Self-enhancement Effect Research Articles

An “all-in-one” and confined self-enhancing Fenton-like membrane reactor for multiple antibiotic treatment in aquatic environment at natural pH

Conventional Fenton oxidation technique utilized for the treatment of antibiotics is plagued by issues such as extra H2O2 requirement and harsh reaction conditions. In this work, an “all-in-one” membrane reactor with H2O2 self-supply and self-catalysis at natural pH conditions for multiplex antibiotic residues degradation was developed by loading bifunctional composite Pt/CuO2 Janus nanoparticles (Pt/CuO2 JNPs) on the surface of the PVDF membrane. Specifically, the Fenton reagents H2O2, which was generated from the decomposition of the functional material CuO2 NPs in a near natural pH condition without extra addition, was synergistic activated by nano-enzyme Pt NPs and Cu2+. This, in turn, greatly improves the practicability of the reactor. Notably, the large number of nanopores present on the surface of the reactor endows it with a confined self-enhancing effect, which could greatly improve its catalytic degradation efficiency of antibiotics. The developed membrane reactor is capable of degradation 97.6 % of chloramphenicol (CAP) residues after several cycles of filtration. The apparent rate constant of the developed membrane reactor for CAP is approximately folded for the bulk reaction system. What’s more, the developed membrane reactor features favorable usability and preservability and superior universality for common antibiotics.

The effect of goal type of user-generated content on consumers' compensatory consumption behavior

PurposeThe purpose of this research is to explore the effect of goal type of user-generated content (UGC) on consumers' intention of within-domain and across-domain compensatory consumption in closed social media platforms, the mediating effect of self-threat, self-enhancement and self-protection motivation and the moderating effect of self-efficacy.Design/methodology/approachFour between-subject experiments were conducted to verify the hypotheses presented in this research. Study 1a had a sample size of 60 respondents and examined the effect of goal type of UGC on compensatory consumption. Study1b replicated the effect by using a sample size of 60 respondents. Study 2 had a sample size of 70 respondents and verified the mediating role of self-threat, self-enhancement motivation and self-protection motivation. Study 3 examined self-efficacy as a critical moderator by using a sample of 255 participants.FindingsStudy 1a and Study 1b demonstrate that UGC with an attainment goal (vs maintenance goal) is more easily produced within-domain and across-domain compensatory consumption. Study 2 verifies that the effect of goal type of UGC on within-domain compensatory consumption is serially mediated by self-threat and self-enhancement motivation, and the effect of goal type of UGC on across-domain compensatory consumption is serially mediated by self-threat and self-protection motivation. Study 3 demonstrates that self-efficacy not only moderates the effects of self-threat on within-domain or across-domain compensatory consumption respectively, but also moderates the whole mediating path structure.Originality/valueThis research extends the understanding of UGC and addresses the inconclusive evidence of the impact of goal type of UGC on consumer compensatory behavior in the context of closed social media platforms. The authors identify the moderating role of self-efficacy, which explains why consumers adopt different compensatory strategies.

Benign (Malicious) Envy and Conspicuous Travel Consumption Intention: Mediating Effects of Self-Enhancement and Self-Control

Although tourism researchers have begun to explore the behavioral effects of envy, there has been limited empirical research on the effects of benign and malicious envies on conspicuous consumption intention in tourism. Based on the integration of cognitive appraisal theory, compensation theory, and self-control resource theory, using two scenario-based questionnaires, this paper applies structural relational and mediation analyses to explore the effects of benign and malicious envies on conspicuous travel consumption intention. The results indicate that benign envy can directly positively influence conspicuous consumption intention, and also can indirectly rely on self-enhancement motivation positively, thereby influencing conspicuous consumption intention. However, malicious envy cannot directly influence conspicuous consumption intention. This envy needs to rely on self-enhancement motivation to have an indirect negative influence and rely on weakened self-control to have an indirect but positive influence. The important theoretical and practical implications of these findings are then discussed.

