Community Service Research Articles

Some legislative amendments of the Draft CC of Ukraine in comparison with the current CC of Ukraine

The article considers a range of important novels, provided for by the Draft Criminal Code of Ukraine (CC), which are offered in substitution to the provisions of current CC. The authors analyze the concept of the grounds for criminal liability, emphasizing precise definitions of the elements and features of the corpus delicti, which play a key role in the criminal offences’ qualification. Special consideration is given to the institute of accompliceship. The draft also provides for the introduction of the intermediate perpetrator as a separate category, who is not an accomplice, as well as extension of provisions on accompliceship with a special subject. The exclusion of the concept of “public danger” from the definition of a criminal offence, leaving only the feature of “criminal illegality”, is also considered. The authors support this amendment and note that “public danger” may be taken into account during the criminalization and decriminalization of acts. The system of criminal legal remedies is particularly considered. The Draft CC retains such types of punishment as community service, fine, restriction of liberty, fixed term or life imprisonment, and excludes arrest, forfeiture of property and correctional labour. The authors of the draft consider probation supervision as a social and educational measure and a means of supervision, but not the type of punishment, since it applies during or immediately after the completion of the basic punishment. The draft also excludes revocation of a military or special titles or qualification class from the punishment system and determines it as a disciplinary measure. The importance of the introduction of standardized sanctions which will correspond to the gravity of the offence and will be prescribed by the General Part of the CC and, simultaneously, will remain in the Special Part for the convenience of practical application, is also noted. Particular attention is paid to safety measures, inter alia compulsory psychiatric assistance, provided to persons who have committed acts in a state of insanity or partial insanity. Such assistance may be outpatient or in-patient, and its duration depends on the treatment results.

A STUDY ON CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR) IN INDIA - ISSUES AND CHALLENGES

CSR as an important topic of public policy has taken a crucial position in the Indian corporate landscape, as it has established a sustainable connection with society at large alongside the rising socio-regulatory pressures. The concept of social responsibility posits that an organization or individual has a duty to act in ways that benefit society as a whole. Social responsibility encompasses the obligation of every individual or organization to carry out actions that ensure a balance between economic growth and ecological sustainability. The initial mention of the term corporate social responsibility appeared in the document ‘Social Responsibilities of Business’ penned by William Bowen in 1953. In India, there has been a continual close business engagement with social issues for the purpose of national development, referred to as social duty or charitable contributions, philanthropy, and community service, now specifically labeled as CSR. foundation. The primary aim of this research is to examine the attitudes towards Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) among the upcoming business leaders of India. In India, companies such as Tata and Nestle have been engaging in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) for decades, well before CSR became a well-known concept. Despite having such prominent examples, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in India is currently in a very nascent stage. Numerous large corporations are conducting these Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) initiatives superficially and showcasing these efforts in the media. This research paper revolves around finding and reviewing the issues and challenges faced by Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) practices in India.

Needs, rights and perspectives in the Birth Care Pathway during COVID-19 lockdown in Italy: the BiSogni Study, an exploratory qualitative research

BackgroundWith the COVID-19 emergency, the provision of healthcare had to be reorganized. Community Health Services for Families of Trieste adopted new methods to ensure continuity of care and the maintenance of the Standards and Good Practices of the Baby Friendly Initiative of UNICEF for the Birth Care Pathway.The aim of the study was to identify the perceived needs of women, couples, caregivers, and health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic and evaluate new healthcare strategies, identifying weaknesses and strengths, and future developments.MethodsThis was an exploratory qualitative study, using online Focus Groups (FGs) with mothers, fathers, pregnant couples, grandparents, peer breastfeeding support mothers’ groups, and healthcare professionals (HCPs). The sample was purposeful, selected through the district healthcare network. After obtaining participants’ consent, FGs were recorded and fully transcribed. Transcripts underwent deductive and inductive categorical analysis using Nvivo12 software.ResultsTen FGs were conducted with 86 participants. Situations of increased vulnerability were reported by women who experienced significant levels of loneliness during pregnancy, childbirth, and the first months of their child's life. Regarding healthcare pathways, inconsistencies in the information provided by healthcare services emerged, due to the lack of clear national guidelines for managing childbirth during the pandemic. A controversial healthcare practice was the widespread exclusion of partners from antenatal care, prenatal diagnostics, labour, delivery, and postnatal care. After a period of uncertainty and fear experienced by families and HCPs, significant improvements in the organisation of community and hospital services were described. This was aided by telemedicine, which re-established a sense of care and connection.Positive aspects of the lockdown included a major presence of fathers who could work from home, share daily life with their partners, and take care of their children.ConclusionsThe COVID-19 emergency has reshaped the provision of healthcare, even in the field of childbirth. Innovative methods have proven to effectively address new needs resulting from physical and social distancing. These strategies could promote sustainable organisational approaches for managing childbirth care. Our results highlighted how policies and practices for future healthcare emergencies could ensure adherence to best practices and promote patient’s rights.

