Search Items Research Articles

A Practice-based Methodology on Conducting a Collaborative Scoping Review with PRISMA-ScR Model for the Separated Refugee Youth Project

Considering the novelty of the area of a 2-year study on impact of family loss and separation on refugee youth in Toronto, the research team decided to conduct a scoping review of the existing literature as a foundation document that included the extent, range, geography, and nature of research on the topic of interest.
 A collaborative co-design approach for this review bought in wisdom from relevant stakeholders. Arksey and O’Malley’s framework was modified for this scoping review that substantively identified the extent and magnitude of past research, research gaps, and best practice models for conducting such exploratory research on novel ideas. This framework yielded desired output, such as selection and characteristics of sources of evidence, critical appraisal within sources of evidence, and synthesis of results for the next steps of the research. Prudent researchers and professionals in this area of research, service provider agencies, and a university librarian were consulted. The PRISMA-ScR model saved time and ensured the appropriate yield of the search items. The quality of the review process was evaluated by the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) Qualitative Studies Checklist tool.
 This article displays a practical example of how the scoping review process was instrumental in a community-based research project with separated refugee youth to generate the foundational evidence for broader research. This quality-embedded process of collecting and charting data for a scoping review is transferable to similar research initiatives. The flexibility and reproducibility of this review method are commendable.

Rapid Evidence Review of Community Engagement and Resources in the UK during the COVID-19 Pandemic: How Can Community Assets Redress Health Inequities?

Community engagement, such as participating in arts, nature or leisurely activities, is positively associated with psychological and physiological wellbeing. Community-based engagement during the COVID-19 pandemic facilitated informal and local mutual aid between individuals. This rapid evidence review assesses the emergence of community-based arts, nature, music, theatre and other types of cultural engagement amongst UK communities in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we focus on all community engagement with a sub-focus on provisions accessed by and targeted towards vulnerable groups. Two hundred and fifty-six resources were included that had been created between February 2020 and January 2021. Resources were identified through Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, MedRXic, PsycharXiv and searches for grey literature and items in the public domain. The majority reported services that had been adapted to become online, telephone-based or delivered at a distance from doorsteps. Several quality assessment frameworks were used to evaluate the quality of data. Whilst a number of peer-reviewed, grey literature and public domain articles were identified, less than half of the identified literature met quality thresholds. The pace of the response to the pandemic may have meant that robust evaluation procedures were not always in place.

Negative cues minimize visual search specificity effects

Prior target knowledge (i.e., positive cues) improves visual search performance. However, there is considerable debate about whether distractor knowledge (i.e., negative cues) can guide search. Some studies suggest the active suppression of negatively cued search items, while others suggest the initial capture of attention by negatively cued items. Prior work has used pictorial or specific text cues but has not explicitly compared them. We build on that work by comparing positive and negative cues presented pictorially and as categorical text labels using photorealistic objects and eye movement measures. Search displays contained a target (cued on positive trials), a lure from the target category (cued on negative trials), and four categorically-unrelated distractors. Search performance with positive cues resulted in stronger attentional guidance and faster object recognition for pictorial relative to categorical cues (i.e., a pictorial advantage, suggesting specific visual details afforded by pictorial cues improved search). However, in most search performance metrics, negative cues mitigate the pictorial advantage. Given that the negatively cued items captured attention, generated target guidance but mitigated the pictorial advantage, these results are partly consistent with both existing theories. Specific visual details provided in positive cues produce a large pictorial advantage in all measures, whereas specific visual details in negative cues only produce a small pictorial advantage for object recognition but not for attentional guidance. This asymmetry in the pictorial advantage suggests that the down-weighting of specific negatively cued visual features is less efficient than the up-weighting of specific positively cued visual features.

