Significant Correlation Relationship Research Articles

Association between asthma and depression: results from the NHANES 2005-2018 and Mendelian randomization analysis.

Asthma is a common respiratory disease that is believed to be associated with mental disorders. This study aims to assess the correlation and causal relationship between asthma and depression by combining observational and Mendelian randomization (MR) approaches. We collected relevant data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and employed multivariable logistic regression to evaluate the correlation between asthma and depression. Additionally, a two-sample MR analysis was conducted using inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method, along with multiple sensitivity analyses. The observational study included a total of 23 648 participants, and the results showed that asthma patients had an increased risk of developing depression compared to non-asthma individuals (OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.04-1.57; P < 0.01). The IVW-MR results from two datasets indicated a potential causal relationship between asthma and depression (EBI dataset: OR 1.141; 95% CI 1.051-1.239; P = 0.01; UKB dataset: OR 1.009; 95% CI 1.005-1.013; P < 0.01). These findings suggest that asthma may be a risk factor for the onset of depression, increasing the risk of developing depression. There is a significant correlation and potential causal relationship between asthma and depression, with asthma being a risk factor for the onset of depression. These findings warrant further research for validation and exploration of preventive and therapeutic measures for depression in asthma patients. Key messages What is already known on this topic-There are some potential associations between asthma and depression based on observational studies, but the results of observational studies are often biased. This study aims to further explore the relationship between asthma and depression through a combination of observational studies and Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. What this study adds-The observational study results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database and MR analysis are consistent, indicating that after adjusting for multiple covariates and confounding factors, asthma increases the risk of depression and is a risk factor for depression, with similar results obtained at the genetic level. How this study might affect research, practice or policy-Asthma patients not only need active medication treatment, but also need timely psychological attention, and psychological treatment is more important to a certain extent.

تأثير التحول الرقمي على كفاءة الموارد البشرية في المملكة العربية السعودية

Digital transformation is one of the most significant modern mechanism concerned with restructuring the traditional labor market into digital work as a result of keeping pace with technical and technological progress. In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Vision 2030 emphasized the activation and development of digital transformation in all government and private sectors, therefore, the aim of this study is to identify the impact of digital transformation on the efficiency of human resources, and determine the potential benefits of adopting digital transformation on the development of human resources. Furthermore, the study attempts to find whether there is link between the impact of demographic characteristics variables, such as (age, academic qualification, years of experience) on efficiency, identifying the concept and benefits of digital transformation. The questionnaire as a tool to suit the nature of the study, and the study population consisted of workers in Saudi banks, and it was distributed in a simple random way, and the number of responses reached (45) male and female employees, and the SPSS statistical analysis program was used to analyze the data. As one of the most important findings of the two researchers is the existence of a statistically significant positive correlation relationship between digital transformation and human resource efficiency, as the Pearson correlation coefficient reached (0.726), which is a statistically significant value at the level of significance (0.01), and there are no statistically significant differences in organizational efficiency. Referring to any of the demographic variables, the analysis showed that the level of organizational efficiency in the sample community is high by a percentage of 91.1%, in light of the findings of the study. The two researchers recommended expanding training centers on technological programs and activating them to develop human resources, and educate organizations and society about the advantages of Modern technology and its positive impact on the efficiency of employees, raising the spirit of competition and cooperation between organizations to create new digital growth that seeks to achieve the vision of 2030.

Voice Type Component Profile Model of Glottal Gap Voice in Ex Vivo Canine Larynges

This paper aimed to create a voice type component profile (VTCP) to model a glottal gap during phonation. VTCP was generated from phonation from eight excised canine larynges with induced posterior glottal gaps. Glottal gaps were induced using metal shims with widths ranging from 0.5 to 3.5mm, in 0.5 mm increments. Acoustic data was collected under each gap condition, and a custom MATLAB software was used to analyze the data for VTCP. The trends of each VTC were analyzed with changes in glottal gap size. Increasing glottal gap led to a decrease in VTC1 and an increase in VTC4. Post-Hoc Tukey tests found that for both VTC4 and VTC1, The 1.5mm group differed from the 2, 2.5, and 3.5mm group. Additionally, in both VTC1 and VTC4 there was a significant difference between both the control and 0.5mm shim groups and the 2, 2.5, 3, and 3.5mm shim groups. VTC2 followed a similar trend as VTC1. Average VTC3 was highest at control, and the 1, 2, 2.5, 3, and 3.5mm shim groups significantly differed from the control group. Kendall correlation tests showed that there was a significant weak inverse relationship with glottal gap size and VTC1, VTC2, and VTC3 and a significant weak positive correlational relationship with glottal gap size and VTC4. As glottal gap width increased, phonation exhibited increased turbulence associated with increased breathiness. Periodicity decreased as turbulence increased. Increased turbulence was shown to be derived from the glottal level. The size of the induced glottal gap was the cause of the turbulent signals. The study highlights the potential of VTCP analysis in detecting subtle changes in glottal closure and suggests avenues for further research in diagnosing voice disorders.

