Significant Natural Resources Research Articles

ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ СИСТЕМЫ ДОСТАВКИ ПЕРСОНАЛА НА ГОРНОРУДНЫЕ КОМПЛЕКСЫ АРКТИЧЕСКИХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ С ПОМОЩЬЮ ИМИТАЦИОННОГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ

В исследовании анализируется возможность перевода вахтовых автобусов, используемых для доставки персонала, участвующего в разработке месторождений Арктической зоны, на газомоторное топливо с использованием имитационных моделей. The strategy of spatial development of the country for the period up to 2024, based on the infrastructure of a specific type of transport, provides for the connection of the territories of settlements with modern communications; phased reconstruction and modernization; personnel, technical and technological support for interaction and digital transformation of the Russian transport complex. The development of the Russian Arctic is a priority area, since it has a significant natural resource, socio-economic and transport potential, which must be maximized, taking into account all the features of this region. It is important to develop the northern territories in such a way that the transport infrastructure of the Arctic meets the requirements in the field of comfort and safety of the human environment. This can be achieved through the use of vehicles of increased environmental friendliness and energy efficiency. The study analyzes the possibility of converting shift buses used to deliver personnel involved in the development of fields in the Arctic zone to gas motor fuel using simulation models.

ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ СИСТЕМЫ ДОСТАВКИ ПЕРСОНАЛА НА ГОРНОРУДНЫЕ КОМПЛЕКСЫ АРКТИЧЕСКИХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ С ПОМОЩЬЮ ИМИТАЦИОННОГО МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЯ

В исследовании анализируется возможность перевода вахтовых автобусов, используемых для доставки персонала, участвующего в разработке месторождений Арктической зоны, на газомоторное топливо с использованием имитационных моделей. The strategy of spatial development of the country for the period up to 2024, based on the infrastructure of a specific type of transport, provides for the connection of the territories of settlements with modern communications; phased reconstruction and modernization; personnel, technical and technological support for interaction and digital transformation of the Russian transport complex. The development of the Russian Arctic is a priority area, since it has a significant natural resource, socio-economic and transport potential, which must be maximized, taking into account all the features of this region. It is important to develop the northern territories in such a way that the transport infrastructure of the Arctic meets the requirements in the field of comfort and safety of the human environment. This can be achieved through the use of vehicles of increased environmental friendliness and energy efficiency. The study analyzes the possibility of converting shift buses used to deliver personnel involved in the development of fields in the Arctic zone to gas motor fuel using simulation models.

Political Influence and Corruption within Government Ministries in Guyana: An Analytical Study

Guyana, endowed with significant natural resources, continues to face governance challenges due to pervasive political interference and corruption within its government ministries. This research examines the mechanisms of these issues, their impact on public trust and economic development, and offers policy recommendations to enhance governance. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study integrates both qualitative and quantitative data for a comprehensive analysis.

Determining the group of resource-oriented regions in the system for developing the concept of a regional development strategy

Regions with significant natural resource potential play an important role in ensuring the energy and economic security of the Russian Federation. To maximize the effect of using resource potential, scientifically based and methodologically correct regional strategies must be developed. For these purposes, it is necessary to develop a concept for a strategy for the regional development of resource regions, for which it is proposed to use the strategizing methodology of a foreign member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor V.L. Kvint. One of the first tasks when developing a concept is to identify a group of resource-oriented regions. To achieve this goal, the author’s definition of resource-oriented regions has been prepared, and based on an analysis of foreign and domestic practices, an algorithm for calculating the level of resource orientation has been proposed, based on 3 indicators: the share of mining in the gross regional product, the share of mining in the structure of regional employment and the degree of industry concentration. It is shown that for calculations using the proposed algorithm in terms of industry concentration, not only the Herfindahl–Hirmschan index can be used, but also the Shannon index, which is logically opposite to it, adapted for economic research.The calculations showed that the group of resource-oriented regions can include the Nenets, Yamalo–Nenets, Khanty–Mansiysk and Chukotka Autonomous Districts, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), as well as the Magadan and Sakhalin regions – these regions best meet the proposed definition of a resource-oriented region and can become the basis for developing the concept of a regional development strategy.

