Schiff Base Research Articles

A multifunctional soybean protein isolates crosslinked gelatins composite mulch film: Fabrication, characterization, and application

The development of sustainable agriculture has boosted an increase in demand for biodegradable and multifunctional biomass-based mulch films. Herein, a sort of eco-friendly and multifunctional soybean protein isolates crosslinked gelatins (SPI-c-Gel) composite mulch films were elaborately designed through the Schiff base reaction. The formation of physical entanglement and chemical cross-linking between the molecular chains of SPI and Gel could effectively dissipate the loading energy and thereby strengthen the resistance of the composite mulch films to water penetration. Specifically, the maximum tensile strain and tensile stress were observed to increase from 4.05 MPa at 73.3 % for pure SPI film to 14.7 MPa at 151 % for optimized SPI-c-Gel0.3 mulch film. The swelling rate in water declined from 280 % for pure SPI film to 141 % for SPI-c-Gel0.3 composite film. Furthermore, the fabricated composite mulch film exhibited satisfied water retention, urea slow-release properties, and biodegradability. The application experiments of SPI-c-Gel0.3 composite mulch have shown that the seeds grew faster when cabbage seeds were covered by such mulch film during seed germination. Our findings provide a novel strategy for regulating the physical and chemical properties of biopolymer-based multifunctional mulch films, which may be employed to promote the development of sustainable agriculture.

Redevelopment of natural eugenol as potential pesticidal resource: New insights into synthesis and antifungal evaluation of eugenol-derived Schiff bases with reactive oxygen species behavior

Natural products have ancient history as fascinating sources of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals as well as NPs-derived drug/pesticide innovation. Its diversiform biological performance and skeleton diversity enable to fill the drug/pesticide discovery pipeline in response to the growing innovation demand. Eugenol, a naturally occurring phenolic compound from plant Eugenia caryophyllata, have been attracting attention in agricultural application. To further extend its value-added utilizations in agricultural application and elucidate the underlying molecule mechanism, the 35 of novel eugenol-derived Schiff bases were herein skillfully prepared by means of natural-products modification strategy. Interestingly, the antifungal activity results indicated that the optimal antifungal molecule was A10, affording an EC50 of 0.850 μg/mL toward Botryosphaeria dothidea (B. d.), which was superior to those of parent eugenol (EC50 > 100 μg/mL) and ferimzone (EC50 > 100 μg/mL). It was illustrated that introduction of Schiff base scaffold into natural eugenol contributed to enhance the antifungal performance. Furthermore, a series of bioassays showed the antifungal behavior of compound A10, which had a powerful disruptive effect on the membrane by triggering reactive oxygen species production in the mycelium. Taken together, this study redeveloped natural eugenol as potential antifungal candidates to control fungal infections by triggering reactive oxygen species production.

An injectable carboxymethyl chitosan-based hydrogel with controlled release of BMP-2 for efficient treatment of bone defects

Although biological scaffolds containing bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) have been widely used for osteogenic therapy, achieving stable and controlled release of BMP-2 remains a challenge. Herein, a novel BMP-2 sustained-release system composed of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)/polyethylene glycol (PEG)/heparin sulfate (HS) (CMCS/PEG/HS) was constructed with a Schiff base reaction, yielding an injectable hydrogel for the release of BMP-2 in a controlled manner. For the CMCS/PEG/HS/BMP-2 hydrogel, the HS component had a negatively charged structure, which can bind to positively charged growth factors and prevent early hydrolytic metabolism of growth factors, thus achieving sustainable release of BMP-2. Notably, the release of BMP-2 in hydrogels was dependent mainly on degradation of the hydrogel matrix rather than simple diffusion. Generally, the CMCS/PEG/HS/BMP-2 hydrogel scaffold demonstrated excellent recoverability, good injectability, excellent biocompatibility and high adaptability, as well as efficient self-healing features to occupy irregularly shaped bone marrow cavities. The in vitro results revealed that the CMCS/PEG/HS/BMP-2 hydrogel promoted the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Furthermore, the in vivo results suggest that the hydrogel has promising osteogenic effects that promote bone regeneration in a skull bone defect model. The injectable hydrogel scaffold shows great promise for bone treatment in the future.