Search asymmetry in periodical changes of motion directions

We often need to search for an object in a dynamic environment. However, there remains a limited understanding of search processes responding to dynamic inputs of stimuli, especially regarding the mid-level stages of our visual processing hierarchy. In this study, we investigated whether and to what extent search asymmetry is observed between a search for a directionally changing item among constantly drifting items and vice versa. We found a significant search asymmetry in which a search for a directionally changing target among constantly drifting distractors was fairly efficient, while a search for a constantly drifting target among directionally changing distractors was drastically inefficient. We compared these results with other cases of search for a color-changing item among color-constant items and vice versa. These results suggest that directional changes are not a guiding attribute, but they are processed differently depending on whether they are assigned as a target to be found or distractors to be rejected; in the latter case, observers have difficulty rejecting them as distractors. We propose that the significant search asymmetry reflects the period of time during which directional changes are temporarily inaccessible to the visual system when deciding between a distractor and a target.

Kanser Kemoterapisini İnceleyen Bilimsel Makalelerde DNA'ya Karşı Kolajen Algısının Değerlendirilmesi: Kollajen Temelli Yaklaşımlar için Çıkarım

Objective: Although cancer chemotherapy has been used for more than seventy years, its definitive mechanism of action is not known. Many studies indicate that beyond DNA the collagen connective tissue matrix is also affected. This database analysis aims to determine the extent of DNA versus collagen perception in scientific papers indexed under PubMed. Materials and methods: The PubMed database scanned on September, 15, 2021 using following keywords and combinations; "cancer", "cancer chemotherapy", "cancer chemotherapy AND damage”, “chemotherapy AND mechanism AND damage”, "chemotherapy AND clinical" as nominator. The number of items found for each search was proportioned in terms “DNA versus collagen” and the ratio was accepted as the perception shift coefficient. Results: Tested with the p1-p2 analysis to calculate the difference between the two proportions in both search items. Based on the main rule under the assumption that “all cells have DNA and all cells live in the collagen matrix”. In the p1-p2 analysis of the data, a significant (p <0.001) difference was obtained for all dichotomy scans. Conclusion: This data analysis supports the argument that both cancer and chemotherapy perception is DNA-based rather than collagen, since the synthesis and degradation process of very slow; it is not possible to observe it in short term studies. Chemotherapy should be further analyzed by this manner in purpose of collagen matrix.

An Investigation into the Construct of Translation Students' Information Literacy

This study is the first paper to investigate Turkish translation students’ information literacy, with particular focus on the steps ranging from problem detection to (un)acceptable solutions to detected problems. The paper investigated the construct of translation students’ information literacy by describing their information retrieval trajectory in view of (1) need for information, (2) search locations by gender, source type, and search items’ structures, and (3) search results by search items, participants’ genders, search items’ structures, and search locations. Due to the recent prominence of electronic media as translators’ workbenches, this research was primarily focused on online information retrieval skills. A screen-recording program, Camtasia Studio, was employed to monitor the participants' information mining process. SPSS – a statistical software program – was used to gain insight into the relationships between the operationalized parameters. The sample comprises ten fourth-year translation undergraduates, selected through convenience sampling.

Advancements in the Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review of the Literature.

Triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) are aggressive tumors that are more common in young women, African American populations, and those with hereditary mutations. These tumors are notable for their high recurrence rate and predilection for chemoresistance. The goal of this narrative review is to describe the current treatment options for patients diagnosed with TNBC and to review the studies that have put forward these recommendations. We searched PubMed and Cochrane databases for free full-text, English-language studies published within the last several years pertaining to the search items “triple negative breast cancer” and “treatment”. We included clinical trials and retrospective reviews that had clear designs and assessed their findings against a gold standard or placebo and included evidence of overall response and/or survival outcomes. Patients with early-stage (I-III) TNBC still benefit from treatment with chemotherapeutic regimens involving anthracyclines, taxanes, and antimetabolites. Platinum-based therapies have been shown to improve the overall pathologic complete response (pCR), but there is conflicting evidence with regard to their contribution to disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS), even with the addition of a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor. Patients with residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgical intervention have shown a significant improvement in OS when treated with adjuvant capecitabine. The high mutation burden in metastatic TNBC (mTNBC) allows for targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors. mTNBCs that express programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) receptors may achieve improved response and survival if their regimen includes a monoclonal antibody. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) can deliver high doses of chemotherapy and significantly impact survival in mTNBC regardless of the level of biomarkers expressed by the tumor cells. PARP inhibitors significantly improve survival in newly diagnosed, treatment-naive mTNBC, but have shown mixed results in patients with a history of previous therapy. PARP inhibitors may also target patients with somatic breast cancer (BRCA) and partner and localizer of BRCA-2 (PALB2) mutations, which would allow for more options in this subset of patients. While other rare targets have shown mixed results, the future of treatment may lie in anti-androgen therapy or the development of cancer vaccinations that may increase the immunogenicity of the tumor environment.The management of TNBC includes treatment with multimodal chemotherapy, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and ADCs. The optimal approach depends on a multitude of factors, which include the stage of the tumor, its unique mutational burden, comorbid conditions, and the functional status of the patient. Physicians should be familiar with the advantages and disadvantages of each therapy in order to appropriately counsel and guide their patients.

Effect of long-term antihypertensive therapy on myocardial strain: a meta-analysis.

Evidence on the impact of blood pressure (BP)-lowering drugs on left ventricular (LV) mechanics in hypertension is still limited. We performed a meta-analysis of speckle-tracking echocardiographic studies in order to provide a new piece of information on this topic. The PubMed, OVID-MEDLINE, and Cochrane library databases were analysed to search for articles published from the inception up to 31 October 2021. Studies were identified by using MeSH terms and crossing the following search items: 'myocardial strain', 'left ventricular mechanics', 'speckle tracking echocardiography', 'systolic dysfunction', 'left ventricular hypertrophy', 'systemic hypertension', 'BP lowering drugs,' 'antihypertensive therapy'. A total of 1140 hypertensive patients (mean age 55.4 years, 50% men, follow-up 6-36 months) were included in eight studies. Pretreatment and posttreatment pooled SBP/DBPs were 148.4 ± 3.5/88.7 ± 2 vs. 127.4 ± 1.9/77.8 ± 0.9 mmHg. Corresponding values for ejection fraction (EF), LV mass (LVM) index, and global longitudinal strain (GLS) were 64 ± 2.3 vs. 65.9 ± 1.7% (SMD: 0.14 ± 0.03, CI 0.08- 0.20, P = 0.001); 108.4 ± 11.2 vs. 100.2 ± 11.0 g/m2 (SMD: -0.27 ± 0.10, CI -0.46 to -0.08, P < 0.01); -17.7 ± 0.6 vs. -19.6 ± 0.4%, (SMD 0.26 ± 0.03, CI 0.20-0.32, P < 0.0001), respectively. A meta-regression analysis showed a significant relation between GLS improvement and the extent of reduction of LVMI (P = 0.0003), but not of SBP (P = 0.27). Our meta-analysis suggests that antihypertensive treatment has a clear beneficial effect on LV mechanisms, and the improvement in GLS is mainly related to the reduction in LVMI rather than SBP.

An Exploration of e-Cigarette-Related Search Items on YouTube: Network Analysis.

