Экономика России в контексте структурной трансформации

Abstract

The issues of structural transformation of Russian economy have been discussed by the government and business throughout the past ten years and became more acute in 2014 when sanctions were imposed on Russia. The problem becomes even more relevant due to necessity to meet the challeng-es of global economy especially with regard to de-velopment of new technologies and ecological sus-tainability improvement. The author of the present study provides her own interpretation of the identi-fied periods of Russian economy transformation and highlights their main features. There is pro-posed a methodology for assessing the structure taking into account five economic sectors. The con-ducted corresponding analysis showed that Russian economy can be characterized neither as industrial nor as post-industrial one and the structural chang-es taking place in the economy are of negative na-ture. The study introduces the concept of economy at transition which means that if a rational industrial policy is pursued, Russian economy can become a post-industrial one and will develop according to the requirements of the sixth technological para-digm. The main obstacles of Russia’s transition to the sixth technological paradigm are indicated. It is concluded that the development of a machine-building complex is of crucial importance these days. The author shows possible ways of overcom-ing the problems of the existing economic structure and indicates factors limiting its development.