Innovative Thiophene Schiff Bases: Synthesis and Evaluation as Antitubercular Agents

Innovative Thiophene Schiff Bases: Synthesis and Evaluation as Antitubercular Agents

Exploring the potent corrosion inhibition properties of phenolic Schiff bases on mild steel in acidic environments, part A: coupling experimental and theoretical investigations.

In this study, we conduct a comparative investigation into the corrosion inhibition properties of two Schiff base compounds, namely 4,4'-((1E,1'E)-(ethane-1,2 diylbis(azaneylylidene))bis(methaneylylidene))diphenol (PSB5) and (1E,1'E)-N,N'-(ethane-1,2 diyl)bis(1-(4-nitrophenyl)methanimine) (PSB6), on mild steel in an acidic environment. The inhibitory efficiency and adsorption behavior of the inhibitors were assessed through electrochemical and gravimetric analyses. The inhibitors' deposition was further verified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The findings of electrochemical tests demonstrate that these chemical compounds are potent inhibitors, with 96.5% inhibition provided by PSB5 at 10-3M. Therefore, PSB5 and PSB6 inhibitors are likely of mixed-form, as evidenced by changes in their Ecorr values of 59.8 mV and 33.0 mV, respectively when compared to the blank solution. Furthermore, the adsorption of these inhibitors onto the MS surface, as determined by the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, yielded free energy values of - 38.40 kJ mol-1 for PSB5 and - 35.20 kJ mol-1 for PSB6. These findings highlight a robust and spontaneous adsorption process for both inhibitors. Surface analysis using SEM-EDS revealed the preservation of the mild steel surface morphology and the adsorption of inhibitors. Theoretical investigations utilizing density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations supported and complemented the experimental findings. This research enhances the understanding of the corrosion protection potential of Schiff base compounds and their potential applications in various industries.

Optical and surface properties of Schiff base ligands and Cu(II) and Co(II) complexes

Objectives. To study the transition of electrons in 1,2-phenyl(4’-carboxy)benzylidene Schiff base ligand and transition metal ions, optical properties, as well as the surface chemistry of supported transition metals using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS); to study the roughness and morphology of the Schiff base ligand and its complexes using atomic force microscopy (AFM).Methods. DRS, AFM, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy instruments were used to identify electron transitions, optical properties, and surface morphology in Schiff base ligands and their complexes.Results. The DRS revealed the d–d transitions and charge transfer shifts of all compounds, and helped identify the structure of the ligand. One of the optical properties studied was the energy gap calculation of the ligand and its complexes. The copper complex exhibited more semiconducting behavior with surface morphology properties such as surface roughness parameters lower than those of the ligand and the cobalt complex. This can be attributed to the smaller size of the copper atom, as well as lower electron transitions compared to the cobalt complex and the square planar bonding shape.Conclusions. In Schiff base ligands, the reflectance spectrum bands reveal three electron transitions: n→π*, π→π*, and σ→σ* transitions. In cobalt complexes, four transitions are indicated: 4A2(F)→4T1(F), 4A2(F)→4T1(P), charge transfer bands, and tetrahedral geometry. Copper complexes exhibit three transitions: 2B1g→2A1g, 2B1g→2Eg, and charge transfer bands, with a square planar geometry for their structure. The energy gap calculations were 2.42, 2.29, and 2.30 eV, respectively. In the case of the SH ligands, copper complexes, and cobalt complexes, all compounds exhibited semiconductor properties. However, the complexes displayed increased conductivity due to the influence of the metal and coordination structure.

