Significant Natural Resources Research Articles

Assessment of the lobster puerulus (Panulirus homarus and Panulirus ornatus, Decapoda: Palinuridae) resource of Indonesia and its potential for sustainable harvest for aquaculture

Indonesia has a unique opportunity to establish the world's largest lobster aquaculture industry, based on a significant natural resource of settling puerulus. These seed lobsters can be captured and on-grown to generate high value, consumption size lobsters. However, existing fisheries regulation prohibits fishing of these seed lobsters in Indonesia. Nevertheless, seed fishing occurs widely, and the seed are smuggled into Vietnam, where the Vietnamese gain most of the commercial benefit. By removing access to pueruli and grow-out opportunities, these regulations have diminished the capacity of Indonesian lobster farmers to develop a sustainable grow-out industry. Although the new policies were introduced as a management intervention to protect adult lobster stocks, they have had the unintended consequence of preventing development of lobster aquaculture while having no known benefit on abundance of adult lobsters. This study collected data on the puerulus available in Indonesia, species composition, seasonality, and capture methods.A census of seed capture determined that 5,243,887 pueruli were fished from two bays in the southeast of Lombok in 2014, representing 64,787 pueruli per km2. Surveys beyond Lombok determined there was high abundance of seed in areas with similar environmental characteristics, where local communities had also engaged in seed fishing. The locations identified as having substantial puerulus abundance comprised the southern coast of Java, Bali, Lombok and Sumbawa covering a distance of 1500 km. Puerulus abundance is highest in enclosed bays with distinct currents, relatively high turbidity attributable to terrestrial inflows, and muddy/sandy substrates. Satellite imaging identified all such suitable locations for puerulus settlement, enabling an estimate of total puerulus catch of 103,480,283 per year. The composition of puerulus fished consisted of two species, Panulirus homarus and P. ornatus. P. homarus was most abundant representing between 63 and 87%, while P. ornatus represented 37 to 13%. Seasonality of catch was unclear, with low catch between December and March and higher catches from April to November. The magnitude of the estimated puerulus resource of Indonesia is >20 times greater than that of Vietnam. If used for aquaculture, the seed available can support an industry generating >12,500 t of market size lobster, and provide social and economic benefit to many thousands of households. To achieve this, fisheries policies could be revised and a regulatory framework established to manage the puerulus fishery and support lobster farming. Tropical marine rock lobster aquaculture is a major opportunity for high-value aquaculture production for the Indonesian economy.

Features of the arrangement of lagoons for agricultural purposes

At present, in large cities, cities - millionaires, there is a tendency to build a large volume of residential multi-storey buildings entertainment complexes on undeveloped, free from construction areas of urban territory To meet the food needs of the population, it becomes necessary to create large livestock complexes. Ukraine, having a significant natural resource, has created conditions for the arrival of large international investors. That’s why in recent years, there is a renewal of material and technical agricultural base, which contributes to the revival of almost abandoned in the 90s, one of the main activities and specialization of our country - agriculture, which allows to assure the needs of the population and industry of our and neighboring countries with quality organic products and materials. In such conditions, modernization, renewal, re-equipment of not only outdated, inefficient equipment, but also production processes, and as a consequence of buildings, structures, complexes. This leads to the emergence of new engineering objects, classification, features of construction, design and operation of which need to be studied, covered in the literature, taken into account at different stages of their operation.
 "Lagoons" is one of such objects. This publication presents the main definition of a special agricultural building - lagoon, presents their classification by various parameters: location, depth, shape and size in plan, in terms of interaction with the environment, by material. The main technological processes influencing the design, construction and operation of lagoons are given. The basic requirements to materials (geotextiles, geomembrane), and also the basic requirements to their storage, use and the device at creation of waterproof screens at construction of lagoons are reflected.

