Siberian Region Research Articles

Foreign Trade Relations Between China and the Siberian Regions Through the Prism of Complementarity, Specialization and Sustainable Development

Russian-Chinese relations are characterized by the most solid foundation in the context of more than ten years of trade wars unleashed by Western countries, the most powerful pandemic in modern history and the current geopolitical aggravation that has actually changed the existing world order. Against this background, one of the key factors in the development of foreign economic cooperation between Russia and China is mutual commitment to the principles of equality, openness and inclusiveness. It is on this basis that the countries are expanding their interaction in the field of foreign trade, investment, and large-scale infrastructure projects. Russia and China regularly hold bilateral consultations related to the development of cooperation in various areas of the economy and business. On the one hand, these plans lay the foundation for building foreign economic cooperation with China at the regional level, on the other hand, their implementation sets a number of long-term and medium-term goals and objectives for the regions. Their substantive features and, in fact, roadmaps for them should be built taking into account the situation that is developing in the current relations between the Chinese side and the regions, in particular the regions of Siberia as a strategically important economic region. In addition, it is necessary to take into account the possibilities of expanding cooperation, which involves correlating export and import profiles within the framework of the Russian-Chinese partnership. This article presents the results of a study of foreign trade interaction between the regions of the Siberian Federal District and China, including the level of complementarity, specialization, sustainability of the trend and the speed of development of trade flows. The totality of the results obtained made it possible to form a map of the development of exports and imports of Siberian regions in the context of expanding cooperation with China.

N.M. Yadrintsev and the Academic-Literary Journal "Delo": Narratives of Journalism in the 1870s

The article is devoted to the analysis of the narratives of journalism of the founder of Siberian regionalism N.M. Yadrintsev, presented in the journal "Delo" in the 1870s. Guided by the methodology of "new cultural and intellectual history", the authors showed that the cooperation of N.M. Yadrintsev with the democratic journal "Delo" resulted in the development and systematization of several narratives: abolition of exile as punishment, prison studies and educational policy of tsarism.
 The authors established that the problems of exile and prison were not at all the only topics that the Siberian public figure developed in the pages of "Delo" journal. The authors revealed that in the second half of the 1870s N.M. Yadrintsev also developed the issue of educational policy as part of his collaboration with the central periodical. The provincial thinker, within the framework of these publications, convincingly showed that the desire for education in Siberia was constantly growing, and as the number of secondary educational institutions increased, so did the number of Siberians striving for a university education. In the concept of regionalists, the university in general was perceived as a rallying body for the forces of the region, the development of civil liberty in it and the formation of the local intelligentsia. Keywords: Siberian regionalism, history of journalism, exile, prison, educational policy of tsarism, N.M. Yadrint-sev, academic-literary journal "Delo".

Thermal injuries in the Siberian region

Introduction. Thermal lesions represent a significant medical and social problem, they are characterized by the duration and high cost of treatment, a significant proportion of the limitation or disability. In Siberian region besides burn injuries, cold injury is common.
 The purpose of the work was to identify factors influencing the indicators of specialized medical care for patients with thermal injuries in the Siberian region.
 Materials and methods. The analysis of the reports of the main specialists of the subjects of the Siberian Federal District on the provision of specialized medical care to victims of thermal injuries in 2017 was carried out. Statistical processing was performed using the Microsoft Excel for Windows 10.0 program.
 Results. The average provision for victims of thermal trauma is 2.8 beds per 100,000 of the district’s population, the turnover rate per 100,000 of the population is 134, the mortality rate is 4.6%. The hospitalization rate for patients with burns per 100,000 populations is 39, with cold injury — 6.0. In the structure of adult patients, non-core patients hospitalized for a “burn” bed occupy 12%. The mortality rate in adults is 10 times higher than in children. For each specialized bed for a patient with thermal injuries, 6.4 beds intensive critical care are required. Over 12% of victims in intensive care units require mechanical ventilation. The rate of anesthetic management per patient varies in subjects by 6 times.
 Limitations. The study was conducted on the basis of available official statistical data, primary data were not used.
 Conclusion. Cold trauma has a significant impact on the performance of the medical care system in the Siberian Federal District for patients with the “combustiology” profile. The variability of a number of key parameters in the provision of specialized care for thermal trauma is due to different numbers and densities of the population, the degree of industrialization and the financial capabilities of the region. A significant proportion of those treated in burn hospitals are patients with another (without thermal injury) pathology.

