Simple Medium Research Articles

Vegan grade medium component screening and concentration optimization for the fermentation of the probiotic strain Lactobacillus paracasei IMC 502® using Design of Experiments.

Lactobacillus paracasei IMC502® is a commercially successful probiotic strain. However, there are no reports that investigate growth medium composition in relation to improved biomass production for this strain. The major outcome of the present study is the design and optimization of a growth medium based on vegan components to be used in the cultivation of Lactobacillus paracasei IMC502®, by using Design of Experiments. Besides comparing different carbon sources, the use of plant-based peptones as nitrogen sources was considered. In particular, the use of guar peptone as the main nitrogen source, in the optimization of fermentation media for the production of probiotics, could replace other plant peptones (e.g. potato, rice, wheat, and soy) which are part of the human diet, thereby avoiding an increase in product and process prices. A model with R2 and adjusted R2 values higher than 95% was obtained. Model accuracy was equal to 94.11%. The vegan-optimized culture medium described in this study increased biomass production by about 65% compared to growth on De Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) medium. Moreover, this approach showed that most of the salts and trace elements generally present in MRS are not affecting biomass production, thus a simplified medium preparation can be proposed with higher probiotic biomass yield and titer. The possibility to obtain viable lactic acid bacteria at high density from vegetable derived nutrients will be of great interest to specific consumer communities, opening the way to follow this approach with other probiotics of impact for human health.

Development of a microbial time-temperature indicator for real-time monitoring the quality of Australian vacuum-packed lamb

A time-temperature indicator (TTI) system based on the pH-dependent colour change caused by the growth of a Carnobacterium maltaromaticum strain was developed to specifically provide a real-time indication of quality and shelf life of Australian vacuum-packed (VP) lamb throughout cold chains. Each component of the developed TTI system was studied to select an optimal concentration of a chemical chromatic indicator (chlorophenol red, CR; between 0.01 % and 0.30 %) and supplementary glucose (between 0 % and 10 %), and an appropriate C. maltaromaticum strain (among four different strains) in a simple BHI medium. BHI medium containing 0.01 % CR and 1 % added glucose, inoculated with C. maltaromaticum strain 1 were required for development of the TTI system to indicate quality and shelf life of VP lamb. Different inoculum levels of C. maltaromaticum strain 1 (103 to 105 CFU/mL) were also examined at 8 °C for their effects on the TTI response. As expected, higher inoculum levels of C. maltaromaticum led to a shorter endpoint of the TTI system but it was found that a 3 log10 higher inoculum level in the TTI than the expected total viable counts of VP lamb was required to accurately predict VP lamb shelf life by the TTI. To further evaluate the applicability of the TTI system, we evaluated its response at two other temperatures (2 °C and 4 °C) relevant to the storage conditions for VP lamb. The data showed a strong agreement between the observed TTI's endpoints and predicted shelf lives of VP lamb. This indicated that the developed TTI has the potential to be developed further for commercial application to provide a real-time, distinct, and accurate indication of Australian VP lamb.

Bio-leather: Sustainable clothing fabrics made from simple media ingredients and slime mold Physarum polycephalum

The textile industry contributes significantly to global warming and pollution, especially the leather industry, which uses livestock and toxic tanning processes that have a great environmental impact. Currently, efforts are being made to mitigate the negative impacts of the textile industry by using alternative non-toxic chemicals or by recycling fabric. More recent efforts explore utilization of non-conventional biomaterials and organisms, such as mushroom mycelia, algae or genetically-engineered microorganisms. In this study, we implemented slime mold Physarum polycephalum perfused through leather-like fabrics made from air-dried simple nutritious media in order to develop environmentally friendly, easy-to-manufacture and sustainable fabrics. Plasmodium was validated for its viability and propagation under non-sterile conditions and in contaminated environments on different media compositions made from agar, peach gum, gelatin, carrageenan or glycerol. We determined optimal media components to be agar, gelatin and glycerol which supported plasmodium growth and yielded sturdy and flexible fabric sheets after air-drying. Ultimately, plasmodium-perfused fabric sheets were sewed into apparel and footwear. This study demonstrates the use of simple media as a clothing fabric perfused with plasmodium, which produces intricate colors and patterns on the fabric. Plasmodium has the ability to enhance fabric properties due to its natural problem-solving abilities, such as biosensing, fabric self-repair, and distant fabric communication.