Empowering informal caregivers and nurses to take a person-centred view: adaptation and clinical utility of the Integrated Palliative Outcome Scale (IPOS-Dem) for use in acute and community care settings

BackgroundDementia is a progressive and terminal illness. Symptoms are present for people with dementia across all stages, leading to poor quality of life and considerable carer burden. In acute and community care services, no holistic, person-centred outcome tools are available for nurses and informal caregivers to measure symptoms and needs from the person`s with dementia point of view. We therefore undertook validation (exploring semantic/conceptual equivalence, content validity, and views on clinical utility) for a measure (IPOS-Dem) in the community and acute care setting in Switzerland.MethodsThis was a rigorous, multi-step, cross-sectional, multi-method study conducted with nurses and relatives caring for people with dementia in the community and acute care setting. Multiple components were aligned: 1) forward and backward translation from German to Swiss German to achieve semantic equivalence; 2) focus groups to explore clinical utility and conceptual equivalence; 3) cognitive debriefing to review content validity. An expert review was included at the end of each phase.ResultsSix people from the public and 24 nurses/relatives were included. Semantic equivalence was achieved after making 14 changes to the wording of items. Participants judged the IPOS-Dem (CH) as a clinically useful intervention in the domains of appropriateness, accessibility, practicability, and acceptability for the following reasons: (1) it enables support for informal caregivers, (2) it provides an overview of the priorities of care, thus supporting symptom review, (3) it allows nurses with different qualifications to contribute critical observations, thus fostering communication and teamwork, and (4) it increases an awareness of change in symptoms throughout the disease trajectory. In the cognitive debriefing interviews, setting and respondent-dependent differences in the conceptual understanding of item descriptors were observed for 11 of 31 items.ConclusionIn this novel work, we demonstrate the newly-translated and culturally-adapted IPOS-Dem (CH) is a relevant and comprehensive measure for persons with mild to severe dementia. It can aid a generalist workforce across settings to assess palliative care-relevant symptoms and concerns.

Pemanfaatan IoT untuk Monitoring Kualitas Air dan Pelatihan Pembuatan Abon Ikan di Pokdakan Mina Jaya Banyumas

The Mina Jaya fish farming group in Banyumas Regency faces significant challenges in freshwater fish farming, primarily due to poor water quality caused by household waste contamination. This issue leads to high fish mortality rates, especially for mujaer, catfish, and tilapia, significantly reducing harvest yields and economic returns. To address these problems, this community service program introduced Internet of Things (IoT) technology for real-time water quality monitoring. The program also included training on IoT usage and post-harvest management, specifically the production of fish floss (abon), to enhance the value of fish products. IoT implementation proved effective in reducing fish mortality, improving water conditions, and increasing operational efficiency. Furthermore, the post-harvest training enabled the group to diversify their products and increase income. These results demonstrate the potential of combining modern technology and community empowerment to overcome aquaculture challenges and improve productivity. The program recommends expanding IoT usage, continuing post-harvest product diversification, and fostering sustainable collaboration to maximize long-term benefits.