The new winter rye variety ‘Irtyshskaya 2’

Winter rye, with all its advantages (adaptability, stress resistance, increased productivity), cannot compete with other grain crops, and the reason is grain quality to a greater extent. Solution of the issue is possible when cultivating rye varieties with a low content of water-soluble pentosans in grain. In Western Siberia, winter rye has traditionally been considered a leading grain crop, which efficiently uses environmental resources and is more productive in comparison with winter wheat and triticale. In order to increase the efficiency, the low-pentosan rye variety ‘Bereginya’ was involved in the breeding study of the Omsk Agricultural Research Center. As an initial form, this variety was used to develop a new variety ‘Irtyshskaya 2’. The purpose of the current work was to characterize this variety according to a number of valuable traits. The study was carried out on the experimental plots of the laboratory for winter crop breeding in 2020–2022. The estimation of the rye variety ‘Irtyshskaya 2’ has identified several advantages in comparison with the standard variety ‘Irina’. The new variety was more productive. Its excess over the standard variety was 0.36 t/ha (with an average productivity of 6.34 t/ha). The variety ‘Irtyshskaya 2’ is characterized by the best severity of quantitative traits (‘grain size’ and ‘head productivity’) and grain quality indicators (‘grain unit’, ‘falling number’). In order to select for increased productivity of a new variety there has been proposed grain content of a head as the main trait, which is characterized by a strong correlation with the trait ‘grain weight per head’ (r = 0.731–0.889). In 2022 the variety ‘Irtyshskaya 2’ was sent to the State Variety Testing and recommended for use in the West Siberian and East Siberian regions.

Criticism of Texts of Legislative Acts of the Russian Empire in the Political and Legal Work of N. M. Yadrintsev

The publication concerns the problem of analysis of some legislative acts of imperial Russia in the political and legal ideology of the regionalists. An attempt has been made to show the diversity of references in the language of the regional doctrine to legislation and legal terms. It is shown that representatives of the Siberian regionalism movement were very selective in their analysis of the texts of legal acts of the Russian Empire, which was due to their interests for specific problems.
 The authors found that while theoretically analyzing various government decrees on the proportionality of punishment and reduction of exile, such as Decrees of 1811 and 1821, as well as the Charter of 1822 on exiles, the Siberian thinker assessed the system of punishments as unsatisfactory. The attitude to this type of criminal punishment among legal scholars of the second half of the XIX century was ambiguous.
 It is emphasized that the application of progressive views of legal scholars is very often observed in the political and legal ideology of regionalism. For example, N. M. Yadrintsev referred to the provisions of the International Prison Congress of Stockholm.
 The authors comes to the conclusion that the textual analysis of the legislation by the regionalists in regard to the penitentiary policy of the state, including the problem of exile and maintenance of convicts, together with references to the doctrine of law, made it possible to comprehensively approach the solution of certain political and legal problems.

Anthropogenic hybridization of Populus × sibirica and Populus nigra in Siberia. Crossbreeding in ruderal (disturbed) habitats

Most of the known facts of anthropogenic hybridization of poplar with native taxa are observed in disturbed (ruderal) territories. In the Siberian region, their areas are steadily growing and, at the same time, they become centers of hybridization of the cultivar Populus × sibirica G.V. Krylov & G.V. Grig. ex A.K. Skvortsov with native P. nigra L., and pose a threat to local population gene pools. The purpose of this work is to consider the features of hybridization of Populus × sibirica with P. nigra in disturbed habitats. To achieve the goal set by the authors in 2020–2022, two populations of hybrids were studied in the vicinity of the city of Novokuznetsk (Kuzbass). Materials obtained earlier in the same area when studying the variability in plantations of P. nigra and P. × sibirica were used for comparative study and analysis. Hybrids, both in natural and disturbed habitats, inherit from the Siberian poplar the differentiation of crown shoots obtained by the latter from the ancestors of sections Tacamahaca Mill. In contrast to plantations in natural habitats, hybrids in disturbed areas showed variability in terms of the development of basal glands both at the endogenous and individual levels. Populations of hybrids under these conditions are characterized by a significantly higher phenotypic diversity due to the absence of stabilizing selection. Survival of “different-quality” hybrids under these conditions leads to the absence of prevailing phenotypes in the populations and the absence of asymmetry characteristic of hybridization

IMPROVEMENT OF THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITIES IN THE AGRICULTURAL AND INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX OF SIBERIA