Design, synthesis of antipyrine-based Schiff bases and investigation of their cholinesterase and carbonic anhydrase activities by in vitro and in silico approaches

In this study, a series of antipyrine-based Schiff bases (1–10) was designed, synthesized, and evaluated as potential inhibitors of various metabolic enzymes, including acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and human erythrocyte carbonic anhydrase I and II (hCA I and hCA II). The target molecules were characterized by UV–vis, FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13CNMR, LC-HRMS, and elemental analysis. All tested derivatives demonstrated low nanomolar inhibition with Ki values of in the range of 20.58 ± 0.35 to 53.11 ± 1.02 nM against AChE, 21.84 ± 0.40 to 54.41 ± 1.05 nM against BChE, 27.45 ± 0.41 to 48.22 ± 0.91 nM against cytosolic hCA I isoform associated with epilepsy, and 6.02 ± 0.11 to 29.32 ± 0.54 nM against cytosolic hCA II isoform associated with glaucoma. In general, most these molecules, except for a few, inhibited these enzymes more than acetazolamide (AZA) and neostigmine. Among them, compounds 5, 7, 8, and 9 showed the best inhibitory activities against AChE, BChE, hCA I, and hCA II, respectively. Docking results were calculated for the compounds that showed the best inhibitory activity against these enzymes and for reference compounds. Based on the molecular docking results, they were determined to have high binding energies, including hydrogen bonds, electrostatic interactions, and hydrophobic interactions. Absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME) parameters determined that all the synthesized pyrazolone ring-bearing Schif base derivatives (1–10) have the expected physicochemical properties in terms of drug-likeness and can be evaluated as orally active potential. Properties such as the electrophilicity index and chemical hardness were also investigated by density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6–311G** level of theory.

Synthesis and characterization of 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-4-((4-hydroxyphenyl)imino)-4h-chromene-3,5,7-triol: In vitro biological evaluation and computational analysis

Secondary phenolic metabolites like flavonoids, that are found in numerous plant sections and have a range of uses. Quercetin falls under the category of flavonols, belonging to the flavonoids found in various medicinal plants, some common fruits, and vegetables with various applications. However, quercetin, with its various applications, is not well established in the pharmaceutical industry since it is associated with a lot of drawbacks, like instability in the gastrointestinal tract, the first-pass effect, solubility issues, etc. Quercetin-Schiff base derivatives are essential for targeting cancer cells and enhancing biological activities due to the formation of the C=N (imine group), which plays a major role in enhancing biological activities. In this research article, quercetin Schiff base (Q1sb) was synthesised and analysed using spectroscopic techniques like 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HRMS, etc. Biological activities like anti-bacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytotoxicity analyses were done on four cancer cell lines, namely A549, HeLa, HepG2, and MCF-7, and molecular docking were done on some of the common targets. The first section explains the characteristics of flavonoid, the therapeutic action and drawbacks of quercetin, and the importance of Schiff base derivatives; the second section explains the synthesis method and characterization; and the third section explains the biological applications and molecular docking studies.

Solvents and their influence on electronic properties in IEFPCM solvation model, anticancer activity, and docking studies on (E)-2-((4-chlorobenzylidene) amino)phenol

The Schiff base (E)-2-((4-chlorobenzylidene)amino)phenol (4CL2AM) has been synthesized from 4-chlorobenzaldehyde and 2-aminophenol. Spectroscopic techniques like FTIR, Raman, UV, fluorescence, and NMR were used to characterize the synthesized compound. The experimental data well matched with the DFT method (B3LYP/cc-pVDZ basis set). The frontier molecular orbital (FMO), molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), and electronic spectra (UV–visible) analysis were conducted on three different solvents such as gas, DMSO, and water. The frontier molecular orbital (FMO) analysis calculated the HOMO-LUMO energy gap as 4.0109 eV, 4.0406 eV, and 4.0411 eV for the gas phase, DMSO, and water respectively. Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), localized orbital locator (LOL), and electron localize function (ELF) analysis revealed positions of localized and delocalized orbitals as well as electrophilic and nucleophilic attack sites. The natural bond orbital analysis (NBO) predicted highest stabilization energy was 33.37 kcal/mol. The locations of the covalent and non-covalent interactions were investigated by density overlaps region indicator (DORI), interaction region indicator (IRI), and noncovalent interaction (NCI) analysis. Drug likeness and ADME analysis were investigated. In vitro, anticancer activity studies revealed against MCF-7 breast cancer cell lines. In the molecular docking study, the predicted lowest binding energy is −5.77 kcal/mol for the 6NLV-4CL2AM system.

