Sense Knowledge Research Articles

Irrelevant information enhances a sense of knowledge and curses our understanding of other minds.

This study shows that exposure to topic-related but irrelevant information enhances both estimates of peer knowledge and our own sense of knowledge. In Experiment 1, participants were more confident in their answers to general knowledge questions and gave higher estimates of peer knowledge when such questions were accompanied by short paragraphs containing topic-related yet nondiagnostic information than when they were not. The inflated peer knowledge estimates were independent of the classic curse of knowledge. Experiments 2, 3, 5, and 6 demonstrated that irrelevant information biases knowledge estimation via its semantic relatedness to the test questions; response latencies were measured in Experiments 5 and 6 to examine the possible role of retrieval fluency in the semantic relatedness effect. Experiment 4 attributed the bias to information content (e.g., "it is generally known that keratin is responsible"), not comments on knowledge popularity (e.g., "what is responsible is generally known"). Importantly, the effect of irrelevant information on estimates of peer knowledge was fully mediated by confidence in own knowledge in Experiments 1, 2, 4, and 5. Experiment 6 manipulated retrieval fluency and failed to find conclusive evidence for its involvement in the semantic relatedness effect. We conclude that irrelevant information boosts peer knowledge estimation through its semantic relatedness to the problem at hand, and the effect is mostly explained by a corresponding increase in the individual's own sense of knowledge. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Mixed methods study on foreign early career academics' sense of knowledge and intellectual development

AbstractEmployees' sense of development is an essential component of their well‐being that enhances their work performance. In the Japanese higher education sector, the number of foreign academics has increased considerably due to the strong backing of government initiatives. Although studies have unpacked foreign academics' intercultural challenges and marginalisation experiences, their developmental experiences in host countries have been under‐researched. Thus, this mixed‐methods study examined what explains foreign early career academics' sense of knowledge and intellectual development and how. Both the quantitative and qualitative results indicated collegiality's key role in their development, while the discrepancies between them suggest that their development is better explained by how knowledge is transmitted via three key conditions—access, interpersonal matters and sources—than workplace conditions. Foreign academics' perspectives can contribute to institutional policy development, because they may be aware of the status quo to which locals feel resigned.

Teachers’ perceptions of the impact of teenage pregnancy on learners’ academic performance: a case of selected schools in South Africa

The purpose of this study was to investigate and describe the negative impact of teenage pregnancy on learners’ academic performance in one district of education in South Africa. Teenage pregnancy was argued in the literature as the main source contributor to learners’ low academic performance, especially in disadvantaged schools in South Africa. For example, teenage pregnant learners missed classes owing to absenteeism as they will be visiting clinics. Their performance rate fluctuates as this depends on their periodic mood swing, which they experience from time to time. In some cases, these teenage pregnant learners drop out of schools. The study followed a qualitative research approach where purposive sampling was employed to select two educators per institution from three selected schools. Pseudonyms were used to protect the participants from being known and encouraged them to participate freely. Trustworthiness and ethical considerations were adhered to. Open-ended questions were prepared and administered to the selected educators to find out the impact of teenage pregnancy on scholastic performance.
 The study findings established that a sense of knowledge and respect of rights need to be promoted since these pregnant learners have the right to education and must receive the same education as other non-pregnant learners. The study, reported on this paper, further recommends that all stakeholders should discourage teenagers from watching television with sexual content that might tempt them to engage in sexual activities that can lead to teenage pregnancy, which will end up affecting their academic performance.

The need for trauma training: Clinicians' reactions to training on complex trauma.