Assessment and prospects of development of ecological and tourist potential of Busk district of Lviv region

It is known that today recreation and tourism is one of the most profitable businesses in the world. This sector has recently become increasingly important in the structure of national economies and is developing very rapidly, in countries that give priority to the development of recreation and tourism. This service sector is growing much faster, becoming not only an increasingly important part of national economies, but also the most important filler of the state treasury. In the Lviv region, significant natural and cultural-historical resources in combination with a favorable geographical location have created favorable conditions for the priority of tourism and recreation. In the structure of the natural tourist potential of the region, the Busk district occupies a prominent place, which has a unique geographical location, significant natural resources, rich in historical and cultural monuments. The aim of the research was to show the possibilities of Busk district of Lviv region as a region of ecological and local lore tourism on the basis of the accepted principles of recreational tourism in Ukraine. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were set: to explore the historical-cultural, natural-geographical and tourist-recreational resources of the district; show the state and prospects of development of ecological and tourist resources of Busk district of Lviv region. The results of the analysis of the current state of natural, cultural-historical and recreational-tourist resources of the Busk district of the Lviv region are given, and also the state of the material and technical base of the recreational-tourist sphere in this district is analyzed. In addition, the existing negative tendencies of functioning of this sphere are considered and the ways of the decision of problems of development of recreational and tourist activity in area are allocated. The main directions of development of tourist and recreational potential of Busk district are determined, which should be based on the ideas of natural-historical recreation, observance of ecological standards on environmental cleanliness, preservation of natural-territorial structures and monuments of historical and cultural heritage.

Analysis of the state of recreational and tourist activity in Yavoriv National Nature Park

The article analyzes the sites of Yavoriv National Nature Park, which are of great recreational and tourist importance. The features of the development of ecological tourism in Yavoriv National Nature Park are highlighted, the tourism and resource potential of the park is estimated. The problems and prospects of using the region's recreational and tourism resources were noted. The reasons for hindering the further development of the tourist and recreational industry in the park are indicated. National nature parks create a unique opportunity to coordinate the tasks of nature conservation with the needs of balanced use of natural resources and rest of the population. Yavoriv National Nature Park is a catalyst for the sustainable development of the region and a base for the development of recreational, tourist, environmental, environmental, scientific, as well as an incentive for the development of related types of entrepreneurial activity in the area. Information on the species diversity of the park makes it possible to develop and implement measures aimed at preserving biotic, ecosystem, landscape diversity, sustainable nature and improving the socio-economic standard of living of the local population. Yavoriv National Nature Park has significant natural, historical and cultural resources. There are many attractive places for the development of cognitive tourism: numerous picturesque hills-remains with rocky outcrops of massive limestones and calcareous sandstones, caves, boulders of Scandinavian origin; favorable conditions have also arisen for the development of various types of tourism: local cognitive, sacral, sports (hiking, horseback, cycling), skilled tourism (fishing). Recreational activities on the territory of the park are a direct investment in the economic development of the region, it is carried out by creating favorable conditions for visitors' recreation and covers: arrangement of ecological and tourist routes and recreation areas; organization of ecological camps for schoolchildren and youth; involvement of the local population in recreational activities (provision of paid services for visitors in accommodation, meals and support); providing information services through print, photo and video production, production of information stands; Attraction and cooperation with the recreational institutions of the region to visit the park territory.

PAMAM-halloysite Dunino hybrid as an effective adsorbent of ibuprofen and naproxen from aqueous solutions

The eco-friendly halloysite from Polish mine Dunino was grafted with polyamidoamine dendrimer to obtain the hybrid material for removal of two model drug pollutants – ibuprofen and naproxen – from aqueous solutions. The hybrid was characterized using several physicochemical methods – Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, and nitrogen sorptometry. The optimal adsorption conditions were achieved for pH 6 and 50 mg of the adsorbent dose. The adsorption capacities of ibuprofen and naproxen were 68.34 mg g−1 and 5.96 mg g−1 respectively. The adsorption of model drugs increased with increasing initial drug concentration and temperature. The mathematical models indicated the compatibility of the adsorption with pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm. The calculated thermodynamic parameters – negative Gibbs free energy change and positive enthalpy and entropy change – showed spontaneous and endothermic nature of the process. Additionally, the hybrid studied was obtained using inexpensive and available raw material of significant natural resources, which should increase the possibility of its use for purification of aqueous solutions from pharmaceutical impurities.