Meningkatkan Daya Saing UMKM Wardang Melalui Strategi Pemasaran Digital

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play an important role in supporting the Indonesian economy, but many face challenges in implementing effective marketing strategies. Wardang, a Padang cuisine business located in Tangerang Regency, shows significant growth potential but has not fully utilized digital marketing tools. This community service program aims to assist Wardang MSMEs in developing and implementing a comprehensive digital marketing strategy. Through a combination of observation, interviews, and SWOT analysis, the program identifies key areas that need improvement and provides tailored support. This includes creating engaging social media content, developing digital menus, and building custom service websites. This initiative has succeeded in expanding Wardang's market reach, increasing its digital visibility, and strengthening its competitiveness in the market.

Fostering patriotism through education on the conservation of Indonesian endemic animals to students in Selangor, Malaysia

Indonesia, the world's largest archipelago with rich biodiversity, faces significant challenges in conserving endemic animals such as the Komodo dragon, Sumatran tiger, Bornean orangutan, and Javan rhinoceros. This Community Service (CS) program aimed to raise awareness and knowledge among Indonesian students abroad, particularly in Selangor, Malaysia, about the importance of conserving these animals. The program comprised four stages: a pre-test, educational sessions, a virtual tour, and a post-test. Results showed a significant increase in students' understanding, with the post-test average score reaching 85%, compared to 40% on the pre-test. The educational sessions successfully motivated students to participate in conservation efforts, demonstrating the effectiveness of the educational and participatory approach.

Personal data protection in public services

The increasing importance of personal data protection in public services, especially in Indonesia, has become a critical issue due to frequent data breaches involving large organizations. This community service project was conducted to address the growing need for public awareness and implementation of personal data protection measures. The project aimed to educate the public and relevant institutions about the legal frameworks, such as the Personal Data Protection Law (UU No. 27 of 2022), and the importance of safeguarding personal data through digital security measures. The methodology employed included interactive webinars and the dissemination of educational materials focusing on digital device security, password management, and two-factor authentication. The results of the community service showed a significant improvement in participants’ understanding of personal data protection practices, as well as an increased adoption of digital security techniques such as encryption and secure authentication methods. In conclusion, raising public awareness and providing practical solutions to protect personal data are essential steps in mitigating the risks of cyber threats in public services

Peningkatan Status Kesehatan Masyarakat melalui Penyuluhan Dampak Negatif Merokok dan Kaitannya dengan Hipertensi pada penduduk di Desa Amiria Bahagia Kecamatan Simeulue Timur, Kabupaten Simeulu

Cigarette smoke is one of the causes of air pollution which can have adverse health effects. The number of smokers in Indonesia has increased in the last 10 years, thus the high prevalence of smoking harms people's health. One of the significant impacts on the human body is on the cardiovascular system, i.e, increasing blood pressure. Data from the East Simeulue Health Service 2023 recorded that the number of people experiencing hypertension reached 1,344 people. The high prevalence of hypertension in the East Simeulue sub-district is in line with the high prevalence of people who smoke in this area. Therefore, this community service activity aims to increase the understanding and knowledge of the inhabitants of Amiria Bahagia Village, East Simeulue District regarding the impact of smoking on health and incidences of hypertension. This activity was divided into two sessions: a health socialization and a blood pressure examination. The result from the health examinations found that for hypertension 31 (34,10%) respondents and non-hypertension 60 (65,90%) respondents out of the total 91 respondents. Of the smoking status, there are 52 (57,10%) respondents were smokers and 39 (42,90%) respondents were non-smokers. It is hoped that the results of this activity will increase public knowledge regarding the negative effects of smoking and risk factors for hypertension in the population of East Simeulue sub-district. The knowledge conveyed can contribute to improve the quality of public health and reduce the incidences of hypertension in the community.