Academic training programs for mental health professionals rarely include comprehensive instruction on trauma, consequently leaving clinicians inadequately prepared to provide trauma treatment. The present study sought to: (a) ascertain what percentage of participants had received training in complex trauma and dissociation; (b) examine pre- and posttraining differences in knowledge related to complex trauma populations; and (c) investigate changes in participants' competence and empathy in working with survivors. We examined self-reported changes in knowledge, competence, and empathy regarding individuals with complex trauma among mental health professionals who attended a complex trauma training workshop. Participants provided feedback about previous trauma training experience and areas of additional trauma training that they perceived would be beneficial. Prior to completing the program, 68% of participants reported feeling inadequately trained to assess trauma and 75% felt inadequately trained to treat trauma. Ten percent had not received training in complex trauma and 30% had not received training in treating patients with dissociative symptoms. Participants showed significant increases in knowledge and self-reported competence following the training. They suggested that learning about dissociation and dissociative disorders was the most helpful information gained and that learning more techniques and skills for complex trauma populations would improve their ability to treat this group. The majority of participants felt inadequately trained to treat clients who have experienced complex trauma and experienced dissociation. They reported the trauma training as beneficial in that it increased their sense of knowledge and competence about treating trauma-exposed individuals. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

FACIAL WOUND ASSESSMENT KIT

Facial wounds are a frequent reason for emergency room visits. The goals of laceration repair are to achieve hemostasis, avoid infection, restore function to the involved tissues, and achieve optimal cosmetic results with minimal scarring. Therefore, these cases are most appropriately managed by plastic surgeons who have a thorough knowledge of anatomy, aesthetic sense, and meticulous expertise in atraumatic tissue manipulation, combined with the surgical skill to repair any structure. You need to know what to do and what not to do : whether to suture or leave open. What local anesthesia to use and how. What equipment to use (and have it available beforehand). Whether to give antibiotic therapy and what kind. How to avoid aesthetic or functional after-effects. Which dressing to use depending on the state of the wound. This article will serve as an aid to wound management and review repair techniques for high-risk areas of the face.

Tracking probabilistic truths: a logic for statistical learning

We propose a new model for forming and revising beliefs about unknown probabilities. To go beyond what is known with certainty and represent the agent’s beliefs about probability, we consider a plausibility map, associating to each possible distribution a plausibility ranking. Beliefs are defined as in Belief Revision Theory, in terms of truth in the most plausible worlds (or more generally, truth in all the worlds that are plausible enough). We consider two forms of conditioning or belief update, corresponding to the acquisition of two types of information: (1) learning observable evidence obtained by repeated sampling from the unknown distribution; and (2) learning higher-order information about the distribution. The first changes only the plausibility map (via a ‘plausibilistic’ version of Bayes’ Rule), but leaves the given set of possible distributions essentially unchanged; the second rules out some distributions, thus shrinking the set of possibilities, without changing their plausibility ordering.. We look at stability of beliefs under either of these types of learning, defining two related notions (safe belief and statistical knowledge), as well as a measure of the verisimilitude of a given plausibility model. We prove a number of convergence results, showing how our agent’s beliefs track the true probability after repeated sampling, and how she eventually gains in a sense (statistical) knowledge of that true probability. Finally, we sketch the contours of a dynamic doxastic logic for statistical learning.

ARCHITECTURE OF CREATIVE BECOMINGS: SOU FUJIMOTO

The study investigates Sou Fujimoto's concept of in between, moving geometry of space, Gilles Deleuze's and Felix Guattari's ontology of becoming, Karen Barad's agential realism and Japanese philosophy of living. The starting premise is that is possible to read Japanese space-time concept of being (which is the ground of Fujimoto's architecture) by the language of Deleuze's, Guattari's and Barad's philosophy and vice versa. Hence, the study aims to prove that Fujimoto's architecture can be read as an example of Japanese New Wave that makes departure from Structuralist theoretical thought, that Fujimoto's architecture can be understand as a practice that is in the act of becoming-nature, that is, that Fujimoto's in-between are space-time concepts in a continuous process of becomings. This is about understanding of Fujimoto's architecture as material-discursive practice (or apparatus) of social production of a multitude of sense and meaning, new sensations and sense knowledge. The study identifies several key concepts of Structuralist theoretical thought and relates them to Fujimoto's thinking about architecture, through analysis of his five key examples ( Serpentine gallery pavilion , House NA , House N , Musashino Art University Museum & Library and L'arbre blanc ). Through this analysis study concludes that it is possible to read Fujimoto's concept of spaces-in between by language of Poststructuralist theoretical thought, that is, by ontology of becoming, and that it can be read as operative rather than representative concept, one that leads toward not only emancipation of architecture, but also toward emancipation of the subject, society and culture by architecture. Key words: Japanese New Wave, (Post-)Structuralism, becoming nature, Sou Fujimoto's spaces in