Organic micro/nanospheres assembled from a [2 + 2] Schiff base macrocycle for efficient adsorption of zinc ions and dyes

A Schiff base macrocycle (M) containing both isophthalamide and bissalicylaldehyde scaffolds was successfully designed and synthesized. M exhibited typical aggregation-induced enhanced emission characteristics in a mixed solvent of DMF/water, and showed high selectivity for the recognition of Zn(II) over other metal ions. The binding process, binding ratio, and association constant of M with Zn(II) were estimated through UV–vis and fluorescence spectra titrations, isothermal titration calorimetry, and 1H NMR titration experiments, and the detection limit towards Zn(II) was calculated as 1.03 × 10−7 mol·L−1. Interestingly, a large amount of micro/nanospheres of M with remarkable size uniformity were obtained from the reaction medium with sulfuric acid as a catalyst. On the basis of exploring the formation process of the micro/nanospheres and the key factors affecting their morphology and size, the Zn(II) and dye adsorption experiments were carried out. The results indicated that the micro/nanospheres of M can be applied to Zn(II) and dye adsorption with satisfactory removal rates.

Comprehensive assessment of schiff base derived from 4-Chloroaniline and 2-Formylphenol: Molecular architecture, experimental with computational bioactivity profiling, emphasizing anticancer efficacy against pulmonary and mammary carcinoma cell models

This study thoroughly analyses the structural and biological properties of a Schiff base compound synthesized from the condensation of 2-formyl phenol and 4-chloroaniline. Single crystal X-ray diffraction examination indicated that the compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21/c, with unit cell parameters a = 13.4232(15) Å, b = 5.7860(6) Å, c = 14.699(2) Å, β = 106.048(6) °, and Z = 4. The molecular structure has an E configuration around the C = N double bond, with a bond length of 1.266(2) Å, and includes an intramolecular O—H⋯N hydrogen bond. Hirshfeld surface analysis elucidated intermolecular interactions inside the crystal lattice, emphasizing dominant hydrogen-hydrogen, hydrogen-chlorine, and carbon-hydrogen contacts. The chemical exhibited concentration-dependent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Studies on DNA interactions indicate van der Waals forces between the ligand and nucleic acid, whereas it demonstrated considerable binding affinity for BSA with a ΔG value of -6.9 kcal/mol. ADME study revealed values within the recommended range, indicating advantageous pharmacokinetic characteristics. PASS filter-based cytotoxicity predictions indicated significant anti-cancer efficacy against breast adenocarcinoma, small cell lung carcinoma, and lung cancer. Toxicological assessments in diverse models indicated no possible irritation to skin and ocular tissues, highlighting its safety profile for therapeutic use. This research advances our comprehension of Schiff bases with halogen substituents and their prospective uses in chemistry and biology.

Cornu-Spiral-Like Organic Crystal Waveguide Providing Discriminatory Optical Pathway for Smart Organic Photonic Circuit.

In the era of artificial intelligence, developing advanced and intelligent photonic circuits has become essential. In this work, the fabrication of a smart organic photonic circuit (OPC), is illustrated which utilizes a Cornu-spiral-like waveguide (CSW) to produce discriminating optical pathways in the circuit. The mechanical flexibility of Schiff base, (E)-1-(((5-iodopyridin-2-yl)imino)methyl)naphthalen-2-ol (IPyIN) facilitates the fabrication of a first-of-its-kind, two-ring-based CSW via the atomic force microscopy cantilever tip-assisted mechanophotonics approach. The photonic studies suggest that the CSW structure routes optical signals in discriminating trajectories. To capitalize on the discriminatory properties of the CSW, two linear waveguides onto both rings of the CSW are integrated to create a smart OPC. This smart OPC can selectively route optical signals either partially or fully in the circuit, depending on the pathways determined by the CSW, thus enabling the circuit to switch ON or OFF. Such intelligent photonic circuits are essential for advancing smart technologies.