Supramolecular complex glycoconjugate vaccine generates self-enhancement effects for carbohydrate antigen delivery

Targeting delivery of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen (TACA)-based vaccine to antigen-presenting cells (APCs) mediated by endogenous antibodies can improve the immunogenicity of TACA. However, an essential requirement of this approach is to generate high titers of endogenous antibodies in vivo through pre-immunization, which complicates the immunization procedure and may cause side effects. Herein, we report a new generation of APC-targeting TACA-based supramolecular complex vaccine, assembled by sialyl Thomsen-nouveau-bovine serum albumin-adamantine (sTn-BSA-Ada) and heptavalent rhamnose (Rha)-modified β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) via host–guest interaction. The complex vaccine retained anti-Rha antibodies recruiting capability and facilitated the APCs uptake of the vaccine via the interaction of the Fc-domain with the Fc receptors on APCs. We demonstrate that direct immunization of complex vaccine elicited anti-Rha and anti-sTn specific immune response synchronously, generating a novel self-enhancement effect that can improve the antigen delivery to APCs in high efficacy. The structure–activity relationship (SAR) study proved that complex vaccine 4 with polyethylene glycol 6 (PEG6) linker in host molecule provoked a robust and specific sTn immune response comparable to the pre-immunization approach. The antisera induced by complex vaccine, either through direct immunization or pre-immunization, exhibited equal potency of cytotoxicity against the sTn expression cancer cells. This study provides a general platform for TACA-based vaccines with self-enhancement effects without the need for pre-immunization.

Self-enhancement and negative word-of-mouth intention: Mediating role of vengeance and moderated mediation model of helping other consumers and gender

The aims of this study were (a) to investigate the mediating role of vengeance in the relationship between self-enhancement and negative word-of-mouth (NWOM) intention, (b) to examine the moderated mediation role of helping other consumers, and (c) to test moderated moderation role of gender. The study employs Process Macro software to achieve research aims with the sample of 767 consumers. The results show that (a) vengeance has a partial mediating role in the relationship between self-enhancement and NWOM intention, (b) helping other consumers has a moderated mediation role in this indirect relationship, and (c) the moderated mediation role of helping other consumers is moderated by gender (difference for females) only in the effect of self-enhancement on vengeance. Research is important to understand the antecedents of NWOM.

Prediction Method for RUL of Underwater Self-Enhancement Structure: Subsea Christmas Tree High-Pressure Valve Actuator as a Case Study

Underwater pressure-bearing structures are produced in practice by means of pressure self-enhancement methods in order to improve the stress distribution and enhance the pressure-bearing performance. On the other hand, the pairs equation shows that stress is an important factor influencing the degradation of the structure. In fact, improving the stress distribution will not only improve the pressure-bearing performance, but will have an impact on the life degradation trend. Thus, pressure self-enhancement affects the structural life by changing the stress distribution. With this in mind, this paper considers the effect of pressure self-enhancement on the service time of subsea structures, and a Bayesian network (BN)-based method that can be used to predict the remaining useful life (RUL) of underwater self-enhanced structures is proposed. The method also takes into account the influence of multiple sources of structural factors in order to predict the RUL of the structure more accurately. The life degradation process of an all-electric Christmas tree valve actuator is used as a case study. The prediction results are compared with data in the literature to verify the validity of the method. The results have implications for guidance on the O&M assurance of underwater production systems.

Thinking About Distant Future Self Leads to Better Current Task Performance Through Higher Future Self-Appraisals

Abstract. People tend to appraise their distant future self better than their near future self ( future self-enhancement effect). An open question is whether this tendency has implications for current performance. In two sets of experiments ( N = 554), after envisioning their near or distant future, participants made future self-appraisals and performed an anagram task. We observed that future self-enhancement effect leads to better task performance, regardless of whether the future self was appraised in an absolute (Experiment 1a) or comparative (Experiment 1b) way. Experiment 2a additionally revealed that future self-enhancement effect might facilitate better task performance through increased current self-evaluations. In each study, future self-enhancement effect suppressed the negative, direct impact of envisioning one’s distant (vs. near) future on task performance.