The Influence of Sica Box Three-Dimensional Learning Media on Students' Learning Outcomes in Science Content

The light material and its nature using simple media in science found that students' activeness and understanding decreased causing the low value obtained on the material so that this did not happen, innovation was carried out with the learning media used, namely Sica Box. The aim of the study was to find out the results of students before and after using the media and the effect of the occurrence of sica box media on student outcomes. This research uses quantitative methods with quasi-experiments. Research design with pretest-posttest control Group Design by taking data from 57 students with samples using saturated sample techniques. Calculation of data with the normality test, homogeneity, t-test, and u-test as well as the average, standard deviation, and variance. The results obtained before using the media were 68.39 and after using the media the results were 87.68. It can be seen that there was an increase in student learning outcomes with the values obtained using the sica box media. Furthermore, the calculation of the u test Zcount < -Ztable, namely -5.75 < -1.96, with this Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected, it is found that there is an effect of using sica box media on the learning outcomes of students. The implication of the research is that Sica Box helped master the concept of light.

Establishment and characterization of a novel lung cell line derived from the common bottlenose dolphin.

Cetaceans are specialized marine mammals with a unique respiratory system adapted for diving behavior. Furthermore, respiratory diseases are commonly observed in these mammals. Nevertheless, much of their respiratory physiology remains unknown due to the limited supply and poor quality of their biological samples for research. In this study, we established a novel lung cell line, dLu, derived from the common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), which can prove useful in cetacean research, including for understanding the pathogenesis of respiratory diseases in cetaceans. The cells were cultured in a simple medium consisting of Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum. The morphology of the cells was fibroblast-like. dLu was produced by transfecting the simian virus 40 large T antigen into primary cultured cells. Although dLu exhibited approximately 80 cell divisions, it was unable to achieve complete immortalization, as the cells stopped proliferating beyond this number. dLu cells expressed toll-like receptor 3 but not toll-like receptor 4. Immunostimulation with poly(I:C) altered the gene expressions of interferon beta 1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in dLu cells. In summary, dLu established in this study is a novel cetacean cell resource that can be easily cultured and is a useful in vitro tool in cetacean research, particularly for studying host immune responses in the lungs.

Quasi-Material and Quasi-Things as Elements in The Making of Atmosphere in Architecture

This paper discusses important elements of material that construct atmospheric architecture, namely quasi-material and quasi-things. This paper explores the existence of quasi-materials and quasi-things in affecting the human sense and forming the atmosphere of architecture. It is argued that quasi-material and quasi-things are important as both elements could shift focus in designing architecture from form-based into amorphic, immateriality. This study utilized cases as precedents of atmospheric architecture, which is analyzed for every quasi-material and quasi-thing that plays a role in the construction of the atmosphere. The findings from the precedent analysis revealed that some quasi-materials such as light, wind, and water can be manipulated either by employing simple media or sophisticated instrumentations to produce specific quasi-things. These quasi-things that built the atmosphere inside the architecture would later interact with human senses and emotions, setting up the tone and mood inside the architecture. This research proves that the materiality of architecture could be pursued through immateriality with the appearances of quasi-materials and quasi-things in the making of the atmosphere. This paper demonstrates that the presence of quasi-materials in forming an atmosphere in architecture could support building more sophisticated and coherent rehabilitation facilities by indulging human and atmosphere direct relationship inside an atmosphere.