Experimental studies of the generating capabilities of mine hoists in industrial conditions

The article is devoted to a topical subject of distributed generation of electrical energy. The cage and skip mine hoists of the iron ore mining enterprise were considered as generators of electrical energy. The purpose of the study is to compare theoretical and experimental data on electricity generation by mine hoisting units of the Sukha Balka PJSK (Kryvyi Rih, Ukraine). The research methods are theoretical ones – on the transformation of the potential energy of a solid body into electrical energy during its movement through a mine shaft, and experimental ones – involving instrumental measurements of the consumption and generation of electrical energy by cage and skip hoists units during industrial operation. Research schedule: collection and processing of information on the operation of the cage and skip hoists of the mine named after Frunze and similar indicators of the cage and skip hoists units of the Yuvileyna mine for the period from September 1 to December 31, 2021. The novelty of the research lies in the instrumental measurement of the electrical parameters of mine hoists in real Ukrainian operating conditions. The most significant results: it was found that the volumes of electricity generation by mine cage hoists significantly exceed the results of skip hoists. The actual indicators of electricity generation by cage hoists units are much lower than the results of theoretical estimates. There is an imbalance between the generation and consumption of energy resources – 9% for the cage elevation of the mine Frunze; about 2% for the cage hoist of the Yuvileyna mine; less than 1% on skip units. It was found that there is a statistically significant correlative relationship between the generation and consumption of electricity by the cage hoist of the mine named after Frunze and no statistically significant relationship between the generation and consumption of electricity by the cage hoist unit of the Yuvileyna mine. The electricity obtained from the daily operation of two cage and two skip units of the Sukha Balka PJSC (approximately 400 kWh) is enough to power 58 average Ukrainian households.

Morphometric Investigation of Nasal Structure with Nasal Septum Deviation in Young Adults and Correlation with 2:4 Digit Ratio

Aim: The nose, both anatomically and esthetically, is a central feature of the human face. This study aims to morphometrically investigate the nasal structure with septal deviation in young adults and examine its correlation with 2:4 digit ratio. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 194 volunteers (female: 100 and male: 94), aged 18–25 years, studying at Yıldırım Beyazıt University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara. Volunteers with nasal septum deviation were included in the study. Initially, participants’ height and weight measurements were taken, followed by morphometric measurements of the nasal and hand regions by the same researcher. Body mass index (BMI) was also calculated. Subsequently, the volunteers were divided into eight age groups for age and four for BMI. The data were analyzed using the Student’s t-test for normally distributed continuous variables and the Mann–Whitney U-test for ordinal or nonnormally distributed continuous variables. P &lt; 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Initially, the averages and standard deviations of parametric data taken from the nose and hand according to gender, age, and BMI were calculated. Then, the nasal and hand parameters were statistically evaluated according to gender, age, and BMI. The correlation between nasal parameters and the 2:4 digit ratio was also examined. The evaluation revealed statistically significant differences and correlation relationships between the parameters (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: The data obtained from our study will assist clinicians involved in evaluating nasal development, determining gender in forensic medicine, diagnosing and treating pathologies related to the nose, describing anatomical points in surgical procedures applied to this region, and planning these surgical procedures.