Heat transfer enhancement by employing inserted plate in turbine blade internal cooling channel

A novel method by employing an inserted plate in turbine blades internal cooling channel is presented for the first time in this study, which can extend cold surfaces for radiation and therefore enhance total heat transfer and improve heat transfer uniformity. The coupled convective and radiative heat transfer in the rotating channel is numerically explored. The mechanisms of heat transfer enhancement are revealed by analyzing the flow and heat transfer for five channel models. Influences of the thermal conductivity and the thickness of the inserted plate, as well as pertinent parameters including the Reynolds number, the rotation number, and the wall heat flux are also investigated. The results indicate that, comparing the novel model (Model 2B) which inserts the plate parallel to the leading and trailing walls and considers radiation with the existing model (Model 1A) which doesn't insert the plate and consider radiation, the total Nusselt number ratio and the performance evaluation criterion increase by 73.77% and 23.77%, respectively. Besides, the maximum and average temperature dramatically decrease by 209.05K and 77.87K, respectively. The heat transfer difference between the leading and trailing walls caused by the Coriolis force is significantly reduced. And the self-enhancement effect of this method is demonstrated.

Heat transfer enhancement by inserting a radiation enhancement plate in turbine blade internal cooling channel

A novel method of inserting a radiation enhancement plate in a turbine blade internal cooling channel is established in this paper. It can extend cold surfaces for radiation and thus enhance total heat transfer. Numerical investigations are carried out to explore the flow and coupled convection and surface radiation in the rotating channel for different channel models. The results indicate that the model inserting the radiation enhancement plate roughed with W-shaped ribs (model D) exhibits the highest cooling performance. Compared with the existing channel model (model A), the total Nusselt number ratio and the performance evaluation criterion increase by 90.53% and 21.67%, respectively, and the maximum and average temperature decrease by 339.80 K and 73.07 K, respectively. In addition, the heat transfer difference between the leading and trailing walls caused by the Coriolis force is remarkably reduced. Influences of pertinent parameters including the Reynolds number, the rotation number, the wall heat flux, and the wall emissivity are also investigated. It is demonstrated that the method has an excellent self-enhancement effect.

Electrochemiluminescence sensor based on graphdiyne quantum dots functionalized MOF-derived ZnO with self-enhancing effect for the detection of radical scavenging drugs

Graphdiyne oxide quantum dots (GDYO QDs), as derivatives of graphdiyne (GDY), have excellent biological activity due to their active acetylene units. MOF-derived ZnO (M-ZnO) not only can enhance the capacity of GDYO QDs through the huge surface area, but also can be served as the co-reaction promoter. In addition, the ECL intensity of GDYO QDs @M-ZnO modified electrode is five times larger than that of GDYO QDs modified electrode alone. Thus, GDYO QDs @M-ZnO is first applied to construct electrochemiluminescence sensor for radical scavenging drugs detection, due to the radical scavenging drugs can reduce the ECL signal of GDYO QDs. The ECL sensors are used to detect the radical scavenging drugs such as troxerutin, vitamin C, metformin hydrochloride, respectively, which have excellent sensitivities, good specificities, reproducibilities, and stabilities. This ECL sensor has potential application in radical scavenging drugs.

The true role that suppressor effects play in condition-based regression analysis: None. A reply to Fiedler (2021).

