Situation Of Older People Research Articles

The Demographic Situation of Ageing Population in Nepal

The title of the study is “Demographic Situation of Population Ageing in Nepal,” and its main objective is to illustrate and describe the population situation of ageing in Nepal. The population of old age people is increasing day by day which is a challenge for developing countries like Nepal. Due to this, I was curious to study the situation of the elderly people. The ageing trends and situation of older people are analyzed using the census data of 1952/54-2021AD. This article follows descriptive and analytical methods which are based on secondary sources of data. Furthermore, it is based on a literature review, books, journals, articles, and reports. All these are from internet sources. The age structure of the population in Nepal is in increasing trend. Over the years with declining fertility and controlled adult mortality, the old age population has been increasing. The population of elderly people in the country is increasing both in terms of absolute number and as the proportion of the total population which is growing faster than the annual population growth. Because of better healthcare facilities, nutritious food, and awareness. The elderly people have more knowledge, experience, and wisdom. So, they are an asset to the nation. Society or nation can use these qualities of the elderly people in national reconstruction. With the gradual increase in life expectancy at birth and decline in mortality rate, the median age is in increasing trends. In the Nepalese context, the rate of growth in the elderly population surpasses that of the overall population.

3.H. Workshop: Climate change and older people: a public health perspective with a focus on equity

Abstract The climate crisis has been recognized as the largest threat to human health in the 21st century, with frequent and prolonged heat waves and the related health consequences being a key concern in European countries. While in the public health discourse related to the climate crisis, older people have been identified as a vulnerable group in general, the needs, views and vulnerabilities of older people and the responsive actions required are currently poorly defined and lacking in detail. In addition, equity aspects are often neglected as older people are often addressed (only) as a broad target group (e.g. as the 65+). This workshop session will foster a knowledge, research and experience exchange on the situation of older people in the context of the climate crisis and increasing heatwaves in different European countries with a focus on lessons for implementation in public health. The contributions in the session use both quantitative and qualitative research methodologies to highlight the heterogeneity and vulnerabilities of different subgroups of older people; and the inequalities driving and resulting in the specific impacts of rising heat and climate change in this growing demographic group. The session will also review current heat wave policies and share evidence and best practice to inform the development of responsive public health solutions. Key messages • Older populations are more vulnerable to the impacts of climate instability and extreme weather events. Understanding which subgroups are at greater risk will enable better public health responses. • Current policies provide limited insights on actions, barriers and enablers for building resilience in older population groups in response to climate change for equitable public health responses.

Care and support for older people with intellectual disabilities beyond the pursuit of ageing ‘in place’: towards constructing a space to be(long)

ABSTRACT Whereas population ageing has been a much debated issue over the last decades, the political and scientific awareness of the longevity of adults with intellectual disabilities is considered relatively new. When the situations of older people with intellectual disabilities are coming into focus, attention has especially been drawn to medical aspects or to expected challenges of their ageing for health and social service providers. In that vein, a prominent yet rather wicked issue has been the question whether either disability care or elderly care services are the right place to meet their needs. This article discusses findings of a qualitative research study that aimed to reconstruct and investigate 10 care trajectories of ageing people with intellectual disabilities. Based on open interviews with the individuals themselves and with significant others from their formal and informal networks, we identified mechanisms in society that allow or deny older people with intellectual disabilities access to certain care settings or welfare provision. Moreover, we discovered concerns, interests and aspirations that are often left unseen. This shows the necessity to go beyond the debate of ‘ageing in (or out of) place’, and challenges us to create opportunities and strategies to create ‘a space to be(long)’.

The situation of elderly people in Poland in the time of COVID-19

The aim of the article was, to present the situation of old people during the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. The article has an illustrative character and is based on the available data. Authors starting from the presentation of basic demographic and epidemiological data, discussed such aspects of functioning of the elderly as, physical activity, economic, social, cultural and educational activity, and use of Internet resources, which were transformed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In particular, isolation and protective measures such as distance, masks, handwashing and stay-at-home policies, and restrictions on congregation, have resulted in significant changes in the daily functioning of the old and have often led to increased social isolation, marginalisation and limited access to health care.

