Sixth Technological Paradigm Research Articles

Formation of the university as the core of innovative development of the region's economy of the sixth technological order

Subject. The article addresses the innovative activities of higher educational institutions in the development of regional and national economies, aimed at scientific, educational, and technological leadership of Russia. Objectives. The study aims at substantiating the formation of the university as the core of innovative development of the regional economy of the sixth technological paradigm. Methods. The study employs statistical data from rating agencies, methods of analysis, generalization, and synthesis of conceptual solutions, systematization of data, dialectical and systems approaches, methods of comparative and content analysis. Results. The paper presents a unique definition of the core of innovative development, a brief description of technological structures, compares the core of innovative development with each technological structure, specifies aspects of innovative trajectory of the region's development, identifies the core of innovative development of the region, considering the specifics of industrial and technological development. It notes that universities are becoming the subjects of socio-economic and innovative development of the region's economy, which contributes to the technological sovereignty of the country, and shows that universities become the core of the innovative development of the region's economy of the sixth technological order with their close cooperation with the government, financial structures, and the society. Conclusions. The formulated theoretical provisions contribute to the identification of the core of innovative development of each specific region.

EAEU Role in the Evolution of Multipolar Structure in World Politics

The global political system is undergoing a transition from a unipolar to a multipolar world. Scientific discussions are underway regarding the emergence or formation of new poles in the world, including the potential development of a pole through the integration structure of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). Attention is focused on the changing conditions of the global economy and their influence on the development strategies of regional integration associations. The necessity to adapt the development strategies of the EAEU to new trends, including the shift in the economic paradigm and the reassessment of the role of integration process participants, is argued.Aim. To justify strategies and approaches to building an economic pole based on the EAEU.Tasks. Examining various theoretical approaches to the concept of multipolarity, poles, and centers of power. Investigating interpretations of global and regional leadership. Analyzing the concept of regional leadership considering the role of the EAEU as an important element of the new world political and global economic system.Methods. Comparative analysis of vectors and development strategies of regional integration associations. The civilizational approach illuminates not only the key economic and political aspects of regional leadership but also the cultural and civilizational factors of regional integration. The deductive method and synthesis allowed for the formulation of new approaches to understanding the economic component of the EAEU pole.Results. It has been established that one of the possible and most effective ways to form the economic component of the EAEU pole is to consider the formation of a new technological paradigm in the Union’s development strategy amidst the transformation and transition to a new economic paradigm.Conclusions. Framing the EAEU as an independent pole, based on the concept of changing economic paradigms, implies a rethinking or establishment of institutions based on principles of non-discrimination, mutual respect for sovereignty and national interests, as well as the establishment of mutually beneficial relations with other states. Such an approach to pole-building is a key step in transitioning to the sixth technological paradigm.

Renewable Energy Sources in The Context of Emissions Reduction: Geographical Aspects And Challenges for Sustainable Development

Purpose: The study aims to provide a nuanced understanding of renewable energy sources' geographical aspects and challenges in reducing emissions and promoting sustainable development. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study adopts a qualitative approach to investigate renewable energy sources in the context of emissions reduction, focusing on geographical aspects and challenges for sustainable development. The methodology is designed to gain in-depth insights and understand the complexities of deploying and utilising renewable energy across different geographical regions. Case studies provide detailed, context-specific insights into the practical implementation and challenges of renewable energy projects. The selection of case studies follows a purposive sampling method to ensure diversity in geographical settings, types of renewable energy, and stages of development. Reviewing project reports, policy documents, and environmental assessments related to each case study. The data was analysed by cross-verifying information from different data sources to enhance the reliability and validity of the findings. Research Limitation/Implications: It justifies the immediate construction of a “green economy” in Ukraine, drawing on theory and the experience of advanced countries. Findings: The diversity of renewable energy sources, geographical influences, technological advancements, policy and regulatory frameworks, and socio-economic impacts influenced their efforts to reduce emissions. Social Implication: The modern global economy faces significant challenges such as energy security, sustainable development of society, and climate change. Practical Implication: The paper identifies directions and outlines paths and mechanisms for accelerated development. Indeed, such a powerful carbon dioxide and methane emissions surge has never been observed. Originality/ Value: Recently, the most pressing issue is the “carbon footprint”, which refers to the total amount of carbon dioxide and methane emissions released into the environment due to human industrial activity. Measures to combat it will soon focus on modernising technologies to facilitate the transition to the sixth technological paradigm and minimise greenhouse gas emissions. Critical technical solutions may involve harnessing the potential of hydrogen energy and immobilising or preventing greenhouse gas formation technologies. As an alternative direction, the authors consider research to solve some issues related to hydrogen production using metals.

