Search Items Research Articles

Connecting form with function: Model texts for bilingual learners’ narrative writing

The linguistic influence of first language (L1), finding the appropriate words or expressions in the target language, and the lack of genre awareness are the major challenges for second language (L2) writers. For many English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students in secondary educational settings, narrative writing is an important genre in the English education curriculum. In this paper, we introduce an Expert Narrative Texts Corpus that provides EFL learners whose L1 is Chinese with model texts to address the above challenges in their narrative writing. Three key features of the tool are identified, namely, cross-linguistic comparisons for bilingual writers, model texts by expert writers, and learning to search. Taking these three key features into consideration, this paper also explores the pedagogical values of the corpus, through which bilingual writers can draw upon their L1 language resources, explore appropriate expressions within authentic example sentences, and search for both lexical items and rhetorical patterns.

Complex background information slows down parallel search efficiency by reducing the strength of interitem interactions.

In the laboratory, visual search is often studied using uniform backgrounds. This contrasts with search in daily life, where potential search items appear against more complex backgrounds. In the present study, we examined the effects of background complexity on a parallel visual search under conditions where objects are easily segregated from the background. Target-distractor similarity was sufficiently low such that search could unfold in parallel, as indexed by reaction times that increase logarithmically with set size. The results indicate that when backgrounds are relatively simple (sandy beach with water elements), search efficiency is comparable to search using a solid background. When backgrounds are more complex (child bedroom or checkerboard), logarithmic search slopes increase compared to search on solid backgrounds, especially at higher levels of target-distractor similarity. The results are discussed in terms of different theories of visual search. It is proposed that the complex visual information occurring in between distractors slows down individual distractor rejection times by weakening the strength of interitem interactions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

ЕКСТРАЛІНГВАЛЬНІ ОСОБЛИВОСТІ АМЕРИКАНСЬКОГО ПОЛІТИЧНОГО ДИСКУРСУ

American political discourse continues to arouse considerable interest among scholars of various disciplines, and constant emergence of new publications on this topic is a strong evidence for that. The prerequisite for such popularity to this type of speech activity is, on the one hand, the use of advanced communicative technologies of language nature, and, on the other hand, the outstanding personalities of the US politicians themselves. Undoubtedly, the main way to wage a political struggle with opponents for the favor of voters is to use various linguistic means: communicative strategies and tactics, stylistic devices, lexical units with pragmatic potential inherent at the semantic level, prosodic elements. However, when composing these elements in order to realize speakers’ communicative intentions, politicians and their speechwriters should take into account a number of extralinguistic factors historically formed by American society, which significantly affect the construction of political texts. The purpose of the article is to identify, describe and systematize such factors. The material for the analysis is the corpus of election speeches of the main candidates for the US presidency in 2020, Joe Biden and Donald Trump compiled from texts taken from the website The American Presidency Project. Speech processing, lexical items search, and access to context have been carried out using the corpus management software AntConc 3.4.4. In order to identify the relationship between extra-linguistic factors and the means of realizing their influence on the recipients, pragmatic and contextual analyzes of election speeches have been applied. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the identification and description of a complex of socio-cultural, historical and technological factors of a non-linguistic nature that influence the selection of tactics, topics and vocabulary of US political processes participants.

Global enhancement of target color-not proactive suppression-explains attentional deployment during visual search.

The current study touches on a central debate in the area of attention: how the human brain handles distraction by salient stimuli. The idea of proactive suppression proposes a new fundamental perceptual mechanism to resolve this question, whereby attentional capture by a task-irrelevant salient distractor can be preempted through top-down inhibitory mechanisms. In this study, we replicate empirical effects underlying this claim, but show that they are better explained by an alternative mechanism, global target-feature enhancement. Identical to original studies using a capture-probe dual-task design, observers recalled fewer letters superimposed upon color singleton distractors, relative to other irrelevant search items (fillers). However, given that fillers (but not singleton distractors) always matched the color of the target, this effect could have been due to global featural attention to the target color rather than suppression of the singleton distractor. After manipulating the color of fillers such that they no longer matched the target color, probe recall associated with these was reduced, causing the relative "suppression" of singleton distractors to be abolished. We then manipulated the color similarity of targets and fillers, and found that filler probe recall was graded as a function of this color similarity, even within a single search context. This strongly suggests that increased attention to fillers due to global target color enhancement underlies the difference in attention among distractor items, not proactive distractor suppression. In contrast with feature enhancement and reactive suppression, the proposed proactive suppression mechanism still lacks convincing behavioral evidence. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

