended educating small business entrepreneurs on the benefits of equity financing as a viable option towards business growth and expansion and that the government through the various intervention agencies should restructure the long-term loan policies to give access to more growth-oriented agro-allied businesses, to increase their presently low capacity to procure heavy-duty technology to increase productivity and achieve food security in Nigeria. Small business owners should take advantage of the membership of cooperative societies and as well maintain good business relationships with suppliers; this will guarantee a continuous supply of needed materials and uninterrupted operations of the business.