Effect of brine mass rate on pressure drop and dirt factor in evaporator design

Geothermal is one of the most significant natural resource potentials in Indonesia. One power plant that utilises geothermal steam as its energy source is PLTP. Geothermal steam that has passed through the geothermal power plant separator to move the turbine while the residual waste (brine) with a high enough temperature has the potential to be a source of heating to produce electrical energy in the Kalina cycle generator. Using brine, before entering the turbine, it must first become airtight in the evaporator. Evaporator design requires initial parameters namely brine fluid flow rate and ammonia-water flow rate, shell dimensions and tube dimensions as well as the number of passes, then performs the design calculation steps until the calculation results meet operating requirements, namely the pressure drop value and the dirt factor. Different variations of brine rate will produce different pressure drops and soil factors. Brine rate variations are 11 kg/s, 22 kg/s, 33 kg/s, 44 kg/s, 55 kg/s and 66 kg/s show the lowest pressure drop of 0.098 bar and the most massive 0.68 bar, and the smallest dirt factor is 0,002 (hr)(m2 °C)/Joule moreover, the largest is 0,00019 (hr)( m2 °C)/Joule.

Determination of Some Physico-Chemical Parameters and Water Quality Index (WQI) of Laguna de Bay, Philippines

Water quality monitoring activities is a vital part in assessing the status of certain bodies of water such as the Laguna de Bay. The lake has been a significant natural resource as a catchment of an expansive watershed providing various ecological and economic values. It is the largest inland water body in the Philippines and the third largest in South East Asia. Water quality monitoring network is a critical element in the assessment, restoration and protection of Laguna de Bay. This paper measured some important physico-chemical properties of four selected sites from Laguna de Bay such as temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen levels, and phosphate and ammonia concentrations. Water Quality Index (WQI) utilizing Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index Method was also evaluated.

CLASSIFICATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES IMPORTANT FOR THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF SREBRENICA

The municipality of Srebrenica stretches along the central part of the Drina River in the northeastern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is connected via road with Zvornik, Bijeljina, Tuzla, and Sarajevo, and across the bridge on the river Drina with the municipality of Bajina Basta in the Republic of Serbia. The area of the municipality of Srebrenica has significant natural resources, ores, and minerals, forests, and waters. In this article, we have done an economicgeographical classification of natural resources based on the possibilities of their use. The article represents a contribution to the theoretical and practical research of modern processes of the economic-geographical development of the municipality of Srebrenica. Based on field research, previous knowledge, and various information and documents, we analyzed the spatial distribution of economic resources. By analyzing the spatial distribution of economic resources, we also presented their economic value and proposed guidelines for further use and protection.

АНАЛИЗ СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКИХ ПРИОРИТЕТОВ РАЗВИТИЯ НЕФТЕГАЗОВОЙ ОТРАСЛИ В ЯМАЛО-НЕНЕЦКОМ АВТОНОМНОМ ОКРУГЕ

Russia is one of the most important players on the energy shelf of the Arctic zone, with significant economic, political and political interests in the region, which is associated with significant natural resources, in particular oil and gas, in the Russian Arctic territories. The article analyzes the strategies of social and economic development of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. The author identified the priorities of strategic regional development at the level of the oil and gas sector, which include the reorientation of the regional economy from gas production to the expansion of liquid hydrocarbon production, an increase in the region's share in the total volume of oil and condensate production in Russia, the expansion of oil and gas processing and petrochemicals in the region, the growth of production and transportation liquid hydrocarbons along the Northern Sea Route. Areas that are not given enough attention in the project approach are identified, and program activities for each period of the strategy implementation are analyzed.