Backgrounde-Cigarette use among youth is high, which may be due in part to pro–e-cigarette content on social media such as YouTube. YouTube is also a valuable resource for learning about e-cigarette use, trends, marketing, and e-cigarette user perceptions. However, there is a lack of understanding on how similar e-cigarette–related search items result in similar or relatively mutually exclusive search results. This study uses novel methods to evaluate the relationship between e-cigarette–related search items and results.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to apply network modeling and rule-based classification to characterize the relationships between e-cigarette–related search items on YouTube and gauge the level of importance of each search item as part of an e-cigarette information network on YouTube.MethodsWe used 16 fictitious YouTube profiles to retrieve 4201 distinct videos from 18 keywords related to e-cigarettes. We used network modeling to represent the relationships between the search items. Moreover, we developed a rule-based classification approach to classify videos. We used betweenness centrality (BC) and correlations between nodes (ie, search items) to help us gain knowledge of the underlying structure of the information network.ResultsBy modeling search items and videos as a network, we observed that broad search items such as e-cig had the most connections to other search items, and specific search items such as cigalike had the least connections. Search items with similar words (eg, vape and vaping) and search items with similar meaning (eg, e-liquid and e-juice) yielded a high degree of connectedness. We also found that each node had 18 (SD 34.8) connections (common videos) on average. BC indicated that general search items such as electronic cigarette and vaping had high importance in the network (BC=0.00836). Our rule-based classification sorted videos into four categories: e-cigarette devices (34%-57%), cannabis vaping (16%-28%), e-liquid (14%-37%), and other (8%-22%).ConclusionsOur findings indicate that search items on YouTube have unique relationships that vary in strength and importance. Our methods can not only be used to successfully identify the important, overlapping, and unique e-cigarette–related search items but also help determine which search items are more likely to act as a gateway to e-cigarette–related content.

Morphological combinatorics of folk diminutives in the lullabies of Greek, Serbian and Ukrainian languages

The article focuses on morphological models of combinatorics of diminutive suffixes in lullabies in Modern Greek, Serbian and Ukrainian. A method of computer and targeted sampling of folklore diminutives in lullabies in the studied languages was developed.The "Multi Text Finder" software was adapted for computer and targeted sampling of diminutive suffixes in electronic texts of lullabies in Modern Greek, Serbian and Ukrainian and their search was performed according to the following algorithm: search location (document) was selected; diminutives in each language were loaded to search; words with diminutive suffixes were searched; the automatically selected units that are not the object of the scientific research were sorted out. The advantages of the used computer programme proved to be the following: the ability to search multiple word elements, support of basic document formats (TXT, DOC, RTF, etc.), integration with Windows Explorer, preview of search items, good search speed, user-friendliness.It was established that adding diminutive suffixes to the stem causes combinatorial morphological changes that occur due to the interaction of phonemes because of their distribution. As a result of the interaction of two adjacent phonemes (stem final and diminutive suffix) one of them may feature changes of: qualitative (accommodation, assimilation, dissimilation) or quantitative (simplification, lengthening and contraction) character. The comparative analysis helped to find out that morphological combinatorial changes are almost uncharacteristic of masculine diminutives in Modern Greek and neuter diminutives in Serbian. As for the feminine gender, combinatorial changes occur in all three languages. In Modern Greek the unique characteristic is the addition, which is a combinatorial morphological change, created by joining the feminine suffix -οπούλ-α and the neuter suffix -άκι to the stem.

Correlation Between Circulating Adropin Levels and Patients with PCOS: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

An increasing number of young women suffer from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Reasonable diagnosis and monitoring are important steps in the treatment of PCOS. Therefore, we performed an updated meta-analysis between adropin levels and PCOS to identify their relationship. We searched 8 databases (Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, CBM, clinicaltrials.gov, OpenGrey) for relevant studies using the following search items: 'PCOS or polycystic ovary syndrome or Stein-Leventhal syndrome' AND 'adropin'. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals(CIs) were used as the outcomes. Data were analyzed using Revman 5.3, Stata 16, and MetaXL. Nineteen articles were include in this meta-analysis. The PCOS group had significantly lower adropin levels than the healthy groups (SMD = -2.79ng/ml, 95%CI (-3.42, -2.16), p < 0.00001). Significant publication bias (p < 0.05) was observed; additionally, the results were robust based on metatrim and fail-safe number (Nfs). Meta-regression analysis showed that age, glucose ratio and luteinizing hormone (LH) may be sources of heterogeneity (univariate meta-regression analysis: P = 0.058 vs P = 0.026 vs P = 0.091). Furthermore, BMI, insulin, glucose, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) may be closely related to adropin levels (p < 0.05) owing to meta-analysis of correlation coefficient. We found there was a correlation between adropin levels and PCOS: circulating adropin levels were significantly lower in patients with PCOS than healthy controls, which may be helpful for clinical diagnosis and detection of PCOS.

