Scaling Dimensions Research Articles

Budżety partycypacyjne na uczelniach w Polsce jako narzędzie edukacji młodych obywateli

In addition to enabling students to acquire the knowledge and competencies necessary for their professions, higher education institutions should also support the formation of broad civic attitudes among students. University participatory budgets (PB) are an example of a tool for reaching this goal. The purpose of the presented research was to analyse the degree and scope of their use by public universities in Poland, with particular focus on the context in which PBs educate young citizens. The aim of the study was to fill the research gap regarding the lack of knowledge about the scale, importance and potential educational dimensions of PB implemented at public universities, by means of analysing the use of PBs at all 92 public universities. To this end, the budget regulations, orders, informational material and other documents available on the universities’ websites regarding participatory budgets were studied, which enabled the identification of 19 universities that implement processes meeting PB criteria, and 17 of including students in the process. Analysis of the data showed significant variation in terms of the scale, scope and stakeholders involved in BP processes, and although it should be noted that the educational goals are not directly indicated by universities, a number of activities were identified in the research that could ensure the achievement of differentiated educational outcomes at different stages of the PB process.

Navigating Through the Digital Workplace: Measuring Leader Digital Competence

AbstractIn a modern digital workplace, leaders must have the necessary skills to lead employees virtually. Despite its high practical and theoretical relevance, a consensus on crucial digital competencies for virtual leaders is lacking, hindering a systematic exploration of the leader’s role in facilitating technology use. In the present article, we propose a new concept and instrument to assess leader digital competence (LDC). After reviewing the literature, we establish three dimensions of LDC, centering around the leader’s ability and inclination to select, promote, and enable technology and digital media among their employees. We provide support for the scale's convergent, discriminant, criterion-related, and incremental validity using four independent samples (N1 = 156, N2 = 309, N3 = 201, N4 employee = 452, N4 leader = 93). Furthermore, results support the reliability and factor structure with the three proposed dimensions of the 10-item LDC scale. The findings demonstrate that the scale represents a psychometrically sound instrument, useful for further examining conditions for effectiveness in the virtual environment. Future research should aim to advance the understanding of antecedents and situational factors that influence the relevance of LDC and its impact on employee, team, and organizational outcomes.

Experimental Observation of the Yang-Lee Quantum Criticality in Open Quantum Systems.

The Yang-Lee edge singularity was originally studied from the standpoint of mathematical foundations of phase transitions. However, direct observation of anomalous scaling with the negative scaling dimension has remained elusive due to an imaginary magnetic field required for the nonunitary criticality. We experimentally implement an imaginary magnetic field with an open quantum system of heralded single photons, directly measure the partition function, and demonstrate the Yang-Lee edge singularity via the quantum-classical correspondence. We also demonstrate unconventional scaling laws for finite-temperature quantum dynamics.

Self-care practice in young adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Introduction: self-care in young adults is recognized as a crucial strategy for addressing Type II Diabetes Mellitus and improving patients' quality of life. It is essential to demonstrate the proper development of these practices to ensure their effectiveness.Objective: to determine the self-care capability in young adults with Type II Diabetes Mellitus. Methodology: a descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted on 152 young adult residents of a community in the Sierra region of the state of Guerrero. Data collection was carried out using the Self-Care Agency Assessment Scale and a data form. Data analysis was developed using the SPSS v22 statistical package. Results: females predominated with 54,6 %, and the majority were married (46,7 %). The average age was 29 years, and 42,7 % had established diabetes for 1-5 years, the predominant range in the self-care timeframe (47,4 %). According to the scale used, patients showed moderately adequate self-care knowledge. Regarding the scale's dimensions, most demonstrated moderately adequate capabilities, except in the nutrition dimension, where a low self-care capability of 77,6 % was observed. Conclusion: although current habits and behaviors reflect a moderately adequate style, except in relation to nutrition, it is recommended to inquire more deeply as this could be related to other elements. The role of health personnel is fundamental, and it is suggested to implement educational strategies to promote self-care