Geoportals as an Information Tool for Government Support of Agricultural Producers

In this scientific article, the authors consider the role and importance of geoportals as sources of information for the development of the agro-industrial complex in the region. The object of the study is Novgorod region, which has an industrial and agricultural specialization and significant natural resource potential for the development of the agricultural sector. The authors have identified external and internal factors that have a negative impact on the development of agriculture in the region. The solution to the mentioned above problems is, according to the authors, visualization of the results of complex works on the establishment of boundaries of agricultural lands on a regional geoportal with subsequent use of it as a justifying tool for making managerial decisions to support agricultural producers. The conducted research has shown that the Novgorod region has the opportunities to restore abandoned agricultural lands, and the use of geoportal information by regional authorities can allow effective interaction with the federal budget for comprehensive support of agricultural producers in a simplified manner.

Оценка и направления повышения инвестиционной привлекательности сельского хозяйства

Abstract. In modern conditions of high sanctions pressure, systemic problems that hinder the effective development of agricultural production have worsened. Increasing the investment attractiveness of agriculture is becoming the main vector and a necessary condition for countering negative exogenous factors and ensuring sustainable agricultural growth. The subject of the study is organizational and economic relations that develop in the process of searching for ways to increase the investment attractiveness of agriculture. The purpose of the study is to evaluate and scientifically substantiate the directions of increasing the investment attractiveness of agriculture. Research objectives: 1) to clarify the essential content of the concept of “investment attractiveness of agriculture”; 2) to assess the investment attractiveness of the industry; 3) to determine the directions of growth of investment attractiveness of agriculture. The main research methods are monographic, statistical, graphical. Results. The article provides an analytical assessment of the investment attractiveness of agriculture in Russia. The individual elements (natural resource, production, innovation, financial, economic and labor) of the investment potential of agriculture are analyzed. The investment risks of the industry are justified. It is concluded that the investment attractiveness of agriculture is quite low, despite the existing potential for its growth due to the possibilities of using significant natural resource potential; a high level of adaptation of the industry to external negative factors of impact; favorable natural and climatic conditions; significant export potential of the industry. The scientific novelty. It consists in developing proposals to increase the investment attractiveness of agriculture based on the transformation of key institutional parameters: improving the regulatory framework for land reform; developing mechanisms for public-private partnership and project financing with a state guarantee, changing the industry structure due to the growth of the industry's technology and the use of innovations, changing the terms of lending to agriculture.

Central Asia: Region’s Potential and New Challenges

Traditionally, Central Asia is associated with a favorable geographical location and significant natural resources. These factors are of interests for the West, Russia, and China in the region. Meanwhile, the potential of Central Asian countries leaves many questions unanswered, as they face many regional challenges. The aim of the study is to identify the geopolitical and economic potential of the Central Asian countries, as well as to identify the challenges that the states have faced in recent years. A special attention is paid to the water and energy issue, which remains the most pressing problem for the whole region. In the conclusion, the author identified two of them: the persistence of economic difficulties in the development of Central Asian countries, which to a certain extent act as economic competitors, as well as the increased influence of extra- regional actors on the countries of the region.

Проблемы развития районов освоения Республики Тыва (геоинформационный аспект)

The Republic of Tyva has a significant natural resource potential. The mining complex has been identified as a priority area of the economy of this territory. Despite the existing development potential, the region faces a number of challenges that require an integrated approach to address them. Modern trends are based on the principles of sustainable development, balanced and rational use of natural resources, which are primarily built on the basis of comprehensive information on the region. Information can be combined, structured and analyzed using geographic information technologies. Research objective. A spatial analysis of the resource potential and cartographic assessment of the anthropogenic impact of the reclamation territories in the Republic of Tyva. Research results. An assessment of the current state of the reclamation areas in the Republic of Tyva was carried out using the geoinformation approach. An index analysis of the investment attractiveness and investment potential as well as the anthropogenic load of the reclamation areas in the Republic of Tyva was carried out. Conclusions. The use of the geoinformation approach when assessing the current development state of the reclamation areas in the Republic of Tyva offers a number of advantages. First, it allows getting a clear picture of the current situation, identify the problem areas and develop effective strategies for further development of the territory. Second, combining data from various sources into a single GIS helps to make informed decisions and optimize the use of resources in the reclamation areas.

