Sense Of Confidence Research Articles

Transformational learning through a women’s outdoor leadership course

ABSTRACT This study considers the impact of Outward Bound UK’s first Women’s Outdoor Leadership Course, as a strategy for addressing the gender imbalance in leadership within the organisation and wider outdoor sector. A qualitative approach was taken in order to examine changes experienced by the women on the course, what contributed to such changes and the significance of the female environment. Analysis taking an initial grounded theory approach led to the use of Transformational Learning Theory as a framework for understanding the data. Results suggest that transformations occurred primarily around confidence and an inner authentic sense of self. Key contributing factors to this were the supportive environment, the focus on learning, challenge and reflection, and relationships with female peers. Findings can be used to inform an explicit theory of change for further women’s outdoor leadership development. More research is needed to understand the sustainability and impact of change.

‘Right here, right now!’: embodied experiences of pop concert participants

ABSTRACT : Despite the proliferation of high-quality recorded live pop concerts in today’s digitalized world, the demand for live pop performances remains strong. Through a case study of Mayday, a popular Chinese- Taiwanese band, this paper conducted qualitative research and collected multiple sources of data through netnography, participant-observation, semi-structured interviews and secondary data to reveal the embodied experience of young participants travelling across China to attend live pop concerts to be ‘right here, right now’. From the perspective of embodied experiences, this study finds that the allure of live pop lies in providing space for participants to be immersed in the body that lets go, to be present, be in unison, and forget. In this way, participants can gain aesthetic pleasure, sense of authenticity, tacit understanding and immersion, which are embodied experiences that cannot be replicated by other musical experiences and digitalization. The paper also provides theoretical and practical considerations for tourism practitioners to improve the experience for both live concert audiences and armchair audiences watching the recorded live concerts at home or in cinemas.

DESIGN THINKING AS A TOOL TO THE TEACHING OF CHILDREN, AND TEACHERS IN THE 21st CENTURY

Children become more motivated to learn when what is presented to them reflects or simulates their own reality, providing a sense of authenticity to education. This article aims to analyse which studies have already been carried out in the scope of the use and teaching of Design Thinking for children in the school environment. In order to achieve this aim, a descriptive exploratory research was conducted, based on the integrative literature review, with the Scopus and Web of Science platforms as the basis. It was noticed that Design Thinking is a valuable tool for the empowerment of children and adolescents, as it stimulates empathy, communication, creativity, and the ability to analyse and solve problems. One point that should be drawn from the articles is that there is few formally structured materials on the use of Design Thinking as a pedagogical practice, which can hinder its more accelerated dissemination. Finally, although interventions are centred on children and adolescents, educators need to realize that they are the primary factor for transformation, through their involvement, dedication, and attitude. Therefore, they need to be qualified, aware of their role as facilitators, guiding in this collaborative journey of critical thinking, and problem-solving in an innovative and future-oriented way.

Review: The Bob Ross Experience. Minnetrista Cultural Center, Muncie, Indiana

Review: <i>The Bob Ross Experience</i>. Minnetrista Cultural Center, Muncie, Indiana

Tourist gazes through photographs

This article investigates the tourism experiences reflected on the photographs according to the tourist gaze theory. Tourists’ experiences are critically examined using the concept of the “romantic gaze” and “collective gaze.” Through qualitative, in-depth photo elicitation interviews (PEIs) guided by their own 185 photographs covering various tourist attractions in Kaleici (Antalya), results indicate similar and dissimilar tourism experiences between romantic and collective gaze. The experiences of tourists are categorized as tangible cultural heritage, intangible cultural heritage, natural heritage, atmosphere, contrast, living species, authenticity, emotion, sensory perception, interest, similarity, and touristic activities. While the feeling of curiosity, difference and interest, a sense of self-awareness, authenticity, and nostalgia are prominent in romantic gaze; tourists with a collective gaze reflect their group, friends, family, similarities and hedonistic feelings (entertainment, consumption, rest and interaction) to the photographs. The tourist gaze, which changes according to the society, social group, and historical period, is built on these differences. There is simply no universal experience that is always available to all tourists. In view of the results of this research, which aims to develop the theory about questioning the tourism experience, which is one of the most important issues for today's tourism marketers in practice through the tourist gaze, theoretical and policy implications are also discussed.

