With the rapid progress of the era and the intensification of urbanization, the traditional villages in the fringe areas have become empty villages. Based on the protection of China’s long-standing farming culture, the state preserves the traditional Chinese rural characteristics with the support of advocating the development of urbanization in villages; the proposal of the revitalization strategy with Chinese rural characteristics pays great attention to and supports the development of rural characteristics to a great extent. However, China’s vast land and resources and the lack of observation technology make most people do not know enough about traditional villages. Based on the rapid development of drones and remote sensing technology in recent years, this article observes the administrative area of A county in the province of A with the support of big data technology. The DEM data taken by drones is the basic data source; that is, within a certain degree of restriction, elevation data (DEM) can realize effective digital simulation. And the current situation of rural settlement space in County A is analyzed through comprehensive technologies such as GIS technology, parametric analysis technology, and landscape pattern index grading; GIS technology can transform data from multiple sources into geographic graphics. And from the perspective of the ecological environment, the geographical, land use, and settlement spatial pattern of the rural settlements in County A are analyzed, revealing that the spatial distribution of rural settlements in County A is affected by the ecological environment. The results of the study show that the classification statistics table of rural residential areas in County A shows that the base number of independent courtyards is particularly large, accounting for about 83% of the total residential areas. The rural residential areas in County A are dominated by single-family clusters and small clusters, which together account for more than 99.1% of the total area. Large- and medium-sized gathering points are relatively small, accounting for only about 0.87% of the number of village gatherings.