Situational Approach Research Articles

Determining Experience Quality on Customers' Perceived Value, Satisfaction and Loyalty

It is essential in the hospitality and tourism industries to meet the gastronomic expectations of travelers. The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of customer perceived value on customer loyalty and satisfaction, experience quality on customer perceived value and loyalty and investigate the impact of customer satisfaction on customer loyalty. Survey questionnaires were delivered to 201 participants in Tangerang City. The design of the sample used in this study was nonprobability sampling with a technique of purposive sampling with the criteria that you have had culinary tours in Tangerang at least 2 times a year. Data collection was obtained for 3 months Descriptive statistics and PLS-SEM were used to analyze the data. This is a quantitative descriptive analysis. The result show that Customer perceived value have a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty and customer satisfaction, experience quality have a positive and significant effect on customer perceived value, customer satisfaction have a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty. The study findings have one hypothesis is not supported. The study's findings will be useful guides for hospitality and tourism in building a more strategically situated approach to customer satisfaction.

Cultivating students’ sustainability-oriented learning at the interface of science and society: a configuration of interrelated enablers

PurposeBy envisioning the learning environment as an eco-social system, this study aims to map interrelated enablers of students’ sustainability-oriented learning (SoL) in the context of a university course at the interface of science and society.Design/methodology/approachA case-study approach was used to delineate what enables student learning in a university-wide transdisciplinary Master of Science course. A sample of 102 students, university and societal stakeholders participated to this study, by sharing their experiences and views through focus groups and questionnaires.FindingsA main finding is the development of a configuration of six intertwined enablers that through their interplay help to cultivate students’ SoL, in the course under exploration.Originality/valueThis study paves the way for a re-orientation of how to explore learning in complex environments. It shows that adopting a relational, situated and systems approach is not only feasible but is also desirable to understand and guide learning practices in complex environments.

Trust as a potential for the development of economic relations in the context of digital transformation of the economy

The subject of the research is the study of the phenomenon of trust in the conditions of digital transformation of the economy. The purpose of this article is to analyze approaches to the study of trust in modern conditions associated with global challenges and threats. Methodology. Within the framework of the research conducted by the author of the article, the following theories, methods, technologies and approaches were used: a qualitative analysis of the works of domestic and foreign scientists devoted to the transformation of economic relations in the conditions of digitalization and changes in the interpretation of the phenomenon of trust; methods of analysis and synthesis, classification and generalization in the allocation of general and particular in determining the place of trust in economic relations, situational, systemic, structural and functional approaches for the analysis of external and internal factors affecting trust in the interaction of subjects of economic relations. Results. In the presented article, the author analyzes the directions of studying trust in the digital economy. The article suggests an approach to increase the level of trust in digital platforms. Application. The conclusions and results obtained can be used for further analysis and assessment of the level of trust in economic relations.

ECE as an educative and multifaceted practice for growth: to assess and evaluate teaching and learning by documenting children’s actions and re-actions

ABSTRACT Preschool teachers in Sweden are expected to document children’s learning and assess their learning outcomes, for the purpose of long-term evaluation and to develop the educational preschool practice. Previous research shows that the tools for documenting individual learning are particularly focusing on children’s cognitive knowledge, while the tools for evaluating the preschool practice are developed for standardized assessment and teachers’ self-reflection. The purpose of this study is to present and illustrate an action-based tool that (i) facilitates documentation and assessment of children’s multifaceted learning and (ii) combine and interweave individual learning with situated teaching approaches and evaluation of the preschool practice at institutional level. The action-based methodological framework takes a starting point in John Dewey’s pragmatism, transactions and functions of education including qualification, socialization and person-formation. Two analytical approaches; Practical Epistemology Analysis (PEA) and Epistemological Move Analysis (EMA) are used to clarify and illustrate individual, social and institutional dimensions of learning from four sequences of one preschool activity including four children and one teacher talking about a fairy tale. We argue that this tool for assessment and evaluation facilitates action-based reflection and discussion about relations between children’s individual learning and institutional norms and values.