Seasonal Variation of Fe, Mn, and Pb in Groundwater of Northwestern Bangladesh

Groundwater is one of the most significant natural resources on earth and also stands as the largest source of all-purpose water in Bangladesh. The higher concentrations of iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and lead (Pb) in water constitute a threat to human health and the environment. The research aimed to assess the seasonal variations of heavy metal concentrations, including Fe, Mn, and Pb, and the water type controlling the geochemistry of groundwater. A total of sixty groundwater samples were collected over a year in three seasons and analyzed for several physicochemical parameters using the standard analysis methods The highest concentrations of Fe, Mn, and Pb in investigated groundwater samples were found to be 3.69, 2.50, and 0.17 mg/L, respectively. The study observed that the higher concentrations of Fe and Mn were in the pre-monsoon but Pb was in the post-monsoon. The contaminations of Fe, Mn, and Pb in the groundwater follows the order Fe > Mn > Pb in three seasons, and their concentrations of abundance follow the seasons: PRM > POM > MON. The groundwater samples showed the dominance of Ca++, Mg++, and HCO3-, indicating temporary hardness and the Ca-Mg-HCO3, hydrochemical facies, controlling the groundwater geochemistry in the study area. These findings would provide an in-depth understanding of water quality, potential risks to human health, and coping mechanisms for sustainable drinking water management.

Pollution Status of Groundwater Resource by Some Heavy Metals Using Index Approach in Some Part of Nasarawa Area, Kano State, Nigeria

Groundwater is the world's most significant natural resource providing water for different purposes, including drinking, domestic, industrial and irrigational. However, polluted groundwater may endanger human survival. This research evaluated the status of groundwater resource pollution caused by some heavy metals in some parts of the Nasarawa local government area of Kano State. 15 groundwater samples were collected from functional boreholes in the area. Heavy metals concentrations evaluated include Zn, Mn, Cr, Mg, Cd, Fe, Cu, and Pb and were compared with the World Health Organization and Nigerian Standard for Drinking Water Quality to establish their suitability for human consumption. Descriptive statistics was employed to summarize the analyzed data. Metal index was used to determine the pollution status of the groundwater. The result revealed that Zn, Fe, Cu, and Mn with the mean value of (0.090, 0.160, 0.191 and 0.11) were found within the stipulated limit set by WHO (3.0, 0.3, 2.0 and 0.5) and NSDWQ (3.0, 0.5-50, 1.0 and 0.2), while Pb, Cd, Cr, and Mg (0.105, 0.127, 0.206 and 0.82) exceeded the permissible limits recommended by WHO (0.01, 0.003, 0.05 and 0.5). A high concentration of Pb, Cd, Cr, and Mg may be attributed to anthropogenic influences possibly deriving from improper municipal and Bampai industrial waste disposal. The values of the metal index (MI) revealed that the water is seriously affected by Pb, Cd and Cr, which can pose serious health damage to consumers. It is recommended that constant and continuous monitoring of Pb, Cd and Cr in groundwater be made in the study area due to its proximity to Bampai and Sharadda industrial sites.

A Systematic Analysis, Outstanding Challenges, and Future Prospects for Routing Protocols and Machine Learning Algorithms in Underwater Wireless Acoustic Sensor Networks