Building a highly efficient Streptomyces super-chassis for secondary metabolite production by reprogramming naturally-evolved multifaceted shifts

Streptomyces has an extensive array of bioactive secondary metabolites (SMs). Nevertheless, devising a framework for the heterologous production of these SMs remains challenging. We here reprogrammed a versatile plug-and-play Streptomyces super-chassis and established a universal pipeline for production of diverse SMs via understanding of the inherent pleiotropic effects of ethanol shock on jadomycin production in Streptomyces venezuelae. We initially identified and characterized a set of multiplex targets (afsQ1, bldD, bldA, and miaA) that contribute to SM (jadomycin) production when subjected to ethanol shock. Subsequently, we developed an ethanol-induced orthogonal amplification system (EOAS), enabling dynamic and precise control over targets. Ultimately, we integrated these multiplex targets into functional units governed by the EOAS, generating a universal and plug-and-play Streptomyces super-chassis. In addition to achieving the unprecedented titer and yield of jadomycin B, we also evidenced the potential of this super-chassis for production of diverse heterologous SMs, including antibiotic oxytetracycline, anticancer drug doxorubicins, agricultural herbicide thaxtomin A, and plant growth regulator guvermectin, all with the yields of >10 mg/g glucose in a simple mineral medium. Given that the production of SMs all required complexed medium and the cognate yields were usually much lower, our achievement of using a universal super-chassis and engineering pipeline in a simple mineral medium is promising for convenient heterologous production of SMs.

A supernumerary synthetic chromosome in Komagataella phaffii as a repository for extraneous genetic material

BackgroundKomagataella phaffii (Pichia pastoris) is a methylotrophic commercially important non-conventional species of yeast that grows in a fermentor to exceptionally high densities on simple media and secretes recombinant proteins efficiently. Genetic engineering strategies are being explored in this organism to facilitate cost-effective biomanufacturing. Small, stable artificial chromosomes in K. phaffii could offer unique advantages by accommodating multiple integrations of extraneous genes and their promoters without accumulating perturbations of native chromosomes or exhausting the availability of selection markers.ResultsHere, we describe a linear “nano”chromosome (of 15–25 kb) that, according to whole-genome sequencing, persists in K. phaffii over many generations with a copy number per cell of one, provided non-homologous end joining is compromised (by KU70-knockout). The nanochromosome includes a copy of the centromere from K. phaffii chromosome 3, a K. phaffii-derived autonomously replicating sequence on either side of the centromere, and a pair of K. phaffii-like telomeres. It contains, within its q arm, a landing zone in which genes of interest alternate with long (approx. 1-kb) non-coding DNA chosen to facilitate homologous recombination and serve as spacers. The landing zone can be extended along the nanochromosome, in an inch-worming mode of sequential gene integrations, accompanied by recycling of just two antibiotic-resistance markers. The nanochromosome was used to express PDI, a gene encoding protein disulfide isomerase. Co-expression with PDI allowed the production, from a genomically integrated gene, of secreted murine complement factor H, a plasma protein containing 40 disulfide bonds. As further proof-of-principle, we co-expressed, from a nanochromosome, both PDI and a gene for GFP-tagged human complement factor H under the control of PAOX1 and demonstrated that the secreted protein was active as a regulator of the complement system.ConclusionsWe have added K. phaffii to the list of organisms that can produce human proteins from genes carried on a stable, linear, artificial chromosome. We envisage using nanochromosomes as repositories for numerous extraneous genes, allowing intensive engineering of K. phaffii without compromising its genome or weakening the resulting strain.

Development of Fluorescent Co (II)-Integrated Carbon Dots and Their Application as a Off-On Mesotrione Detection Sensor.