Disturbances of time experience in mental disorders

Experience of time is afield of only little research in psychiatry which is and was often induced by philosophers interested in the human existence in time. This review article underlines the importance to differentiate between several forms of time experience. With respect to current knowledge, there are disturbances of time experience in the sense of knowledge about basal temporal relations only in organic brain disorders, while objective time perception was found to be changed in patients with schizophrenia, but less in those with depression. In contrast, the subjective time feeling seems to be disturbed in several psychiatric diseases. Up to now, however, it is still unclear how especially the subjective time feeling as a psychopathological alteration could be best scientifically investigated, without focusing only on the phenomenological single case level. Therefore, time experience should be studied at different levels of time perception and time feeling in mental disorders combined also with modern neurobiological methods, such as EEG and fMRI, in order to clarify in which specific way changed time experience is present in mentally ill patients and how this could be relevant for the pathophysiology of these illnesses.

The human impact in the age of digital transformation

Issues of negative impact of digital processes on society in general and on people in particular are considered as well as problems of influence of network communications, virtual space, digitalization of education, formation of digital culture on personality. It is argued that in emerging digital society devalued the phenomenon of knowledge in the traditional sense, value and significant in practical terms, is not the possession of knowledge per se, but the ability to buy it, isolate of tremendous information resource, and at a certain time and at scale. There is an analysis and generalization of the transformations generated by the “age of the figure” and affecting humans. The category of “person in his social ipostasis” is chosen for scientific analysis, which allows to better understand the essence of the ongoing transformations, and, most importantly - their social and psychological consequences. The analysis found that the radical transformation of human existence has led to changes both in human psychophysics and in his cognitive, mental, communicative, axiological spheres.

EDITORIAL Building bridges with mixed methods research?

AbstractMixed methods refers to the use of both qualitative and quantitative approaches and methods in one study or sequentially in two or more studies. Without a mixed methods approach there is – to our minds ‐ a risk that only part of a phenomenon or experience is being explored. Our own involvement in mixed methods research has grown out of a shared interest in the concept ‘research‐practitioner’. Psychotherapy is a notoriously complex and ever‐developing field, and our growing sense has been that mixed methods research can contribute to a more complete – both broad and deep ‐ sense of knowledge and understanding.

Modified focusing as a contemplative pedagogy in an MSW research course

ABSTRACT Students working toward a Master’s of Social Work in Israeli colleges must complete a demanding research seminar course, a source of stress for many. Focusing is a contemplative practice that these and other students may use to self-regulate their emotions and better cope with the seminar course and beyond. This qualitative research assessed the impact of introducing a modified focusing approach to 17 MSW students enrolled in a research seminar course at a college in Northern Israel. Participants wrote individual reflections on their experience. Analysis revealed four main themes: turning inward, clear thinking, the body knows (a sense of knowledge), and practical application (a sense of efficacy). The results of this contemplative pedagogy suggest students who learn meditative methods of self-regulation, such as focusing, can shift rapidly from stressful states.

A Study of L2 Learner’s Knowledge of Metonymic Sense of “Hand”

A Study of L2 Learner’s Knowledge of Metonymic Sense of “Hand”

Indonesia in the Eyes of Australians through Media Coverage (A Qualitative Study about How Australians Portrays Indonesia)