Condition-based regression analysis (CRA) is a statistical method for testing self-enhancement effects. That is, CRA indicates whether, in a set of empirical data, people with higher values on the directed discrepancy self-view S minus reality criterion R (i.e., S-R) tend to have higher values on some outcome variable (e.g., happiness). In a critical comment, Fiedler (2021) claims that CRA yields inaccurate conclusions in data with a suppressor effect. Here, we show that Fiedler's critique is unwarranted. All data that are simulated in his comment show a positive association between S-R and H, which is accurately detected by CRA. By construction, CRA indicates an association between S-R and H only when it is present in the data. In contrast to Fiedler's claim, it also yields valid conclusions when the outcome variable is related only to the self-view or when there is a suppressor effect. Our clarifications provide guidance for evaluating Fiedler's comment, clear up with the common heuristic that suppressor effects are always problematic, and assist readers in fully understanding CRA. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Dual-wavelength electrochemiluminescence biosensor based on a multifunctional Zr MOFs@PEI@AuAg nanocomposite with intramolecular self-enhancing effect for simultaneous detection of dual microRNAs

Rapid parallel detection of multi-targets has always been an exploration aim in electrochemiluminescence (ECL) assays. Herein, a multifunctional nanocomposite of Zr metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) @PEI@AuAg nanoclusters (NCs) with intense and stable dual-wavelength ECL was synthesized for the first time, and used to construct a new ECL biosensor for rapid simultaneous detection of dual targets. Notably, the novel ECL emitter Zr MOFs with high-performance was not only integrated with a co-reactant polyethyleneimine (PEI) to form a unique intramolecular self-enhancing structure, but also loaded a large number of another ECL emitter AuAg NCs, furthermore, AuAg NCs with superior electron transfer property can much enhance the electrical conductivity of the composites, thus achieving the goal of “killing three birds with one stone”. Moreover, a unique stable and rigid three-dimensional DNA tetrahedron (TDN) structure was connected with two quenching probes BHQ1 and BHQ3 and immobilized on the composites-modified electrode, so ECL emission of the nanocomposites at two wavelengths of 535 nm and 644 nm were both quenched by resonance energy transfer (RET). In the presence of target miRNAs, the efficient DNA cycling double-amplification processes were performed by using exonuclease (T7 Exo) combined with DNA Walker, thus both quenching groups were separated to restore the ECL at two wavelengths, achieving simultaneous and rapid ECL detection of two miRNAs. Therefore, this present work not only opens a unique nanocomplex with dual wavelength ECL and self-enhancing performance, but also develops a highly sensitive ECL biosensor with promising value for rapid multi-target analysis in clinical fields.

Positive Feedback From Customer Reviews: The Self-enhancement Effect

Proper pricing strategy is a key component in hotel revenue maximization but determining the right room rate is not an easy task. Although many advanced revenue management systems have been introduced for hoteliers to optimize room rates and inventory allocation based on expected demand, hoteliers keep adjusting their expectations and pricing based on various external factors. Using the theory of performance feedback, this study attempts to analyze the role of positive customer review feedback on hoteliers’ pricing decisions in cases where hoteliers find that their actual financial performance is lower than expectation. The quantitative analysis of 63,492 US properties in monthly observations found that positive customer reviews moderate the relationship between negative RevPAR performance feedback and pricing decisions. The findings of this study add valuable insights to the debate regarding the role of customer reviews in the hospitality industry.

Saving Local Restaurants: The Impact of Altruism, Self-Enhancement, and Affiliation on Restaurant Customers’ EWOM Behavior

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many restaurants faced a shift from a dine-in based service model to a takeout-based model. As a result of the qualitative differences between dine-in and take-out experiences, there was a corresponding change in customers’ electronic word of mouth (EWOM) behavior. While pre-pandemic EWOM behavior relied on dine-in specific factors such as décor, lighting, and employee interactions, take-out dining relies less on these types of atmospheric elements to drive post-consumption evaluations. Accordingly, the purpose of this research was to explore the drivers of take-out dining EWOM by examining the effects of altruism, self-enhancement, and restaurant affiliation. Using the psychological framework of Underdog Theory, the results showed that both self-enhancement and altruistic motives result in positive EWOM, but that this relationship was moderated in important ways based on whether the restaurant was independently owned or part of a chain.