The relevance of the work. The relevance of the study is due to the need to develop agro-industrial production at a new qualitative level, to increase the level of food security in the region by improving the organizational and economic mechanism for the development of investment activities in the agro-industrial complex.
 Objective. The purpose of this study is the development of scientific and methodological provisions for improving the organizational and economic mechanisms of investment activity in the agro-industrial complex of Siberian regions.
 Materials and methods. The research methodology is aimed at clarifying the basic principles of the formation of the organizational and economic mechanism for the development of the food and processing industry, taking into account the sectoral features of innovative development.
 Results. In-depth studies were carried out on the organizations of the agro-industrial complex of the Novosibirsk region. The main part of the article discloses indicators characterizing the development of Russian agriculture in 2017-2020, as well as indicators of innovative activity in agriculture for 2017-2021. Shows the share of investments aimed at the reconstruction and modernization of fixed assets in Russia, as a percentage of the total investment. The mechanism of subsidizing to compensate for the costs incurred for the construction (modernization) of agribusiness facilities is considered. The main directions for improving the organizational and economic mechanism of the investment process in Siberian agriculture have been developed.
 Conclusion. In conclusion, scientific provisions are formulated to improve the organizational and economic mechanism for the development of investment activities in the agro-industrial complex.

Сорт масличного льна Уральский желтый

The cultivar Uralsky yellow was developed by the method of hybridization of cultivars Raciol x LM 98 followed by a multiple individual selection. The cultivar is middle maturing, the growing season is 85–90 days, and the height of plants is 60–65 cm, which is at the level of the standard-cultivar LM 98. In sowing, the plants are mainly single-stemmed; the capsules are rounded with a pointed spout of medium size. The seeds are yellow, egg-shaped with a pointed spout, medium-sized. The weight of 1000 seeds is equal 6.5–7.0 g, which is 1.2–1.5 g higher than the same trait of the standard. The crude fat content in seeds is 42–44%. The new cultivar is resistant to lodging and seeds shedding from the capsules, matures simultaneously, is resistant to a complex of diseases at the standard level. It was submitted in the State testing in 2022 in the Middle Volga, Volga-Vyatka, Ural and East Siberian regions.

Sensitivity of seasonal circulation response to snow reduction in the Northern Hemisphere and Eurasia and its impact on Eurasian climate

In this study, we analyze the impact of reduced snow cover in the Northern Hemisphere on the atmosphere and if the atmospheric response depends on the model resolution. We use the atmospheric component of the global climate model EC-Earth and perform three experiments: in the first experiment, we reduce the snow cover in the entire Northern Hemisphere by reducing the snow albedo to a constant value of 0.3, in the second experiment, we reduce the snow albedo only over Eurasia, and the third experiment is the control run using normal snow conditions. All experiments are integrated over the period 1980–2015 at standard resolution (~ 80 km) and high resolution (~ 40 km). Experiments comprise 11 and 5 ensemble members at standard resolution and high resolution, respectively. Reducing the snow albedo in the Northern Hemisphere leads to 5–10% snow cover reduction in winter and spring. Significant warm responses are found over northern Eurasia in spring and summer with a warm response reaching 3 °C. Similar but weaker warm temperature responses are found in the middle and upper troposphere (up to 2 °C) and reversed temperature responses in the stratosphere (up to – 2 °C), particularly over eastern Eurasia. This is closely associated with westerly jet flow response which is enhanced at high-latitude and weakened at low-latitude in winter and spring over eastern Eurasia. Reduced snow cover leads to warmer surface temperatures that accelerate snow-melting and further lead to different snow-hydrological responses in western and eastern Eurasia and more precipitation occurs over eastern Eurasia (increasing 10–20%), particularly in the Siberian region. When the snow albedo is reduced only in the Eurasian sector, the surface response pattern resembles the results of the Northern Hemisphere experiment. The warm response is slightly weakened about 0.25–0.5 °C over Eurasia and significantly weakened outside of Eurasia. However, the upper air circulation response is much less pronounced over Eurasia. The impact of resolution on the mean surface field response is small yet it is more pronounced on the large-scale circulation response, particularly in spring and winter.