Dimensions of scale: Connected Learning Initiative (CLIx)—a case study of educational technology initiative in India

Dimensions of scale: Connected Learning Initiative (CLIx)—a case study of educational technology initiative in India

Pursuing travel calculated hedonism: scale development and validation

ABSTRACT This research investigates travel calculated hedonism (TCH) in diverse tourism contexts. An extant literature review, five focus groups and two expert panels conceptualised TCH. Field studies operationalised TCH in drinking (N = 355), eating (N = 351), wellness (N = 330) and shopping (N = 337) contexts. Findings identified four TCH scale dimensions – delaying rewards, planned impulsiveness, planned financial compulsiveness and planned time/physical compulsiveness. Theoretical definitions of TCH set the groundwork for rationalised binging that is cognitive- and affect-driven. The methodology presents an approach for a rigorous TCH measure. The TCH scale offers a tool for practitioners to design activities that instigate rationalised binging and responsible behaviour.

Emotional regulation and self-perceived quality of life in high-performance mountain sports athletes.

Emotional regulation is an indispensable capacity for human beings, so that alterations in it can lead to the appearance of psychological, social and/or cognitive disorders. Therefore, possessing adequate emotional strategies is intimately related to the quality of life that a person presents. In this sense, high-level athletes suffer constant setbacks and frustrations due to the performance of their sporting activity, in addition to continuous modifications of their daily life activities. Thus, the objective of this research is to explore the emotional regulation and self-perceived quality of life of high-level athletes in mountain sports, analyzing the possible influences of gender, demographic location, body mass index and age. Fifty-four athletes belonging to the High Performance Technification Center of Cáceres (Extremadura, Spain) completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, as well as the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire and the WHOQOL-BREF. The Shapiro-Wilkins test was used to analyze the normality of the variables collected and nonparametric statistics were used since the assumption was not met. Both gender and demographic location showed significant differences in the dimensions of the two questionnaires. Likewise, age was associated with the dimensions of both scales, but not body mass index, which was only associated with self-perceived quality of life. In addition, the stepwise linear regression model predicted self-perceived quality of life with a value of 60% across self-culpability, gender body mass index and planning. Therefore, it appears that gender, demographic location, age and body mass index could exert modifications on the levels of emotional regulation and self-perceived quality of life of high-level mountain athletes.

Investigation of the scalar unparticle and anomalous couplings at muon colliders in final states with multiple photons in the Randall–Sundrum model

The influence of the scalar unparticle and anomalous couplings at muon colliders in final states with multiple photons in the Randall–Sundrum model is evaluated in detail. The results indicate that with fixed collision energies, the total cross-sections for the production of multiple photons depend strongly on the polarization of the muon beams, the parameters of unparticle physics (the scaling dimension [Formula: see text], operator [Formula: see text], the energy scale [Formula: see text]) and also the strength of anomalous couplings. Numerical evaluation shows that the cross-sections for the production of four photons in finale states with the contribution of scalar anomalous couplings are much larger than that of the unparticle under the same conditions. In the Higgs–radion mixing, the cross-sections achieve the maximum value at the radion-dominated state, [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]GeV, in which the cross-section is much enhanced and can be measurable in current experiments.

Gender differences in the predictive effect of perceive emotional intelligence on depressive symptomatology in older adults

The aim of this study was to analyze the associations between emotional intelligence, gender, and depressive symptomatology in older adults. To test whether there were differences between groups in the Trait Meta-Mood Scale dimension, univariate and multivariate analysis of variance were carried out, and t tests were performed to find the differences between groups in the variables that had shown differences in the univariate analysis. Participants were 853 Spanish cognitively healthy older adults between 60 and 95 years of age, with a mean age of 71.7 (SD = 7.4), of whom 64.9% were women. Self-reports were administered to assess the different variables under study. Specifically, the Trait Meta-Mood Scale-24 was used to assess emotional intelligence, and the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale to measure depressive symptomatology. The three dimensions of emotional intelligence showed differences as a function of gender and depression. Higher scores were found in the three dimensions of emotional intelligence in women. Moreover, people with higher levels of depressive symptomatology had higher scores on attention, and people with low depressive symptomatology had lower levels of clarity and repair. Women with depressive symptomatology showed high levels of attention, in contrast to men and women with low symptomatology. Considering the subjective perception of emotional intelligence, high attention to emotions and the female gender seem to be factors associated with depression in older adults, which allows us to outline a critical profile for depression that should receive special attention. Given the impact of depressive symptomatology in older adults, it is important to identify these profiles in order to detect possible risk factors for depression more effectively.