Comparing the temporal dynamics and efficacy of task-relevant and task-irrelevant memory-driven attention.

People's attention is well attracted to a stimulus matching their memory. For example, when people are required to remember the color of a visual object, stimuli matching the memory color powerfully capture attention. Remarkably, stimuli with the shape of the memory object, that is, irrelevant-matching stimuli were also found to capture attention. Here, we examined how task relevance affects the temporal dynamics and the strength of memory-driven attention. In the experiment, participants performed a visual search task while maintaining the color or shape of a colored shape. When participants were required to memorize the color of the memory sample, the shape of the sample stimulus is task-irrelevant feature and vice versa. Importantly, while a search item matching working memory in the task-relevant dimension was presented for one group of participants, an irrelevant-matching search item appeared for the other group of participants. Further, we varied stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) between the memory sample and search items. We found that relevant-matching stimuli captured attention regardless of whether the SOA was short or long. However, attentional capture by irrelevant-matching stimuli depended on the SOA; no memory-driven capture was observed at the shortest SOA, but significant capture was found at longer SOAs. Further, the capture effects by relevant-matching stimuli were greater than that of irrelevant-matching stimuli. These findings suggest both task-relevant and -irrelevant features in working memory affect the attentional selection in visual search task, but its temporal dynamics and strength are modulated by the task-relevance.

Diversion of Attention Leads to Conflict between Concurrently Attended Stimuli, Not Delayed Orienting to the Object of Interest.

The control processes that guide attention to a visual-search target can result in the selection of an irrelevant object with similar features (a distractor). Once attention is captured by such a distractor, search for a subsequent target is momentarily impaired if the two stimuli appear at different locations. The textbook explanation for this impairment is based on the notion of an indivisible focus of attention that moves to the distractor, illuminates a nontarget that subsequently appears at that location, and then moves to the target once the nontarget is rejected. Here, we show that such delayed orienting to the target does not underlie the behavioral cost of distraction. Observers identified a color-defined target appearing within the second of two stimulus arrays. The first array contained irrelevant items, including one that shared the target's color. ERPs were examined to test two predictions stemming from the textbook serial-orienting hypothesis. Namely, when the target and distractor appear at different locations, (1) the target should elicit delayed selection activity relative to same-location trials, and (2) the nontarget search item appearing at the distractor location should elicit selection activity that precedes selection activity tied to the target. Here, the posterior contralateral N2 component was used to track selection of each of these search-array items and the previous distractor. The results supported neither prediction above, thereby disconfirming the serial-orienting hypothesis. Overall, the results show that the behavioral costs of distraction are caused by perceptual and postperceptual competition between concurrently attended target and nontarget stimuli.

Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Disease: A systematic review of 29 prospective studies with 1,249,644 participants, published in the last 20 years

Aim: The fact that the role of various dietary patterns on cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence has not yet been well established, reveals the need to estimate the association of dietary patterns and CVD risk. Material and Methods: A review of English language articles, archived in PubMed (2000-2021) was performed. Additional studies were identified by searching the bibliographies of the eligible articles at the start of the review. Search items included: coronary heart/cardiovascular disease, dietary patterns, diet, Mediterranean, DASH, prudent, western, vegan, plant-based. Only prospective cohort studies with adult participants that had no underlying disease at baseline were included. Independent extraction of articles by 2 authors using predefined data fields, including study quality indicators. Guidelines of the Prisma statement were kept. Results: 1,249,644 participants and 31,709 CVD fatal or non-fatal events were observed out of 29 studies that were included. The Mediterranean, the DASH-style, the Prudent, and the Plant-based dietary patterns were consistently associated with reduced risk of a CVD event, while the western dietary pattern was associated with an increase or did not show any significant relationship with CVD outcomes. Conclusions: Based on the present findings and the fact that the role of diet has been underestimated in CVD prevention guidelines, a dietary pattern rich in fruits and vegetables, whole grains, nuts, fish, and vegetable oils, with alcohol in moderation, if at all, and avoids red and processed meats, refined carbohydrates, foods and beverages with added sugar, sodium, and trans, should be further promoted.