The situational analysis of teaching-learning in clinical education in Iran: a postmodern grounded theory study

BackgroundClinical teaching-learning is a context-bound phenomenon. One of the problems related to field of medical education research is the lack of sufficient attention to context-appropriate methodologies. The purpose of this qualitative inquiry is to explain and represent teaching-learning in the clinical education of general medicine in Iran using the three types of maps situational, social worlds/arenas, positional, in combination with discourse analysis.MethodsIn this study, the authors used the situational analysis approach as a postmodern version of grounded theory. The data collection was undertaken in three stages. In the first stage, a mini literature review was conducted to highlight a possible gap in applying situational analysis in medical education research and the development of this methodology. In the second stage, the latest and most up-to-date documents of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME) of Iran, the general medicine curriculum, and related documents were analyzed. Finally, the remote semi-structured interviews (web-based and telephone) were undertaken in the third stage. Participants in this stage included expert clinical teachers, medical education specialists, and students. In this study, the notes and transcripts were analyzed for the emergence and categorization of sub-themes and themes, represented in three maps.ResultsThirty-one participants were involved in the web-based interviews, while seven participants took part in the telephone interview. Based on this research, the teaching-learning situation in clinical education on general medicine in Iran was represented in three maps; situational, social worlds/arenas, and positional. In addition, the results showed, clinical education of general medicine in Iran in six positions (curriculum; culture, behavior and attitude; management and leadership; environment, space and time; financial; and technology) has serious problems and challenges. Finally, based on the horizontal axis of the positional map, recommendations were provided to develop and support effective clinical teaching.ConclusionsThe clinical learning environment is a complex and multi-layered social environment in which should be considered these numerous social layers, arenas, social worlds, and discourses while developing curricula and teaching.

Urban daily lives and out-of-home food consumption among the urban poor in Nigeria: A practice-based approach

Understanding the interaction between urban daily lives and patterns of food consumption in the Global South is important for informing health and sustainability transitions. In recent years, the lives of poor urban dwellers have undergone significant transformations which have been associated with shifts in patterns of daily food consumption from household-based towards primarily out-of-home. However, as of yet, little research has explored how changing everyday contexts of consumers' lives interrelate with their food vending-consumption practices. This study seeks to understand the interrelations between everyday urban lives and out-of-home food consumption practices among the urban poor in Ibadan, Nigeria. A situated social practice approach is employed to understand how everyday contexts shape practices of out-of-home food vending consumption. Multiple methods were employed, including GIS mapping of food vending outlets, quantitative consumer surveys, in-depth consumer interviews, and participant observation. The study provides an overview of food vending-consumption practices in terms of the socio-demographic situation of consumers and the embeddedness of food vending in the practice arrangements making up their daily lives. The findings reveal three key daily life practices that interlock with their ready-to-eat foods consumption practices: daily mobility practices, working arrangements, and domestic engagements These three categories of daily urban practices that have undergone rapid transformation in line with socio-economic change and urbanisation and emerged as particularly important in shaping out-of-home food consumption. The paper concludes by considering the importance of understanding the embeddedness of food vending practices in the daily lives of the urban poor for sustainable food systems transitions in the Global South.

Situational Approach of Teaching Speaking Maritime English in Merchant Marine Polytechnic of North Sulawesi

English communication skills in the areas of speaking, listening, reading, and writing. However, in many students' minds communication means only interaction between the speaker and the listener. Teaching English at maritime universities and nautical colleges involves not only teaching the language and the sea-related terminology but also making the students aware of the cross-cultural issues and problems that they may encounter in their work onboard ships. The best way of teaching is, how the teacher, instructor, and lecturer can choose and use the right teaching method. FAIES is one of the unique and well-known methods in teaching which can adapt to many situations in the classroom and makes the students feel easy to understand and study comfortably during the lesson especially in speaking English. According to Freud in Wollheim (1981), FAIES (First Aid in English System) is the teaching method to emphasize or stress communication, which consists of a directional approach, functional approach, situational approach, and drilling technique. Maritime English is largely restricted to IMO Standard Marine Communication Phrases, which build basic knowledge of English and had been drafted in a simplified version of maritime English. In terms of maritime education, the current simulator-based studies can be divided into two areas: marine engineering and nautical science. In particular, human factor specialists work in these two fields addressing issues concerning the relationship between humans and technology, such as simulators (Lützhöft et al. 2017). A multitude of new methodologies has been explored and discussed in recent years in an attempt to approach the training and testing of the proficiency of maritime English that meets the international standards laid out in STCW.