Design Strategies to Improve Metro Transit Station Walking Environments: Five Stations in Chongqing, China

While transit-oriented development (TOD) has been widely adopted in urban design alongside the expansion of urban metro transit, the creation of pedestrian-friendly environments has often been overlooked during implementation. This has resulted in a lower walking advantage around metro transit stations. To address this issue and encourage walking and public transport use in metro transit station areas, this study undertook a quantitative comparative analysis of the pedestrian environment in five Chongqing metro transit station areas. The analysis focused on three key dimensions: “comprehensive evaluation”, “basic scale”, and “structural quality”. The comprehensive evaluation considered factors such as the pedestrian catchment area ratio, POI kernel density distribution, and crowd agglomeration. The basic scale dimension comprised floor area ratio, building density, pedestrian road density, and the quantity of station entrances and exits. Finally, structural quality factors included land use type mixing degree, POI function mixing degree, intersection connectivity, median street length, pedestrian route directness, and green view index. Based on these analyses, this study proposes a series of pedestrian environment design strategies including land use and transportation. The strategies for land use advocate for “developing compact and diverse land use”, “strengthening attraction of station center”, “positioning large projects on the edge”, “restricting private transportation capabilities”. The strategies for transportation consist of “increasing pedestrian road density”, “traffic calming organization”, “subdivision of road types”, and “three-dimensional pedestrian traffic system”. These strategies aim to create a more humanized and environmentally friendly pedestrian environment, proactively rise to the challenge of climate change, thereby cultivating sustainable urban development.

Galaxy clustering multi-scale emulation

Simulation-based inference has seen increasing interest in the past few years as a promising approach to modelling the non-linear scales of galaxy clustering. The common approach, using the Gaussian process, is to train an emulator over the cosmological and galaxy–halo connection parameters independently for every scale. We present a new Gaussian process model that allows the user to extend the input parameter space dimensions and to use a non-diagonal noise covariance matrix. We use our new framework to simultaneously emulate every scale of the non-linear clustering of galaxies in redshift space from the ABACUSSUMMITN-body simulations at redshift z = 0.2. The model includes nine cosmological parameters, five halo occupation distribution (HOD) parameters, and one scale dimension. Accounting for the limited resolution of the simulations, we train our emulator on scales from 0.3 h−1 Mpc to 60 h−1 Mpc and compare its performance with the standard approach of building one independent emulator for each scale. The new model yields more accurate and precise constraints on cosmological parameters compared to the standard approach. As our new model is able to interpolate over the scale space, we are also able to account for the Alcock-Paczynski distortion effect, leading to more accurate constraints on the cosmological parameters.

Psychometric evaluation of a new instrument to hookah tobacco smoking-related factors in the Iranian female university students based on the Extended Parallel Process Model.

