School Excursions Research Articles

Three years of COVID-19-related school restrictions and mental health of children and adolescents in Japan

During the 3 years of the COVID-19 pandemic, Japanese children had to live with strict mitigation measures at school, such as eating school lunches silently and wearing masks during physical exercise classes, even after those mitigation measures have been relaxed worldwide. Excursions and other school events were frequently cancelled, especially in 2020 and 2021. This study conducts a retrospective survey on school experiences to understand how the strict mitigation measures were related to children's mental health and well-being. Results revealed school excursion cancellation to be associated with a higher risk of developing depressive symptoms {odds ratio [OR] 1.543 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.109–2.148]}, and high cancellation rate of other school events to be associated with dissatisfaction in school experience [OR 1.650 (95% CI 1.222–2.228)]. In the subsample analysis, we found that girls and children with no extracurricular activities tended to exhibit depressive symptoms due to the cancellation of school excursions. Overall, the study demonstrated that persistent strict mitigation measures at schools might be a key factor in understanding children’s mental health and psychological well-being during a long-lasting pandemic.

EDUCATIONAL TOURISM IN GREAT BRITAIN

The article is devoted to the organisation of educational excursions in the UK and their role in the educational process of secondary schools. The purpose is to analyze the existing experience of organising school trips and to identify opportunities for using this experience in modern education in Ukraine. The historical origins of educational excursions are identified. The results of surveys and other studies conducted in the UK to determine the attitude of teachers to excursions as an element of the educational process, as well as the problems that arise in their organisation, are highlighted. Current experience of conducting excursions in various subjects - history, geography, natural sciences, mathematics, social sciences, computer technology. The article identifies the most popular educational tourism sites in the UK and highlights the methods used to organise school tours (specially designed tours related to the school curriculum, master classes, workshops, etc.) It is noted that special educational and training centers have been set up at certain facilities to conduct training sessions. It is noted that in Britain, excursions to government facilities such as the Parliament, the Royal Palace, the residence of the head of government, and the court have become widespread. It is determined that most museums and other visitor attractions establish preferential conditions for receiving groups of schoolchildren or provide opportunities for free visits. The problems that hinder the development of educational tourism at the present stage of development, in particular, lack of funding, are identified. The role of charitable foundations in the development and support of school excursions and the directions of their activities are highlighted. The experience of involving business structures, in particular Hyundai, in supporting educational tourism is analyzed. The unique experience of parliamentary support for educational tourism through the development of special bills on outdoor education, which are at different stages of consideration by the parliaments of Great Britain, Scotland and Wales, is indicated. The elements of experience that can be used in domestic education are identified.

Clinical observation of wild animals near the CRAS lake (Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil) submitted to homeopathic treatment by a slow dispersion device: a possible indication of environmental balance.

Abstract The environmental imbalance in all its parts (land, plant, animal, man) is one of the most significant challenges of modern times due to the difficulty of a comprehensive, effective, and non-aggressive corrective approach. Due to its biophysical qualities, water seems able to propagate physicochemical signals capable of producing effects on living systems, as recently demonstrated by the method of solvatochromic dyes. For this reason, a slow dispersion device containing a solid base soaked in a homeopathic ingredient was developed to treat animals living in defined ecosystems. This work aimed to evaluate the behavior and clinical status of tapirs (Tapirus terrestris) and capybaras (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) that inhabit the neighborhood of a lake subjected to the device's action as indicators of a possible balance of the entire system. The area under study was CRAS (Center for the Recovery of Wild Animals), inserted in an urban forest in Campo Grande - MS, Brazil. The anamnesis carried out with the park managers revealed the occurrence of attacks and mutilations among the animals due to stress and the vast infestation of ticks (Amblyomma cajennense) in wild mammals and their larvae in humans that visited the trails, which caused the closure of the park for school excursions given the risk of spreading zoonoses. The device contained a solid base of hydrocolloid and calcium carbonate soaked in a homeopathic formulation containing Chamomilla 12 cH, Artemisia absinthium 12 cH, Calcarea carbonica 30 cH, Psorinum 12 cH, Sulphur 12 cH, Artemisia lerchiana 12 cH, and Apis mellifica 12 cH, indicated for the treatment of animals whose signs of stress are an increase in ectoparasites and misbehavior. The devices were installed at three points: at the source, 500 meters away from the lake, at the watercourse, 200 meters from the lake, and at the lake itself on 10/08/2021, repeating the placement on 12/10/2021. The animals observed were four tapirs and three capybaras. Fifteen days after the date of the 1st placement of the devices, the manifestation of natural animal behavior was observed, such as teaching puppies to swim, indicating well-being. Twenty days after installation, a gradual decrease in teleogynes (adult forms) and larvae was observed, with the disappearance of ticks in all animals after six months of the device installation without chemical intervention to control the parasites. Park employees who frequent the trails and surroundings report that they have not suffered any more attacks from larvae (so-called “micuins”), even in times of greater occurrence, such as the dry seasons. Thus, it is suggested that installing slow dispersion devices in natural springs, dams, and lakes could be used as a resource for ecological balance, and the clinical observation of resident animals could be a possible indicator of environmental recovery. More studies using this approach are needed to consolidate these findings. Keywords: Homeopathic complexes, ecosystems, environmental homeopathy.