The effects of eccentricity on attentional capture

Visual attention may be captured by an irrelevant yet salient distractor, thereby slowing search for a relevant target. This phenomenon has been widely studied using the additional singleton paradigm in which search items are typically all presented at one and the same eccentricity. Yet, differences in eccentricity may well bias the competition between target and distractor. Here we investigate how attentional capture is affected by the relative eccentricities of a target and a distractor. Participants searched for a shape-defined target in a grid of homogeneous nontargets of the same color. On 75% of trials, one of the nontarget items was replaced by a salient color-defined distractor. Crucially, target and distractor eccentricities were independently manipulated across three levels of eccentricity (i.e., near, middle, and far). Replicating previous work, we show that the presence of a distractor slows down search. Interestingly, capture as measured by manual reaction times was not affected by target and distractor eccentricity, whereas capture as measured by the eyes was: items close to fixation were more likely to be selected than items presented further away. Furthermore, the effects of target and distractor eccentricity were largely additive, suggesting that the competition between saliency- and relevance-driven selection was modulated by an independent eccentricity-based spatial component. Implications of the dissociation between manual and oculomotor responses are also discussed.

Assessing the time course and magnitude of different forms of attentional priming.

Priming of attentional selection involves speeded selection of task-relevant visual search items when search stimuli remain constant between trials. Various paradigms involving different features have been used to study the nature of this priming. The tasks differ greatly in difficulty and the neural mechanisms involved, raising the question of how easily priming on one feature dimension can be used to draw conclusions about priming on another. Here, this was addressed by contrasting time courses and relative sizes of priming effects for the repetition of a lower-level and higher-level feature (color vs. facial expression). Priming was tested in two odd-one-out search tasks, one involving discrimination (experiments 1A and 1B), the other a present/absent judgment (experiments 2A and 2B). The main question was how similar the size and temporal profiles of priming are for the two features. The sizes of the priming effects were very different for color and expression and color priming effects lasted for much longer than expression priming (measured with memory kernel analyses), suggesting that the mechanisms behind the effects differ in their operational principles. Different forms of priming should only be compared with great caution and priming seems to occur at many levels of processing. Priming should be thought of as a general principle of perceptual processing.

Basic approach to poisoning focusing “Toxidrome”

Background: The term “toxidrome” is derived from the term “toxic syndrome.”A toxidrome is a constellation of signs and symptoms that are seen with particular classes of poisons. Methods: A systematic review of English literature was done with search item naming toxidrome and or basic approach to poisoning. Search engine was multiple leaded by pubmed having mesh term of toxidrome. The journal sites of asiajol and banglajol was also searched for related topics. Personal communication with toxicology related paper was also applied during the process. Results: All of the toxidromes can be identified using the a quick “toxicological physical exam.” No laboratory tests are necessary! The toxicologic physical exam focuses on the following components: Vital Signs, behavior like sleepy, normal, euphoric, agitated ? Pupils whether small, normal, big? Mucus membranes like checking the axillae whether it is dry, normal, wet?Bowel sounds to see whether it is decreased, normal, increased? There are 7 toxidromes that the emergency physician should be able to recognize and treat.These include: The anticholinergic toxidrome, cholinergic toxidrome, opioid toxidrome, opioid withdrawal toxidrome, sedative-hypnotic toxidrome, sedative-hypnotic withdrawal toxidrome, and sympathomimetic toxidrome. Beside these, two additional toxidrome has recently been introduced, one is serotonergic toxidrome and neuroleptic malignant toxidrome. Patients who take several substances may have a mixed toxidrome. For example, a patient who “speedballs” cocaine and heroin may have features of both the opioid and sympathomimetic toxidromes. Conclusion: Like all clinical syndromes, patients almost never exhibit every single feature of a particular toxidrome. When diagnosing a patient with a specific toxidrome you are looking for the one which best fits. Bangladesh J Medicine 2023; Vol. 34, No. 2(1) Supplement: 185-186

Survivorship and Etiologies of Failure in Single-stage Revision Arthroplasty for Periprosthetic Joint Infection: A Meta-analysis