The higher prevalence of hookah tobacco smoking (HTS) has become worrisome in women. Thus, it is essential to identify and measure the perceptions associated with this unhealthy behavior as well as the type of response to risk messages to design the effective programs. This study aimed to psychometric evaluation of a new instrument, named the Extended Parallel Process Model-Hookah Tobacco Smoking Questionnaire (EPPM-HTSQ), for female university students. This methodological study was conducted in 2019-2020 in central and western Iran. The first version of the instrument was developed with 97 items. Face, Content, and construct validity methods were used to assess the EPPM-HTSQ validity. The data viability for factorability was guided through Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) measure of sample adequacy (Values >0.7) and Bartlett's test of Sphericity (P < 0.05). The Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) method with varimax rotation and SPSS software was performed to identify the main factors of the questionnaire and interpretable factors. The internal consistency and external reliability were determined. The test-retest was used for evaluating the stability of tools. During the assessment of the face and content validity 71 items remained in the questionnaire. EFA led to the extraction of nine dimensions: "Focusing on superior rewards," "Response Efficacy," "Perceived physical threat," "Perceived social threat," "Self-efficacy," "Fear control," "Attitude," "Fear," and "Intention" Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) test (0.957) and Bartlett's test (P < 0.001). Cronbach's alpha (0.871-0.951) and ICC (0.985-0.998) were approved for scale dimensions. Important findings of the present study were the development and validation of the EPPM-HTSQ for measuring EPPM variables in relation to HTS; introducing a new variable "focusing on superior rewards"; as well as, the new classification of the concept of "perceived threat." The final version of the EPPM-HTSQ is a valid and reliable tool, but it is suggested to be re-evaluated in other studies with different populations and sample sizes.

Numerical experiments on scalar transport and mixing in turbulent boundary layers

In this work, we present numerical experiments aimed at dynamically establishing the separate role of the inner and outer cycles on the scalar transport in the configuration of a temporally evolving boundary layer. The experiments are based on the study of the evolution of passive scalars driven by velocity fields where inner and outer cycles are alternately suppressed. Two different approaches are implemented. In the first, the discrimination between inner and outer cycle activities is based on the scale dimension of the involved motions. The second instead, discriminates on the basis of the distance from the wall of the turbulent motions. The two approaches depict the same scenario. Both the inner and outer cycles appear to be autonomous and, in a sense, independent, since their dynamics remain qualitatively unaltered despite facing two different conditions. The outer cycle faces a free boundary at the top and simply rescales according to what is supplied by the inner cycle. The inner cycle, on the other hand, resides between the wall and the outer region. As a result, the reduction of the scalar fluxes in the outer region due to the suppression of the outer cycle causes a damping in the near-wall region activities.

Evaluating the antifungal effectiveness, leaching characteristics, flexural strength, and impact strength of polymethyl methacrylate added with small-scale silver nanoparticles - An in vitro study.

(1) To assess the release of stable silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) of small scale dimension added to heat polymerized polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) in 6 months. (2) Assessing the influence of incorporating minimal concentrations of stable AgNPs with nanoscale dimensions into heat polymerized PMMA over a 6 month period on its antifungal efficacy (AF), flexural strength (FS), and impact strength (IS). Incorporating nanoparticles with a very small scale may have minimal impact on mechanical properties due to their diminutive size. However, the influence of these small scaled nanoparticles on antimicrobial efficacy and potential escalation in toxicity to host cells through leaching remains unexplored. AgNPs were prepared using an Ultrasonic Probe sonicator and the addition of ammonia to obtain stabilized AgNPs (< 0.01 nm) of small scale dimension. The characterization of these AgNPs involved ultraviolet visible spectroscopy, X ray diffraction, Zetasizer, and transmission electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (TEM). The prepared AgNPs were then added in various percentages by weight (0%-0.5%) to fabricate 252 modified PMMA samples of sizes 10 mm × 3 mm (AF, n = 108), 65 mm × 10 mm × 3 mm (FS, n = 72), and 65 mm × 10 mm × 2.5 mm (IS, n = 72) as per ADA specification no. 12. These samples underwent testing for leaching out of AgNPs and efficacy against Candida albicans for 6 months. The effect on FS and IS was evaluated using the three point bending test and Charpy's Impact Tester, respectively. Intergroup comparison of CFU between various concentrations of AgNP was done using the Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA test succeeded by Mann-Whitney test for pair wise comparisons. Difference in CFU of various concentrations over 6 months was seen using one way ANOVA test. Intergroup comparison of FS and IS was performed using a one way ANOVA test, followed by a post hoc Tukey's test for pair wise comparisons. Repeated tests showed no leaching out of AgNPs from the denture base resin into the storage medium. All concentrations of AgNPs incorporated in resin showed inhibition of Candida growth. Intergroup comparison of FS and IS revealed highly statistically significant differences (F = 15.076, P < 0.01 and F = 28.266, P < 0.01) between the groups showing a reduction in strength. The AgNPs of small scale dimension incorporated into the denture base resin imparted a strong antifungal effectiveness against C. albicans, which did not decline during the study period and did not cause any release of nanoparticles. 0.5% showed the best antifungal efficacy. This may prove to be a viable and highly effective treatment for the prevention of Candida associated denture stomatitis. However, the inclusion of these particles resulted in a decrease in both FS and IS, and this reduction was directly proportional to the percentage of added AgNPs, with 0.5% demonstrating the least IS and FS.