A very simple mesotrione-sensing medium with enhanced sensitivity detection limits has been proposed. A renovated hydrothermal method was adopted for synthesizing fluorescent carbon dots from ethylenediamine and glucose using a Teflon-lined simple autoclave in a GC oven. The resultant carbon dots were characterized via TEM, FTIR, UV-vis, particle size distribution, and EDX and evaluated in a fluorimeter as the sensing medium for mesotrione detection. The binding approach of the Co (II)-integrated glucose-bound carbon dots toward mesotrione is selective, making them an effective sensor for the real sample applications, where majority of the coexisting substances showed insignificant interference effect. Formation of the metastable state due to the molecular interaction between carbon dots and Co (II) resulted in fluorescence quenching at 456 nm. Enhancement in the fluorescence intensity occurred when mesotrione was added in the concentration range of 0.2-5.0 μg mL-1, with a limit of detection, limit of quantification, standard deviation, and relative standard deviation of 0.054, 0.164, 0.00082 μg mL-1, and 0.682%, respectively. Mesotrione determination was demonstrated in soil, water, and tomato samples with recoveries in the range of 95.38-104.7%. The selectivity of the sensor was found to be good enough when checked for the complex tomato sample spiked with different pesticides of the triketone family having structural similarities to mesotrione.

Dampak Media Sosial Terhadap Rasa Percaya Diri Terkait Citra Tubuh Generasi Z Di Kota Cimahi

<p><em>Media progress must be seen through the broad communication capabilities that exist today, the shift from simple media to advanced media. The changing face and changes in human development, a cycle that was previously slow and required long interactions, now very simple and fast. One of the transitions is to social media which is widely accessed and has an impact on a person's self-confidence regarding their own body image. Social media is the latest in a series of web-based networking innovations developed to make it easier to convey, take part, offer and structure online organizations so they can spread their content. In this research, a descriptive qualitative study was used to clearly describe the impact of social media on self-confidence regarding body image of Gen Z (1995-2010) in Cimahi City. Social media turns out to have both negative and positive impacts on those who actively access it in everyday life.</em></p>

The Discourse of Memes: Regressive Politics and Internet Culture

ABSTRACTA new popular form of political debate has appeared in the meme, a simple, repeatable and ephemeral medium that mixes images and words to pass on information. This form has become extremely helpful for regressive and reactionary politics, as right‐leaning groups now use the meme to spread misinformation and disinformation to their supporters. This paper discusses the meme's use in the spread of willful disinformation in online spaces around the Black Lives Matter movement through humor, false information and appropriation of talking points.

Surimi Production from Tropical Mackerel: A Simple Washing Strategy for Better Utilization of Dark-Fleshed Fish Resources

Mackerel (Auxis thazard), a tropical dark-fleshed fish, is currently a viable resource for the manufacture of surimi, but the optimal washing procedure for more efficient use of this particular species is required right away. Washing is the most critical stage in surimi production to ensure optimal gelation with odorless and colorless surimi. The goal of this study was to set a simple washing medium to the test for making mackerel surimi. Washing was performed three times with different media. T1 was washed with three cycles of cold carbonated water (CW). T2, T3, and T4 were washed once with cold CW containing 0.3%, 0.6%, or 0.9% NaCl, followed by two cycles of cold water. T5, T6, and T7 were produced for three cycles with CW containing 0.3%, 0.6%, or 0.9% NaCl. For comparison, unwashed mince (U) and conventional surimi washed three times in cold tap water (C) were employed. The maximum yield (62.27%) was obtained by washing with T1. When varying quantities of NaCl were mixed into the first washing medium (T2–T4), the yield decreased with increasing NaCl content (27.24–54.77%). When washing with NaCl for three cycles (T5–T7), the yield was greatly decreased (16.69–35.23%). Conventional surimi washing (C) produced a yield of roughly 40%, which was comparable to T3. Based on the results, treatments that produced lower yields than C were eliminated in order to maximize the use of fish resources and for commercial reasons. The maximum NaCl content in CW can be set at 0.6% only during the first washing cycle (T3). Because of the onset of optimal unfolding as reported by specific biochemical characteristics such as Ca2+-ATPase activity (0.2 μmol inorganic phosphate/mg protein/min), reactive sulfhydryl group (3.61 mol/108 g protein), and hydrophobicity (64.02 µg of bromophenol blue bound), T3 washing resulted in surimi with the greatest gel strength (965 g.mm) and water holding capacity (~65%), with fine network structure visualized by scanning electron microscope. It also efficiently removed lipid (~80% reduction), myoglobin (~65% reduction), non-heme iron (~94% reduction), and trichloroacetic acid-soluble peptide (~52% reduction) contents, which improves whiteness (~45% improvement), reduces lipid oxidation (TBARS value < 0.5 mg malondialdehyde equivalent/kg), and decreases the intensity of the gel’s fishy odor (~30% reduction). As a result, washing mackerel surimi (A. thazard) with CW containing 0.6% (w/v) NaCl in the first cycle, followed by two cycles of cold water washing (T3), can be a simple method for increasing gel-forming capability and oxidative stability. The mackerel surimi produced using this washing approach has a higher quality than that produced with regular washing. This straightforward method will enable the sustainable use of dark-fleshed fish for the production of surimi.