Effects of Self-congruence, Self-enhancement, and Delight on Tourists’ Patronage Intentions, and Moderating Roles of Personality Propensities

ABSTRACT We investigate factors affecting tourists’ intentions to revisit and recommend a travel site they visited before. The results indicate that delight (i.e., holistic emotional evaluation), more so than satisfaction, determines revisit and referral intentions. We also find that delight is affected by the extent to which one perceives his/her travel experience to have engendered self-enhancement. The assessment of self-enhancement is significantly influenced by both real and ideal self-congruence judgments. In addition, we examine the roles of variety-seeking and the need for uniqueness on tourists’ patronage intentions. We find that the higher variety-seeking and the need for uniqueness, the more likely one will revisit and recommend the site he/she visited before.

Self-enhancement photoelectrochemical strategy for kanamycin determination with amino functionalized MOFs.

Based on theself-enhanced photoelectrochemical qualityof Cu-MOF-NH2, a photoelectrochemical biosensor for kanamycin detection with aCu-MOF-NH2 modified electrode was constructed. This biosensor took full advantage of the low electron hole recombination rate due to the ligand-to-metal charge-transfer mechanism of excited electron transfer in Cu-MOF-NH2. The kanamycin aptamer was modified onto Cu-MOF-NH2 by Schiff base reaction. In the presence of kanamycin, the holes on the amino group in Cu-MOF-NH2 oxidize kanamycin, making kanamycin itself as a signal enhancement substance, and achieving the effect of self-enhancement. The dynamic monitoring range for kanamycin is 0.5 to 650nM, and the detection limit is 0.1nM. The sensorhas been successfully applied to the determination of kanamycin in fish with recoveries of 95.7-105.0% and RSD of 1.5-4.0%. This work provides a broad path for the development of self-enhanced photoelectrochemical sensors.

The influence of perception of luck on consumers’ behavior and its theoretical explanation

<p id="p00005">The behaviors of pursuing luck have been widely existing in a great many aspects of human social life from the past to the present, among them many manifested as consumer behaviors, and can be explained by the theoretical achievements regarding the effects of perception of luck on consumer behaviors. However, few extant studies systematically reviewed the relevant literature, to some extent which has restricted research efforts and marketing practices in this area. In this paper, we summarized five categories of consumer behaviors: risk-taking, uniqueness seeking, contagion effects, attitude towards product with luck meaning, lucky consumption. Furthermore, we pointed out theoretical explanations which from various perspectives uncover the linkage and reasoning behind the perception of luck and consumer behavior: attribution theory, personality trait theory, cognitive priming theory, the theory of counterfactual thinking, social comparison theory, the theory of locus of control and heuristics theory. To start with, by the lens of attribution theory, luck is viewed as an external and unstable factor that determines personal success. Comparing to attribution theory, the theory of personality trait attaches more attention to the internal and stable aspect of perception of luck and holds that the influence of perception of luck can be unchanged over time and situation, if people believe that they possess lucky disposition or lucky characteristics. Thirdly, the theory of cognitive priming admits the long-term accessibility of perception of luck in individuals, it also underlines the activation of perception of luck by situational factors. Additionally, both counterfactual thinking and social comparison emphasize the role of "comparison", but the difference lies in the objects of comparison: counterfactual thinking proposes that the perception of luck comes from the comparison of results of before and after an event. Contrarily, social comparison theory posits that the perception of luck arises from the downward comparison of self and others in a society. This comparison can produce a self-enhancing effect, and affect consumers’ behavior in subsequent purchase. Finally, the common point of locus of control theory and heuristics is that both of them place weighs on the influence of lucky perception on consumer decision, especially when the external environment is highly uncertain. Nevertheless, the difference is yet very distinct. Specifically, the former focuses on the role of perception of luck played to compensate the sense of control. It holds that, in order to gain illusion of control to a highly involved thing, people are more likely to purchase lucky products. The later, however, believes that luck is applied as a shortcut for decision-making of a purchase, the more complex the situation, the more likely consumers are to simplify their decisions through heuristics. In the final part of the paper, we give three suggestions to the further research: to deepen the mechanism of perception of lucky, to expand the boundary conditions, and to examine both the advantages and disadvantages of luck consumption. Specifically, other theories might be inspiring to understand the relationships between the perception of luck and some certain consumer behaviors, such as coping theory and cognitive processing theory. Furthermore, the possible moderator variables might be worth to notice——social norm, impression management, usage scenario of product, and product types. At last, including advantages of luck consumption, another two types of consequence research also are promising: the disadvantages of luck consumption and the tradeoff between positive and negative results set off by perception of luck.