Organizational and Economic Triggers of the Restaurant Chain Balanced Development in the Conditions of Service Economics

Topicality. Transformational processes of social and economic relations in Ukraine actualize and determine the need in researching and understanding the balanced development of restaurant chain business systems through the use of modern flexible economic and organizational tools, as well as a number of triggers. The aim of the article is a scientific practical foundation of the process of forming a balanced development of the restaurant business chain structures in service economics conditions. Research methods. In this study, to achieve the set aim, a number of scientific and methodological approaches, which are applied in restaurant business in the formation of restaurant chains, are used. In particular, these are systemic, structural, cognitive (modern), organizational and situational approaches. Additionally, the study uses a number of scientific methods that allow to make a proper theoretical and practical analysis of the research problem, including semantic analysis, structural and logical analysis, retrospective analysis, methods of analysis and synthesis, generalization, grouping and systematization, expert evaluation method. Results. The article actualizes and stipulates the need for further theoretical, methodological and practical study of the restaurant business in service economics. Problematic aspects that hinder the balanced development of restaurant business systems are highlighted. Modern special principles of restaurant business development are concretized; their taking into account is recommended when forming chain forms of business structures. Franchise chains are considered to be one of the most common forms of restaurant business organization in the world. The analysis of condition and problems of franchising business development in Ukraine is given; its advantages are defined and proved. The specialists’ expert assessment on the state, problems and tendencies of restaurant business development and new innovative forms of organization of its chain structures is given. The problems of insufficiently effective organizational and economic support of business activity and the lack of balanced mechanism for its development are studied. At the scientific applied level, the use of triggers in modern management practice – psychological, economic, organizational, which enhance the effectiveness of business processes – is highlighted. The special urgency of using the full tools of organizational and economic triggers system for balanced development of restaurant chains in the service economics is substantiated. Conclusions and discussions. For balanced development of service enterprises, scientists and practitioners focus on defining and evaluating a system of indicators for continuous diagnosis of business performance. For full synergetic effect in modern business practice, a system of triggers is used; it enhances the efficiency of business processes in restaurant business enterprises in service economics. The scientific novelty of obtained research results is in further development of scientific practical provisions for economic and organizational support of balanced restaurant chains development through the understanding of the essence of balanced restaurant chains development in new conditions of competitive aggravation.

Lessons learned from adapting a quantitative to an emergent mixed methods research design in Pakistan during COVID-19

ABSTRACT This article delineates the process through which a quantitative study in the context of Pakistan was adapted into emergent mixed methods research due to COVID-19-related complexities. The in-process data collection was halted abruptly as schools were closed and lockdowns were imposed across Pakistan in the early 2020s due to COVID-19. In response, the quantitative research design was adapted to adjust the research design by adding further research questions and introducing qualitative interviews. COVID-19 increased the complexity in the research context. We argue that mixed methods offer adaptive approaches in disruptive situations which help to deal with the complexities. The paper further suggests that disruption during research occurs in various forms and adaptive procedures should be described as part of the research rather than ignoring them. This article provides a practical example for researchers on using adaptive approaches to mixed methods in a developing country context where the possibilities of disruptions are more rampant.

Ситуационно-псохологически подход към персонална охрана на защитени магистрати

This article focuses on the situational and psychological approach that can enhance the effectiveness of the protection of endangered judges, prosecutors, and investigators. The idea was raised that risk assessment and the implementation of security would be more effective if the situation is viewed in a different way from the ordinary approach. The phenomenological view allows for a larger interpretation, which includes personal and external factors.

Strategi Dalam Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi di Lingkungan PT Waskita Karya

State-Owned Enterprises as a government tool in seeking profit in running their business in managing funds from capital receipts from the government have a great potential for corrupt practices. Therefore, PT Waskita Karya in suppressing and taking preventive steps for corruption by implementing preventive efforts in preventing at Waskita Karya Group with a Situational Prevention Crime approach that focuses on internal and external supervision and narrows space in areas prone to corruption. Then improve the quality of human resources with integrity and quality. In addition to a preventive approach, a repressive approach by taking an approach that focuses on asset recovery due to losses from corruption through one of the civil law instruments, civil forfeiture as regulated in the Anti-Corruption Law.