Peningkatan Pemasaran dengan Content Digital dan Branding sebagai Media Promosi di UMKM Maketees Konveksi

In the digital era, social media is now a trend in marketing communications. In today's digital era, consumers are more interested in the concept of digital marketing content that not only contains images and text, but also interesting videos. The development of marketing management at Maketees Konveksi UMKM is carried out by implementing marketing programs such as increasing content marketing, implementing promotional features and yellow basket features on social media, increasing business branding by creating new brand designs, and participating in sponsorship events and activities are expected to further increase the marketing of these UMKM products. The managers of these UMKM can develop their skills to make their businesses more professional and able to carry out tasks effectively and efficiently. The purpose of community service at Maketees Konveksi UMKM is to provide assistance in developing marketing activities, especially with digital marketing. This is expected to increase the marketing of Maketees Konveksi UMKM products and bring benefits to many parties. The problems that exist at Maketees Konveksi so far have resulted in ineffective promotions in implementing digital marketing, utilizing promotional features, and increasing business branding. From the proposed work program, these programs were implemented well.

Educate educators: Interactive infographics hands-on-training to foster teacher's visual literacy

The lack of ability among SMPN 1 Jamblang teachers to utilize infographics resulted in low student engagement and a lack of variation in teaching methods. This community service aimed to improve teachers' ability to use infographics as interactive and effective learning tools to enhance the quality of education and student engagement. Activities included initial socialization and a focus group discussion (FGD), followed by a workshop on creating infographics using Canva and Prezi, and training on effective design principles. Monitoring and evaluation were conducted via WhatsApp groups and collaborative assignments uploaded to Google Drive to facilitate feedback and peer learning. Results showed increased teacher proficiency in creating informative and engaging infographics, boosted self-confidence (particularly among teachers previously struggling with technology), and greater enthusiasm for and integration of technology into teaching.

Development of True Shallot Seed Technology as an Effort to Increase Red Onion (Allium Cepa L.) Production in Galung Lombok Village, Polewali Mandar, West Sulawesi

This community service aims to improve the capacity of shallot farmers in Galung Village, Lombok, Polewali Mandar, in implementing True Shallot Seed (TSS) technology as an effort to increase shallot (Allium cepa L.) production. The use of TSS is an innovation that can increase harvest yields and reduce the risk of disease spread, which is often carried by conventional bulbs. The activity method includes focus group discussions (FGD) to understand participant readiness, preparation of extension materials, and implementation of extension that includes an introduction to the TSS method and comparison with traditional cultivation techniques. Evaluation was carried out with a pre-test and post-test to assess the increase in participant understanding. The evaluation results showed an increase in the average score from 41.63 in the pre-test to 76.08 in the post-test, reflecting an increase in understanding of 82.75%. Further analysis showed that age and farming experience factors did not significantly affect the increase in participant understanding. In conclusion, this program has succeeded in increasing farmer knowledge in TSS-based shallot cultivation techniques, which have the potential to support the sustainability of shallot production and strengthen farmers' economic resilience in the future. It is hoped that the TSS method can be applied more widely through the demonstration plot system to increase farmer confidence in adopting this technology

Penyuluhan Pemanfaatan Lahan Pekarangan Sebagai Kawasan Rumah Pangan Lestari (KRPL) di Kampung Asei Kecil, Sentani Timur Kabupaten Jayapura

Socialization about the use of yard land as a sustainable food home area in Asei Kecil Village, East Sentani District, Jayapura Regency, it was held on May 30 2023. This activity aims to provide motivation and understanding to the community about the importance of using yard land as a sustainable food home area) to support family food security. The methods used in this activity are lectures, discussions and questions and answers. This activity successfully involved 23 participants. The implementation of outreach activities regarding the use of yard land as a sustainable food area began with an introduction to the team and continued with a speech from the head of Asei Kecil Village, followed by the provision of materials. The team's presentation of material began with an explanation of the benefits of managing a home yard as a sustainable food area. The participants were very enthusiastic about following the presentation of the material, this could be seen from several questions asked regarding the material provided in the question and answer and discussion session. Based on the results of the evaluation carried out by the team using a questionnaire measuring tool, it showed that 78.20% of respondents agreed that the socialization on the use of yard land as a sustainable food house area was interesting and easy to understand, then 65.22% of respondents agreed that the socialization on the use of yard land provided by the team community service provides new experiences regarding the use of yard land as a sustainable food house area.