8.O. Workshop: Developmental assets and resilience in gender minority youth: Towards a balanced research agenda

Abstract Since the late 1990s, health inequalities among sexual and gender minority (SGM) youth have been increasingly recognised and investigated. However, most studies have been conducted in North America, while the research landscape in Europe is bleak. Gender minority (e.g. transgender, non-binary, genderqueer and genderfluid) youth receive even less attention than their sexual minority peers (e.g. those identifying as lesbian, gay and bisexual). A growing number of researchers recognise that the studies so far have concentrated on the disproportionate burden SGM youth face across various health outcomes. This maintains a discourse depicting SGM young people as ‘victims' and ‘at risk'. This individualistic approach is problematic because it often fails to consider macro-level determinants of these health inequalities, including societal attitudes towards SGM individuals; processes of structural stigma; lack of visibility and positive role models; and erasure of SGM identities. There is evidence that many SGM youth live happy and balanced lives and have developed resilience in face of adversities. There are developmental assets and positive features associated with being an SGM young person, for instance ‘coming out growth' and a sense of authenticity; support from family and peers; sense of belonging and connectedness to LGBTI+ communities; and civic engagement and community work. We argue that future research should consider these and other developmental assets and positive factors and embrace them in their design. This does not mean that risk factors or existing health inequalities and their determinants (e.g. structural stigma and minority stress) should be downplayed or minimised. A balanced approach is needed, which strives to also understand the empowering factors that contribute to SGM youth resilience, and developmental ‘assets' which help them to grow and flourish. This workshop will present work of key researchers in the area of gender minority youth research in Europe and North America, including findings from evidence synthesis, methodological developments and concrete evidence on developmental assets. The first presentation by Elena Vaughan et al. will showcase a two-phased landscape and knowledge gap study which synthesises European research with SGM youth. Concepcion Moreno-Maldonado et al. will present evidence on how community engagement among gender minority youth in Spain is associated with health-related quality of life. Ashley Taylor et al. will introduce findings from the Canadian Trans Youth Health Survey on the importance of having positive role models for gender minority young people. In the final presentation, Elizabeth M. Saewyc will showcase how gender minority youth were identified in the British Columbia Adolescent Health Survey. Following the presentations, we look forward to discussing the findings and future perspectives on health research with gender minority youth with attendees. Key messages Research on gender minority youth has largely concentrated on risk factors and maintained a ‘victim’ discourse, while developmental assets and sources of resilience receive less attention. Researchers from Europe and North America present evidence on the positive aspects of gender minority young people’s lives and argue for a more balanced perspective for future studies.

Doing transgender ‘right’: Bodies, eroticism and spirituality in khwajasira work

The regulative and oppressive effects of gender norms on bodies of transgender workers have been mostly explored in standard binary gender work settings. We explore the regulative effects of specialized transgender work regimes by posing the following two questions: how do specialized transgendered work regimes regulate transgender work and bodies? and how do transgender workers cope with these regimes? Through a case study of khwajasiras, a community of male-to-female transgender people in Pakistan, we explain how competing and conflicting body ideals of hyper-eroticism, spirituality, and hybridity set by these regimes, allow khwajasiras to transgress the binary gender norms. Ironically, however, these specialized work regimes have their own regulative and oppressive effects on khwajasiras’ bodies and work. We then demonstrate how khwajasiras cope with these regulative effects in three different ways: embracing the body ideals, strategically shifting work and body across the regimes, and relegating body norms as unimportant for being a transgender. We finally argue that these differences in enacting different form of transgenderness is an outcome of a tight coupling or contradiction between audiences, khwajasira community and individual workers’ own sense of transgender authenticity.

“Authority must be on the side of freedom”: The relationship between teachers’ authority and Black and Latinx students’ political agency in challenging racism

ABSTRACT In order to position Black and Latinx youth to challenge racism and other dynamics of oppression, their education must be oriented toward equipping them with the requisite skills and sense of efficacy. This article makes an argument for teachers having to develop a reciprocal sense of authority rooted in their students’ freedom in the face of oppressive systems. Drawing on the author’s previous researchthis paper illustrates that educators who are reflective about their own positionalities, pair the study of racism with resistance strategies, and who make space for students to resist racism, created authentic opportunities for their Black and Latinx students to develop political agency in challenging racism.

Transformative Collaborations

Abstract. The COVID-19 global pandemic has highlighted and exacerbated existing gender-based inequities in the workforce. A research collective developed by academic mothers with young children (“motherscholars”) emerged as a solution to address some of the constraints particularly faced by mothers in academia. The Motherscholar Collective was formed to research the effects of the pandemic on the work and personal lives of academic mothers with young children. Focus group interviews of participants explored how the Motherscholar Collective has provided relief from the sources of threat generated and amplified by the pandemic. Findings showed that participation in the Collective was transformative. Key themes, including flexibility, collaboration, validation, and empowerment, reflect how the Collective contributed to motherscholars' sense of authenticity as scholars by facilitating a harmonious integration of their professional and personal identities. The resulting implications for academic workplaces suggest opportunities for institutional improvement toward the end of transformational empowerment for motherscholars in academia.