Проблемные аспекты действия принципов контрактной системы в сфере государственных закупок в современных условиях

Introduction. Further development of the institution of the contract system in the field of state procurement in context of the transition to the sixth technological paradigm [1, p. 130] and the focus of the Russian Federation on building an economy of knowledge and high technologies [2, p. 8] should take place on a conceptual basis, in strict harmony with the entire system of legal principles operatingin this field. The role of legal science in this process is to show the relevance and demand of all principles of the contract system in the field of state procurement, their practical effectiveness in new reality. The purpose of the study. Based on the analysis of the set of principles of the contract system operating in the field of state procurement, the purpose is to identify the features and problematic aspects of the implementation of these principles in the context of digitalization and modernization of the economy. Research methods. In the research, to the extent necessary the author used both general scientific (dialectical, logical, etc.) and private scientific methods (comparative legal, formal legal, etc.), whichultimately allowed to achieve the set goal. Results: The study of the principles of the contract system in the field of state procurement made it possible to identify problematic aspects of their implementation in modern conditions, to adjust the tasks according to current challenges of our time, to show the importance of distinguishing goals and principles of legal regulation for their correct and proper classification.

THE CONCEPT OF A UNIFIED DIGITAL SPACE FOR RUSSIAN INDUSTRY: AREAS FOR IMPROVING EFFICIENCY

At the moment, the prospects for the development of manufacturing industry are associated with the opportunities of digitalization of the economy. The scientific literature in this case also uses the terms «fourth industrial revolution» and «sixth technological paradigm». The purpose of the article is to develop proposals to improve the efficiency of the implementation of digital transformation of the Russian industry. The paper uses general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, comparative method), as well as economic and legal methods (analysis of regulatory and legal acts, development strategies). Russian and foreign sources of scientific literature were used in the course of the study. The study showed that the impact of digitalization on the efficiency of the manufacturing industry is realized in the areas of increasing labor productivity, reducing production costs, monitoring of operational processes, operational supply of components, etc.

Organizational structure 4.0: challenges and prospects

Aim. This article deals with the evolution of the development of organizational structures depending on the technological paradigms (industrial revolutions), the characteristics of manufacturing and consumer preferences.Tasks. To analyze the relevant research papers in the context of the chosen topic; to systematize the used organizational structures, taking into account production features and consumer preferences; to systematize and offer a classification of organizational structures as applied to a technological paradigm (industrial revolution); to describe the requirements to the new organizational structure in the sixth technological paradigm (Industry 4.0).Methods. Theoretically, the study was based on a review of the scientific literature on the evolution of organizational structures, revealing the relationship between technological patterns (industrial revolutions) and the applied organizational structures.Results. The analysis of the literature showed that, depending on the historical stage, technological and economic conditions, companies used different types of organizational structures. New organizational structures emerged as a response to the needs of enterprises in certain historical conditions: the rigid bureaucratic structures used in the third and fourth technological stage (1880–1970), supplemented by flexible types of structures in the fifth technological stage (1970–2010). The new technological stage, which emerged after 2010, implies further changes in manufacturing technologies and consumer preferences, develops under resource and logistical constraints, and therefore requires new approaches to organizational design from companies.Conclusions. The development of organizational design implies an evolutionary enrichment of previously used types of structures with new properties. We believe that in the framework of the sixth technological paradigm, management will need to supplement its toolkit not only with flexible virtual structures (e.g., agile structures), but also with new types of organizational structures that have the necessary properties and characteristics. In addition to having an internal “framework”, agility and adaptability, organizational structures must provide dynamism (speed of change), elasticity (self-recovery) and maneuverability to companies.