Massive laser pulling of graphene nanosheets in water.

Light manipulation of graphene-based materials attracts much attentions. As a new light manipulation concept, optical pulling develops rapidly in the past decade. However, optical pulling of graphene in liquid is rarely reported. In this work, laser pulling of graphene nanosheets (GN) in pure water by using common gauss beams is presented. This phenomenon holds for multiple incident laser wavelengths including 405 nm, 488 nm, 532 nm and 650 nm. A particle image velocimetry software PIVlab is adopted to analyze the velocity field information of GN. The laser pulling velocity of the GN is approximately ∼ 0.5 mm/s corresponding to ∼ 103 body length/s, which increases with an increase of the incident laser energy. This work presents a contactless mothed to massively pull microscale graphene materials in simple liquid, which supplies a potential manipulation technique for micro-nanofluidic devices and also provides a platform to investigate laser-graphene interaction in a simple liquid phase medium.

Vachana Sahitya: A Revisitation to the Contribution of Sivasaranes (Women Saints ) to the Literary World

It was presumed that writing was the talent of only the male bastion till the recent past. Women were not to be seen or heard in the scenario of literature. To the contrary, the pages of history give some instances of women’s writings, such as hymns from the Rig Veda by Lopmudra, Gargi, Maitreye ; the testimonials of Buddhist nuns from the sixth century BC; body of work by 12th century Vachanakartiyaru (Women Saints) and a number of works by unknown women poets, novelists and so on. When we look at the status of women during various historical ages, we realise that it is not very satisfactory except during the Rig Vedic period. It was the same during the early 12th century. The women were controlled by the old orthodox traditions and rigid practices with no freedom and no voice of their own. The multi-faceted socio-religious movement called Sarana Movement or Vachana Chaluvali brought huge changes in the society. This movement involved all spheres of life such as social, economic, religious and literary reforms. The movement aimed at establishing a casteless, classless society and sowed the seeds of Gender equality. The movement brought women an honourable existence. Women were not only given opportunities to realize their physical and spiritual potential but also enjoyed equality with men. A free atmosphere during the 12th century led more than thirty women writers to express their independent and new thoughts. The vachanas became the medium to express their every day experiences. Since the ‘Saranas’ & ‘Saranes’ used common regional dialect to compose the poems they were able to reach the people. Through this simple medium called ‘vachanas’ they were able to bring in changes in the society. Women writers like Akkamahadevi, Bonta Devi Sattyakka, Lakkamma, Nilambike, Gangambike and others wrote about various concerns, mystic experiences, vows, nature, kindness, blind beliefs & other ill practices in the society. This paper is an attempt to revisit the contribution of women saints to the literary world.