The Effect of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Elderly Patients with Coronary Heart Disease and Its Impact on Cardiac Function Indicators

Objective: To analyze the role of percutaneous coronary intervention and its value in elderly patients with coronary heart disease. Methods: A total of 88 elderly patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease between June 2022 and June 2023 were recruited and divided into two groups using the random number table method, with 44 cases in each group. The control group received conventional drug therapy, while the observation group received percutaneous arterial interventional treatment in addition to conventional drug therapy. Clinical efficacy, adverse cardiovascular events, cardiac function indicators, and quality of life were observed in both groups. Results: The observation group demonstrated a significantly higher total effective rate and significantly lower adverse cardiovascular events (P &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, after treatment, the observation group showed a higher left ventricular ejection fraction, as well as lower left ventricular end-systolic diameter, left ventricular end-systolic volume, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (P &lt; 0.05). Additionally, the observation group had higher scores in all eight dimensions of the SF-36 scale (P &lt; 0.05). Conclusion: For elderly patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease, percutaneous coronary intervention can achieve superior clinical efficacy and high safety and can help improve cardiac function indicators and quality of life.

The Reliability, Validity and Cross-Cultural Adaptation of Turkish Version of Jefferson Scale of Empathy for Health Professions Students

Objective: The study is aimed to study for the reliability, validity, and cross-cultural adaptation of the Turkish version of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy for undergraduate health profession students (JSE-HPS).&#x0D; Methods: Cultural adaptation of JSE-HPS was carried out in 5 stages according to the protocol of Beaton et al.JSE-HPS was administered to students who educated in the departments of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Nursing and Health Management. The reliability of JSE-HPS was evaluated by internal consistency and test-retest analysis using Cronbach's alpha and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), respectively. Criterion validity assessed by comparing the scores of JSE-HPS and Emphatic Tendency Scale (ETS). An analysis of construct validity was carried out by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.&#x0D; Results: The exploratory factor analysis revealed the presence of three factors that explain 44.68% of the total variance and that correspond to the dimensions of the original scale. Following factor structures were obtained as “Perspective taking”, “Compassionate care” and “Standing in patient's shoes”. Turkish version of JSE-HPS total score were significantly correlated with the ETS total score (r=0.187, p=.005). The Cronbach’s Alpha internal consistency coefficient was found α = .793. The test-retest reliability coefficient was 0.86. The confirmatory factor analysis verified a good fit of the model (χ2/df = 1.776).&#x0D; Conclusion: The Turkish version of JSE-HPS is a valid and reliable scale for evaluating empathy levels of undergraduate health professions students.

Scale recurrence lemma and dimension formula for Cantor sets in the complex plane

Abstract We prove a multidimensional conformal version of the scale recurrence lemma of Moreira and Yoccoz [Stable intersections of regular Cantor sets with large Hausdorff dimensions. Ann. of Math. (2)154(1) (2001), 45–96] for Cantor sets in the complex plane. We then use this new recurrence lemma, together with Moreira’s ideas in [Geometric properties of images of Cartesian products of regular Cantor sets by differentiable real maps. Math. Z.303 (2023), 3], to prove that under the right hypothesis for the Cantor sets $K_1,\ldots ,K_n$ and the function $h:\mathbb {C}^{n}\to \mathbb {R}^{l}$ , the following formula holds: $$ \begin{align*}HD(h(K_1\times K_2 \times \cdots\times K_n))=\min \{l,HD(K_1)+\cdots+HD(K_n)\}.\end{align*} $$