Monitoring the physical fitness of students aged 10-15 and 15-18 during online education

Background and Study Aim. The necessity to switch to online learning is closely related to the need to ensure the safety of students, which is jeopardized by the military conflict in Ukraine. In the context of online learning, diagnosing the physical fitness of students becomes more challenging, creating problems for physical education teachers. The purpose of the study is to suggest alternatives to physical fitness tests for students that can be adequately conducted at home. Materias and Methods. The study involved students aged 10-15 (middle school) and 15-18 (high school). The study involved students aged 10-15 (middle school) and 15-18 (high school). The high school group comprised 11 students (7 girls and 4 boys), while the middle school group included 28 students (16 boys and 12 girls). The research was conducted at the Velikosknitsky Lyceum (Khmelnytskyi region, Ukraine) during offline physical education classes at the beginning of the 2023-2024 academic year. The physical fitness testing was carried out using suggested tests that could be performed independently at home. Results. The presence of significant correlational relationships between the outcomes of certain tests has been established. For example, there is a high correlation (0.95) between the results of the standing long jump and physical fitness in higher grades. A moderate correlation was also found between the results of the 30-meter dash and physical fitness in higher grades. Additionally, a weak correlation was established for the 4x9 meter shuttle run in middle grades. Conclusions. The study's findings demonstrate that conducting test exercises at home is a practical and efficient alternative to traditional diagnostics in school sports halls. However, assessing some aspects of physical fitness, such as speed, endurance, and strength, may be more challenging in an online setting.

IMPACT OF ACCOMMODATION ON JOB PERFORMANCE AT CALEB UNIVERSITY, IMOTA-LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA.

Every employer is saddled with performance expectations from all employees while all employees desire job satisfaction for maximum productivity. Several factors have been known to affect staff performance. They are rewards, accommodation, promotion opportunities, work conditions, workgroup and interpersonal relationships, leadership styles and performance appraisal in various organizations, etc. This study aims to examine the impact of the accommodation on the staff performance at Caleb University, Imota, Lagos with a view to suggesting possible means of resolving them. Well-structured questionnaires were administered to randomly sampled 95 staff of Caleb University, Imota comprising 48.4% academic staff, 50.5% non-academic staff and 1.1% others. Results showed that (69)72.6% of the staff do not have accommodation on campus while (26)27.4% have accommodation on campus. Also, there is a significant correlation relationship of .559 between the comfort of accommodations and staff performance which is greater than .05, and there is a significant difference of .420 between the quality of accommodations and staff performance. Therefore, this study concludes that attention and priority should be given to staff accommodation and the quality of accommodation for excellent staff job performance in the study area. Keywords: Accommodation, Caleb University, Housing, Job Performance, Productivity.

The Impact of Strategic Intelligence on Achieving Administrative Innovation in Company Management (Chapter One – Study Methodology and Previous Studies)

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between strategic intelligence and managerial creativity. The researchers adopted a descriptive-analytical approach in data collection and analysis, utilizing personal interviews, field visits to company sites, and a questionnaire. The study aimed to diagnose this cause-and-effect relationship and analyze strategic intelligence's impact on managerial creativity. The study concluded several significant findings, notably: the existence of significant correlational relationships between the study variables at the level of the studied private industrial companies. Additionally, a significant impact was found between these variables at the level of these studied private industrial companies.

THE ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS LEVEL AMONG SAUDI WOMEN AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO SUSTAINABLE THINKING

Recognizing environmental concerns is crucial for fostering a mindset and implementing behaviors that contribute to sustainability. Individuals with good environmental awareness engage well in environmentally supportive behaviors and think in ways that contribute to a sustainable future. The current research aims to assess the level of environmental awareness among Saudi women and unveil the relationship between the level of environmental awareness and sustainable thinking. Additionally, the research seeks to explore the possibility of predicting sustainable thinking based on the level of environmental awareness. A questionnaire on environmental awareness and a questionnaire on sustainable thinking were applied to 176 female teachers working in the Wadi Dawasir governorate educational administration. The study utilised a descriptive-analytical methodology, namely the correlational predictive approach, to examine the relationship between the research variables and make predictions about their associations. The research results indicated a high level of environmental awareness among the research sample and a high level of sustainable thinking. Furthermore, the findings revealed a statistically significant positive correlational relationship between the level of environmental awareness and sustainable thinking. The results also demonstrated the possibility of predicting sustainable thinking based on the level of environmental awareness in the research sample.

THE ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS LEVEL AMONG SAUDI WOMEN AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO SUSTAINABLE THINKING

Recognizing environmental concerns is crucial for fostering a mindset and implementing behaviors that contribute to sustainability. Individuals with good environmental awareness engage well in environmentally supportive behaviors and think in ways that contribute to a sustainable future. The current research aims to assess the level of environmental awareness among Saudi women and unveil the relationship between the level of environmental awareness and sustainable thinking. Additionally, the research seeks to explore the possibility of predicting sustainable thinking based on the level of environmental awareness. A questionnaire on environmental awareness and a questionnaire on sustainable thinking were applied to 176 female teachers working in the Wadi Dawasir governorate educational administration. The study utilised a descriptive-analytical methodology, namely the correlational predictive approach, to examine the relationship between the research variables and make predictions about their associations. The research results indicated a high level of environmental awareness among the research sample and a high level of sustainable thinking. Furthermore, the findings revealed a statistically significant positive correlational relationship between the level of environmental awareness and sustainable thinking. The results also demonstrated the possibility of predicting sustainable thinking based on the level of environmental awareness in the research sample.

