Physioprophylaxis of spinal pain syndromes – systematic review

Abstract

The aim of the presented article was the review and analysis of the current literature on back pain syndrome physioprophylaxis in various age and professional groups and inathletes. Five electronic databases (PubMed, Physiotherapy Evidence Database / PEDro, Google Scholar, Science Direct and Scopus) were searched. From 115 selected records authors presented various therapeutic and prophylactic options, such as: manual therapies, exercises to strengthen the muscles stabilizing the lumbar spine, stretching exercises, yoga, pilates, the possibility of using orthopedic equipment, learning appropriate work ergonomics, maintaining the correct body posture, elements of cognitive-behavioral therapy and various types of multidisciplinary programs combining individual elements. 8 scientific papers were qualified for the final analysis. Then, the selected articles were assigned to particular levels of physioprophylaxis (described in the resolution of the National Council of Physiotherapists of May 2019). The timely physiotherapeutic and physioprophylactic measures have been found effective and may be helpful in the recovery process and back pain reduction. Among the described preventive interventions, the research was dominated by such elements as: education related to proper work ergonomics, exercises improving the stability of the trunk by activating deep muscles and making soft tissues more flexible. Physical activity was a m recurring element in each study, we can thus conclude that it is the leading tool supporting human well-being and health. It also allows you to minimize the negative effects resulting from bad movement habits, overload, long stay in the same positions, as well as a long-term sedentary or physical work. Conclusions. On the basis of the collected material, it is not possible to indicate one form of intervention / therapy that brings the best results in back pain reduction. There is a lack of works related to the highest level of prevention, the f so-called early physioprophylaxis (with a universal level of impact, targeted at the entire population) is dominated by works focusing on the treatment and support of the treatment of back pain syndromes in various risk groups and diseases.