Single-stage revision arthroplasty for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) may yield comparable infection-free survivorship with two-stage revision arthroplasty. It is unclear if the most common mode of failure of single-stage revision arthroplasty is infection or aseptic loosening. In this meta-analysis, we sought to (1) determine survivorship and (2) compare rates of different etiologies of failure of single-stage revision total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analyses guidelines search was done using search terms for "single stage revision," "exchange arthroplasty," "periprosthetic infection," "PJI," and "single stage." Patient demographics such as age, body mass index, and mean follow-up time were recorded. Overall survivorship and rates of revision surgery were aggregated using a random-effects model. Comparison of septic and aseptic loosening rates was done by risk difference and associated 95% confidence interval (CI) calculation. Twenty-four studies were identified with 2,062 and 147 single-stage revision THA and TKA procedures performed between 1984 and 2019, respectively. The weighted mean follow-up and age were 69.8 months and 66.3 years, respectively, with 55% men overall. The all-cause revision surgery rate was 11.1% and 11.8% for THA and TKA, respectively. The revision surgery rate secondary to infection and aseptic loosening and associated 95% CI for the risk difference for THA and TKA was 5.5% and 3.3% (-1.7% to 5.0%), and 3% and 8.8% (-11.4% to 2.3%), respectively. Revision surgeries due to instability and fracture combined and mortality rate were both less than 3%. Single-stage revision THA and TKA for PJI demonstrated overall high rates of survivorship, low mortality, and revision surgeries secondary to infection and aseptic loosening to be equivalent. Aseptic loosening after single-stage revision TKA might be higher than in primary TKA. As implant survivorship from infection improves in PJI, surgeons should be aware of aseptic loosening as an equally common mode of failure.

Implementasi Data Mining Pada Penjualan Pakaian dengan Algoritma FP-Growth

The amount of competition in the business world, especially in the sales industry, required developers to find a strategy that could increase sales and marketing of products sold, one of which was using clothing sales data with data mining. Data Mining was an iterative and interactive process to find new patterns or models that can be generalized for the future, valuable, and understandable in a massive database. HAS Stores in the arrangement of goods layout still place goods according to groups and types of goods, so that it has an impact on service and item search when consumers want to buy more than one item and are located far apart. Therefore, this study aims to apply the FP-Growth Algorithm to find out the most sold clothing sales at HAS Stores in Batam city. This study uses the Association Rule method by utilizing the FP-Growth Algorithm. This study aimed to apply the FP-Growth Algorithm to determine the most sold clothing sales at HAS Stores in Batam city. Through the mining process with the FP-Growth (Frequent Pattern Growth) algorithm, the types of clothes sold will be obtained, and how much inventory the store needs to provide the clothing stock. The results showed that the most sold clothing products were Gamis and Jilbab through the calculation of support 53,33% and confidence 100%. Regarding these results, marketing strategies can be focused on the product and set a layout that customers can easily see.

TINJAUAN FAKTOR PENYEBAB DUPLIKASI PENOMORAN REKAM MEDIS DI RS PANTI WALUYO SURAKARTA


 
 
 
 Introduction: The numbering system at Panti Waluyo Hospital Surakarta is a Unit Numbering System where one patient gets one medical record number. In 2021, there were 94 duplicate medical record documents.
 Objectives: This study aims to determine the factors that cause duplication of medical record numbering at Panti Waluyo Hospital, Surakarta.Methods: The type of research used is descriptive research with a cross sectional approach to data collection by observation and interviews, purposive sampling, research instruments using interview guidelines and observation guidelines, data processing using collecting, editing, and presenting data in a description.Results: the factors that cause duplication of medical record numbering are the man factor due to the inaccuracy of the officer, the material factor because the patient does not bring the KIB, the machine factor because the patient card printing machine is having trouble and the method factor already has a patient numbering SPO and patient registration flow. The impact on the patient's medical history is unsustainable, uneconomical, and the filing shelves fill up quickly. To minimize duplication, the efforts made are guided by SOPs, patient education to bring KIB, maintenance of patient card printing machines, adding data search items on SIMRS and merging medical record numbers.Conclusions: Factors causing duplication of medical record numbering at Panti Waluyo Hospital are caused by man, material, machine and method factors. The author suggests that registration officers should communicate with patients, check patient data and immediately merge medical record numbers in case of duplication.
 
 

Forecasting Molecular Features in IDH-Wildtype Gliomas: The State of the Art of Radiomics Applied to Neurosurgery.