The Degree to Which Educational Counselors in Karak Governorate Possess Skills for Dealing with Crises and its Relationship to their Self-Efficacy

This study aimed to identify the degree to which educational counselors in Karak governorate possess skills to deal with crises and its relationship to their self-efficacy. The number of study subjects consisted of (149) counselors. It used the descriptive correlation methodology. To achieve the objectives of the study, two scales were developed: the scale of possession of Crises dealing skills, and the scale of self-efficacy, their psychometric properties were verified. The results showed that the level of counselors’ possession of Crisis dealing skills was high, and that their level of self-efficacy was medium. The study results showed that there was a significant correlation relationship between possessing the skills of dealing with crises and self-effecacy. Finally, the study included a number of recommendations among them developing counseling interventional skills to deal with crises for educational counselors.

Friendship Quality and Its Relationship to School Engagement and Academic Achievement among High School Students in Jordan

This study aimed to explore the relationship between friendship quality and school engagement, and academic achievement and their levels among high school students for academic year 2020- 2021 in Amman. The sample of the study consisted of (300) male and female students, whose schools were chosen randomly. The results showed: highest level of friendship qualities was for help dimension (mean 3.98), followed by closeness (mean 3.94), highest level of school engagement was for behavioral (mean 3.93), cognitive engagement was second (3.46), and lowest level was for emotional (mean 3.40), level of academic achievement was very good (mean 81.57). Moreover, a positive significant correlation between companionship, security, closeness with behavioral engagement, while a significant negative correlation between conflict and behavioral engagement. A positive significant correlational relationship was found between all dimensions of friendship qualities except for conflict dimension. And all friendship dimensions correlated positively with cognitive engagement. As for academic achievement, it correlated with three dimensions of friendship (closeness, help, security).

The Predictive Ability of the Big Five Personality Factors and Cognitive Flexibility in Metamemory among High School Students

The study aimed to identify the predictive ability of the big five personality factors and cognitive flexibility in metamemory among high school students in Nazareth district. The correlational descriptive mmethodology was used. The scales of metamemory, big five personality factors, and cognitive flexibility were used for data collection, as they were applied to a random sample of (332) students at the Galilee school in the Nazareth district. The results showed a positive, statistically significant correlational relationship between the big five personality factors to satisfaction with memory, and a negative with memory errors, and a positive statistically significant relationship of negative emotion factor to memory errors and memory strategies, and a positive, statistically significant relationship between cognitive flexibility and satisfaction with memory.

The thiol/disulfide balance is shifted towards oxidation in psoriatic arthritis compared to controls and is associated with higher disease activity.

This study was designed to compare thiol/disulfide and ischemia-modified albumin (IMA) levels between psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and healthy controls and evaluate the correlation between these molecules and the disease activity scores used in PsA. A total of 63 PsA patients and 49 healthy volunteers were included in the study. Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), modified disease activity score 28 (DAS28), and Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI) scores were used as disease activity indices for PsA patients. Calculations of native thiol (-SH), disulfide (-SS), and total thiol (-SH+-SS) molecules were made by the automatic spectrophotometric method, and the albumin cobalt binding test was used to measure IMA levels. In the PsA group, -SS/-SH and -SS/(-SH+-SS) levels were higher and -SH/(-SH+-SS) levels were lower than in controls. In the linear regression analysis, a significant correlation relationship was detected between DAS28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and -SS/(-SH+-SS) (β = 0.795, CI 95%, 0.196-1.395; P = .010), -SH/(-SH+-SS) (β = -0.475, CI 95%, 0.114-0.836; P = .010) and IMA (β = 3.932, CI 95%, 0.859-7.005; P = .013). Additionally, a significant correlation was detected between IMA and BASDAI and BASFI. In PsA, thiol/disulfide homeostasis has shifted in favor of disulfide as an oxidative indicator. Serum thiol/disulfide levels are correlated with PsA disease activity indices.