THE PREFERRED APPROACH TO THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF DEFENSE INDUSTRY ENTERPRISES WITH DIVERSIFICATION

Radical changes arising in connection with the reduction of the state defense order and the need for diversification at the enterprises of the military-industrial complex to provide the domestic market with high-tech dual-use and civilian products, initiate changes in the management of the personnel component of production by the personnel of the enterprise. Of particular importance are the issues of practical application of modern forms of personnel management, which make it possible to increase the economic efficiency of a diversified defense industry enterprise. Since various forms and types of diversification have their own personnel advantages and disadvantages, they must be taken into account when transforming the personnel management system at diversified defense enterprises. The types and forms of diversification that have developed in practice are considered and an attempt is made to identify the most widely used in the diversification of defense industry enterprises. The advantages and disadvantages of existing approaches to the transformation of personnel management (“system approach”, “process approach”, “functional approach”, “diagnostic approach”, “situational approach”, “project approach”) are analyzed and an attempt is made to justify an approach to the transformation of personnel management adequate to the specifics of a diversified enterprise. The authors consider the diagnostic approach to be the most preferable, which gives an idea of the strengths and weaknesses of a diversified enterprise, its potential capabilities, and provides an opportunity to develop a personnel management system that takes into account the specific features of the technology and organization of production of a diversified defense industry enterprise with various types and forms of diversification.

Upaya Pendekatan Kepemimpinan dan Model kepemimpinan Kepala Madrasah MI Ma'arif Kemangguan

This journal discusses the leadership approach and leadership model applied by the Head of Madrasah MI Ma'arif Kemangguan. The purpose of this study was to find out the leadership approach and leadership model that was carried out and applied by the Madrasah Principal Ma'arif Kemangguan. This research was conducted with the aim of knowing the leadership approach adopted by the head of Madrasah MI Ma'arif Kemangguan in carrying out his duties as a leader. In addition, this study also examines the leadership model carried out by the Madrasah Principal of MI Kemangguan. In this study, the authors used qualitative methods, by conducting interviews with informants. The main resource person in this study was the Head of Madrasah MI Ma'arif Kemangguan. Apart from that, as information or supporting data in this study, namely conducting research on two administrators of MI Ma'arif Kemangguan and one guardian of students of MI Ma'arif Kemangguan. The results of the study were to find out the leadership approach and leadership model used by the Head of the Madrasah MI Ma'arif Kemangguan. The leadership approach taken by the Head of Madrasah MI Ma'arif Kemangguan is to use a situational approach, namely the pattern of behavior shown by a leader when leading and being able to influence the activities of others, both as individuals and groups. Meanwhile, the leadership model adopted by the Head of Madrasah MI Ma'arif Kemangguan is a participatory leadership model where the leader has little control in the decision-making process, here the leader only presents the problem which is then discussed with his subordinates. .

Nigerian teachers' self‐reported climate science literacy and expressed training needs on climate change concepts: Prospects of job‐embedded situative professional development

AbstractThe assessment of Nigerian teachers' climate science literacy and training needs on climate change concepts (i.e., causes, impacts, and solutions) are absent. This study relates teachers' climate science literacy and their expressed training needs in other climate change concepts and places teachers in groups. Following a descriptive survey design, 410 teachers were randomly sampled from 8338 public secondary school teachers in Enugu State, southeastern Nigeria. A researcher‐developed instrument passing validity and reliability tests was used for this study. We implemented frequencies, mean, t test, ANOVA, k‐means cluster analyses, and Pearson's correlation for the analyses of collected data and tested all hypotheses at a p < 0.05 level of significance. Teachers reported low to moderate climate science literacy and expressed high training needs on climate change concepts. Lower climate science literacy was related to higher expressed training needs. Four groups of teachers ensued from our cluster analyses. Sadly, teachers who possess little or less climate science literacy and expressed less or no training needs in climate change causes, impacts, and solutions constitute over half of the respondents of this study (53.90%). These are mostly science teachers. This situation, if unreversed, may lead to the transfer of misconceptions and inaccurate information on climate change to students. Our findings support the prospects of school−university partnerships, coaching, mentoring, study groups, and co‐teaching for job‐embedded situative approaches to teachers' professional development (PD) to replace an endless wait for inadequate and irregular training opportunities from the government. Questions about the climate science literacy of teacher educators also arise.