Water has covered a wide part of the earth’s surface. Oceans and other water bodies contain significant natural and environmental resources as well as aquatic life. Due to humans’ hazardous and unsuitable underwater (UW) settings, these are generally undiscovered and unknown. As a result of its widespread utility in fields as diverse as oceanography, ecology, seismology, and oceanography, underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) have emerged as a cutting-edge area of study. Despite their usefulness, the performance of the network is hampered by factors including excessive propagation delay, a changing network architecture, a lack of bandwidth, and a battery life that is too short on sensor nodes. Developing effective routing protocols is the best way to overcome these challenges. An effective routing protocol can relay data from the network’s root node to its final destination. Therefore, the state of the art in underwater wireless acoustic sensor network (UWASN) routing protocols is assessed with an eye toward their potential for development. In real-world applications, sensor node positions are frequently used to locate relevant information. As a result, it is crucial to conduct research on routing protocols. Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms have the ability to enhance routing under a variety of conditions because they are experience-based learning algorithms. Underwater routing methods for UWSN are reviewed in detail, including those that rely on machine learning (ML), energy, clustering and evolutionary approaches. Tables are incorporated for the suggested protocols by including the benefits, drawbacks, and performance assessments, which make the information easier to digest. Also, several applications of UWSN are discussed with security considerations. In addition to this, the analysis of node deployment and residual energy is discussed in this review. Furthermore, the domain review emphasizes UW routing protocol research difficulties and future directions, which can help researchers create more efficient routing protocols based on ML in the future.

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ МАРКЕТИНГОВОГО ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ЕКСПОРТНОГО ПОТЕНЦІАЛУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ АГРОБІЗНЕСУ

The article deals with modern problems of marketing support or support for export activities of agricultural enterprises in the context of the globalization of the world economy in the context of the entry of agricultural formations into world food markets and the formation of production and trade relations with new partners. The categorical content of the concepts "marketing support", "marketing support", "export potential", "agrarian enterprise", and "globalization of business" was considered. The views of domestic scientists regarding the use of the specified terms in scientific works of various specialties are analyzed and summarized. The possibility of increasing the export potential of agrarian societies due to the modernization of certain technological components of production and trade activities and the production of high-quality plant raw materials or safe food products was investigated. The described approach coincides with the international practice of selling agricultural products on world food markets in accordance with the developed and agreed quality standards of plant raw materials and food products. Thus, the issue of solving modern logistics problems is seen as a key component in marketing support for the export potential of business in the sector of agricultural production. According to the text of the intelligence, it is determined that the significant natural and land resources of Ukraine create conditions for the development of organically sustainable agriculture with a rational regime for the use of agricultural land with the introduction of a complete system of standardized restrictions or obligations. It is explained that a peculiar feature of the export activity of agricultural enterprises is their direct dependence on the state of fertility of agricultural lands, as a natural resource, a spatial basis, an object of application of human labor and the main means of production. The urgent importance of the protection and restoration of agricultural land on the way to the transition to ecologically safe and resource-saving agriculture has been clarified.

Sarajevo – Potential and Limitations in the Development of the City and Region

Observing through the historical prism of regional development and regionalization in Bosnia and Herzegovina, city and region of Sarajevo have special importance and significance. This is mainly due to the fact that the City of Sarajevo is the main administrative center, i.e. the center of political, economic, cultural and overall social life and development in Bosnia and Herzegovina. At the same time, the Sarajevo is the center of Canton of Sarajevo, the center of this macro-region, as well as it is the capital of the entity of the Federation and state of Bosnia and Herzegovina. All those facts make Sarajevo attractive both for life and business, furthermore for studying its capacity and development potentials as well.
 In modern economics, the regions represent an important development level, while regionalisation represent an essentional component of the political systems of the modern state. The regions have become a link between local and central (state) institutions of government and local and overall economic development of country. The Bosnia and Herzegovina has a long tradition of regionalization and regionalism. Over long time, it has gone through verious phases and forms of regionalisation depening on then chraging political order. Sarajevo as a city and the region has historicaly developed in two directions. First, towards the capital of state of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the main administrative center. Secondly, towards the center of the region, i.e. the macro-region. Sarajevo macro-region is the most developed region in Bosnia and Herzegovina in terms of overall infrastructure and resources bacause of its normative, social importance and the position of the city itself. The territory covered by the Sarajevo macro-region has significant natural resources, energy potentials, as well as resources for the development of industry. Truistically, along with Mostar, it is a most impressive destination for tourists. Nevertheless, this macroregion still does not fully exploit the resources available to it, due to the many limitations and obsticles that directly affect it and that require adequate resolution.

Four New Endophytic Apiospora Species Isolated from Three Dicranopteris Species in Guizhou, China.