Media reality, by far, tends to construct how people see things despite the objective reality. Indonesia, for this case, is a country that is known as its many conflicts and disasters through media coverage globally. Australia, as its neighbour, has also come to have some conclusions about Indonesia through the Australian Media, which then gives a sense of knowledge about Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to acknowledge how Australian Media portrays Indonesian and how the Australians perceive Indonesia because of it. This qualitative research conducted interviews with some Australians that are concerned about Indonesia.The result of the study concludes that the media portrays Indonesia less as a tourists place, even though it was advertised repeatedly but more like an unorganized, chaotic place for pedestrians and commuters. Indonesia is seen as a country full of disasters and conflicts which signals that the country needs a hand from Australia. It is seen as a violent and dangerous place.Despite the media coverage of Indonesia, and their agreement of Indonesia as a chaotic and dangerous place, Australians still consider Indonesia as a beautiful tourist place to go. Most believe that Indonesia is a young nation that is still developing, and as a young nation, it often has many issues, so it tends to be unorganized. The media has succeeded to portray Indonesia as it is.

The Doubt of the Thebans

ABSTRACT This paper examines the purpose of the Socratic case for the immortality of the soul as it is presented in Plato's Phaedo, considering the dialogue through four distinct lenses that show different layers of philosophical intent. This interest in what we can know of death is broadly representative of what we can know of anything unknown, or of knowledge as such. In laying out the pursuit of the answer to this ultimate question, Plato displays the form of the search for knowledge in a larger sense, and reveals something about the way in which doubt, wonder, and certainty are related.

TOWARDS DEVELOPING A DECISION-MAKING TOOL FOR TECHNOLOGY AND KNOWLEDGE PRIORITIES

The main focus of this paper is to propose a method for prioritizing knowledge and technology factor of firms towards sustainable competitive advantage. The data has been gathered and analyzed from two high tech start-ups in which technology and knowledge play major role in company‘s success. The analytical hierarchy model (AHP) is used to determine competitive priorities of the firms. Then knowledge and technology part of sense and respond questionnaire is used to calculate the variability coefficient i.e. the uncertainty caused by technology and knowledge factor. The proposed model is tested in terms of two start-ups. Based on the initial calculation of uncertainties, some improvement plan is proposed, and the method is applied again to see if the uncertainty of knowledge and technology decreases. In both cases, the proposed model helped to have a clear and precise improvement plan and led in reduction of uncertainty.

Analysis and empirical research about the satisfaction related factors of business administration specialty practice teaching in Chinese Medicine Universities

To study the effects of pre-control, central control and post-test management programs on student satisfaction in management practice teaching in TCM University, 57 students in the experimental class of medical marketing were investigated by test tools like questionnaire and self-made satisfaction scale. There is no statistical difference in student satisfaction (P>0.05), no statistical difference in the sense of knowledge (P>0.05). There are statistical differences in the understanding of content, and understanding is higher than unknown satisfaction (P< 0.05). There are statistical differences in the number of preparatory projects before the internship. The more preparatory projects, the higher the satisfaction (P<0.05). There are statistical differences in the number of internship questions. The more preparatory questions, the higher the satisfaction (P<0.05). Quality and satisfaction of enterprise lecturers were correlated (P<0.05). The factors that affect the satisfaction of practice activities of management practice in Chinese medicine colleges include the content of pre-internship, the number of projects and questions for preparation, and the quality of enterprise lecturers.

Influence of Demographic Variables on Skill Development at Campus Recruitment in Engineering Colleges

The term campus recruitment refers to the efforts taken by the organizations or recruiters or the employers to hire the students (candidates) from the campuses of the college which happened in the prior to their graduation. This campus placement programs are mainly given to the students for the purpose of creating job search advantage. With the help of this on-campus job fairs, placement programs the college students can have a good interaction with many potential recruiters and also have the knowledge about the interview process. It also provides the students the better sense of knowledge on his/her employment optionsRecruitment is the process of hunting for the talented employees and filtering and simulating and making them to apply for the work in an organization”.This study helps to resolve what are the demographic factors which influences on skill development in engineering students in Coimbatore.

How Women Use Digital Technologies for Health: Qualitative Interview and Focus Group Study.