Spurious response suppression in wideband bandpass filters using chirality

A simple chiral medium is used to enhance the response of a conventional microstrip coupled line bandpass filter (BPF). The approach is applicable to both narrowband and wideband BPFs using the presented chiral topology. The topology is based on an ultra-subwavelength planar chiral particle that is utilized in the interface between two slabs of substrate. More specifically the medium realizes the suppression of the second spurious response of the filter at a large bandwidth, which enables its practical application in wideband coupled-line based BPFs. The effect of the chiral particles on the substrate's effective permittivity and on the phase velocities of the even and odd mode of two coupled transmission lines on top of the substrate structure is explicitly used in the design of the filter. The methodology is applicable to any coupled-line BPF order. Two wideband microstrip coupled-line prototype filters are designed, fabricated, and measured, one involving a substrate without particles and one involving the chiral substrate. Measurement results are in good agreement with the simulations. The chiral medium based filter results in a wide fractional bandwidth (FBW) of 81% for a 1 GHz center frequency and a measured suppression level of −60 dB.

Extracorporeal light-chain elimination in myeloma with simple medium cutoff membrane hemodialysis: a retrospective cohort study.

We determined the efficacy of free light chain (FLC) removal by regular dialysis equipment (high-flux filtration) with medium cutoff (MCO) membrane hemodialysis (HD) as an adjuvant treatment to standard chemotherapy for patients with acute kidney injury complicating multiple myeloma (MM) and its impact on further dialysis dependency. Sixty patients with acute dialysis-dependent renal failure secondary to MM were treated with MCO-HD (55 patients) or HCO (high cutoff)-HD (5 patients) as a control. FLC serum concentration, total protein, immunoglobulins, and LDH were measured throughout the dialysis therapy. The kidney function of the patients was followed up for 1 year. The median age was 69 years; 25 female and 35 male patients were enrolled. HD significantly reduced FLC kappa levels in the MCO/HCO group by 58%/84% (MCO/HCO group; p < 0.05) and FLC lambda by 39%/33% (MCO/HCO group; p < 0.05). Single HD data (MCO) showed a relative reduction of 70% in kappa and 37% in lambda FLC concentration, as expected by the different sizes of the light chains. Renal function improved significantly and continuously from starting creatinine 5.7/3.8 mg/dl (MCO/HCO group) before HD to 1.4/2.0 mg/dl (MCO/HCO group; p < 0.001) after 1 year. No significant alteration of total protein, immunoglobulins, and LDH concentrations by HD (HCO and MCO group) was observed. After 1 year, 37 of 60 patients were alive and 34 of them were off dialysis. FLC elimination with MCO-HD is effective, technically easy, and less cost-intensive as compared with HCO-HD. Kidney function recovery in MM patients is achievable.

A comparative study using response surface methodology and artificial neural network towards optimized production of melanin by Aureobasidium pullulans AKW

The effect of three independent variables (i.e., tyrosine, sucrose, and incubation time) on melanin production by Aureobasidium pullulans AKW was unraveled by two distinctive approaches: response surface methodology (i.e. Box Behnken design (BBD)) and artificial neural network (ANN) in this study for the first time ever using a simple medium. Regarding BBD, sucrose and incubation intervals did impose a significant influence on the output (melanin levels), however, tyrosine did not. The validation process exhibited a high consistency of BBD and ANN paradigms with the experimental melanin production. Concerning ANN, the predicted values of melanin were highly comparable to the experimental values, with minor errors competing with BBD. Highly comparable experimental values of melanin were achieved upon using BBD (9.295 ± 0.556 g/L) and ANN (10.192 ± 0.782 g/L). ANN accurately predicted melanin production and showed more improvement in melanin production by about 9.7% higher than BBD. The purified melanin structure was verified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results verified the hierarchical architecture of the particles as small compasses by SEM analysis, inter-layer spacing in the XRD analysis, maximal atomic % for carbon, and oxygen atoms in the EDX analysis, and the great thermal stability in the TGA analysis of the purified melanin. Interestingly, the current novel endophytic strain was tyrosine-independent, and the uniquely applied ANN paradigm was more efficient in modeling the melanin production with appreciate amount on a simple medium in a relatively short time (168 h), suggesting additional optimization studies for further maximization of melanin production.