The fifth edition of the WHO Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS), published in 2021, marks a step forward the future diagnostic approach to these neoplasms. Alongside this, radiomics has experienced rapid evolution over the last several years, allowing us to correlate tumor imaging heterogeneity with a wide range of tumor molecular and subcellular features. Radiomics is a translational field focused on decoding conventional imaging data to extrapolate the molecular and prognostic features of tumors such as gliomas. We herein analyze the state-of-the-art of radiomics applied to glioblastoma, with the goal to estimate its current clinical impact and potential perspectives in relation to well-rounded patient management, including the end-of-life stage. A literature review was performed on the PubMed, MEDLINE and Scopus databases using the following search items: "radiomics and glioma", "radiomics and glioblastoma", "radiomics and glioma and IDH", "radiomics and glioma and TERT promoter", "radiomics and glioma and EGFR", "radiomics and glioma and chromosome". A total of 719 articles were screened. Further quantitative and qualitative analysis allowed us to finally include 11 papers. This analysis shows that radiomics is rapidly evolving towards a reliable tool. Further studies are necessary to adjust radiomics' potential to the newest molecular requirements pointed out by the 2021 WHO classification of CNS tumors. At a glance, its application in the clinical routine could be beneficial to achieve a timely diagnosis, especially for those patients not eligible for surgery and/or adjuvant therapies but still deserving palliative and supportive care.

Veterinary Naturopathy and Complementary Medicine: A Survey among Homepages of German Veterinary Practitioners

Background: The use and interest in veterinary naturopathy and complementary medicine are increasing and modes of treatment are diverse. To this point, only a few data on the German situation in small animal medicine exist. Material and Methods: An online research of 1,083 German veterinary homepages for contents of veterinary naturopathy and complementary medicine was performed in September and October 2017. “Veterinarian” and “Chamber of Veterinary Surgeons” were used as search items. Homepages of small animal medicine were included. They were surveyed for modes of complementary and naturopathic treatments and corresponding qualifications of the offering veterinarian. Data were collected and processed using Excel 2013 Version 15.0. Afterward, a descriptive data analysis was performed. Results: 60.7% (n = 657) of homepages showed contents of veterinary naturopathy and complementary medicine. The highest percentage was found in the Chamber of Veterinary Surgeons of Saarland (91.7%, n = 11 out of 12). Homeopathy was cited most frequently (58%, n = 381). Out of all homepages with relevant content, 31.4% (n = 206) gave information about user qualifications, with continuous education programs named most frequently (52.9%, n = 109). Conclusion: The given data illustrate the high number of German veterinary homepages with contents of veterinary naturopathy and complementary medicine, corresponding to actual data of a high usage in veterinary and human medicine. Therefore, further scientific research in this field seems reasonable. Modes of treatment and qualifications are highly diverse and despite of controversial public discussions, homeopathy was the most frequently cited treatment modality on German veterinary homepages.

Mirror blindness: Our failure to recognize the target in search for mirror-reversed shapes.

It is well known that visual search for a mirror target (i.e., a horizontally flipped item) is more difficult than search for other-oriented items (e.g., vertically flipped items). Previous studies have typically attributed costs of mirror search to early, attention-guiding processes but could not rule out contributions from later processes. In the present study we used eye tracking to distinguish between early, attention-guiding processes and later target identification processes. The results of four experiments revealed a marked human weakness in identifying mirror targets: Observers appear to frequently fail to classify a mirror target as a target on first fixation and to continue with search even after having directly looked at the target. Awareness measures corroborated that the location of a mirror target could not be reported above chance level after it had been fixated once. This mirror blindness effect explained a large proportion (45-87%) of the overall costs of mirror search, suggesting that part of the difficulties with mirror search are rooted in later, object identification processes (not attentional guidance). Mirror blindness was significantly reduced but not completely eliminated when both the target and non-targets were held constant, which shows that perfect top-down knowledge can reduce mirror blindness, without completely eliminating it. The finding that non-target certainty reduced mirror blindness suggests that object identification is not solely achieved by comparing a selected item to a target template. These results demonstrate that templates that guide search toward targets are not identical to the templates used to conclusively identify those targets.