Language proficiency: from description to prescription and back?

Abstract Language proficiency, when expressed as a grade or a mark, is often associated with the notions of measurement accuracy, reliability and trustworthiness. In this article my focus is on English as an additional/second language proficiency in the past fifty years or so. I will suggest that the notion of proficiency is an artefact influenced by the ebbs and flows of intellectual movements and conceptual recontextualizations. The onset of the concept of communicative competence in the 1970s serves as the point of departure for this discussion. I will explore the ways in which this primarily research-oriented concept has been filtered through a particular set of disciplinary and ideological perspectives that led to a pared-down view of language communication and a universalist approach to curriculum development and assessment of proficiency. After that I will turn to the recent research findings and theorizations in fields such as academic literacies, English as a Lingua Franca, flexible multilingualism and translanguaging to show the need for a more empirically situated, dynamic and fluid approach to language use and language proficiency. Further exploratory work is needed at this watershed moment. I will illustrate some of the challenges by analysing some of the conceptual and technical difficulties found in an international language curriculum and assessment framework as it attempts to embody a more dynamic and situated approach. In the final part of the discussion I will suggest a set of basic questions for further reflexive analysis and research.

Peculiarities of entertainment projects promotion on the Instagram platform

The relevance of the chosen topic of communicative effectiveness of promotion on Instagram is based on the need to increase the use of evidence-based research, which would provide the analysis of techniques, components and methods of promotion through social networks, including in particular the Instagram platform. The purpose of this research is to determine the algorithm for the formation of communicative effectiveness of entertainment projects on Instagram social network on the example of case studies of such companies as Netflix, Epicfunnypage, Be.bloome, implemented in 2019. The methodological basis of the study is the set of scientific research methods such as analysis and synthesis, comparison and system approach. The study results have revealed the peculiarities of how brands form the systems of promotion complexes through the social network. The analysis has identified the main metrics of the studied Instagram pages, which are elements of the strategy formation of each project. Special attention is paid to the fact that the projects of different scales and entertainment areas have required different promotion strategies, which have showed communication effectiveness, in particular, the followers' number and engagement, the number of reactions on the page, the speed of effective project promotion. After considering all of the examples mentioned above, it has been found that there is no universal way to promote Instagram page. The study has confirmed the assumption that the entertainment projects promotion on the Instagram platform requires a comprehensive, attentive and situational approach to the choice of not only the page promotion methods, but also the efficacy evaluation of the promotion itself. The results of the study revealed that the new projects can be promoted and hold the lead by occupying a specific niche and choosing the right set of performance efficacy evaluation under conditions of high competition of entertainment projects on Instagram.

Identifying leverage points for shifting Water-Energy-Food nexus cases towards sustainability through the Networks of Action Situations approach combined with systems thinking

In the twenty-first century, the world´s demand for natural resources is more pressing and deeply interconnected than ever before. The Water-Energy-Food (WEF) nexus has gained growing interest as a promising concept for complex resource management challenges. However, knowledge about the root causes of cross-sectoral coordination problems and how they can be shifted towards sustainability is still lacking. This paper fills this gap by conceptualising a WEF nexus case with the Networks of Action Situations approach combined with systems thinking. This approach allows a deep analysis of the root causes of coordination gaps, facilitates a joint understanding of the system dynamics to identify leverage points for shifting the WEF nexus towards sustainability, and to envision the impact of potential interventions on the network of action situations and their outcome. The value and the reciprocal benefits of the combined approach introduced are illustrated for a case in Switzerland, Europe. The results show a coordination gap between the different sectors and that not all sectors were considered equally. This leads to a prioritization of energy production over water-bound biodiversity and food production. The root causes for this outcome are a focus to mitigate climate change and awareness of biodiversity but much less awareness of the impacts of climate change on Swiss water bodies. The study identifies five deep leverage points for interventions, which are expected to ensure a shared systemic problem understanding and more balanced coordination between different sectors resulting in the sustainable and equitable provision and utilization of WEF resources.