Assessment of clinical and laboratory parameters of oral сavity in patients with orthodontic systems

equipment (braces) on the biochemical parameters of oral fluid. Materials and methods. The study involved patients aged 18 to 22 years who are undergoing orthodontic treatment with a bracket system. Thegroup of examined persons was 25 people. The control group included 15 practically healthy people without braces. All patients underwent dental status assessment (Green – Vermillion hygiene index – simplified IG-Y; PMA inflammation index), laboratory examination of oral fluid before and after controlled oral hygiene. The biochemical analysis included determination of the acid-base balance in the oral fluid using a pH meter, assessment of free radical oxidation by chemiluminogram parameters by biochemiluminescence and by levels of molecular products of lipid peroxidation (diene and triene conjugates, Schiff bases), activity of the enzyme alkaline phosphatase, concentrations of total protein and lactate. Results and discussions. In patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with a bracket system, an insufficient level of oral hygiene and inflammatory manifestations in the gums of moderate severity were revealed. The level of the acid-base balance of the oral fluid before controlled hygiene was equal to 6.8±0.19, that is, below the range of normal pH values in the oral cavity. After hygiene, the pH of the oral fluid returned to the norm of 7.1±0.2. In patients with braces, activation of free radical oxidation and an increase in lipoperoxidation parameters – triene conjugates and Schiff bases, increased activity of alkaline phosphatase, total protein and lactate levels took place.Cоnclusion. After hygienic treatment of the oral cavity, the biochemical parameters did not differ statistically significantly from the control data.

Synthesis and Molecular Docking Study of Hydrazone Schiff Bases of α‐Naphthalene‐Containing Alkyl Phenyl Ether Fragment as Potent α‐Amylase and α‐Glucosidase Inhibitors

AbstractIn this study, new Schiff base derivatives of α‐naphthalene acetic acid containing alkyl phenyl ether fragment have been effectively synthesized through multistep reaction process, characterized by 1H‐NMR and 13C‐NMR spectroscopy. These derivatives have been tested for their in vitro α‐amylase and α‐glucosidase inhibitory activities. In the series, 8 compounds (2j, 2f, 2e, 2m, 2a, 2b, 2l, and 2c) exhibited promising α‐amylase inhibition with IC50 values from 5.38 ± 0.36 to 14.59 ± 0.64 µg/mL. Similarly, in the case of α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity, 10 derivatives (2e, 2f, 2j, 2m, 2b, 2c, 2i, 2d, 2a, and 2l) exhibited excellent activity having IC50 values from 6.96 ± 0.39 to 16.27 ± 0.31 µg/mL, wheras the remaining derivatives exhibited good‐to‐least antidiabetic potential. The ADME properties were calculated for all Schiff base derivatives using Swiss‐ADME web tool. Furthermore, the docking studies identified the binding modes of the compounds.

Removal, mechanistic and kinetic studies of Cr(VI), Cd(II), and Pb(II) cations using Fe3O4 functionalized Schiff base chelating ligands.

The Schiff base chelating ligands; (E)-2-(3,3-dimethoxy-2-oxa-7,10-diaza-3-silaundec-10-en-11-yl)phenol (L1), (E)-N-(2-((pyridine-2ylmethylene)amino)ethyl)-3-(trimethoxysilyl)propan-1-amine (L2) and (E)-N-(2-((thiophen-2-ylmethylene)amino)ethyl)-3-(trimethoxysilyl)propan-1-amine (L3) were immobilized on Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and utilized in the extraction of Cr(VI), Cd(II) and Pb(II) metal cations from aqueous solutions. The compounds synthesized, denoted as L1@ Fe3O4, L2@Fe3O4, and L3@Fe3O4, were characterized using FT-IR spectroscopy, TEM-SEM, VSM, and BET/BHJ techniques for analysis of functional groups, surface morphology, magnetic properties, and degree of porosity of the adsorbents, respectively. BET/BHJ technique confirmed the mesoporous nature of the compounds as their pore diameters ranged between 15 and 17nm. The initial optimization conditions of pH, adsorbent dosage, initial metal concentration, and contact time on adsorption were studied using L1@ Fe3O4. The optimum efficiencies recorded were 68% and 46% for Cr(VI) and Cd(II), respectively, obtained at pH 3, and a metal concentration of 20ppm while an efficiency of 99% was recorded for Pb(II) cations at pH 7 and a metal concentration of 100ppm. Compounds L2@Fe3O4 and L3@ Fe3O4 were also used in the extraction of metal cations from aqueous solution and gave efficiencies of 22%, 56%, and 78% for L2@ Fe3O4 and 19%, 90%, and 59% using L3@ Fe3O4 for Cr(VI), Cd(II), and Pb(II), respectively. The maximum adsorption capacities of L1@ Fe3O4 for Cr(VI), Cd(II), and Pb(II) cations were obtained from the Langmuir isotherm as 32.84, 41.77, and 450.45mg/g, respectively. The experimental data was analyzed using pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, intraparticle diffusion, and Elovich kinetic models. Both linear and non-linear forms of kinetic isotherms; Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson, and Temkin were utilized to investigate the nature of adsorption on L1@Fe3O4. The mechanistic studies deduced that the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model better described the adsorption process both yielding high correlation coefficient values (R2 > 0.98).