Sistem inventaris berbasis web di workshop Teknik Elektro

This inventory information system provides several facilities that can be used by the manager, including: input of item data, delete item search item, and item data inventory report, item inventory system at the Electrical Engineering Workshop - STTR CEPU aims to facilitate the laboratory manager in data collection goods, both complementary goods or consumables, which are web-based, for example inputting new goods or damaged goods, can be done online, and the number of goods will be automatically entered in the database, without us adding up the goods manually, search results for item data more easily fast, accurate, and the results of reports that can be downloaded in PDF type, and can be printed. The purpose of the research is to increase efficiency in managing computerized laboratory inventory so that it can support the performance of lab managers, Archives and Electrical Engineering workshops, Designing this application using language programming PHP, CSS, HTML, Windows 10 64 bit Operating System, Visual Studio Code software version 1.69.1, Xampp Server version 1.7.7, PHP version 7.3.2, Bootstrap version 5.0, Google Chrome, 000webhost. The test results show that 77% of this application can run and make it easier for the Cepu-Sttr Laboratory manager.
 Keywords: Inventory System, Laboratory, Cepu Sttr

Cessation of dangerousness status in Brasília, Brazil: An analysis of 144 reports from Federal District Medical Examiner's Office in the last 10years.

The aim of this study is to evaluate factors related to cessation of dangerousness of individuals under safety measures, through the study of psychiatric reports. This is a cross-sectional study, conducted through a retrospective analysis of expert psychiatric dangerousness cessation reports issued by the Federal District Coroner's Office, Brasília, Brazil. By examining official files, information was extracted from the reports (socio-demographic data, clinical characteristics, type of crime, historical characteristics and the search for items related to risk assessment present in instruments such as Historical, Clinical and Risk Management [HCR-20], Psychopathy Checklist - Revised [PCL-R], Two-Tiered Violence Risk Scale [TTV], Short-Term Assessment of Risk and Treatability [START] and others) and submitted to statistical analysis and then compared to other studies on the subject. The items most considered by the experts were those referring to PCL-R, START and the "non static" part of HCR-20 and TTV. For the non-cessation of dangerousness, we've found: absence of remorse, fragile behavioral control, early behavioral problems, juvenile delinquency. For the cessation of dangerousness, we've found: presence of social skills, balanced emotional state, presence of social support, adherence to rules, good coping strategies, involvement with treatment and adherence. The systematization and standardization of forensic psychiatric reports needs to be established and the use of risk assessment instruments are essential to support better decisions by the experts.

Evaluation of DNA versus collagen perception in scientific articles examining cancer and radiation therapy: implication for collagen based approaches

Objectives: Although radiation therapy has been used for more than a hundred years, its definitive mechanism of action is not known. Many studies indicate that radiation induces free radicals which damage DNA. However, irradiation should also affect the collagen connective tissue matrix. This database analysis aims to determine the extent of DNA versus collagen perception in scientific papers. Methods: Journals indexed in PubMed were searched on March 3, 2022, using the medical keywords "cancer", "radiation therapy", "radiation therapy AND damage," radiation therapy AND mechanism AND damage, "radiation therapy AND clinical". The number of items found for each search was proportioned in terms of “DNA versus collagen” and the ratio was accepted as the perception shift coefficient. Results: Results were tested with the p-value analysis to calculate the difference between the two proportions in both search items. Based on the main rule under the assumption that “all cells have DNA and all cells live in the collagen matrix”. In the p1-p2 analysis of the data, a significant (p < 0.001) difference was obtained for all dichotomy scans. Conclusions: This data analysis supports the argument that both cancer and radiation therapy perception is DNA-based rather than collagen, since the synthesis and degradation process of very slow; it is not possible to observe it in short-term studies. The effects of irradiation should be further analyzed in this manner for purpose of collagen matrix interaction.

Epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis, and potentially effective strategies to improve delirium in patients admitted to intensive care units: A narrative review

Delirium is prevalent in intensive care units (ICUs), causing significant financial burden and devastating consequences. The primary objective of this article is to furnish comprehensive insights into delirium, encompassing its epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis, and strategies for preventing its occurrence among patients in the ICUs. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus to identify relevant studies published until September 16, 2023. The search items included the terms “Delirium” and “Intensive Care Unit”. It is better to implement the pain, agitation, and delirium bundle to diagnose delirium in children admitted to the pediatric ICU. Therefore, methods are suggested to improve the sensitivity and specificity of diagnostic tools, such as training nurses, developing guidelines, and using electroencephalogram and automated infrared pupillometry. It should be noted that delirium significantly impacts mortality and morbidity and imposes heavy costs on the healthcare system. Therefore, finding methods to improve the quality and speed of delirium detection is important.