School Problems and School Support for Children with Narcolepsy: Parent, Teacher, and Child Reports

To assess problems faced by children with type 1 narcolepsy (NT1) at school and obtain insight into potential interventions for these problems. We recruited children and adolescents with NT1 from three Dutch sleep-wake centers. Children, parents, and teachers completed questionnaires about school functioning, interventions in the classroom, global functioning (DISABKIDS), and depressive symptoms (CDI). Eighteen children (7-12 years) and thirty-seven adolescents (13-19 years) with NT1 were recruited. Teachers' most frequently reported school problems were concentration problems and fatigue (reported by about 60% in both children and adolescents). The most common arrangements at school were, for children, discussing school excursions (68%) and taking a nap at school (50%) and, for adolescents, a place to nap at school (75%) and discussing school excursions (71%). Regular naps at home on the weekend (children 71% and adolescents 73%) were more common than regular naps at school (children 24% and adolescents 59%). Only a minority of individuals used other interventions. School support by specialized school workers was associated with significantly more classroom interventions (3.5 versus 1.0 in children and 5.2 versus 4.1 in adolescents) and napping at school, but not with better global functioning, lower depressive symptom levels, or napping during the weekends. Children with NT1 have various problems at school, even after medical treatment. Interventions to help children with NT1 within the classroom do not seem to be fully implemented. School support was associated with the higher implementation of these interventions. Longitudinal studies are warranted to examine how interventions can be better implemented within the school.

Створення навчальної екскурсії «Подорож до природних та культурних об’єктів міста Барвінкове»

The article examines the history of the development of excursion and local history work in a Ukrainian school, analyzes the classification of school excursions, elaborates organizational and safety requirements for conducting school excursions. The selection of objects and the planning of the route of the school geographical excursion: "Journey to the natural and cultural objects of the city of Barvinkove" on the territory of the city of Barvinkove (Kharkiv region) were carried out.

Muzej kao okruženje za učenje i dopuna školskom učenju - primer obrazovnih programa Narodnog muzeja Kikinda

Shifting the focus from collections to visitors, museums have developed numerous educational programs in the past few decades, addressed to a diverse audience. Special attention is paid to the school and preschool populations. Schools and kindergartens have become inseparable partners of museums, and the partnership strives to provide education with an informal character. Whet-her it is children from local schools or children who visit museums as part of school excursions, museums serve as an inspiring setting for acquiring and expanding knowledge and enriching experiences. In order to deepen relations with schools and kindergartens, the educational services of museums and galleries create special programs based on the correlation between school programs and museum collections. They do this through such forms as storytelling, workshops, quizzes, and theatrical models. The paper looks at the genesis of pedagogical work in museums and the theoretical starting points of the relationship between schools and museums, and presents the results of empirical research on this relationship and learning outcomes in the Kikinda National Museum.

"Attitudes of Parents of Lower Primary Grades Children Towards School Excursions"

"The aim of the research is to determine the attitude of parents of children in the lower grades of primary school towards school excursions. The theoretical part of the article presents the importance of excursions, as well as the role of parents in the entire process of organising excursions, while the second part of the article presents the results of the research. 208 parents participated, 39.9% being fathers and 60.1% being mothers. Data was collected with an instrument created for the purposes of this research and was analysed in detail and presented using a descriptive method. Parents’ attitudes are positively oriented towards excursions, noting their pedagogical significance for the development of the child’s entire personality. The role of parents in the process of preparation and organisation of the excursion is of great importance, and it is necessary that future research pays more attention to the parental function in all phases and flows of the excursion."

Street network morphology and active mobility to school: Applying space syntax methodology in Shiraz, Iran

BackgroundPrevious research has found that built environment features (e.g., density, diversity and design) influence children's mode of transportation choice during school excursions. However, little is known about how and to what extent neighbourhood street morphology impacts students' commuting patterns. MethodsWe studied the commuting patterns of children from 18 primary schools in three distinct urban fabric zones (inner, middle, and outer) in Shiraz, Iran. Parents with children in primary grades of 1–6 (n = 1503) were chosen to report on their children's school journey diaries. To examine street network layout, five well-known indices based on the Space Syntax methodology were used: Connectivity, Integration, Control, Intelligibility, and Choice. In order to select a local catchment area for each individual student, an inventory GIS model was created. ResultsIntelligibility and Integration are found to have a positive association with students' walking distances of 400 and 800 m among local morphological elements. Students are more likely to stroll when the space's readability, continuity, and coherence improve. Control and Choice, on the other hand, had a detrimental influence on the walking of students. ConclusionActive mobility to school is associated with urban layout characteristics among Iranian Students, especially within a radius of 800 m. This study discovered that increasing the movement potential of space within an 800 m radius had a greater impact on a child's ability to walk than increasing the movement potential of space within a 400 m radius, and that the Integration (R3), Choice (R3), and Intelligence of the street network within an 800 m radius of students' homes was linked to better walking between home and school. Improving the readability, cohesion, and spatial continuity of the local street network might boost their propensity to walk to school.