Memories of who we are: A preliminary identification of autobiographical memory functions in recall of authentic and inauthentic events

The story of who we are is central to our sense of authenticity and this story is constructed from our autobiographical memories. Yet we know surprisingly little about the functions that autobiographical memories of being authentic serve. This study provides a preliminary examination of the self, social and directive functions used in autobiographical memories of being authentic and inauthentic. Participants recalled times they felt they had been authentic or inauthentic at work. Analyses revealed that the self and directive functions were significantly more prevalent than the social function. In addition, authentic memories were most strongly associated with the self function while inauthentic memories were more likely to be used for the directive function. This may indicate that recall of an authentic experience serves to support one’s current self-identity, while recall of an inauthentic experience provides an opportunity to direct future behaviour towards a more authentic response. This study provides some of the first evidence for how autobiographical memories of being authentic or inauthentic may function in developing a coherent story of self that is needed for a sense of authenticity.

STREAMING SMALL SHARED SPACES: EXPLORING THE CONNECTEDNESS OF THE PHYSICAL SPACES OF MICROSTREAMERS AND THEIR AUDIENCE

This paper examines how microstreamers either intentionally or unintentionally share their intimate physical spaces with audiences. While most streaming research focuses on larger and/or monetized professional streamers, there is emerging research on ‘microstreaming’—streams whose audiences are often as low as single digits—and their importance as smaller, more intimate spaces. Given their casual nature, microstreamers are much less likely to have invested in professional level equipment, or to have dedicated streaming-specific areas of their homes. Some scholars have argued that streaming from intimate spaces such as bedrooms can be considered performative, yet our current research questions the broad applicability of such findings, especially with respect to microstreamers. One way to understand these shared spaces is through the lens of place. Streaming represents an event in which the barriers around the “first place” are intentionally removed, and spectatorship invited. Professional streamers navigate this knowingly and intentionally whereas microstreamers may not – the shared spaces of microstreamers can be understood as an unintentional “leaking” of one’s privately held backstage, made available for consumption by unknown others. In our observations of microstreamers, we note that 1) their environments are multi-purpose, unstaged, and shared with others, 2) these others often interrupt or modify the content of the stream in ways that leverage the space in generating increased authenticity, and 3) these streamers mimic more professionalized streams in amateur ways that again produce a sense of realism and endearment. These elements coalesce to provide a unique sense of authenticity and charm to microstreamer content.

Evaluating the Impact: A Review of NABH Standards in Ayurvedic Hospitals

In recent years, there has been a noticeable surge in the demand for Ayurvedic treatments within the context of medical tourism. This growing trend can be attributed to several factors, including the reputation of Ayurveda for providing quality healthcare and its cost-effectiveness compared to conventional medical treatments. Notably, individuals with uncontrolled neuro-muscular conditions, such as Muscular dystrophy, myopathies, Multiple sclerosis, Myasthenia gravis, Parkinson’s disease, and Autism, are increasingly turning to Ayurveda in search of potential remedies and therapies. The allure of Ayurveda lies in its array of specialized treatments and techniques, including Panchakarma, Yoga, Marma Chikitsa, Ksharsutra, and Rasaushadhi, which are not commonly available in other medical systems. These unique offerings have positioned Ayurvedic hospitals as attractive destinations for medical tourists, with Kerala emerging as a prominent hub for Ayurvedic medical tourism within India. Against this backdrop, the evaluation of healthcare organizations based on their performance and adherence to quality standards has become paramount in the Indian healthcare sector. The National Accreditation Board for Hospitals &amp; Healthcare Providers (NABH) has played a pivotal role in this regard by establishing stringent standards aimed at enhancing the overall health system, fostering continuous quality improvement, and ensuring patient safety. The primary objective of this review is to critically assess the implementation of NABH standards within Ayurvedic hospitals. By delving into the second edition of NABH accreditation standards for Ayurveda hospitals, we aim to provide insights into the extent to which these standards are being embraced and integrated into Ayurvedic healthcare practices. The NABH accreditation standards for Ayurvedic hospitals are comprehensive, comprising 10 chapters, each delineating specific standards and incorporating a total of 590 objective elements. These standards serve as a framework designed to facilitate the delivery of safe, high-quality care within Ayurvedic healthcare settings. It is evident that patients seeking Ayurvedic treatments, particularly within the realm of medical tourism, place a premium on standardized and safe healthcare services. The implementation of NABH accreditation standards in Ayurvedic hospitals not only provides patients with a sense of assurance regarding the quality and safety of their treatments but also elevates the status and significance of AYUSH hospitals within the broader healthcare landscape of India. In conclusion, the convergence of Ayurveda and medical tourism presents a unique opportunity for India to showcase its rich heritage of traditional healthcare systems while simultaneously adhering to modern standards of quality and safety. The NABH accreditation standards serve as a cornerstone in this endeavor, setting benchmarks and driving continuous improvement in Ayurvedic healthcare delivery. As the demand for Ayurvedic treatments continues to grow both domestically and internationally, adherence to these standards becomes increasingly imperative in ensuring the credibility and sustainability of Ayurvedic healthcare practices. In summary, the adoption of NABH standards represents a significant step forward in positioning Ayurveda as a credible and globally recognized form of healthcare, thereby enhancing its appeal and accessibility to patients seeking alternative treatment options.