Evaluation of oat varieties adaptive properties by productivity in the Priobskaya forest-steppe zone

The results of evaluation of adaptive properties of released oat varieties of Siberian breeding by yield in the Priobskaya forest-steppe of Novosibirsk region are presented. The experiment was conducted on the experimental field of the Siberian Research Institute of Plant Production and Breeding in 2012-2021. The object of the study were 37 oat varieties included in the State Register of the Russian Federation and released in the West Siberian (№ 10) and East Siberian (№ 11) regions. Yield estimation and phenological observations were carried out according to the methodology of N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources. For statistical data processing the method of B.A. Dospekhov was used. Potential productivity and adaptability of the varieties were determined by L.A. Zhivotkov et al. method, resistance of the varieties to stress conditions - by A.A. Goncharenko, the yield spread - by V.A. Zykin. Analysis of yields by groups of ripeness showed a natural tendency: as the growing season lengthens by groups of ripeness, the productivity potential also increases. The following varieties had high indicators of productivity potential in favorable years and adaptability to adverse environmental factors: Krasnoobsky, Mustang, Metis, Oven, Otrada, Talisman, Irtysh 21, SIR 4, Orion. The varieties Oven, Novosibirsk 5, CIR 4 showed high adaptability and stability. Four varieties were characterized by the ability to give not the maximum, but high stable yield under any conditions: Krupnozerny, Novosibirsk 88, Belozerny, and Korifey.

Impact of Allelic Variation in Maturity Genes E1–E4 on Soybean Adaptation to Central and West Siberian Regions of Russia

Four maturity genes, namely, E1, E2, E3 and E4, have been found to play major roles in controlling the flowering and maturity time of soybean. Which genotypes of E1–E4 genes provide effective adaptation to the varied conditions of Russia are unknown. To clarify this issue, we have studied the allele variation in soybean E1–E4 genes in terms of both flowering and maturity time under the natural day-length conditions of Central Russia and Western Siberia in a collection of 176 soybean accessions, including 142 Russian and 34 foreign accessions. As a result, a high frequency of previously determined E1–E4 alleles has been identified. The field experiment showed that genotypes with all recessive alleles from e1-nl/e2/e3/e4 and e1-as/e2/e3/e4 provide the effective adaptation of soybean to the mentioned conditions. Cultivars with these genotypes are considered to be most suitable for cultivation in Central Russia and Western Siberia.

Processing of Oilseed Flax From the Southern and Siberian Regions

The results of a study of the possibility of primary and deep processing of oil flax from the southern and Siberian regions are presented. The characteristics of the initial raw material in the form of a tangled mass of stems were studied, a line of primary and deep processing was presented, the quality indicators of the obtained fibers and the technological characteristics at each stage of the processing were determined. Options for using the obtained fibers are proposed, taking into account their quality.

Possibilities of Intensification of Spring Wheat Growing Technology in the Western Siberia Forest-Steppe

Based on the results of many years of field experience, an agronomic and economic assessment of the effects of the use of chemicals for spring wheat is given in order to determine the attractiveness for farmers of the transition to growing crops using intensive technology. For the analysis, the prices of chemicals and spring wheat grain that are currently relevant for the Siberian region were taken. It is shown that under the influence of a complex of chemicalization agents (fertilizers, herbicides, fungicide), the average annual yield of wheat in a 4-full grain-pair crop rotation increased 1.8 times, reaching 3.8 tons of grain/ha. The increase in yield by 13% was due to the use of herbicides, 18% – fungicides and 69% – mineral fertilizers with a payback of 1 kg active substance 12.4 kg of grain. When calculating the average per year, the means of chemicalization provided income already at the minimum (from the accepted for analysis) grain price of 10 000 rubles/t. Income increased sharply in a number of field experience options: herbicides, herbicides + fertilizers, herbicides + fertilizers + fungicide. However, when assessing the annual effects, income from chemicals in this series was obtained, respectively, only in 42, 75 and 92% of the years. The probability of losses decreased significantly with an increase in the price of grain. But even at prices of 13.000 and 16.000 rubles/ton, the use of the entire complex of chemicals was unprofitable in 8% of the years due to the severe aridity of the growing season. At current prices for fertilizers and pesticides, the minimum sufficient price of grain can be considered 13.000 rubles/ton, which, however, does not exclude losses in severely dry years.

Theorizing Siberian Sex

Abstract This article examines discourses on racial mixing in Siberia and its interpretations among the founders of Siberian regionalism. Debates about miscegenation were crucial for the development of racial theories in the late Russian Empire, as well as regionalists’ vision of Siberia and its colonization. Yet the importance of gender and sexuality for their ideas has been largely overlooked. The present article partially remedies this gender-blindness by centering gender, sexuality, and desire in the analysis of several writings by Afanasii Shchapov, Serafim Shashkov, and Nikolai Iadrintsev. The article argues that gender and gendered sexuality were essential for regionalists’ understanding of miscegenation, race, civilization, and the Russian Empire. As the research demonstrates, gender and sexuality not only undergirded, but also produced, figuratively and literally, race and empire.