Whose Heritage

Whose Heritage

Study trips and fieldwork in sloveniantourism studies: experience from Turstica

The education system in Slovenia is generally supportive of study trips or school excursions, which are organised already at primary and secondary school level to give the pupils and students an additional opportunity to learn about their homeland and neighbouring regions/countries. Study trips and fieldwork are an essential form of the study process in Slovenian higher education as well. This is especially true for the field of geography and its related disciplines. The review of higher education programmes of tourism studies (in the period before the COVID-19 pandemic) shows the importance of practical training and acquiring different competencies through study trips and fieldwork – either while learning about business tourism systems or tourist offer in the selected destinations. In paper, we focus on the experiences of conducting study trips and fieldwork at the University of Primorska, Faculty of Tourism Studies - Turistica, which stands as the only higher education institution in Slovenia with a degree in tourism at all three levels (BSc, MA and PhD). Study trips are an integral part of the curriculum, especially in the first cycle programmes, dominated by the cultural tourism study programme, where humanistic views and approaches in tourism take substantial part (e.g., anthropology, ethnology and geography). At Turistica, various study trips and fieldwork take place, ranging from one-day or two-day excursions in the local and regional environment or across Slovenia, to multi-day study tours abroad. The most complex example is a one-week study trip to Prague and Berlin, which is a study to which we pay special attention in the paper. It is a successful model of fieldwork, which will, with appropriate modifications, also be used as a model for shaping and arranging the future study trip of Turistica’s students to Bosnia and Herzegovina.

EXCURSION AS A PEDAGOGICAL PROCESS

The article deals the views of authoritative researchers of excursion business on school excursion as a leading form of pedagogical process. The concepts of “excursion” and “school excursion” are analyzed, and the basic views on the classification of school excursions are given. The author of the article also gives the main functions and didactic principles of organizing and conducting a school tour.
 A school excursion is a special form of pedagogical process, the basis of which is a methodically well-thought-out display of sights, historical and cultural monuments, analysis of objects visited by students, as well as a meaningful story of the tour guide about events related to these objects.
 This publication emphasizes that the fundamental pedagogical principles of teaching and education are central to the organization and conduct of school excursions. And the presence of the basic elements of pedagogy in excursion activity allows to define it as pedagogical process in which the central place is given to the tour guide who carries out two pedagogical tasks – didactic and educational.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RESOURCES AND SCHOOL SPORTS PROGRAM: A CASE STUDY

The study primary aim was to assess relationship between resources (human, financial & material resources) and school sports programs. The population of this research study included all female principals and all female PETs. The scholars used self-made questionnaire; so, it was a Likert-type questionnaire. Items' internal consistency was assessed by the researcher. Cronbach's Alpha was used to determine significant effect against the set hypothesis (P-value and = 0.05). The study came to conclusion that resources had a substantial impact on sports program in the government high schools for females. The school administration may be interested in sports arrangements and provide professional and experienced sports staff. The administration may purchase sports goods under supervision of skillful and experienced experts. Through connection with parents, administration can assure the school excursions and sports activities for students, and instructors may explain the benefits of trips to parents in order to get their support and may provide a sufficient budget for sports activities and ensure that sports budget utilizes on sports program and skilled staff, according to sports budget may be appointed to polish the skills of sports girls.

EXCURSION METHOD OF TEACHING IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF CHUVASHIA IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX – EARLY XX CENTURY

Active formation of extracurricular education in the post-reform period was due to the fact that the Russian Empire in the second half of the XIX century experienced changes in the political, economic, social and cultural spheres. Studying the history of extracurricular education in the post-reform period is important from the standpoint of a holistic understanding of the Russian post-reform period. To study the state of extracurricular education in Russia taken as a whole, it is necessary to study it in detail on the materials of various regions.
 
 In the post-reform period, new teaching methods were developed in Russian educational institutions. The excursion method of teaching became very popular. The initiator of the introducing excursions in the life of Chuvash schools is I.Ya. Yakovlev.
 
