Background: Diabetes mellitus is a common health problem in this world, causing a huge burden for individuals, families, and communities. It is a clinical syndrome characterized by hyperglycaemia due to absolute or relative deciency of Insulin. Methods: A cross-sectional study carried out among 530 type 2 diabetic mellitus patients in rural eld practice area of Tamil Nadu. The objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of risk factors for Type 2 diabetes mellitus among the population in rural areas of Tamil Nadu. Data was analyzed using the SPSS version 20.0 software. Results: Among the 530 people were studied in age group of 20–70 (aged 45 ± 18.7 years). Majority (48%) were more than 50-70 years of age. In this study, 272 of the participants were female and 258 were male. In relation to residence area, 412 (78%) were Rural people and 118 (22%) were Urban people. The data result was expressed as mean and standard deviation. A probability value is less than 0.05 and it was considered statistically signicant. The risk factors of physical inactivity, Illiteracy, Mixed diet, Stress, hypertension, overweight/obesity, Tobacco smoking, Alcohol intake, Family history of diabetes and Sedentary workers were investigated. Conclusions: It concluded that the prevalence and risk factors of type 2 diabetic mellitus is high. It is required to reduce the trouble for rising type 2 diabetic mellitus in the society. The risk factors were signicantly associated with the high rate of complications of diabetes. It is suggests that on focusing of interventions to prevent and control the type 2 diabetic mellitus.