Association of Gender and Age with Buying Choices for Malls Vs. E-Retailing: A Quantitative Investigation

Shopping in India has always been a fascinating experience. With the diversity in population and culture India also comprises diversity in taste and likings. There are many differences and similarities in the behavior of males and females while shopping for a particular product. Apart age is also determining factor while considering the shopping behavior of people. Generally speaking, people think that women devote greater amounts of time shopping than males. Contrarily, men prefer to enter a shop, search for a certain item they desire, purchase it as quickly as they can, and then exit. Women, on the other hand, patiently search through all of the brands to find the product they want, compare layouts, and look for any potential discounts, haggle, and ultimately purchase the item that satisfies their needs. An essential component of commercial activity is to understand consumer purchasing behavior. Consumer purchasing behavior is a key factor influencing business performance in a marketing-driven economy.&nbsp

Compulsory Community Service for New Nurse Graduates in South Africa: A Narrative Literature Review

<h3>Background</h3> In South Africa, nurses and midwives who have undergone a comprehensive 4-year diploma or degree in nursing (General, Psychiatric, Community, and Midwifery) from a public nursing college or university are expected to perform compulsory community service (CCS) at public health facilities. Compulsory community service is a requirement for nurses and midwives to be registered with the South African Nursing Council—the South African regulatory body—as professional nurses in terms of Section 40 (3) of the Nursing Act. <h3>Purpose</h3> This narrative review seeks to understand the effectiveness, strengths, and areas of improvement of the CCS regulation for nurses in South Africa. <h3>Methods</h3> A narrative review of the literature was conducted to consolidate reported experiences and perceptions regarding the formal South African CCS program for new graduate nurses. Using purposive sampling, three online databases—African Journals Online, Google Scholar, and Science Direct—were searched for relevant literature. The review search items included "community service for nurses," "compulsory community service," "community service nurses," "community service practitioners," and "newly qualified nurses." The review included theses, dissertations, and peer-reviewed publications written and published in English from 2008 to 2022. Included literature focused explicitly on the experiences of community service nurses (ie, nurses completing the CCS) or the perceptions of experienced nurses, including professional nurses and nurse mangers, with respect to CCS for nurses in South Africa. Media reports and reports from other databases were excluded. <h3>Results</h3> The findings identified from this review were categorized into three main themes: (1) positive and negative experiences of CCS, (2) perspectives regarding CCS, and (3) administrative and operational challenges encountered during CCS. <h3>Conclusion</h3> CCS enhanced the preparedness of new graduate nurses to practice, with several studies indicating a high level of confidence to practice among new graduates. However, the challenges encountered during the 12 months of the program—including issues with placement, remuneration versus the workload, and responsibilities, as well as the lack of scope of practice rules, clear policies, or standardized guidelines—cannot be ignored. There is an urgent need to address the administrative and operational challenges to achieve the objective goals of CCS for nurses in South Africa.

Providers' Stigmas and the Effects on Patients with Opioid Use Disorder: A Scoping Review.

One of the most prevalent, dangerous stigmas in health care is the complex bias toward patients with opioid use disorder (OUD). This stigma damages the vital patient-provider relationship, further perpetuating the opioid epidemic. Unfortunately, research on the relationship between OUD and provider stigma is greatly lacking. To fill this gap, the present in-depth study undertakes a scoping review of research on providers' stigma toward OUD in order to determine how enacted stigma affects treatment plans. Four databases were used to identify articles published from 1999 to 2021. A comprehensive search strategy was developed through a collaborative process between the researchers and a medical librarian. The researchers used the methodological framework developed by Arksey and O'Malley (2005) and expanded upon by Levac et al.(2010) to chart study characteristics and themes. A total of 196 search items were retrieved. After de-duplication (n=31), remaining articles were screened based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria detailed in the protocol. After both a title/abstract review and full-text review, an additional 158 articles were removed. This yielded a total of seven articles. Three main themes were identified in the literature: (1) rural-urban differences in bias; (2) provider concern regarding legal implications and regulatory concerns; and (3) the belief that OUD is a moral failing rather than a medical diagnosis. Additional research should further analyze prescribed treatment plans for patients with OUD and utilize this information to create future considerations aimed at reducing opioid-related stigma in healthcare in Appalachia.