Authenticity or Self-Enhancement? Effects of Self-Presentation and Authentic Leadership on Trust and Performance

We theorized and tested an integrated model that examines the simultaneous effects of authentic self-expression and self-enhancement (including authentic and exaggerated self enhancement) on employee outcomes. Using a multisource, two-wave survey design and a sample of 143 working groups from 566 employees, we tested the indirect effects of self-presentation on job performance through (a) trust from coworkers and (b) felt trust from coworkers. We found that through trust from coworkers, authentic self-expression had a positive indirect effect on job performance, whereas authentic and exaggerated self-enhancement had negative indirect effects. Via felt trust from coworkers, authentic self-enhancement had a positive indirect effect on job performance, whereas exaggerated self-enhancement had a negative indirect effect. In addition, we identified a boundary condition of these relationships. The positive relationship between authentic self-expression and trust from coworkers and the negative relationship between exaggerated self-enhancement and trust from coworkers were stronger when working for highly authentic leaders. Contrary to expectations, the relationship between authentic self-enhancement and trust from coworkers was negative and significant when working for less authentic leaders.

How much can you learn in one year? How content, pedagogical resources, and learner’s age influence beliefs about knowledge acquisition

Three studies examined the intuitions of 290 children (ages 5–11) and 126 adults about knowledge acquisition in different content domains (mechanistic, psychological and skill knowledge) over one year. In experiment 1, even young children (5–7) adjusted their estimates of knowledge acquisition as a function of content domain, pedagogical support, and age of learner. All ages believed more could be learned from an expert than by trial and error experimentation; and that an older learner (21) would surpass a younger one (9). Children were more optimistic about how much knowledge could be acquired; and unlike adults, viewed psychological understanding as easiest to master. In experiment 2, young children’s optimism was maintained for learners their same age (5–7), but not for toddlers. In experiment 3, all ages showed self-enhancement effects. Although generally optimistic about knowledge acquisition, young children draw important distinctions between content domains, learning contexts, and ages of learners.

Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Effects on the Porcine Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Include Enhanced Expression of TNF Receptor 1.

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) has been shown to impair the intestinal barrier, inducing and maintaining inflammatory states of the intestine. The aim of the current study was to analyze functional, molecular and regulatory effects of TNFα in a newly established non-transformed jejunal enterocyte model, namely IPEC-J2 monolayers. Incubation with 1000 U/mL TNFα induced a marked decrease in transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER), and an increase in permeability for the paracellular flux marker [3H]-D-mannitol compared to controls. Immunoblots revealed a significant decrease in tight junction (TJ) proteins occludin, claudin-1 and claudin-3. Moreover, a dose-dependent increase in the TNF receptor (TNFR)-1 was detected, explaining the exponential nature of pro-inflammatory effects, while TNFR-2 remained unchanged. Recovery experiments revealed reversible effects after the removal of the cytokine, excluding apoptosis as a reason for the observed changes. Furthermore, TNFα signaling could be inhibited by the specific myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) blocker ML-7. Results of confocal laser scanning immunofluorescence microscopy were in accordance with all quantitative changes. This study explains the self-enhancing effects of TNFα mediated by MLCK, leading to a differential regulation of TJ proteins resulting in barrier impairment in the intestinal epithelium.