Variability in the relationship between light scattering and chlorophyll a concentration in oligotrophic tropical regions of the Western Pacific Ocean.

It is important to determine the relationship between the concentration of chlorophyll a (Chla) and the inherent optical properties (IOPs) of ocean water to develop optical models and algorithms that characterize the biogeochemical properties and estimate biological pumping and carbon flux in this environment. However, previous studies reported relatively large variations in the particulate backscattering coefficient (bbp(λ)) and Chla from more eutrophic high-latitude waters to clear oligotrophic waters, especially in oligotrophic oceanic areas where these two variables have little covariation. In this study, we examined the variability of bbp(λ) and Chla in the euphotic layer in oligotrophic areas of the tropical Western Pacific Ocean and determined the sources of these variations by reassessment of in-situ measurements and the biogeochemical-argo (BGC-Argo) database. Our findings identified covariation of bbp(λ) and Chla in the water column below the deep Chla maximum (DCM) layer, and indicated that there was no significant correlation relationship between bbp(λ) and Chla in the upper layer of the DCM. Particles smaller than 3.2 µm that were in the water column above the DCM layer had a large effect on the bbp(λ) in the vertical profile, but particles larger than 3.2 µm and smaller than 10 µm had the largest effect on the bbp(λ) in the water column below the DCM layer. The contribution of non-algal particles (NAPs) to backscattering is up to 50%, which occurs in the water depth of 50 m and not consistent with the distribution of Chla. Phytoplankton and NAPs were modeled as coated spheres and homogeneous spherical particles to simulate the bbp(λ) of the vertical profile by Aden-Kerker method and Mie theory, and the results also indicated that the backscattering caused by particles less than 20 µm were closer to the measured data when they were below and above the DCM layer, respectively. This relationship also reflects the bbp(λ) of particles in the upper water was significantly affected particle size, but bbp(λ) in the lower water was significantly affected by Chla concentration. This effect may have relationship with phytoplankton photoacclimation and the relationship of a phytoplankton biomass maximum with particle size distribution in the water column according to the previous relevant studies. These characteristics also had spatial and seasonal variations due to changes of Chla concentration at the surface and at different depths. There was mostly a linear relationship between Chla and bbp(700) during winter. During other seasons, the relationship between these two variables was better characterized by a power function (or a logarithmic function) in the lower layer of the DCM. The spatial and vertical relationships between the bbp(λ) and Chla and the corresponding variations in the types of particles described in this study provide parameters that can be used for accurate estimation of regional geochemical processes.

The Level of Prevailing Organizational Culture among Elementary School Principals within the Green Line and its Relationsiph to the Development of Creative Behavior among teachers from Principals and Teachers`

The study aimed at finding out the level of prevailing organizational culture among elementary school principals within the Green Line and its relationship to the development of creative behavior among teachers from principals and teachers` point of view. The descriptive-survey correlational methodology was used. The study population consisted of all elementary school principals and teachers within the green line, which numbered (1600) principals and teachers. The study sample consisted of (387) principals and teachers. The results showed that the level of prevailing organizational culture among elementary school principals in the Northern Triangle region came in a high degree in the total score and in all domains. The results also showed that the development of creative behavior came in a high degree too. The results-indicated that there was a positive significant correlational relationship between the level of prevailing organizational culture and the development of creative behavior.

Tree Species Composition and Diversity in a Secondary Forest along the Sierra Madre Mountain Range in Central Luzon, Philippines: Implications for the Conservation of Endemic, Native, and Threatened Plants

The Sierra Madre Mountain Range (SMMR) is the backbone of the Luzon Islands that contains a high concentration of highly important ecological resources distributed among the 68 protected areas therewith. The present study aimed to assess the composition and diversity of tree species in a secondary forest within the SMMR. A 2.25 km transect with 10 900-m2 plots were established to record tree species with a diameter at breast height of at least 10 cm. The findings revealed 148 individuals of trees from 38 morphospecies, 28 genera, and 20 families. Importance values unveiled the Aurora endemic Macaranga stonei Whitmore as the most important species in terms of the relative values of its abundance, frequency, and dominance. The area was also found to be home to 33 natives, 12 endemics, five IUCN threatened species, and nine Philippine threatened trees. Furthermore, the study site was also found to have considerably high diversity, with a Shannon–Weiner Index value of 3.269 and a relatively even distribution of individuals among species, as supported by the Simpson’s Evenness index value of 0.9453. Significant correlational relationships were also found among species richness, Shannon–Weiner index, and Simpson’s Evenness index, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.881 to 0.934, with all significant at p &lt; 0.001. Lastly, the study was able to produce a distribution map, which is necessary for implementing targeted conservation strategies. These findings provided valuable implications for future research and implementation of targeted and participatory biodiversity conservation and protection strategies.