Life-Course Transitions to Precarious Housing in Older Age

Home is central to health and wellbeing; yet the changing nature of work, household dynamics and especially housing markets, with scant policy attention and action around this, means low-middle income households are struggling in many countries. In Australia, while older people are considered to be at less risk because of higher levels of home ownership, there is a growing body of evidence about the living situations of older people who have not attained or retained home ownership over the life course and have limited wealth and savings moving into later life. This paper presents the findings of multivariate regression modelling using HILDA, a national longitudinal panel survey, to identify the profile(s) of older people at risk of homelessness in Australia. The data makes it clear a range of structural and individual factors across the life course are increasingly impacting on the ability to live a good life in older age.

Understanding unmet health-care need among older Ghanaians: a gendered analysis

AbstractHealth insurance schemes are important for bridging gaps in health-care needs between the rich and poor, especially in contexts where poverty is higher among seniors (persons aged 65 years and above). In this study we examined (a) gender-based predictors of unmet health-care need among seniors and (b) whether access was influenced by wealth status (measured by income quintiles). Gender-specific negative log–log regression models were fitted to data from the Study on Global Ageing and Health to examine associations between unmet health-care need and health insurance status controlling for theoretically relevant covariates. Insurance status was an important determinant of men and women's unmet health-care need but the relationship was moderated by income quintile for women and not men. While occupation was important for men, religion, marital status and income quintile were significantly associated with women's unmet health-care need. Based on the observed gender differences, we recommend the implementation of programmes aimed at improving the economic situation of older people, particularly women.

Economic Status, Family Dependence, and Health Outcomes of Older People in Western Rural China

ABSTRACTThere is a deficiency in empirical knowledge on the physical and mental health of lower-income older people with weak family support in western rural China. To address this research gap, this article uses the data from the 2014 China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey to analyze the disadvantaged situation of older people in western rural China through a regional comparative analysis. Our sample consisted of 7,138 older adults aged 60 or older in eastern and western, rural and urban China. We find that lower personal income is significantly associated with poor physical and mental health. Economic support from families means more for older people when they have a disability related to activities of daily living in western rural China. Fostering stronger family support networks might improve the mental health status of older people in western rural China. Our study suggests a broader scope for the state to play a greater role in economic empowerment and in the development of policies to effectively meet the present and future needs of older people in western rural China or other countries with an imbalance in the distribution of the aging population and welfare resources.

Larger Chinese text spacing and size: effects on older users’ experience

AbstractWith declining vision ability, character spacing and size on smartphones designed for the general population are not accessible for older adults. This study aimed to explore how larger Chinese character spacing and size affect older adults’ user experience (UX). An orthogonal experiment was conducted. The optimal range of font size (FS), word spacing (WS) and line spacing (LS) were proposed utilising subjective evaluations to investigate the correlation of eye movement data with participants perceived UX. The results showed that improvement in different aspects of UX varied when FS, WS and LS increased. Overall, participants preferred larger FS, WS and LS, however, the larger FS, WS and LS values are more likely to cause errors and slower reading speed. These results suggest that the distinct combination of size and spacing depends on the motivation, needs and situation of older people when reading on a smartphone. These findings will help designers to provide better design for the older people.

Old people in Polish cities in the late eighteenth century

ABSTRACTThe issue of old age as a period in life of a person in the cities of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was not widely discussed in historic literature of the past. This was due, to a large extent, to the beliefs of the researchers regarding the difficulty in capturing this phenomenon in light of rather Modest statistical sources. This study is, therefore, an attempt to scrutinise the mechanisms behind the functioning of city communities in the territories of central Poland in the late-feudal age on a basic level - the level of the smallest social unit and its economic base, i.e. the household, based on handwritten civil-military censuses from 1791-1792. The author is interested in the living situation of old people, their sizes and gender proportions in cities varying in size: from small to large ones in the second half of the 18th century. The article presents the dependencies between the age and position of men and women in the household and the proportions of old people being heads of households. Using the typology by Peter Laslett a model of a household ran by old people was shown against the background of a general structure of households in cities. The last part of the text concerns the size of households ran by old people, taking into account the social status, and their position within the family. The analysis of the censuses does not allow to determine any clear difference of living through old age in Polish cities in the 18th century in comparison to the regions which are attributed a ’unique’ model of European forms of family. The structural similarity of old age seen in Polish cities is closer to the model observed in cities of western than of eastern Europe.