Hyperbranched polylysine/oxidized carboxymethyl cellolose integrated gelatin composite for wound treatment

Herein, we report the preparation and evaluation of a new composite consisting of gelatin matrix, oxidized carboxymethyl cellulose (OCMC), and hyperbranched polylysine (PL) components for full-thickness wound treatment. To enhance the antimicrobial activity of the gelatin matrix, OCMC/PL was successfully combined with this matrix via the Schiff base reaction. Moreover, allantoin (Alla) as a drug model was loaded by this composite and the optimal formulation for wound healing (PLOCG-Alla) was obtained. The structural properties, thermal stability, crystallinity and interactions between materials were investigated using SEM, TGA, XRD and FTIR techniques. Cytotoxicity and antibacterial capacity were evaluated by MTT assay and colony counting methods, respectively. The release behavior was investigated at two different pH values. Blood coagulation and wound healing potential were also evaluated in vivo. PLOCG-Alla exhibited high antibacterial capacity, pH-dependent release behavior, biocompatibility and high blood clotting ability. It also accelerated wound healing in vivo.

Schiff Base Mediated Synthesis of Novel Imidazolidine-4-One Derivatives for Potential Antimicrobial and Anthelmintic Activities.

This study focuses on developing novel antimicrobials to combat drug-resistant pathogens, addressing compounds failing clinical trials due to inadequate physicochemical properties. Sixteen imidazolidine-4-one derivatives were synthesized by extensive evaluation using molecular docking, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion (ADME) predictions, and antimicrobial testing. Molecular docking studies conducted with Schrödinger's Glide revealed that compounds S4 and G8 exhibited superior docking scores of -7.839 and -7.776, respectively. The G series outperformed the S series in scores. ADME analysis confirmed all compounds adhered to Lipinski's rule of five. In addition, IR and NMR provided details about the structure of the compounds. Antimicrobial activity was assessed against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans, with compounds G2 and S2 showing exceptional minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 6.25 μg/mL against E. coli. S2 also demonstrated impressive activity against S. aureus (MIC 3.12 μg/mL), and S4 exhibited potent activity against C. albicans (MIC 0.8 μg/mL) than fluconazole (1.6 μg/mL). Additionally, antihelmintic activity was evaluated, with G1, G3, G8, S2, S4, S7, and S8 showing effective paralysis and death time 20 min and below at 50 mg/mL concentration. These results underscore the potential of new imidazolidine-4-one derivatives as suitable sources to develop a drug candidate to treat resistant infections.