Оценка степени инновационной готовности системной трансформации менеджмента в условиях перехода к шестому технологическому укладу

The relevance of the study is due to the need for Russia to actively enter the new post-industrial technological paradigm of the sixth generation, which requires not only an infrastructural basis, but also a scientific and managerial potential. These circumstances, characterized by high rates of change, actualize the tasks of rethinking the value orientations of the management of industrial enterprises, especially in terms of technologies, methods and management tools, focused on the priorities of innovative development, which are reasonably considered as the managerial basis for technological modernization of the economy based on innovative solutions. The purpose of the work is to assess the degree of readiness for the transformation of management systems in the context of the transition to the sixth technological paradigm in the context of studying the innovative activity of industrial entities in the field of developed production technologies, including integrated management and control (advanced methods of organization and production management). The article examines dynamic, structural, trend qualitative variations of the developed advanced production technologies in the Russian Federation for 2000–2021 based on a significant amount of statistical data. The authors concluded that there are positive growth dynamics of developed advanced production technologies, qualitative structural shifts towards Russian developments.

Some aspects of the development potential of the Russian labor market at the beginning of the sixth technological paradigm.

Some aspects of the development potential of the Russian labor market at the beginning of the sixth technological paradigm.

Проблемы и перспективы развития НИО.2 в рамках шестого технологического уклада

The paper analyzes the process of the natural transition of the world economy from the fifth technological paradigm to the sixth one in the 2020s. It is shown that, by analogy with the periods of transition from the fourth technological paradigm to the fifth one in the 1970s, and from the third technological paradigm to the fourth one in the 1920s, the expected decline in economic activity, which has already manifested itself in the global economic crisis of the 2020s-2021s, is observed in the 2020s. It is noted that the traditional decline in economic activity in the extractive and processing industries, which takes place in the transition phase, is currently aggravated by the imminent global financial crisis, which is a consequence of a large-scale separation of the global money supply from the global commodity supply. And the resolution of this crisis is a matter of the near future (the next few years). It has been found that it is a huge surplus of unsecured financial resources (a global financial “bubble”) that makes a significant contribution to the slowdown of the processes of accelerating industrial technological development in the sixth technological paradigm by refocusing investors’ attention on speculative operations with cryptocurrencies and intangible assets, where the baton of the dot-com bubble has now been picked up by the set of information technologies under the banner of Industry 4.0, which was widely publicized, but never demonstrated its revolutionary economic efficiency. It has been shown that despite the fact that advanced global industrial technologies are a priority target for Western sanctions, the Russian economy continues to focus on the extractive industries developed in the framework of previous technological paradigms, the dominance of which in the national economy actually guarantees the technological backwardness of the country. Conditions have been formulated under which the prospects for the development of NIS.2 within the framework of the sixth technological paradigm in the Russian economy will be high.

Проблемы и перспективы развития НИО.2 в рамках шестого технологического уклада

The paper analyzes the process of the natural transition of the world economy from the fifth technological paradigm to the sixth one in the 2020s. It is shown that, by analogy with the periods of transition from the fourth technological paradigm to the fifth one in the 1970s, and from the third technological paradigm to the fourth one in the 1920s, the expected decline in economic activity, which has already manifested itself in the global economic crisis of the 2020s-2021s, is observed in the 2020s. It is noted that the traditional decline in economic activity in the extractive and processing industries, which takes place in the transition phase, is currently aggravated by the imminent global financial crisis, which is a consequence of a large-scale separation of the global money supply from the global commodity supply. And the resolution of this crisis is a matter of the near future (the next few years). It has been found that it is a huge surplus of unsecured financial resources (a global financial “bubble”) that makes a significant contribution to the slowdown of the processes of accelerating industrial technological development in the sixth technological paradigm by refocusing investors’ attention on speculative operations with cryptocurrencies and intangible assets, where the baton of the dot-com bubble has now been picked up by the set of information technologies under the banner of Industry 4.0, which was widely publicized, but never demonstrated its revolutionary economic efficiency. It has been shown that despite the fact that advanced global industrial technologies are a priority target for Western sanctions, the Russian economy continues to focus on the extractive industries developed in the framework of previous technological paradigms, the dominance of which in the national economy actually guarantees the technological backwardness of the country. Conditions have been formulated under which the prospects for the development of NIS.2 within the framework of the sixth technological paradigm in the Russian economy will be high