Associations between pathological eating, relational attitudes and satisfaction in romantic relationships.

Women with disordered eating report low satisfaction from romantic relationships. We wished to examine whether this may be explained in part by a restricted or inflated sense of relational entitlement, pathological concern and low authenticity levels. A community sample of 170 women aged 18-60 (M = 24.89 + 6.22), who had experienced a meaningful romantic relationship, completed questionnaires online. These included measures of disordered eating (EDE-Q), sense of relational entitlement (SRE-R), pathological concern (PCQ), relational authenticity (AIRS) and basic relational needs satisfaction (BNSRS). Structural equation model (SEM) was employed to assess the mediating effect of the SRE-R, PCQ and AIRS on the association between ED symptoms and BNSRS. Participants with high EDE-Q scores tended to score high on inflated and restricted SRE-R, PCQ, AIRS and BNSRS. SRE-R, PCQ and AIRS scores mediated the negative association between EDE-Q and BNSRS scores. An imbalanced sense of relational entitlement, pathological concern and inauthenticity seem to underlie the dissatisfaction that women with disordered eating experience from romantic relationships. Since these relational characteristics seem to take a high toll on the intimate relationships, it is important to encourage healthy eating attitudes and assertiveness within romantic relationships, in life and in therapy. Level III: evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case-control analytic studies.

Toward An Understanding of Plurality: A Case Study of Teaching and Learning English as an International Language (EIL) Approach in an Indonesia Senior High School

In this research study, there were 6 English teachers and two classes (Grade 1 and Grade 2, approximately with 60 students) were interviewed designed to gain an understanding of both English teachers and students’ perspectives on English as international language (EIL). There is a hegemony concepts about English perspective impart among the students and the teachers in this research community, that is native norm is the center, the most prestigious, endowed with a sense of authenticity and authority. These issues make them afraid to make any risk, little faith to apply EIL that created two different worlds of English standard and nonstandard English. From the result of the study, there are some pedagogical Implications of EIL Teaching Approach Contribution in Indonesia. They are EIL teaching required change of mind set in terms of understanding EIL model, the history and English today, and empowering Nonnative English teachers and general Public.

The Subjugation of Women through Lexical Innovation in Margaret Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale

Given the importance of novel formations in science and speculative fiction, the aim of this paper is to analyse a selection of morphosemantic and semantic neologisms that occur in the feminist dystopia The Handmaid’s Tale (1985), namely those items more closely connected with women’s lives. These items are gathered, classified and discussed by resorting to the tools provided by Morphology, Lexical Semantics, Onomastics and Women’s Studies. Therefore, the paper explores how new names for people (Econowives, Offred), activities (Particicution), artifacts (Birthmobile) and places (the Colonies) play a part in the linguistic task of female subjugation. It shows how in a fictional republic where gender roles and religious totalitarianism are taken to extremes, the forms and meanings of words are manipulated to enhance power relations and gender inequality, impose an orthodox frame of mind (comply with the system), and avoid uncomfortable truths. Neologisms provide a sense of authenticity in the narrative and show how language evolves to satisfy various needs, not only pragmatic, but also social, ideological and euphemistic.

SYSTEMATIC LITERATUR REVIEW: Kemampuan Koneksi Matematika Berdasarkan Self Confidence

Various things from previous research studies have been attempted to build mathematical connections and their uses from various types of indicators of mathematical connections and a sense of self-confidence. So the purpose of this study is to classify the types of mathematical connections and students' self-confidence. The method used in this study is the SLR (Systematic Literature Review) method. This study is intended to gain the strength of scientific studies in building a framework of mathematical connection abilities through the types of indicators of mathematical connections that suit the needs and identify self-confidence. The results of the study of several articles on the types of mathematical connections, to build mathematical connection skills, in this study recommend four types of mathematical connections of students, namely: (1) connecting between concepts in one mathematical material, (2) connecting between concepts in the field of mathematics, (3) connecting mathematical concepts with other fields, and (4) connecting mathematical concepts to solve problems in everyday life. Based on the results and discussions that have been described, it can be concluded that self-confidence has a significant effect on students' mathematical connection abilities, so that students' self-confidence has a positive effect on students' mathematical connection abilities.