BackgroundA range of digital technologies are available to lay people to find, share, and generate health-related information. Few studies have directed attention specifically to how women are using these technologies from the diverse array available to them. Even fewer have focused on Australian women’s use of digital health.ObjectiveThe Australian Women and Digital Health Project aimed to investigate which types of digital technologies women used regularly for health-related purposes and which they found most helpful and useful. Qualitative methods—semistructured interviews and focus groups—were employed to shed light on the situated complexities of the participants’ enactments of digital health technologies. The project adopted a feminist new materialism theoretical perspective, focusing on the affordances, relational connections, and affective forces that came together to open up or close off the agential capacities generated with and through these enactments.MethodsThe project comprised two separate studies including a total of 66 women. In study 1, 36 women living in the city of Canberra took part in face-to-face interviews and focus groups, while study 2 involved telephone interviews with 30 women from other areas of Australia.ResultsThe affordances of search engines to locate health information and websites and social media platforms for providing information and peer support were highly used and valued. Affective forces such as the desire for trust, motivation, empowerment, reassurance, control, care, and connection emerged in the participants’ accounts. Agential capacities generated with and through digital health technologies included the capacity to seek and generate information and create a better sense of knowledge and expertise about bodies, illness, and health care, including the women’s own bodies and health, that of their families and friends, and that of their often anonymous online social networks. The participants referred time and again to appreciating the feelings of agency and control that using digital health technologies afforded them. When the technologies failed to work as expected, these agential capacities were not realized. Women responded with feelings of frustration, disappointment, and annoyance, leading them to become disenchanted with the possibilities of the digital technologies they had tried.ConclusionsThe findings demonstrate the nuanced and complex ways in which the participants were engaging with and contributing to online sources of information and using these sources together with face-to-face encounters with doctors and other health care professionals and friends and family members. They highlight the lay forms of expertise that the women had developed in finding, assessing, and creating health knowledges. The study also emphasized the key role that many women play in providing advice and health care for family members not only as digitally engaged patients but also as digitally engaged carers.

Self-Monitoring and Self-Regulation of University Students in Text Comprehension

Many empirical researches and theoretical studies of the topics regarding the interconnection of the processes of student higher education, self-regulated learning, studying motivation and outcomes, text comprehension have been executed in psychology. However, comparatively small part of them has been connected with text comprehension of the students during educational process, especially the cognitive and metacognitive aspects of it. In this article, a phenomenon of metamemory and its role in self-regulated learning and development of text comprehension skills of students have been characterized. We have determined the direction for future research of self-regulated learning and metacognitive processes in the students’ text comprehension activities and their effective use in the educational process. Study of the metagognitive aspects of self-regulation and metamemory will help to improve self-monitoring and self-regulation of students’ training activity in text comprehension. The article characterizes the term of the metamemory phenomenon and its role in the process of self-regulated training and development of text comprehension skills. We have also distinguished possible directions of future researches in self-regulated training and metacognitive processes of students’ activity that is connected with text comprehension as well as with their efficient usage in the teaching process. The necessity of metamemory learning and the process of knowledge transmission in the monitoring-regulation-learning cycle have been distinguished. Theoretical model of metacognitive combination of metacognitive and cognitive processes such as sense of knowledge, metamemory judgments and their categories have been investigated. The conclusions about necessity of the future advanced study of the metamemory phenomenon and students’ training process self-regulation in text comprehension have been made. Possible directions of future researches in metacognition and self-regulation of university students’ studying activity in text comprehension as well as their efficient implementation into the teaching process have been determined.

Building a Reliable Wireless Medical Device Network

How to design and test the most effective and secure wireless medical device connectivity applications that will provide the true mobility experience that is needed in the 2018 healthcare marketplace. Today’s medical devices will need to be connected to provide the data to the electronic medical record. This connectivity will be either real time or on a non real time basis. In either case; the majority of this data transfer will move toward a wireless medium from a legacy wired connection. The following will discuss best practices for wireless network design based upon application requirements; but also the protection of any data regarding cybersecurity requirements. The author has over three decades of medical device knowledge sense but also two decades of wireless and security integration knowledge sense. The take away is to understand the best practices and how to apply this to product design and the overall enterprise implementation into the healthcare ecosystem of connected devices.