Increasing Public Knowledge about Household Waste Management in RW 07, Babakan Asih Village, Bojongloa Kaler District, Bandung

Background: Background: Ineffective household waste management is one of the primary causes of environmental problems, such as soil and water pollution. Many communities lack an understanding of the importance of proper waste management, including the separation of organic and inorganic waste. This highlights the need for sustainable educational interventions to raise awareness and improve skills in managing household waste. Objective: This activity aims to enhance community knowledge of household waste management through education and practical training to support environmentally friendly behavior. Method: This community service activity was conducted using a participatory approach in Village X, District Y. Methods included socialization, interactive discussions, and hands-on waste management practices, such as separating organic and inorganic waste and creating simple compost. The participants comprised 50 households selected based on their active involvement in the community. Results: The activity demonstrated a significant improvement in participants' knowledge levels, as measured through pretest and posttest evaluations. The average knowledge score increased from 58% (fair category) in the pretest to 85% (good category) in the posttest. Additionally, 90% of participants successfully practiced waste separation, and 75% successfully created simple compost. Conclusion: This community service activity effectively improved knowledge and skills in household waste management. The results indicate that a participatory educational approach is effective in encouraging behavioral changes toward better waste management. Similar programs are recommended to be implemented sustainably to support environmental preservation.

Promoting Economic Independence Economic Independence through Digital Technology and Operational Management for Improved Product Competitiveness

This community service program aims to increase the capacity and sustainability of Cilembu yam MSME players in Cilembu Village through structured training and mentoring. Activities began with six initial meetings involving 30 participants, mostly women aged 56-80 years old with basic education backgrounds. The training focused on digital technology and operational management, as well as new product development. Evaluation showed that the training successfully increased the use of digital technology from 72.26% to 85%, with a significant increase in the adoption of e-commerce platforms. Participation from younger age groups also increased from 13% to 20%, demonstrating the program's success in attracting the younger generation. Challenges related to productivity and marketing decreased, with productivity issues falling from 61.51% to 40% and marketing issues from 54.19% to 35%. The effectiveness of the training increased, with 90% of participants able to apply the training materials in their businesses. Support and communication from the implementation team was also rated as excellent, with responsiveness increasing to 95%. In conclusion, the program had a significant positive impact, but there are still challenges that need to be addressed in terms of productivity and marketing. It is recommended to focus on e-commerce technology capacity building, capital development, and product innovation, as well as strengthening ongoing mentoring to ensure the sustainability and development of MSMEs in the future

Strategi Penguatan Branding Identity Untuk Meningkatkan Persepsi Konsumen Terhadap Citra Produk UMKM Toko Bunga Denur Florist

This research aims to develop the branding identity of the Denur Florist flower shop through community service activities by exhibiting products and distributing business cards at car free day events every week. The method used is business card design training using the Canva application and marketing coaching at the Car Free Day event every Sunday. The research results show a significant increase in consumer perceptions of the quality of UMKM products after implementing business cards. These findings indicate that business cards as a simple branding tool can have a big impact on the development of UMKM

Development of an Android-Based Financial Management App to Support Educational Infrastructure Enhancement at Pondok Pesantren Nurul Hidayah in Accordance with SDG 9

Technological advancements have transformed the way humans live, with increasing digitalization in various aspects of life. However, in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, there has been a disruption to the role of humans, raising concerns about the loss of the essence of humanity. In 2019, Japan introduced the concept of Smart Society 5.0 to address the negative impacts of this disruption by reinstating humans as the main element in modern life. As a form of community service, the service team developed the program "Simple Financial Application as a Medium for Financial Management at Nurul Hidayah Islamic Boarding School," located in Sukaharja, Cijeruk, Bogor Regency. The main issue faced by the partner is that financial management is still carried out manually, leading to the risk of recording errors and discrepancies in financial data. This activity aims to digitize the financial administration system and enhance the digital literacy of the students and staff of the boarding school through seminars, training, and mentoring. The methods used include a holistic approach comprising observation, interviews, digital financial literacy seminars, training on using Android-based financial applications, and online and offline mentoring for three months. The results indicate an improvement in the partner's ability to use financial technology, the achievement of efficiency in recording financial transactions, and increased transparency in fund management. The contribution of this activity to Nurul Hidayah Islamic Boarding School is the enhancement of staff capabilities in digital-based financial management and the encouragement of community empowerment by utilizing technology to achieve sustainable and efficient financial management.