Procedure and Design of a Patrimonial Tourist Product for the Municipality of “Calixto García”

Tourism has constituted one of the sectors of more impact in the Cuban economy and in the last times the offers of this type have been diversified, favoring the products related with the nature and the culture of the communities. The municipality of Calixto García is located in the western part of Holguín province, framed around the central highway and its main economic line constitutes the agricultural sector. It also has significant natural, cultural and historical resources, but their management, in the search of transforming them into products of tourist attraction has been not enough to favor a sustainable and prospective development of the municipality, due to that an efficient use of the existent patrimonial resources is made. The present work proposes a patrimonial tourist product, related with the traditions of the local popular culture, incentivizing the protection of the natural diversity and the heritage. The potentialities of the municipality in this field are also exposed, as well as the particularities and the design of the product.

МАЛЫЙ АГРОБИЗНЕС И ЕГО РОЛЬ В ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИИ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ СЕЛЬСКИХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ РОССИИ

Rural settlements occupy a significant part of the territory of Russia, where about 25% of the population lives and significant natural resource potential is concentrated, but the level of their socio-economic development is significantly inferior to urban ones. Increasing depressiveness of rural areas and spatial socio-economic differentiation is a systemic problem and an obstacle to the balanced development of the national economy, reduces its competitiveness due to insufficient use of economic potential, creates challenges to the economic and national security of the state. A powerful tool for countering such trends is the formation and implementation of the potential for the development of small agribusiness, which is mainly based on households created in the form of peasant (farmer) and personal subsidiary associations. The article ana-lyzes the potential of small agribusiness development in rural areas.

OBTAINING CLINKERLESS CEMENTS THROUGH THE SYNTHESIS OF BASIC SOLUTIONS OF SODIUM SILICATE FROM SILICA-CONTAINING ROCKS

Objectives The creation of clinkerless cements that do not require high-temperature processing and significant natural resources, at the same time as exhibiting good technical parameters, seems to be an important research task. Cements of alkaline instillation, in which alkaline metals play an active role, are capable of interacting with minerals of aluminosilicate nature forming strong and insoluble compounds.Methods Concrete composites from binding substances activated by alkaline were developed on the basis of Russian and foreign experience of using cinder slag composites in construction.Results In this work, energy-dispersion microanalysis of the developed clinkerless compositions based on alkaline silicate sodium solutions from silica-containing rocks was carried out.Conclusion Formulations of clinkerless cements based on high-dispersal powders of different natures mixed by the alkaline solution obtained using the wet technique at temperatures of up to 95 °C and atmospheric pressure are proposed. This technology will expand the use of alkaline cements, thus leading to the development of concrete having desired properties.

CLASTIC QUATERNARY SEDIMENTS OF THE AUGŠDAUGAVA SPILLWAY VALLEY AS NATURAL RESOURCES – GRAIN SIZE DISTRIBUTION AND MICROMORPHOLOGY OF QUARTZ GRAINS AS INDICATORS FOR DISTINGUISHING ALLUVIAL AND GLACIOFLUVIAL SAND DEPOSITS

Alluvial and glaciofluvial sand and gravel deposits are the significant natural resources of the Augšdaugava spillway valley. Considering that these sediments differ in granulometric composition and degree of sorting, which in turn determine their utilisation, it is substantially to distinguish sediments of different origin. Hence the main objective of this study was to assess grain size distribution and micromorphology of quartz grains as indicators for distinguishing alluvial and glaciofluvial sands. The grain size distribution has been identified by the laser diffraction method, but the micromorphology of quartz grains has been analysed by scanning electron microscopy. The obtained data indicate that results of the granulometric composition analysis can be used for the discrimination of alluvial and glaciofluvial sediments, in contrast, micromorphology cannot be a reliable diagnostic indicator for identifying the sand of different origin.