Causes and consequences of increased aging trend in modern society

This paper analyzes the causes and consequences of the increasedtrend of population aging in contemporary society expressed in severalprevious decades. This refers to increasing the share of the populationaged between 60 and 65 years and over (chronological criteriaare defined in the modern age in relation to age in which the workingactivity stops, they can not be applied to African countries), thatis the share of the elderly population of 7 (and more) percent of thetotal population. As a result, we have the increased number of demographicallyold societies. Aging is a biological process, but also a socialconstruct, because at different times and in different societies are differentlyset boundaries of age, attitude towards aging, status of elderlypeople and the like. The most important demographic characteristicsthat cause aging of the population in modern society are: lower fertility,lower mortality (especially the older groups) and migrations.Accelerated aging of the population undermines the economic and socialbalance in the society in which it is expressed (increased pressureon funds of social, health and pension protection) it requires the increasedinvestment effort to deal with this problem and its resolution,but there are consequences for individuals (loss of autonomy , loneliness,illness, etc.). In recent years, the attitude towards old people andthe experience of aging have changed due to an improvement of theoverall quality of life (working and living conditions, progress in thefield of medicine), which gives an opportunity to the people of this ageto lead a full life of different activities (travel, education , acquisitionof new skills and the like.). Although progress was made in terms ofhuman rights, quality of life and the situation of old people in society,there are still various problems that they face (social exclusion, poverty,violence, etc.). In contemporary society have beeb undertakenvarious activities which aim to promote a positive attitude towardsthe old (er) people and to prevent discrimination based on age.

Older people in the information society

This paper focuses on the situation of older people in the information society. In the theoretical part of article phenomena of aging population and information society were described. This paper includes results of research conducted in qualitative strategy. The method of collecting data was biographical method. The method for data processing was qualitative content analysis. In the research 2 older, educationally active people took part.
 Results of research shows how older people understand the information society and what risk and opportunities they notice in this new reality. Narratives of the respondents indicated that education is of crucial importance for participation in the information society. Older people who take part in lifelong learning cope better with the new reality than people who do not learn.
 Based on the research results we can point out areas of education which should be development. Moreover, it is visible that educational activity of older people is very important in adaptation to the information society. Narratives of seniors indicate reasons for the lack of educational activity of other seniors. According to this, it can be specified what action should be undertaken to prevent the exclusion of older people in this new reali

Good personal finances or a strong social capital—on different life conditions of importance for an active life when becoming alone in old age

Becoming alone in old age can be a decisive life event that brings major changes depending on various causes as health status, financial resources, family situation, and available welfare services. This article discusses the situation of older people in Sweden who have transitioned from a two-person to single-person household in recent years and what impact this might have on their everyday lives. Through in-depth interviews with 18 older people, age 67–90, their experiences about life conditions and opportunities were examined. Findings showed large differences between the men and women. They all tried to live as they always had done and they used the same personal life strategies that they always had. But the men could live as before on their own financial merits, while the women needed assistance from children, grandchildren and the welfare system. Transportation options were central and clearly related to both private economy and social services available. Shortcomings in the welfare state's way of caring for the elderly were clearly uncovered. The gap between social policy promises of opportunities for autonomy and independence to live an active life in old age and the everyday reality for older people still seems to be wide.

50+ employees on Czech and Moravian-Silesian labour market

The ageing of the Czech population brings the problem of insufficient quantitative and qualitative reproduction of the labour force, which influences the competitiveness of the country. National strategic documents emphasize the necessity of using the work potential of older people through the realization of measures supporting their employment. The efficiency of these measures depends on the characteristics of the older people, the attitudes of other labour market subjects towards them, and regional differences. Therefore, the aim of this paper is the detailed description of older people’s characteristics and their situation , and the evaluation of its differences between national and regional levels. The paper did not identify any significant differences between the situation of older people on the national labour market and the labour market of the Moravian-Silesian region, which suggests the applicability of unified approach supporting the employability of 50+ people. However, a lack of interest in employing 50+ workers was identified in the case of small and medium enterprises, as well as insufficient activity by 50+ individuals themselves to lead to any improvement of their current situation.

Human Rights of the Elderly: World and Bangladesh Perspective

Elderly is an emerging issue. There is a growing concern in world especially in developing countries, how the elderly people will be supported and cared for in a new millennium that is a big concern.. Most of the elderly people of Bangladesh aren't in a good socio-economic condition due of various problems such as poverty, wage discrimination, want of essential goods and situation. Present human rights situation of older people are not good. Unite Nations has taken initiatives to ensure the rights of older people. Developed and Developing countries are also taken initiatives like policy formulation .Bangladesh government aware to preserve the rights of older persons.