 The purpose of the work is to study the issue of organizing and implementing the excursion method of teaching in pre-revolutionary Chuvashia. In this article, archival data are introduced into scientific circulation, which enable to examine the process of introducing excursion practices in educational institutions of Chuvashia in the second half of the XIX – early XX century. The main attention is paid to the types of school excursions and their educational potential. The methodological basis of the work is made up of the principles of historicism in combination with a systematic approach, which made it possible to examine the introduction of the excursion teaching method in a historical retrospect. In addition, the article examines the first attempts on the part of the government to regularize schoolchildren excursions in the school, as well as describes the role of the print media in popularizing excursions. The practical significance of the study is to draw the attention of historians to an insufficiently studied issue.

Examining and Forecasting Tourist Arrivals and Speleotourism Development in Resava Cave (Eastern Serbia)

Abstract Caves, gorges, canyons, waterfalls and other karst geoheritage sites have been the focus of many tourists who visit Serbia. Caves have been visited and explored by numerous school excursions and scientific expeditions. Thus speleotourism in Serbia possesses great potential for local and regional economic empowerment. Moreover, analyzing the influence of complementary tourist activities for speleotourism can generate more knowledge for future development strategies. This paper aims to forecast tourist arrivals in Resava Cave and thus determine the current and future conditions of speleotourism development. According to the current speleotourist traffic, Resava Cave is the most developed speleotourism destination in Serbia. Therefore, estimating the growth of tourist traffic is crucial for understanding its true potential.

Understanding travel behavior: A study of school excursion motivations, constraints and behavior

A more detailed understanding of actual travel behavior is crucial to better understand travel patterns and determine the attractiveness of target markets. Educational tourism, and school excursion tourism in particular, is a relatively under researched and poorly understood segment of the tourism industry. This paper examines the influence of socio-demographics, motivations and constraints on planned and actual school excursion behavior. A total of 1,314 schools from across Australia participated in an online survey. Analysis revealed the importance of interpersonal constraints at explaining both planned and actual travel. Socio-demographics including the number of staff and students at the school, and a dedicated school excursion planner helped to explain the average length of stay of school excursions. The push motive of ‘new experiences’ positively influenced the number of overnight excursions undertaken, while the push/pull motive of ‘a reward’ helped explain longer length of stay and distance travelled, alongside socio-demographic factors. Practical implications are outlined for both destinations and attractions interested in targeting school excursions. Future research avenues are also outlined based on the research findings and limitations.

Something So Sad Can Be So Beautiful: A Qualitative Study of Adolescent Experiences at a 9/11 Memorial

Adolescents frequently travel on school excursions or with their families, yet little is known about their experiences. Included in their destinations are historical sites that commemorate human suffering, including memorials associated with terrorism. The current study analyzed written responses from 133 adolescents who were participating in school excursions to the Flight 93 National Memorial. Qualitative coding suggests that adolescents grasped the importance of the memorial and were able to reflect on issues related to death and dying. Adolescents experienced negative emotions such as sadness, yet their feelings did not detract from the visit. This study sheds light on an overlooked adolescent visitor experience and reveals that school excursions to painful heritage sites may offer opportunities for adolescents to confront and discuss difficult topics, such as death and terrorism.

Review of preventing fatal incidents in school and youth group camps and excursions: understanding the unthinkable by Andrew Brookes

Review of preventing fatal incidents in school and youth group camps and excursions: understanding the unthinkable by Andrew Brookes

The Daily Life and Reality Behind Child Poverty in Sweden: Children\u2019s and Adolescents\u2019 Voices

Today, approximately 12% of children growing up in Sweden are living in what could be defined as child poverty. Although the number of children living in poverty has slightly decreased during recent years, social exclusion and segregation between different groups in society have increased. The present study will shed a light on the reality of how children and adolescents living in poverty experience their daily lives. Analytically, the study explores how these experiences connect to different practices concerning child poverty. The study draws from an empirical and theoretical analysis of interviews with children and adolescents published in the Swedish Save the Children’s report At the margin. The daily life behind the statistics of child poverty [På marginalen. Vardagen bakom barnfattigdomsstatistiken]. The results reveal that lack of material and financial resources creates social stigmatization for this group of children and adolescents; they have fewer possibilities to spend time with peers, and this quite often also results in self-exclusion. The children’s and adolescents’ narratives also indicate the importance of the social role of the school, here in relation to the school providing nutritious school lunches and free packed lunch for school excursions.

1930年代東京府(東京市)小学校の伊勢参宮旅行 : 規模拡大の経過と運賃割引要求

1930年代東京府(東京市)小学校の伊勢参宮旅行 : 規模拡大の経過と運賃割引要求

明治期の石川県における学校体育の発達(第10報) : 小学校の遠足・修学旅行(1)(一般教育関係)

明治期の石川県における学校体育の発達(第10報) : 小学校の遠足・修学旅行(1)(一般教育関係)