Aplikasi Monitoring Peralatan, Bahan Laboratorium Menggunakan Metode Sequential Search di Laboratorium Mikrobiologi dan Genetika UNAS

The Faculty of Biology at the National University has a Microbiology and Genetics laboratory which is used for practicum activities, research, and fieldwork lectures. At the analysis stage, problems were found, namely in recording the use of equipment and materials used by students for research activities still using conventional methods, this resulted in delays in managing and conveying information. Adequate lecture facilities are an important aspect in helping the teaching and learning process. Based on the background of the problem, the author aims to make the equipment monitoring process more efficient, using Android-based devices. The author uses the Sequential search method in the process of monitoring equipment in the laboratory. This research was tested using black-box testing and white box testing by distributing questionnaires conducted using a Likert scale with a value range of 5 to 25 student correspondents with an average value for software testing = 4.6; Interface = 4.44; Software features = 4.32; item search feature = 4.08; with the final mean = 4.09.

Improved constrained social network rating-based neural network technique for recommending products in E-commerce environment

In the modern world, the essentiality in the utilization of the e-commerce contents like movies, music and electronic goods becomes indispensable with diversified items searched over the internet. The relevant results of the items search are made feasible through the enforcement of filtering techniques since it determines relevant data for recommendation of an item. A diversified number of filtering schemes are available of filtering the data instead of accessing each data available on the internet for deriving associated results. The data access and efficiency, the process of identifying relevant results based on users’ preferences is challenging task. In this paper, the proposed Constrained Social Network Rating-based Neural Network Technique (CSNR-NNT) is presented with the key significances and implementation processes. This proposed CSNR-NNT significantly concentrates on the exploration of trustee information that aids in social content persuading selection process for facilitating superior recommendation. The proposed CSNR-NNT scheme utilized the benefits of neural learning for ensuring recommendation through the incorporation of distrust and trustee relation. This proposed CSNR-NNT scheme also aids in categorizing the positive and negative recommendation of the trustee based on the process of the prediction.

Group Testing with Error-Correction Capability for General Pandemics

Based on a recently presented approach to non-adaptive group testing in terms of residuated pairs on Boolean lattices, we extend our investigation into group testing to the noisy case.In this context, several concepts and techniques from traditional Coding Theory over finite fields need to be adapted and refined. We will touch a variety of relevant notions and concepts and provide some first sporadic examples of error-correcting group testing schemes.The possible applications are diverse and reach from simple search of defective items in production chains to mass testing under pandemic conditions.

Assessing Time Gap between Alveolar Cleft Repair and Dental Implant Placement: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Orthodontic treatment is commonly undertaken in cleft patients for space closure in cleft region. However, it is only able to achieve 50%-75% closure, resorting to use of dental prosthesis in form of removable or fixed partial dentures. Dental implant-based rehabilitation provides a suitable solution however their success depends on the quality and quantity of the residual bone. Resorption of bone graft is a known scientific fact and thus, it is important to know the minimum time after which the implant can be placed so that the grafted bone is minimally lost. However, this time gap between final bone grafting and implant placement in cleft patients has not been well established. Aim: To determine whether the clinical and/or radiological success of dental implant-based rehabilitation depends on the time elapsed between the last grafting procedure and dental implant placement in cleft region with missing permanent teeth in a unilateral or bilateral alveolar cleft patient. Materials and Methods: The systematic review was registered in PROSPERO (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews) via registration number CRD42020187709. Systematic review was done at GSR Institute of Craniomaxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, between March 2020 to July 2020 wherein articles in electronic databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, (Literatura LatinoAmericana de Ciencias da Saude), Cochrane Library and Google scholar, published between January 2011 to February 2020 were searched. Combination of Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms used included “cleft palate”, “cleft lip”, “alveolar bone grafting”, and “survival” as some of the key terms. Additional information was sought by contacting the corresponding authors. Search items included were cleft, alveolar bone grafting and dental implants. Only studies with details of time gap between last grating procedure and implant placement were included. Data extraction was done independently by two authors using pre-defined fields. Results: Total of 12 studies were included wherein 255 dental implants were placed in 180 patients. In patients undergoing tertiary grafting, a time of 0 to 26 months was given prior to implant placement while in patients where tertiary grafting was not done, a time of 24 to 144 months was seen between two procedures. A high implant success of 95%-100% was seen irrespective of the grafted bone. The JBI (Joanna Briggs Institute) tool of risk of bias assessment was used. Low level of evidence was presented by case reports and case series. Conclusion: In case of tertiary grafting, a healing period of 3-6 months was seen to be sufficient for successful implant treatment however, a need for more comprehensive studies was recognised due to lack of mutual assessment parameters and shared information in the currently reviewed literature.