KNOWLEDGE OF NANOSCIENCE ABOUT NANOWORLD AND NANOTECHNOLOGIES IN THE CONTENT OF STEM-EDUCATION

The article is an attempt to systematize, substantiate and determine the role and place of nanoscience knowledge about the nanoworld and nanotechnology as well as its application in the content of STEM-education. Basing on the methods of comparative, systematic and interdisciplinary analysis and empirical generalization, it is revealed that this knowledge is an important and necessary avant-garde component of innovative development of the state economy on the basis of high technology, scientific and technological progress and culture of human civilization.The place of nanotechnologies in the technological progress of human civilization is determined from the standpoint of classification of technological devices in the economy. The interrelated criterion characteristics of the content of STEM-education in Ukraine are generalized: 1) Transdisciplinarity (transdisciplinary approach) as a methodological basis for content formation; 2) Innovation, which is widely associated with the practice of attracting innovation in all spheres of society and strengthening the role of STEM education as one of the priorities of modernization of educational content and dissemination of innovative teaching methods; 3) Integration of the content of the initial components of disciplinary knowledge and skills of STEM-education as its guiding principle; 4) Technical character, which is associated with studying and mastering technical knowledge and skills, engineering (as the application of scientific achievements and invention when finding technical solutions of practical problems of mankind). It is proved that the key place of nanotechnologies in the core of the new - sixth technological paradigm in the economy and the powerful potential of their impact on socio-economic changes in the country should determine: priority in the organization and formation of topics and content of curricula and courses in the system of STEM education; wide educational popularization and study of nanotechnologies together with professional orientation on STEM-sphere of activity, high-tech branches of economy.

SUGGESTIONS OF NEW TECHNOLOGIES FOR PROCESSING COAL ON THE BASIS OF USING UNIVERSAL MODULES OF INDUSTRIAL DISINTEGRATORS/ACTIVATORS

The UMID/A developed by the authors of the present paper represent the devices, which are fully compliant with the nano energetics of the Sixth Technological Paradigm and possess unique technical characteristics (extremely high density of the magnetic induction, which is close to the hundred percent of the performance factor, low consumption of materials etc.) that provides for the possibility of grinding in those modules of various materials up to nano dimensions with the purpose of using the ground materials in various sectors of industrial manufacturing, chemistry and medicine. Unique characteristics of the UMID/A determined the possibility of using such disintegrators in the principally new, developed by us technologies for obtaining inexpensive alkaline nano-cements/concretes without additional annealing of the waste of mining and metallurgy productions, inexpensive and environmentally friendly pure arbolite made of alkaline cements, boiler furnace fuel, diesel fuel, lubricating preparations made of coal inexpensive carbon nanotubes and binders of brittle and not very demanded by the construction industry inexpensive materials.

Research of China-Us K-wave based decision making

Most prominent works on the subject, including k-wave theory-based research, do not elaborate on the topic of interconnectivity between economy and research on a microeconomic scale, instead of focusing on general innovation theory and macroeconomic stimuli. Present paper aims to discover k-wave theory-based decision making and potential explanation in R&D standoff between the United States, leader of fifth technological paradigm, and China – emerging leader of sixth technological paradigm. Overall conducted research shows fundamental divergence and a variety of interpretations within the framework of the k-wave theory itself, the proposed change in recourse flow stands true which in turn signifies the importance of k-wave theory in the modern decision-making process.