Adaptation of the Achievement Emotions Questionnaire for Physical Education (AEQ- PE) to the Turkish Language

Emotions affect students' cognitive development and performance, their personality and character, and their psychological and physical health. As a type of emotion, achievement emotions are among the most common and functionally important emotions in modern education and modern society. Lack of studies relevant to achievement emotions in the field of physical education in our country made this study necessary to be conducted. Therefore, the study aimed to adapt the Achievement Emotions Questionnaire for Physical Education (AEQ-PE) developed by Fierro-Suero et al. (2020) into Turkish. Data were collected from 369 secondary school students. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), item-total correlation, Cronbach's Alpha, Spearman Brown, test-retest (n= 90) and measurement invariance analyses were conducted to measure the validity and reliability of the scale. As a result of CFA, goodness-of-fit and factor loading values were found to be at acceptable and good levels. Cronbach's Alpha values of the sub-factors of the scale ranged between .620 and .815. The Spearman Brown coefficient was .767 and the test-retest result was .91. The measurement invariance analysis showed that there was no difference between the male and female students. In addition, the scale dimensions under positive and negative emotions were confirmed by second-order factor analysis. As a result of the analyses, the scale was found to be a valid and reliable measurement tool for the studies which will be conducted on Turkish population.

Cerebellar tDCS enhances functional communication skills in chronic Aphasia

ABSTRACT Background Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has emerged as a possible neuromodulatory tool to augment language therapy in post-stroke aphasia. However, there is limited information on whether tDCS may help to improve everyday functional communication. Aims To investigate whether cerebellar tDCS combined with computerized aphasia treatment improves functional communication skills in individuals with chronic aphasia. Methods and Procedures In a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled, within-subject crossover study, participants received 15 sessions of anodal (n = 14) or cathodal (n = 14) cerebellar tDCS plus computerized aphasia treatment then sham plus computerized aphasia treatment, or the opposite order. Linear mixed-effects regression models were performed to evaluate (1) the effect of tDCS treatment on change in functional communication skills on the two dimensions of the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association Functional Assessment of Communication Skills for Adults (ASHA-FACS): Communication Independence (CI) scale and Qualitative Dimension of Communication (QDC) scale, and (2) the relationship between functional communication skills and trained and untrained naming abilities. Outcomes and Results The results showed significant tDCS-induced gains for the overall QDC mean score, but not for the overall CI mean score. Cerebellar stimulation was more effective than sham for the overall QDC mean score immediately post-treatment, 2-weeks post-treatment and 2-months post-treatment. Follow up analysis separated by group showed that the change in the overall QDC mean score (combining both phases) were similar in participants receiving anodal or cathodal stimulation. We also found a significant linear association between the ASHA-FACS overall CI mean change scores and trained and untrained naming change scores for the tDCS condition but not sham. Conclusions Our study provides preliminary evidence that cerebellar tDCS coupled with computerized aphasia treatment has the potential to improve the overall qualitative dimensions of functional communication skills in individuals with chronic aphasia. Clinical Trial Registration Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Aphasia Treatment [NCT02901574]

Universal asymptotics for high energy CFT data

Equilibrium finite temperature observables of a CFT can be described by a local effective action for background fields — a “thermal effective action”. This effective action determines the asymptotic density of states of a CFT as a detailed function of dimension and spin. We discuss subleading perturbative and nonperturbative corrections to the density, comparing with free and holographic examples. We furthermore show how to use the thermal effective action on more complicated geometries at special locations called “hot spots”. The hot spot idea makes a prediction for a CFT partition function on a higher-dimensional version of a genus-2 Riemann surface, in a particular high temperature limit. By decomposing the partition function into a novel higher-dimensional version of genus-2 conformal blocks (which we compute at large scaling dimension), we extract the asymptotic density of heavy-heavy-heavy OPE coefficients in a higher-dimensional CFT. We also compute asymptotics of thermal 1-point functions using the same techniques.