Cytochrome P450 genes expression in human prostate cancer

CYP-dependent metabolites play a critical role in regulating the cell cycle, as well as the proliferative, invasive, and migratory activity of cancer cells. We conducted a study to analyze the relative gene expression of various CYPs (CYP7B1, CYP27A1, CYP39A1, CYP51, CYP1B1, CYP3A5, CYP4F8, CYP5A1, CYP4F2, CYP2J2, CYP2E1, CYP2R1, CYP27B1, CYP24A1) in 41 pairs of prostate samples (tumor and conventional normal tissues) using qPCR. Our analysis determined significant individual variability in the expression levels of all studied CYPs, both in the tumor and in conventionally normal groups. However, when we performed a paired test between the tumor and normal groups, we found no significant difference in the expression of the studied genes. We did observe a tendency to increase the level of CYP1B1 expression in the tumor group. We also did not find any significant difference between the levels of the studied CYPs in the tumor and conventional normal groups at different stages of prostate cancer and pathomorphological indicators. Correlation analysis revealed the presence of a positive relationship between the expressions of some cholesterol-metabolizing CYP genes, as well as between genes responsible for vitamin D biosynthesis and cholesterol biosynthesis. We observed significant correlative relationships between the expression of CYPs and some prostate cancer-related genes (CDH2, MMP9, SCHLAP1, GCR, CYP17A1, ACTA2, CXCL14, FAP, CCL17, MSMB, IRF1, VDR). Therefore, the expression of CYPs is not directly associated with prostate cancer but is largely determined by genetic, epigenetic factors, as well as endogenous substrates and xenobiotics. The significant correlative relationship between CYPs and genes associated with cancer may indicate common regulatory pathways that may have a synergistic effect on the tumor, ensuring the survival of cancer cells.

Association between inflammatory bowel disease and osteoporosis in European and East Asian populations: exploring causality, mediation by nutritional status, and shared genetic architecture.

While previous research has established an association between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and osteoporosis (OP), the nature of this association in different populations remains unclear. Our study used linkage disequilibrium scores(LDSC) regression analysis and Mendelian randomization(MR) to assess the genetic correlation and causal relationship between IBD and OP in European and East Asian populations. We performed separate genetic correlation and causal analyses for IBD and OP in European and East Asian populations, used the product of coefficients method to estimate the mediating effect of nutritional status on the causal relationship, and used multi-trait analysis to explore the biological mechanisms underlying the IBD-nutrition-OP causal pathway. Our analysis revealed a significant genetic correlation and causal relationship between IBD and OP in the European population. Conversely, no such correlation or causal relationship was observed in the East Asian population. Mediation analysis revealed a significant mediating effect of nutritional status on the causal pathway between IBD and OP in the European population. Multi-trait analysis of the IBD-nutrition-OP causal pathway identified MFAP2, ATP13A2, SERPINA1, FTO and VCAN as deleterious variants. Our findings establish a genetic correlation and causal relationship between IBD and OP in the European population, with nutritional status playing a crucial mediating role.

Pengaruh Puja Bakti Terhadap Kecerdasan Spiritual Siswa Agama Buddha

This article covers aspects of prayer in the development of spiritual intelligence. The study aims to investigate the impact of the practice of puja bakti on the spiritual intelligence of Buddhist students at Bhakti Karya Kaloran High School. The study involved research subjects such as Buddhist religious students at Bakti Karya Kaloran High School in 2023 who were selected as samples of research. The research method used is a quantitative method with a correlational approach. The correlation value between the variable puja bakti to spiritual intelligence is 0.712. This value can be predicted that the relationship of the two variables tested is in the strong category. The results of the study showed a significant correlational relationship between the performance of bakti puja and the spiritual intelligence of students with evidence of a significance value of 0.003 &lt; 0.05 and a t-count value of 6.251 &gt; t-table 2,021, also contributing 49.6%. The recommendation from this study is to implement morning prayer routine and targeted in the school environment to enhance the spiritual intelligence of students.