ЕКОНОМІЧНА КРИЗА 2020 І ШОСТИЙ ТЕХНОЛОГІЧНИЙ УКЛАД: ВЗАЄМОЗВ'ЯЗОК І ЗАКОНОМІРНОСТІ

It is justified that the economic crisis is cyclical and is associated with a change in technological paradigm. The economic crisis is a process characterized by fluctuations in economic activity and it manifests itself in economic, social, environmental and political disruptions. In the sixth technological paradigm, economic growth ensured by the introduction of fundamentally new forms of combining tools and labor items that can ensure the maximum productivity in use of resources. The “core” of the sixth technological paradigm is alternative and nuclear energy, healthcare, education, aviation-, ship- and machine tool engineering, electrical engineering, telecommunications, etc., and “key factors” – information and communication technologies, biotechnology, nanotechnology. The formation of the sixth technological paradigm significantly transforms the structure of productive forces and the system of industrial relations, it change the product and the process of its advancement in various areas: health, education, energy, public services, etc. As a result, the quality characteristics of services and goods are significantly changed, as well as, the level of accessibility to material and intangible benefits of all groups of the population is increased. In this regard, effectiveness of inclusive initiatives requires the consolidation of the efforts of civil society, the State and business, the reform of the education system and the creation of conditions for increasing the level of motivation and social responsibility of society.

Extremism as a Threat to National Security: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow

The editor-in-chief paper is devoted to one of the most serious problems of Russia’s national security, extremist activities, which poses a real threat to the life of the state, encroaches on the constitutional rights and freedoms of Russian citizens, sovereign democracy and public order. It is noted that for the Russian Federation, as a multinational state, extremism is a particular danger, since it undermines the peaceful coexistence of various ethnic and social groups. When describing the relevance of the problem, the paper takes into account the features and relationship of extremism with the predicted negative consequences in the context of globalization of the world economic relations and information and technological development of society in the era of neoindustrialization. The author questions the stereotype that exists in the public consciousness, according to which the extremist organizations, movements, the propaganda of radical views and crimes of an extremist nature are, to a greater extent, already a historical phenomenon, which are characteristic, first of all, of the 90-ies of the XX century. It is argued that the problem under consideration “mutates” and takes on new guises in the conditions of modern reality. It is established that the new legal tools and mechanisms developed over the years are being added as a result of scientific and technological progress. Thus, in the conditions of the sixth technological paradigm, there appear new varieties of extremism, for example, cyberextremism. At the same time, cybersecurity serves as a binding condition for the successful development and operation of industry 4.0 technologies. Based on the results of a comprehensive analysis of the research conducted by the author, as well as taking into account the opinions of the scientists expressed in the main topic of the issue, it is concluded that in the era of the deepening processes of digital interdependence, the international organizations, both intergovernmental and non-governmental, as well as the scientists and practitioners dealing with the security issues should accumulate their efforts to expand digital cooperation in order to protect human rights and eliminate the threats of cyberextremism. The shared human values such as equality, privacy, dignity, freedom, inclusiveness, respect and sustainability should serve as a beacon for legal scholars in the digital age. Modern technologies bring great benefits to all mankind. Moreover, they help protect human rights, but these same technologies can and are already being used to infringe on human rights by both the states and the private sector.

TECHNOLOGICAL PARADIGMS: A JUMP TO THE SIXTH OR A SLIP DOWN TO THE FOURTH

The aim of this article is to analyse approaches to emphasizing the essence of the sixth technological paradigm (wave of innovation). The author uses the historical research method. By examining ideas on the technological paradigms (wave, cycle, paradigm, formation, etc.), the author shows the limitation of the purely economic approach to solving technological paradigms issues. The attention is paid also on the periodization of paradigms and there is an absence of a single logical basis in it. paradigms change. This circumstance does not allow us to speak about a really theoretical description of the process of changing paradigms. The situation is being considered from a wider historical perspective of the humankind existence (as a species), as a subject not only on a planetary scale. From this point of view, the essence of the sixth paradigm and the prospects for the evolution of paradigms are more clearly identified.