Students’ Learning Approaches in The EFL Emergency Online Learning Context

Emergency online learning has transformed today’s learning while opening up opportunities and challenges, one of which is learning approach. This study aims to investigate students’ learning approach in the English Education study program in emergency online learning. A mixed-method was employed using two instruments; R-SPQ-2F questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. The results of the instrument check showed that the R-SPQ-2F survey and interview guide were valid (.90) and reliable (α=.88). Calculated using Slovin formula, there were 302 respondents for this study. The survey data were analysed using R-SPQ-2F mean score analysis and interview data were with interactive model analysis. The results of the study indicate that the learning approach of students in the English education study program in the context of emergency learning tends to be deep. The interview results provide important information that the student approach is influenced by several supporting and inhibiting factors. This shows that the student learning approach is dynamic in adjusting to learning process. Policy makers, lecturers, and students need to consider aspects of this learning approach in the current emergency online situation for a more effective and meaningful learning process.

Collaborative approaches and adaptability in disaster risk situations

PurposeThe aim of the study was to examine the role of collaborative approaches (productive collaboration, collaborative innovation and collaborative risk management) in disaster risk situations. Thus, the study focused on the effect of productive collaboration and collaborative innovation on collaborative risk management, and the effect of collaborative risk management and collaborative innovation on adaptability.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from nongovernmental organizations (NGOs). The Covariance Based Structural Equation Modeling software was used to obtain results on the influence of productive collaboration and collaborative innovation on collaborative risk management, the influence of collaborative innovation on adaptability and the influence of collaborative risk management on adaptability.FindingsFindings indicated that both productive collaboration and collaborative innovation influence collaborative risk management, and both collaborative innovation and collaborative risk management influence adaptability.Research limitations/implicationsThe study mainly focused on the NGOs eliminating the government, beneficiaries and other actors that may be involved in disaster risk situations. The research has implications to decision makers in government, NGOs and other actors concerned with disaster risk management.Originality/valueCountries worldwide are focusing on collaborative innovation and productive collaboration in addition to collaborative risk management to respond to epidemics and natural disasters. Despite the relevance of the collaborative initiatives, empirical research explaining the relevance of the variables to adaptability of actors during epidemics or natural disasters is still lacking.

INTERROGATION TACTICS FOR UNDERAGE VICTIMS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE

Conducting an interrogation of minors who have suffered from domestic violence, considering the special procedural situation of the latter and the threatening trends in the growth of these offences, determines the need to develop tactical features and formulate the optimal sequence of implementation of this investigative (search) action, so the relevance of this study does not raise objections. The purpose of the study is to investigate the procedural, tactical, and psychological features of conducting an interrogation of underage victims of domestic violence and formulate appropriate scientific and practical recommendations for timely and high-quality implementation of this investigative (search) action. To highlight the specifics of the stages of conducting such an interrogation, to reveal the specifics of organising preparation for the interrogation of underage victims, and on this basis to formulate appropriate scientific and practical recommendations. Find out the possibility and conditions for conducting remote interrogation of underage victims of domestic violence. Outline the main questions that need to be answered during the interrogation of an underage victim of domestic violence. Methodology. During the research, a set of scientific methods was applied: dialectical, methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, system and structural, formal and logical, comparative legal, modelling, and generalisation. Conclusions. As a result of the conducted research, it was determined that the interrogation of an underage victim of domestic abuse should consist of a set of tactical, psychological, and legally regulated actions of the investigator to collect, evaluate and record criminally significant information about the event of a criminal offence (the fact(s) of domestic abuse) by direct communication of the investigator with the minor to obtain truthful information about the circumstances of the committed illegal act. Attention was drawn to the need to establish psychological contact and trusting relations with a minor. Attention is focused on the advantages of conducting remote interrogation of underage victims of domestic violence. It is concluded that during the interrogation, the age, individual characteristics, level of psychophysical development of an underage victim of domestic violence, and a situational approach combined with appropriate correction of the investigator's behaviour are subject to consideration. The practical significance lies in the fact that the study formulates conclusions and proposals aimed at improving the effectiveness of investigators' interrogation of underage victims of domestic violence. The study results can also serve as a basis for improving national legislation, as proposals were formulated to amend the criminal procedure legislation of Ukraine