Зимостойкий сорт озимой пшеницы Изаура для сложных климатических условий Уральского региона

Abstract. The purpose of the research is to present the result of the breeding work of the wheat breeding laboratory of the Kurgan Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture – branch of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences” – a new variety of winter wheat Izaura and to give its economic and biological characteristics. The variety was created by the method of multiple individual-familial selection from a hybrid population of K-85 (a population of hardy forms) / Kurganskaya ozimaya. According to the results of the competitive variety testing, the yield of the variety in 2017 was 4.65 t/ha (+0.29 t/ha to the Omsk winter standard), in the conditions of drought of 2020–2021, 1.10 t/ha (+0.42 t/ha). The maximum yield was obtained in the Orenburg region of 58 kg/ha (2020). When creating a new variety, the task of increasing yields was solved due to higher winter hardiness, resistance to brown rust, powdery mildew and improving baking properties. The advantage of the variety: increased winter hardiness, frost resistance, friendly spring regrowth, resistance to the return of spring cold, high yield and grain quality. During the years of research, the variety was slightly affected by diseases that are widespread in the conditions of the forest–steppe of the Trans-Urals: brown rust – 11 %, powdery mildew – 0.5 points, septoria 0–0.1 %. In terms of grain quality, the new variety is a valuable wheat. The nature was 751 g/l, vitreous – 50 %, protein content in grain – 17.5 %, gluten content in flour – 35.3 % of the second group, flour strength – 367 e. a., bread volume yield – 848 cm3, overall bread score – 3.3 points. Resistant to germination and shedding of grain on the root. The variety is intended for zonal cultivation technology in pairs. According to the results of the state variety testing, since 2022, the Izaura variety has been included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements in the Ural (9) and West Siberian (10) regions, where increases amounted to 0.25 and 0.45 t/ha, respectively. Scientific novelty. A new variety of winter soft wheat has been created, which has advantages over common varieties in the Ural region, in terms of resistance to brown rust, powdery mildew and has increased winter hardiness.

Новый скороспелый сорт подсолнечника Кремень

Kremen is a new very early maturing sunflower varie-ty of oil type. It was developed in the laboratory of Sunflower variety breeding of V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops in 2015–2021 as a result of multiple individual selection from the best families of a variety-population SUR by productivity, morphotype, tolerance to broomrape races (A–F), high field resistance to dry rot, and toler-ance to phomopsis. The new variety is differed from the standard variety VNIIMK 100 with its increased productivity (seed yield – by 14%, oil yield – by 16%) and improved morphometric traits. The period from seedling appearance to physiological maturity of 81 days is equal to the same of the standard variety. The plant height of the new variety is 145–155 cm. The weight of 1000 seeds is within 55 g at the plant popu-lation of 40 thousand seeds per ha. The sunflower variety Kremen from 2021 is under the state variety trial in the Central Chernozrn (5), Northern Caucasus (6), Middle Volga (7), Low Volga (8), Ural (9), and Western Siberian (10) regions.

Новый сорт подсолнечника Юбиляр

The sunflower variety Yubilyar was developed at the Siberian experimental station - a branch of the V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops (Omsk region, Isilkul) by the method of individual selection of the productive samples from the varietal population Sibirsky 97 and directed cross-pollination of them during free flowering in an isolated area. In the conditions of the Omsk region, the Yubilyar varie-ty belongs to a very early maturity group. The stem of the variety is erect, unbranched, 120–140 cm high. The basket is convex when ripe, 19–21 cm in diame-ter. Achenes are medium-sized, narrow-ovoid, black. Weight of 1000 seeds 57–71 g. According to the results of variety testing in 2020–2022, the new variety exceeded the standard variety Irtysh of local breed-ing in terms of seed yield by 0.35 t/ha, seed oil content by 2.2% and oil yield by 0.22 t/ha. The Yubilyar variety is recommended for cultivation in the Western Siberian (10) and Ural (9) regions.