Contentment and Suffering: the Impact of Australia's Housing Policy and Tenure on Older Australians

Housing policy in Australia historically has focused on facilitating homeownership and creating some buffer for those households that are not homeowners. This paper explores the implications of this policy for older Australians. What is argued is that housing tenure has become a crucial divide and that older Australians who have not had the good fortune to access homeownership or public / community housing and who are dependent on the private rental sector as a result, often find themselves in desperate circumstances. The argument is developed that the failure to put in place a housing policy which would give all citizens the ability to access adequate and affordable housing, has led to a situation where a substantial and increasing number of older Australians have untenable housing costs and minimal disposal income. The article concludes that the present policy initiatives aimed at addressing the housing affordability crisis will have little impact on the situation of older people who are currently in housing stress.

Education for Older People in Italy

This article provides information on trends in formal and informal adult education in Italy, with a particular focus on the older learners (over 65). Main providers, programs, objectives/motivations, and financial and legal framework are described. In general, over-65-year-old people were found to be underrepresented in participation. They were also concentrated in activities of informal education (through, for example, Third Age Universities) instead of formal courses that are oriented mainly towards the development of skills/competencies for the labor market. In order to improve the situation of older people in the future, the question of financing is one of the main challenges to be addressed by policymakers.

Poverty among older people in Latin America and the Caribbean

AbstractThis paper provides evidence on the incidence of poverty among older people in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), based on household survey microdata from 20 countries. The situation of older people is characterised in terms of income, education, health and access to services vis‐à‐vis the rest of the population. The paper identifies the role played by the current pension systems in LAC, and assesses the efforts needed to achieve substantial improvements towards the reduction of old age poverty. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Older people “found dead” at home: challenges for the coroner system in England and Wales

This paper arises from current proposals to reform the Coroner Service in England and Wales. In it, we explore the extent to which inquests offer the opportunity to increase our understanding of the situation of older people who are “found dead.” This is a kind of death that might be categorized as a “bad death” and, as such, one that will involve the coroner. Research that has been conducted on older people who have been found dead indicates that coroners’ records are an inadequate source of information. We argue that this is because the system of death certification in England and Wales is focused on the medical cause of death. In consequence, the social circumstances surrounding those who are found dead remain unrecorded. We cannot judge therefore the extent or seriousness of this category of “bad deaths” nor whether social intervention in such cases might have been warranted. We further argue that proposals for reform, which were motivated in large part by the desire to improve the chances of detecting cases of concealed homicide as revealed by the Shipman Inquiry, have missed an opportunity to reconceptualize and broaden the role of the coroner in a way that would increase our knowledge and understanding of the circumstances surrounding other “bad deaths.”

L’alcoolisme au troisième âge

The author discusses the problem of alcoholism in the elderly. In the first part he describes the general situation of old people and the problems they most frequently encounter. He puts forward the hypothesis that the specific problems related to old age are a determining factor in the on-set or aggravation of an alcool abuse problem. In the second part he presents a brief survey of the literature on the subject and mentions the difficulties relative to a request for help by an elderly person grappling with an alcool abuse problem. Finally, he examines the nature of the treatment to be provide to such a person.

火葬場のない沖縄県離島における葬法に対する住民の関心

Questionnaire study on the concern of 245 inhabitants regarding funeral practices and sur vey on the situation of old people's hospitalization in the isolated islands of Zamami village with out crematorium were carried out in 2000. The relationship of funerary practice and care of old people are discussed. 1. Traditionally the funeral practice involves burial of the dead followed by exhumatio: after several years whence the bones are cleaned by their relatives. All people died in the is lands have been practiced in the islands from 1990 to 1999. 2. Concern of the respondents for the funeral practice is influenced by experience of bone cleansing. Most of the respondents over 50 years old who have experienced bone-cleansing, sup port cremation. About 40% of the respondents below 50 years old who have little experience, support free of the funeral practice. About 90% of inhabitants choose to have cremation after their death. 3. Among the patients over 65 years old from islands without crematorium who were hos pitalized in 4 hospitals in mainland Okinawa, those over 90 years hospitalized for terminal care constituted the high number, accounting for 23.1% from Zamami. The non existence of the crematorium facility and concern of the inhabitants seem to exert considerable influence on the lives of old people in isolated small islands.