Endophytic fungi isolated from medicinal ferns serve as significant natural resources for drug precursors or bioactive metabolites. During our survey on the diversity of endophytic fungi from Dicranopteris species (a genus of medicinal ferns) in Guizhou, Apoiospora was observed as a dominant fungal group. In this study, seven Apiospora strains, representing four new species, were obtained from the healthy plant tissues of three Dicranopteris species-D. ampla, D. linearis, and D. pedata. The four new species, namely Apiospora aseptata, A. dematiacea, A. dicranopteridis, and A. globosa, were described in detail with color photographs and subjected to phylogenetic analyses using combined LSU, ITS, TEF1-α, and TUB2 sequence data. This study also documented three new hosts for Apiospora species.

Papaver species: usage areas, essential oil, nutrient and elements contents, biological activities

In this study, the utilisation areas, general characteristics, biological activities, mineral and nutrient contents, and chemical compositions of Papaver species were compiled based on literature data. The research findings indicate that Papaver species are consumed either directly or in conjunction with other food products. Furthermore, it has been determined that the Papaver plant material contains significant amounts of essential nutrients and minerals. Additionally, it has been determined that Papaver species may serve as a natural source of antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anticancer compounds. It has been observed that the compounds reported in Papaver species may be an important source of many biological activities. As a result, it has been determined that Papaver species could be a significant natural resource.

THE CONTRIBUTION OF RURAL HOUSING TO ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY OF BOUIRA PROVINCE

Through this research, we attempt to uncover the true situation of housing in the rural areas of the provinceand the effective means to rejuvenate it. We also examine the current status of this sector according to policy models and programs applied to it, aimed at developing this sensitive aspect in order to achieve population distribution balance and eliminate overcrowding in cities while revitalizing neglected regions. The province of Bouira is primarily characterized by its agricultural and pastoral nature, thanks to the distinctive features that define it. Given the necessity of developing rural areas, especially those rich in significant natural and human resources, to promote the housing sector in rural areas practically and seriously, Bouiraprovince stands out. We wanted to study this region because of its great importance, as it belongs to the high plateaus, a vital and extensive area around which the future of development in Algeria revolves. It is one of the regions that has received state attention in the field of rural housing through the First Five-Year Plan (2005- 2009) and the Second Five-Year Plan (2010-2014). It has become one of the attractive rural areas for residents, serving as a link between coastal areas and the high plateau region

Identification of Soil Types and Salinity Using MODIS Terra Data and Machine Learning Techniques in Multiple Regions of Pakistan.

Soil, a significant natural resource, plays a crucial role in supporting various ecosystems and serves as the foundation of Pakistan's economy due to its primary use in agriculture. Hence, timely monitoring of soil type and salinity is essential. However, traditional methods for identifying soil types and detecting salinity are time-consuming, requiring expert intervention and extensive laboratory experiments. The objective of this study is to propose a model that leverages MODIS Terra data to identify soil types and detect soil salinity. To achieve this, 195 soil samples were collected from Lahore, Kot Addu, and Kohat, dating from October 2022 to November 2022. Simultaneously, spectral data of the same regions were obtained to spatially map soil types and salinity of bare land. The spectral reflectance of band values, salinity indices, and vegetation indices were utilized to classify the soil types and predict soil salinity. To perform the classification and regression tasks, the study employed three popular techniques in the research community: Random Forest (RF), Ada Boost (AB), and Gradient Boosting (GB), along with Decision Tree (DT), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), and Extra Tree (ET). A 70-30 test train validation split was used for the implementation of these techniques. The efficacy of the multi-class classification models for soil types was evaluated using accuracy, precision, recall, and f1-score. On the other hand, the regression models' performances were evaluated and compared using R-squared (R2), Mean Squared Error (MSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE). The results demonstrated that Random Forest outperformed other methods for both predicting soil types (accuracy = 65.38, precision = 0.60, recall = 0.57, and f1-score = 0.57) and predicting salinity (R2 = 0.90, MAE = 0.56, MSE = 0.98, RMSE = 0.97). Finally, the study designed a web portal to enable real-time prediction of soil types and salinity using these models. This web portal can be utilized by farmers and decision-makers to make informed decisions regarding soil, crop cultivation, and agricultural planning.