Очень ранний сорт сои Забава

A very early soybean variety Zabava was selected from the hybrid combination F4 Slavia × EU Mentor by traits of increased cold resistance, drought resistance and reduced reaction for the length of the day. The Zabava variety belongs to a very early group of maturity, at the latitude of Krasnodar (45°) it matures in 94 days, and in yield is not inferior to the Puma standard variety. At the latitude of Samara (53°), it matures in 95 days, and the yield significantly exceeds the Samer 3 standard variety. In 2022, in a competitive variety test in the Krasnodar region, its yield was 2.51 t/ha; in a competitive test in the Samara region, it was 3.33 t/ha. The height of the plants of the Zabava variety at the latitude of Krasnodar averaged 74 cm. In the Samara region, at latitude 53°, the height of plants of the Zabava variety increased slightly to 87 cm. High resistance to low air and soil temperatures in the germination phase, and increased yield in long-day conditions characterizes the new soybean variety Zabava. This allows it to be cultivated in soybean-producing farms in the Central Chernozem, North Caucasus, Middle Volga, Low Volga, Ural, Western Siberian and Eastern Siberian regions of the Russian Federation.

Northern Buddhism in the culture of the East Siberian region of Russia (on the history of the Irkutsk Spiritual Mission of the Russian Orthodox Church).

The study of the cultural activity of the Spiritual missions of the Russian Orthodox Church in various regions of Russia is one of the urgent tasks in the context of the problematic field of the theory of regionalism, cultural studies and socio-philosophical knowledge. Russian settlements on the territory of the Yenisei River basin and the entry of ethnic groups and territories of Yakutia and Buryatia into the Russian Empire has become one of the most important stages of the integration of the ethnic groups of Siberia into a single statehood. The Irkutsk Spiritual Mission received a more perfect organization, institutionalized by increasing the number of missionary camps, which for successful Christian activities carried out among pagans allowed the formation of school educational institutions for the education and upbringing of a new Buryat generation of children in the doctrinal Orthodox canons, and Russian cultural traditions. In this regard, one of the key tasks of the missionaries was to establish a rational view of further life in new Christian-type formations, which was realized in socio-cultural activities: providing medical care to sick representatives of other ethnic groups, a friendly attitude to people of a different faith and a sincere desire to guide them on the path of righteousness, etc. It should be noted that the largest share of foreigners in this territory belonged to Buddhists, which was reflected in the influence of lamas on doctrinal issues, including economic ones. Since Buddhism in the Russian Empire belonged to the section of tolerant religions, direct (administrative) pressure on it was impossible. There remained funds of an exclusively spiritual nature, to which Orthodox missionary work was directed. Today in the Russian Federation, Buddhism, as well as Islam, Catholicism and Protestantism, as well as some other faiths belong to the category of traditional religions, which organizationally operate within the framework of the modern Russian Constitution.

Omskaya 42 - a new middle-late variety of soft spring wheat for the southern forest-steppe and steppe

The results of research on the creation of the soft spring wheat variety of Omskaya 42 are described. The variety is characterized by high indices of drought tolerance (IR in vitro = 0.55). Assessments of resistance to leaf rust pathogens in 2017 and 2018 showed that the variety Omskaya 42 has a medium level of resistance to powdery mildew (IR = 0.47 and 0.59) and high resistance to brown rust (IR = 0.05 and 0.18) and stem rust (IR = 0.07 and 0.28). With a significant lack of moisture and mass development of diseases in 2019 and 2020 during tillering - earing (HTC = 0,20-0,45), the yield of the variety Omskaya 42 was higher than the susceptible standard Serebristaya, respectively, by 2.15 and 2.88 t / ha, and the variety Element 22 resistant to these diseases - by 0.16 and 0.5 t / ha. The ear length of the new variety is 0.5 cm longer than the standard Serebristaya. Significant excess compared to the standard was revealed by the weight of 1000 grains (by 5.6 g). The results of the study of the variety in the international ecological nursery KASIB (2015 and 2016) showed that on the experimental plots with a mass infestation of crops with brown and stem rust, the variety Omskaya 42 showed high and moderate resistance to these diseases, its yield was by 0.39-1.23 t/ha higher than susceptible varieties. Indicators of grain quality in the years of transferring the variety for state variety testing were as follows: crude gluten content of 31.8%, protein - 16.36%, the flour strength - 415 e. a., the overall baking score - 4.3 points. Since 2019, the variety is included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements of the Russian Federation for the West Siberian (10) region as a middle-late variety. In terms of grain quality, it belongs to the strong wheat. As part of the import substitution program, the introduction of the new variety Omskaya 42 will significantly increase and stabilize the gross yield of grain in the Omsk region and the West Siberian region of Russia.