PENGEMBANGAN BAHAN AJAR IPA BERBASIS E-BOOK SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN KELAS V SEKOLAH DASAR

Based on the problems found in the learning process, it shows the limited variety of digital learning media that teachers have in delivering science material. The media used is limited to print media only. With simple media the teacher must explain the material repeatedly to students so that learning is not optimal and efficient. The research deSign used is research and development, a research method used to produce a product to be tested for feasibility and effectiveness. This research was conducted to develop products in the form of e-book-based science teaching materials as learning media for fifth grade elementary school students. The research deSign of the ADDIE development model goes through five stages, namely analysis, deSign, development, implementation and evaluation. Based on the results of the independent sample test, a positive hypothesis was obtained because there was a difference in the average student learning outcomes after using learning media in the form of e-book-based teaching materials on Heat and Transfer when compared to students who did not use media. There is a change in the average difference in student learning outcomes after using media in the form of e-book-based teaching materials. Based on the results of the research and discussion of media development, it can be interpreted that the developed e-book-based teaching material media is suitable for use in science learning on heat and transfer material in grade V SD, with appropriate criteria from media and material experts as well as teacher and student responses.

Benefits of Adolescent Women's Reproductive Health Records as a Basis for Screening Preconception Care: A Research and Development Study

The health status of women is one of the factors that can affect the status of pregnancy. To avoid risky pregnancies and produce healthy babies, it is very important for a woman to take care of her reproductive health. One of the efforts is to conduct early detection on a regular basis starting from the age of teenagers. This developmental research was carried out using the Four-D model, to obtain a simple early detection medium in preconception care. Sixty selected young women participated in a limited trial. Respondents who participate in a limited-scale trial will go through 3 stages. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively. The success of using the application as a function of simple screening media for preconception care reached 96.67%. It was identified that 57% of adolescent girls were detected to have health problems such as poor nutritional status and anemia. A total of 71.7% stated that this application applies very well on adolescent girls in order to keep them healthy as an initial step in preparation for pregnancy. As many as 73.3% of respondents stated that the developed application provided new knowledge related to preconception preparation. There is strong evidence that the resulting media performs well as a simple early detection tool for preconception care. Therefore, it needs to be refined to provide more optimal results.&#x0D; Keywords: screening, preconception, adolescent

PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MULTIMEDIA CD INTERAKTIF TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA KELAS IV SD NEGERI 09 TANJUNG SAKTI PUMU

Background of this research that learning activities are less effective because in the teaching and learning process teachers tend to use tools in the form of simple media, so it is less interesting to be noticed by students. This study aims to determine the effect of using Interactive Multimedia CD on the learning outcomes of grade IV students of SD Negeri 09 Tanjung Sakti Pumu. This research was conducted at SD Negeri 09 Tanjung Sakti Pumu located in Gunung Raya Village, Tanjung Sakti Pumu District, Lahat District, South Sumatra, with zip code 31581. This research is a type of experimental research, namely the type of pre-Experimental Design. The population and sample in this study were grade IV students of SD Negeri 09 Tanjung Sakti Pumu, totaling 20 people. Data collection techniques in this study are Test, Observation and Documentation. Data analysis techniques in this study include Normality Test, Homogeneity Test, Hypothesis Test. The result of this study is a hypothesis test showing that t count ≥ t table or 11.251 ≥ 2.110, then it can be concluded that H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted. This means that there is an influence of interactive multimedia CDs on the learning outcomes of grade IV students of SD Negeri 09 Tanjung Sakti Pumu.