Post-production lifecycle phases of the fifth technological paradigm based heavy equipment vehicles

According to the current data Russian Federation is using the considerable amount of outdated heavy equipment vehicles of the third and forth technological paradigm. Some of these heavy equipment vehicles are being used for more than ten years already. At the same time the developed countries have successfully implemented the fifth technological paradigm and are currently advancing towards the sixth technological paradigm. The government of Russian Federation made a decision to improve the capabilities of the heavy equipment vehicles with the benefits of the fifth technological paradigm. This approach requires manufacturers to implement new technologies in product life management including update to the system of technical support to incorporate international standards.

Cryptocurrency potential in the context of transition of global economy to the sixth technological paradigm

This article explores the potential of using cryptocurrency as universal currency in the conditions of transition of the global economic system towards sixth technological paradigm. The goal of this research consists in analysis of the patterns of co-evolution of the global financial system, technological system, and global economy. Based on the historical material, the author demonstrates how shift in technological paradigms is accompanied by financial crises, and result in the changes of the world financial system. Over the course of time, the gold served as the universal currency, but the advancement of technologies demanded the transition towards more flexible forms of world currency based on the national currencies of most industrialized countries. Currently, the transition to the technology of the sixth technological paradigm is followed by the global financial crisis. The U.S. dollar is not handling the functions imposed by the latest technologies upon monetary systems. The conclusion is made that finite currencies are being replaced by an innovative generation of monetary systems that are based on cryptocurrency. The authors systematize the innovation forms of investment, accounting, keeping and saving of funds, which are based on cryptocurrency and blockchain. It is demonstrated that innovation financial instruments, including different types of cryptocurrency, tokens, smart contracts, and cryptocurrency exchanges, open new opportunities for effective investment in the technologies of sixth technological paradigm. The results of research can be valuable for the government branches in establishment of the policy for usage of cryptocurrency and blockchain for entrepreneurs dealing with developments in the area of practical implementation of cryptocurrency as innovative currency.

Экономика России в контексте структурной трансформации

The issues of structural transformation of Russian economy have been discussed by the government and business throughout the past ten years and became more acute in 2014 when sanctions were imposed on Russia. The problem becomes even more relevant due to necessity to meet the challeng-es of global economy especially with regard to de-velopment of new technologies and ecological sus-tainability improvement. The author of the present study provides her own interpretation of the identi-fied periods of Russian economy transformation and highlights their main features. There is pro-posed a methodology for assessing the structure taking into account five economic sectors. The con-ducted corresponding analysis showed that Russian economy can be characterized neither as industrial nor as post-industrial one and the structural chang-es taking place in the economy are of negative na-ture. The study introduces the concept of economy at transition which means that if a rational industrial policy is pursued, Russian economy can become a post-industrial one and will develop according to the requirements of the sixth technological para-digm. The main obstacles of Russia’s transition to the sixth technological paradigm are indicated. It is concluded that the development of a machine-building complex is of crucial importance these days. The author shows possible ways of overcom-ing the problems of the existing economic structure and indicates factors limiting its development.

Modelling Methods in Solving Research and Design Problems in Architecture Activities

The modern architectural and city-planning science requires combining the efforts of a number of various research teams, including representatives of different branches of scientific knowledge, with the purpose of designing the most rational and efficient methods of research organization. Due to the dynamic nature of architectural and city-planning objects and quick alteration of the parameters of their elements and components, prompt methods of solving research, designing or forecasting problems are necessary. The era of the fifth technological paradigm is characterized with the establishment of such branches of industry as electronics, microelectronics, information technologies. Since 2010ies we live in the phase of the sixth technological paradigm development, in which the production processes are based on cloud infrastructure and virtual services. One of methodological preconditions in the further development of architecture is the search for optimal solutions in the process of research and designing developments, which could be the most quickly and efficiently implemented by means of computers and information models. For this purpose, first of all, the appropriate formalization of architectural objects is necessary – i.e. creating functional mathematical models and software products for implementing the process of research and solutions optimization in computing techniques. Current studies in the sphere of architecture more and more lead to realizing the necessity of system approach to research and designing of architectural objects as complicated systems, having the hierarchic structure. The most promising are the system methods of research, designing and expert evaluation of architectural objects of any degree of complexity.