Students’ Organisational Experience And Their Speaking-Confidence Of English

Joining student organizational activities is positively impacts both extrinsically and intrinsically, such as developing leadership or good speaking skills. Several studies have been conducted to examine the role of student organizations in increasing their confidence when speaking. However, many of these studies rely only on general self-confidence but not in the context of classroom learning. The purpose of this study was to analyze students' speaking confidence in class and the correlation between students' organizational experience and their speaking confidence. This type of research is quantitative research. The population in this study found 35 students. The instrument used in this research is a questionnaire. The technique used to analyze the data is the Pearson Product Moment Correlation to determine the relationship between the independent variable (organizational experience) and the determinant variable (self-confidence). The results of this study indicate that the significance level (0.001) and Pearson correlation = 0.569 (sig = 0.01). This shows a significant relationship between the organization and a high level of self-confidence in class. It can be said that the organizational experience of students can increase their sense of self-confidence.

‘Valorisation’. For a renewed vitality of the monuments

After an introduction comparing the concepts of ‘restoration’ and ‘valorisation’, we go on to examine the limits of modern restoration, in a critical and conservative sense. It is characterised by its methodological openness towards modernity, on the one hand, and thematic openness on the other, relating to a broader category of ‘assets’ than the traditional one, not reserved only for expressions of high historical and artistic value. It then goes on to consider what, although it concerns the world of pre-existence, cannot be defined as restoration and preservation; finally, it considers the methods and tasks of enhancement, which, in its most authentic sense, goes hand in hand with restoration and in some respects follows it, guaranteeing first the conditions for recognition of the asset to be protected, then those of its good management, use and maintenance over time.

INTEGRATING LEARNING OBJECTIVES IN A MULTI-SEMESTER SUSTAINABLE CONSERVATION DESIGN PROJECT FOR FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS DURING A PANDEMIC

Project selection for first-year design courses can be complicated by the limited skill level of students in their first semester of an engineering program and the scalability required for multiple sections and large classes. Additionally, the project must address the course's learning objectives and provide a sense of authenticity to help students understand the role of engineers in society. Afirst-year design course can be seen by students as the ‘introduction to engineering,’ enabling them to decide whether to pursue engineering as a profession or not. In addition to the already taxing demands imposed on a project for a first-year design course, students at the University of Prince Edward Island completed a design project encompassing two engineering courses andcontributed to a scientific research study on bat conservation. Partnering with researchers in the Atlantic Veterinary College, students designed, built, and installed bat houses equipped with sensors to remotely collect temperature, humidity, and the presence of individual bats within the colony. Constructing 21 bat houses promoted conservation efforts of bats across the province and taught students the critical role of engineers in a sustainable society. This paper presents a discussion on project selection for first-year design courses, how the learning objectiveswere met for two first-year design courses during a pandemic, and describe the community partner's role\ throughout the design project.

Fantasy, Fiction, and the Foundations of “Relational Authenticity”: J. M. Barrie'sPeter and Wendyand Søren Kierkegaard'sFear and TremblingRevisited

AbstractThis article examines notions of authenticity, which have traditionally centered on the individual, and explores instead a view of authenticity that is “reciprocal” (Zahavi 2001; Rokotnitz 2014) and “relational” (Gallagher, Morgan, Rokotnitz 2018). Investigating how children may cultivate a sense of authenticity by engaging in two forms of imaginative projection—make-believe play and fictional stories—I explore how the co-constitution of self and other(s) advances the Existentialist project. Anchoring developmental data, philosophical argumentation, and critical analysis in a literary text written for and about children—J. M Barrie's Peter Pan—I unpack how play and fiction may contribute to authentic self-becoming by fostering social interchange and how this dynamic is made available for interrogation in Barrie's novel. The analysis presented here reveals Wendy to be the heroine of Barrie's novel, reconfiguring its implications for literary scholarship, and also explicates why categories first articulated by Søren Kierkegaard, such as “the single individual” (Fear 67), one's “absolute relation to the absolute” (78), and “witnessing” (104), are still worth pursuing in a post-postmodern twenty-first-century context. Above all, I re-define authentic self-becoming as fundamentally and necessarily relational.