Impact of Artificial Intelligence in the Physiotherapy Rehabilitation of Distal Radial Fracture Patients: A Review

Background: Physiotherapy is the desired therapeutic intervention for the recovery of fractures and discomfort associated with bones. In certain cases the patient may suffer from extreme pain because of sudden jerks or injuries. The goal of this review was to map out the available literature on virtual reality in distal radius fracture rehabilitation across physiotherapy disciplines.&#x0D; Methods: An extensive and systematic search of the following databases was undertaken- Embase, Cochrane Library, PEDro, and CINAHL. The MeSH search items used were articles with “artificial intelligence, “machine learning” “virtual reality” “physiotherapy”. Articles were identified if they described an intervention which is considered within the scope of a physiotherapist and targeted those with DRF.&#x0D; Results: Total 35 were initially procured from which 26 articles were included, out of which 13 were observational, 6 Randomized Control Trials, 2 qualitative, 2 surveys and 3 systematic reviews. Only 9 studies focused explicitly on physiotherapy interventions.&#x0D; Conclusion: The results of there view indicate that there is insufficient evidence to direct physical therapists in the treatment of individual with distal radius fracture using artificial intelligence.

Efficacy and safety of sevoflurane vs propofol in combination with remifentanil for anesthesia maintenance during craniotomy: A meta-analysis.

Background:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of sevoflurane-remifentanil (SR) vs propofol-remifentanil (PR) as inhalation anesthesia or total intravenous anesthesia in patients undergoing craniotomy, respectively.Methods:Electronic databases included PubMed, ScienceDirect, Embase, Cochrane library, CNKI, and Wanfang data were searched using suitable search items. Randomized clinical controlled trials comparing the combination of SR and PR as anesthetics for neurosurgery were included. The outcomes included wake-up time, spontaneous respiration time, extubation time, and safety.Results:Seventeen studies were included in this meta-analysis. There were no statistically significant differences in wake-up time (P = .25, standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.29, 95% CI –0.20 to 0.77), extubation time (P = .1, SMD = 0.52, 95% CI –0.11 to 1.14) and spontaneous respiration time (P = .58, SMD = 0.43, 95% CI –1.07 to 1.93) when patients with SF and PF for anesthesia maintenance. Moreover, the changes of hemodynamic parameters are similar between the 2 groups. During anesthesia maintenance, SF could significantly increase the incidence of hypotension and brain edema than PF (P = .02, SMD = 1.68, 95% CI 1.07 to 2.62; P < .0001, SMD = 3.37, 95% CI 1.86 to 6.12), PF markedly promoted the incidence of hypertension (P = .001, SMD = 0.55, 95% CI 0.39 to 0.79). The postoperative adverse reactions were similar between the 2 groups (P > .05), but the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting proved to be higher in SF group (P < .0001, SMD = 2.12, 95% CI 1.47 to 3.07).Conclusions:SR and PR as anesthetics in patients underwent craniotomy had similar effects, but PR was superior to SR in terms of safety of intraoperation and postoperation.