Multi-functional Gleditsia sinensis galactomannan-based hydrogel with highly stretchable, adhesive, and antibacterial properties as wound dressing for accelerating wound healing

Design and development of a multifunctional wound dressing with self-healing, adhesive, and antibacterial properties to attain optimal wound closure efficiency are highly desirable in clinical applications. Nevertheless, conventional hydrogels face significant barriers in their mechanical strength, adhesive performance, and antibacterial properties. Herein, a tough hydrogel based on aldehyde-grafted galactomannan was synthesized through radical copolymerization and Schiff base reaction, incorporating hyaluronic acid, acrylamide, and the zwitterionic monomer to create a multi-crosslinked structure. The multiple crosslink structure pattern consisting of multiple hydrogen bonding, ionic interactions, reversible Schiff bases bonds, and molecular chain entanglement endowed this hydrogel with multiple functionalities, including high tensile strength (25 kPa), tensile strain (2200 %), toughness (391.59 kJ/m3), and Young's modulus (9.77 kPa). The presence of catechol groups and zwitterionic groups endow hydrogels with outstanding adhesion strength (42.21 kPa), which satisfied the adhesive demand for the ample motion of specific areas. The zwitterionic monomer provided long-lasting antibacterial properties and promoted migration and growth of negatively charged cells, capable of establishing efficient antibacterial barriers and serving as wound dressing. The in vivo and vitro experiments manifested that the optimized hydrogel demonstrated an inconspicuous inflammatory response, facilitating rapid healing of full-thickness skin wound in rat models. Therefore, this work provides a promising strategy and an ideal candidate for wound healing dressings in treating infected skin wounds.

Synthesis, molecular docking, ADMET profiling, and anti-PC3 activity of new Schiff base derivatives

Synthesis, molecular docking, ADMET profiling, and anti-PC3 activity of new Schiff base derivatives

Synthesis, characterization and anticancer activity of zinc sulfide nanoparticle using heterocyclic Zn (II) thiosemicarbazone complex as a single source

The green synthesis of zinc sulphide nanoparticles (Zn S NPs) using Zn(II) complex as a single molecular precursor is gaining importance due to its simplicity, cost – effectiveness and pharmacologically active nature. Now – a- day’s nanobiotechnolgy is increasing at a fast rate due to its many possible applications in the biomedical and, pharmaceuticals fields. In this paper, we have reported the synthesis of Chalcogenide nanostructured pharmacologically active Zn S nanoparticles using Zn (II) Heterocyclic thiosemicarbazone Complex as a Single Source. Zn (II) complex was synthesized by the reaction between Schiff base ligand and Zinc acetate salt in 2:1 molar ratio. Thiosemicarbazone have a wide clinical antitumor spectrum with efficacy in various tumor types such as leukemia, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, non- small cell lung cancer, cervical cancer, prostate cancer and bladder cancer. These compounds possessed significant antineoplastic activity when the carbonyl group attachment of the side chain was located at a position alpha to the heterocyclic nitrogen atom, whereas attachment of the side chain ꞵ or gamma to the heterocyclic nitrogen atom, resulted in inactive antitumor agents. In addition, replacement of the heterocyclic ring N with carbon also resulted in a biologically inactive compound suggesting that a conjugated N, N, S -tridentate donor set is essential for the biological activities of thiosemicarbazone ligands. In our study, for synthesis of Zn S nanoparticles, the synthesized Zn(II) complex of thiosemicarbazone ligand was treated with aqueous extract of Parmotrema perlatum flowers. The use of aqueous extract of Parmotrema perlatum flowers in the synthesis of ZnS particles plays a very important role in reducing reaction time, reducing minimum possibility of side reactions and conversion of metal complexes into its nanoparticles in a very less time. All synthesized compounds were characterized by various structural, morphological, electronic and vibrational spectroscopic techniques and also evaluate the pharmacological activities of compounds like antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities. The peaks at 3414.82 cm-1 in FT-IR spectra confirms the presence of –OH groups and other bioactive agents in the aqueous extract of Parmotrema perlatum flowers, which acts as a capping and stabilizing agents in the synthesis of Zn S nano particles. The effective results of anti-cancer activity of compounds showed that the ZnS nanoparticles shows good cytotoxic activity against human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7) using MTT assay. In this study, normal human cell lines used as standard for comparison purpose. The CTC50 values of ZnS nanoparticles was found to be 49.375µg/ml respectively. Therefore, it could be concluded that this biogenic method is effective for synthesis of Zn S nanoparticles from Zn(II) complex with desirable properties for potential biomedical applications which can be consider as a good drug candidate for anti-cancer therapy