Pembinaan Pemuda kristen tentang Pemuda, Teknologi dan Hamil diluar Nikah

Youth are the backbone of a nation as well as a church, therefore as youth they should do many things in life, and be the controllers of the rapid technological advances that are currently developing. However, in reality, with the advancement of existing technology, many young people fall into promiscuity (extramarital sex) which causes pregnancy. Because young people in the era of introducing technology, are still unable to control themselves well, they actually fall into habits that are detrimental to themselves, others, and society. The purpose of this community service activity is to provide education and encouragement for young people in Siloam Humone so that they can know and understand the benefits and impacts of using technology, and be wise in using technology, so that they do not fall into promiscuity. The method of implementing PKM "guidance for young people of the Siloam Humone congregation regarding youth, sex and premarital pregnancy" is divided into the following stages: 1). The implementation of community service is preceded by initial observation with the pastor and the Humone community online, 2). Implementation of community service activities for young people in Siloam Humone. The importance of implementing this activity is to provide education so that we can act wisely in the technological era so that we do not fall into free association, but must hold on to the Christian faith, so that we are not easily influenced by technological advances and bad associations.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Silase Pakan Ternak Bagi Kelompok Tani Sedyo Mulyo, Desa Dukuh, Kecamatan Bayat, Klaten

Drought severely impacts livestock activities as it becomes increasingly difficult to find green feed for cattle. The hot weather causes the food stock to dry and makes it impossible for cattle to eat. The damage to the cattle food supplies exacerbates this because of termites, especially dry straw. This condition makes the Sedyo Mulyo farmer group worried about the sustainability of cattle food stock. They usually easily get the food stock only from their neighborhood, but because of extreme weather, they have to look for it in areas far from home. Sometimes they also have to buy it if the stock is empty. In response to this problem, it is necessary to preserve cattle food stock when conditions are abundant and use it during the dry season. Cattle food stock preservation is one way to support the conservation of food stock programs. Many methods can be used to preserve cattle food stock today, and the silage method is one of the best of it. Silage is a feed preservation technique with a fermentation process. The purpose of silage is to maintain and reduce the loss of nutrients for future use. This community service program will provide knowledge and training in making this method for cattle food conservation. It is carried out by sharing knowledge sessions and practicing to make silage from greenery and rice straw. The results showed that the Sedyo Mulyo group members had a high understanding of preparing and making silage independently.

Analyzing how Cultivating Positive Emotions Like Joy, Hope, and Empathy can Motivate Individuals to Engage in Community Service and Social Activism

This study explores the role of positive emotions—joy, hope, and empathy—leading people into social action and community service. From the psychological theories of emotional motivation and prosocial behavior, the research is interested in how these emotions contribute to immediate and long-term involvement in causes. The survey-based quantitative approach included 300 adults involved in activism or community service. Measuring happiness, hope, and empathies, the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule PANAS was used. A customized Likert scale survey elicited information on participant's motivation to participate in activism. The statistical techniques conducted were correlation, regression, and mediation analysis to observe that positive emotions showed an effect on the engagement towards activism (r = 0.75 for happiness, r = 0.68 for hope, r = 0.80 for empathy, p < 0.01). Empathy mediated between joy/hope and long term activism; regression analysis indicated that empathy was most predictive of long term commitment (β = 0.30). Whereas joy and hope was the prime movers in short-term activism, it is in that aspect in which empathy actually made long-term participation truly stick together. This does empirically provide evidence to require emotional induction where induction of emotion of empathy seems to make a lot with social activism activation/maintenance at work. Implications: This is very important to nonprofit organizations, activists, as well as policymakers who might look to enhance social participation, as well as long-run dedication to social causes. Further emotional interventions should be researched further; other emotional conditions should be explored for effects in activism, and causal relations with longitudinal studies could be pursued.