Natural resources governance and tax revenue mobilization in sub saharan Africa: The role of EITI

The resource curse literature suggests that windfall revenues from the exploitation of natural resources have a negative impact on non-resource tax revenues. Consequently, improving governance and transparency in the management of natural resource revenues is considered critical in mitigating the negative outcomes that typify resource-rich countries. This paper investigates whether EITI membership helps countries to offset the negative impact of natural resource dependence on tax revenues in a panel of 31 Sub Saharan African countries with significant natural resource endowments. Using panel fixed effects and dynamic panel GMM econometric methods, results confirm the existence of a negative relationship between revenues from natural resource sectors and tax revenues. Membership to the EITI has had a weak positive effect on non-oil revenue mobilization and only partially offsets the negative impact of natural resources dependence on non-resource tax revenues. These results suggest that while the EITI has had some positive contributions, it is not a panacea for eliminating the tax revenue curse in natural resource rich African countries.

Priority Directions Development of the Regions Social and Economic Activity

The socio-economic activity of the region is studied using the Irkutsk region as an example. The analysis of the dynamics of the main socio-economic indicators revealed important features of its territorial structure. In order to implement the assessment and qualitative analysis to form the directions of preparation of the regional development strategy, it was proposed to apply a spatial approach, taking into account all of the above. Expert assessments have shown that the region has a very high environmental risk, so it is necessary to introduce measures related to the greening of the economic structure as a kind of diversification. Geographically, the region is proposed to develop in different directions, taking into account the identified features. The southern part is promising for the implementation of tourism and recreational potential and services, as it has appropriate infrastructure and resources. The implementation of this direction requires significant investment, but it pays off quickly in comparison with the development of industry. As for the northern territory of the region, the presence of significant natural resources creates prospects for their deeper processing and for introduction of new technologies in the mining industry. Expansion of the direction is possible due to the long-term development of scientific and educational activities.

Embedded in Nature: Challenges to Sustainability in Communities of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem

Solutions to sustainability transitions tend to be applicable for specific regions but not the whole of society. Limitations on what may be sustained also exist, and preferences will vary among people in different places. Because of these differences, there is a need for better understanding of the perceptions and experiences of local community members and the challenges they face in the transition toward sustainability to promote realistic and effective decision-making. As a region with significant natural resource protections, the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem has been known to researchers for decades as an ideal location to study human-environment interactions. The objective of this study was to determine the challenges to sustainable community development and natural resource management identified by residents of communities surrounding Yellowstone and Grand Teton National Parks. Thirty-two key informant interviews were conducted with decision-makers, with a focus on the communities of Red Lodge and West Yellowstone, Montana, and Jackson, Wyoming. Findings suggest that primary challenges include the seasonality of the tourist industry, disparities between agricultural and tourism-dependent priorities, and the implementation of stated sustainability goals. Challenges differ based on communities’ socio-economic conditions, dependence on tourism and recreation-based industries, and the influence of local and extra-local institutions.

Mineralogical investigations of Jamaican hematite-rich and goethite-rich bauxites using XRD and solid state 27Al and 31P MAS NMR spectroscopy

Bauxite is the ore that is the world's primary source of aluminum. It is a significant natural resource for the Caribbean island of Jamaica. Large portions of Jamaica's future bauxite resources are goethitic and have significantly higher phosphorus concentrations than currently-processed hematite-rich ores. Depending on mineralogy, phosphate minerals may dissolve during alumina extraction and cause various process problems, consequently identifying them is critical. This study investigates phosphorus and alumina minerals in current and future Jamaican bauxites and extraction residues using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and solid state 27Al and 31P magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) spectroscopies. The use of powder XRD conclusively identified crandallite as the major P mineral in the goethitic bauxites but its presence in the hematite-rich ore was uncertain. Bauxite analysis using solid state 27Al MAS NMR, gave central peaks (δ = 6.60–8.60 ppm) and associated spinning sidebands that were consistent with the octahedral coordination of Al3+ in gibbsite however one high phosphorus ore had an additional peak at 50 ppm attributable to the tetrahedral coordination of Al3+ in an unidentified aluminosilicate mineral. Solid state 31P MAS NMR studies identified crandallite in both the goethitic and hematite-rich bauxites while peaks corresponding to chlorapatite, wavellite and an unspecified aluminophosphate mineral were observed in high P bauxite samples; phosphorus existed as apatite in the red mud residue. These results indicate that solid state 31P MAS NMR can give meaningful information on the P mineralogy of bauxite resources. The technique complements the use of powder XRD for investigating the P mineralogy of both hematite-rich and goethitic bauxites and can therefore assist in managing their exploration and predicting their processability.