Ethnobotanical knowledge of medicinal plants in the Don Pu Ta Forest by Kaloeng Ethnic Group, Sakon Nakhon Province, Northeastern Thailand

Abstract. Appamaraka S, Saensouk S, Saensouk P, Junsongduang A, Setyawan AD. 2023. Ethnobotanical knowledge of medicinal plants in the Don Pu Ta Forest by Kaloeng Ethnic Group, Sakon Nakhon Province, Northeastern Thailand. Biodiversitas 24: 4617-4635. Don Pu Ta Forest (in Thailand) is a vital conservation area with significant natural resources that are intertwined with the way of life, traditions, beliefs, and culture of the local community. This ecosystem fosters interdependence among its components. The local healers rely on the medicinal plants found in the Don Pu Ta Forest to provide healthcare to the people in their community. This research aimed to investigate the plant diversity, ethnobotanical knowledge, and medicinal plant utilization in the Don Pu Ta Forest, specifically within the Kaloeng Ethnic Group of Sakon Nakhon Province, Thailand. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews involving three indigenous healers and 220 local residents between January 2016 and November 2017. The interviews focused on plant usage, local names, utilized plant parts, methods of use, and medicinal properties. We also conducted vegetation analysis to assess the diversity and composition of vegetation in the Don Pu Ta Forest. The findings revealed that the Don Pu Ta Forest of the Kaloeng Ethnic Group in Sakon Nakhon Province contained medicinal plants from 28 families and 44 species. The biodiversity index (H') was calculated as 3.34, the Evenness Index (E) as 0.88, and the highest importance value index (IVI) as 25.26. Interviews with folk medicine healers identified the use of medicinal plants for treating 29 different symptoms. Notably, Micromelum minutum (Forst.f.) Wright & Arn., Rhodamnia dumetorum (DC.) Merr. & L.M. Perry, Garcinia cowa Roxb., and Casearia grewiifolia var. grewiifolia exhibited the highest Fidelity Level (FL) at 100%. The results of this study imply that ancestral wisdom's role in shaping the Kaloeng group's medicinal traditions, advocating for their integration with contemporary healthcare. In summary, the study offers valuable insights into the diversity, importance, and ethnobotanical use of medicinal plants in Don Pu Ta Forest, emphasizing possibilities for conservation, sustainable practices, and further exploration of these resources for healthcare benefits.

К вопросу развития производительных сил Нижневолжского региона

The South Volga region is currently a modest subject among the resource-producing regions of Russia. At the same time, the region has unique reserves of a number of minerals that may be in demand with a certain development of world technologies and the world economy. These include Saratov oil shales, Volgograd bischofite, and Astrakhan sulfur. The development of the economy of the South Volga region requires purposeful research of the most significant natural resources in terms of the conditions of occurrence, the size of reserves and their distribution, development conditions, and development problems. To solve these problems, it is necessary to assess the possibility of using modern technologies for their development, conduct a pre-project risk analysis, and assess the feasibility, nature, and degree of participation of the principal enterprises of the region in the development of deposits.

Pimpinella species (Anise): Traditional use, Mineral, Nutrient and Chemical contents, Biological activities

Objective: Plants, which are natural materials of great importance to humans, are currently utilised for various purposes. The utilisation of plants with nourishing properties for the treatment of diseases has a long history.
 Material-Method: 
 In this study, the general characteristics, usage areas, mineral and nutrient contents, biological activities, and chemical compositions of Pimpinella species reported in the literature have been compiled. The literature review reveals that the plant is widely used in traditional medicine. 
 Results: Furthermore, it has been determined that they may serve as significant natural resources in terms of their mineral, nutritional, and chemical content. Furthermore, it has been observed based on reported data in the literature that Pimpinella species exhibit high levels of antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.
 Conclusion: Within this context, it has been observed that Pimpinella species can be significant sources not only in terms of their nutritional properties but also from a medicinal perspective.