Antimicrobial Activity and Phytochemical Analysis of Catharanthus roseus (L)

Catharanthus roseus (L) a popular ornamental plant found in garden, home across the worldwhich is recognized in Ayurveda. Catharanthus is well known due to antitumor, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, anti-oxidant and anti-mutagenic effects. It produces alkaloids, vincristine vinblastine, ajmalicine, reserpine, serpentine, catharanthaine, lochherin, lochnericine, vinorelbin extract from these plants used in disease treatment. Application of Catharanthus roseus it used treatment of asthma, blood pressure, manstruation cycle, malaria etc. Plants have proved to be significant natural resources for effective chemotherapeutic agents and offering a broad spectrum of activity with greater emphasis on preventive action. The antimicrobial activity has been checked against microorganisms like Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Rhizopusarrhizus, Aspergillus sydowi, and Aspergillus fumigatus. The strongest inhibition activity of the leaf extract was observed against B. subtilis, (20 mm zone) by Aspergillus sydowi, which is 21 mm zone of inhibition. Qualitative analysis of phytochemical screening reveals the presence of terpenoids, carbohydrate alkaloids, phenol, glycoside are present.

Influence of waste materials on buildings’ life cycle environmental impacts: Adopting resource recovery principle

Buildings are responsible for a significant natural resources diminution and emissions to the environment. Thus, the building industry has become a global target for reducing environmental impacts and curbing resource depletion. Concerning the rapidly growth of buildings, life cycle assessment (LCA) is increasingly used for assessing and mitigating the associated environmental impacts from material selection to the whole building systems. However, many of the previous studies have focused on the impacts assessment from buildings within a restricted system boundary, especially lack of consideration of several critical factors when assessing the whole building, such as wastage level of raw materials during building construction and the disposal impacts, renovation and replacement of components of building and their treatment, and waste treatments during building demolition. As the industry is shifting from linear to circular, the consideration of those factors are essential for ensuring waste reduction, resources recovery and resource-efficient construction, not to mention about increasing the accuracy of such assessment. Therefore, the present study was conducted to assess the environmental impacts of the mentioned aspects at different life cycles of building by LCA. The results were then critically discussed after identifying the contribution of waste materials at different stages of building to the total impacts. The potential sustainable strategies for waste treatments during the construction, operation and end-of-life stages of building were then highlighted to help lay important foundation for adopting circular economy principle in the building industry and establishing benchmark for future reduction.

Comparative assessment of sustainable development in South American countries on the basis of the Sustainable Society Index

ABSTRACTThis study reports an overview of the economic, social and environmental performance of the main South American countries (SAC) as measured by the Sustainable Society Index. This is a well-known composite indicator, composed of 21 indicators, grouped in seven categories, covering environmental, social and economic wellbeing dimensions. Thirteen European countries recently incorporated into the European Union (NEUC) are considered as a reference. The study covers the period 2006–2016. The South American Region features significant natural resources and plays an important role in the global economy. However, there is concern about the long-term sustainability of social and economic development, given the high rate of economic growth based on the production of low added-value primary products. Sustainable development requires reasonable balance between economic, social and environmental performance, as well as a sustained and balanced increase in performance associated with those fundamental dimensions. Moreover, it is important to agree on minimum performance levels for all performance indicators, taking into account particular social, economic and environmental realities. SAC feature a clear imbalance in some categories affecting the economic, social and environmental wellbeing dimensions, showing either stagnation or significant decrease in recent years. It can be concluded that in the light of findings reported here, South American countries are far from being on the pathway towards sustainable development.