Ryazan Region Research Articles

New findings of Decapoda (Crustacea) in the Callovian of the Ryazan region (Central European Russia)

AbstractThe decapod crustaceans of Central European Russia have been the subject of studies since the nineteenth century, and the only species, Eryma quadriverrucatum Trautschold, 1866 (Erymidae), has been found in the Callovian to the Oxfordian of that region. The present paper discusses the new exceptional findings of Solenoceridae, Glypheidae, and Mecochiridae from the upper Callovian sites of the Ryazan Region. The previously reported presence of Archeosolenocera sp. is confirmed in detail; Glypheopsis aff. G. etalloni (Oppel, 1861) and Eumorphia sp. are noticed for the first time for this area. Modern identification of erymids is reported: Eryma aff. E. ventrosum (von Meyer, 1835), E. ornatum (Quenstedt, 1858), and Stenodactylina insignis (Oppel, 1862) are noted in addition to E. quadriverrucatum. These findings address the gaps in the fragmented knowledge about the decapod fauna of Central European Russia and exhibit a differentiation of the local Russian decapod assemblage from those of Western Europe. The decapod community of the Ryazan region is considered to be associated with soft substrates of upper sublittoral zone.

УРОЖАЙНОСТЬ ОЗИМОЙ ПШЕНИЦЫ В ЗАВИСИМОСТИ ОТ ОБРАБОТКИ ПОЧВЫ И ГЕРБИЦИДОВ

In studies conducted in the conditions of the Ryazan region on gray forest soil, the effectiveness of the joint use of types of soil treatment and herbicides in winter wheat crops was determined. Phytosanitary, yield and economic indicators in the technology of wheat grain production, depending on factors, are determined. Ac-cording to the results, the species composition of weeds in winter wheat agrocenoses was determined, where 34 species were identified, among which 12 are the most common, from the families of haze, cabbage, cere-als, aster, buckwheat and others. In the experiment, the most effective way of pre-sowing tillage is determined by cultivation. The greatest increase in yield and the maximum economic effect is provided by the herbicide Prishans, SE, at a dose of 0.6 l / ha, used at the beginning of the phase of entering the wheat tube, provided that it is processed in the early phases of weed vegetation development. On average, according to the years of the study, the maximum yield of winter wheat was noted on variants with cultivation during the treatment of crops with herbicides Prishans, SE (43.2 c/ha) and Dianat, BP (42.0 c/ha). The maximum increase relative to the control, on average for two years, was 48.4% (+14.1 c/ha) on the variant Cultivation + herbicide Prishans, SE.

The effectiveness of autumn application of the herbicide Alistair Grand, MD depending on the consumption rates and phases of development of winter wheat on dark gray forest soils of the Ryazan region

As a leader in the development of high plant protection technologies, Bayer CropScience was the first in Russia to introduce the herbicide Alistair Grand, MD, specialized specifically for autumn use on winter grain crops. Experiments to study the effectiveness of the herbicide were laid in the fields of the ISA, a branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution FNATS VIM in the Ryazan Region in 2020–2021 and 2021–2022. on dark gray forest heavy loamy soil. Under pre-sowing cultivation, 1.0 c/ha of azofos was applied. In the phase of spring tillering, winter wheat crops were fertilized with ammonium nitrate of 1.0 c/ha. Herbicide Alistair Grand, MD was applied in doses of 0.8 and 1.0 l / ha (spraying) in the phase of 1-3 leaves of the culture. In the same doses, Alistair Grand, MD (spraying) was used in the tillering phase of the crop. On the control variant, the herbicide was not used. Two-year tests of the autumn application of the herbicide Alistair Grand, MD in the phase of 1-3 leaves and in the tillering phase with a rate of application of 0.8 and 1.0 l / ha on winter wheat crops showed its high efficiency in the destruction of annual dicotyledonous and annual cereal (common broomstick) weeds. Annual dicots were inhibited to 97.9% in number and up to 96.6% by weight. tenacious bedstraw – by 11.5–12.5 pcs/m2, wild spin – by 17–19 pcs/m2, field and shepherd's purse violets – by 5.5–6.0 pcs/m2, common broom – by 14–15 pcs/m2. Surveys at the resumption of vegetation and before harvesting showed the complete destruction of the common broomstick. From the use of the drug, an additional grain yield of 106.9–114.7% was obtained.

Search for productive, drought-resistant accessions of soft spring wheat for breeding in the conditions of Kirov region

The article presents the results of study of 73 varieties of soft spring wheat from the new samples in the world collection of the Federal Research Center "All-Russian Institute of Plant Breeding named after N. I. Vavilov" in order to include the productive, drought-resistant samples into the working collection on crop breeding in the conditions of the Kirov region. According to the results of the field assessment of 2019...2021, which includes an analysis of the elements of productivity and yield structure, 23 samples were identified as sources of breeding-valuable traits. According to the lowest depression of thevalues of productivity elements in a dry year (2021, НTC = 1.07) relative to the optimal moisture supply (2019, НTC = 1.30), domestic medium-ripened samples RIMA (Moscow region, Ryazan region), Tobolskaya (Altai Kr.), Ulyanovskaya 105 and Ekada 70 (Ulyanovsk region) are classified as drought-resistant, which allows them to be included into breeding work for resistance to summer drought. Resistance to early spring drought was evaluated in the laboratory conditions under simulated drought (sucrose solution, osmotic pressure 6 atm.) and normal humidification conditions (distilled water, 0 atm.) according to the percentage of germination of seeds and the parameters of one seedling (the number of seminal roots, the mass of dry matter). As the result, 19 potentially drought-resistant samples of soft spring wheat were identified. For inclusion into breeding work for resistance to early spring drought, medium-early varieties Zauralochka (Kurgan region, Russia) and Chayka (Belarus), medium-ripened RIMA (Moscow region, Ryazan region, Russia) and Uralosibirskaya (Omsk region, Russia) are recommended.Highly productive samples with complex drought resistance Ekada 109 (Tatarstan, Russia) and Ekaterina (Sverdlovsk region, Russia) have been identified, which provides them to be considered as universal donors for the creation of varieties of soft spring wheat adapted to the conditions of the Kirov region.

Analysis and evaluation of the effectiveness of autotransplantation of teeth

BACKGROUND: The successful technique of autotransplantation of wisdom teeth as an additional method of restoring dentition in patients with impending removal of the first or second molars is relevant.
 AIM: To assess the effectiveness of autotransplantation of wisdom teeth instead of an extracted tooth (first or second molars).
 METHODS: The study analyzed 30 patients aged 2238 years who were treated at the Ryazan Regional Clinical Hospital (Department of Maxillofacial Surgery) and Prime Dental Clinic LLC between January 2016 and August 2022 and underwent autotransplantation of a tooth. We evaluated the mobility of the replanted teeth, nociceptive sensitivity, depth of the dentoalveolar furrow, and computed tomography (CT) results. To assess the effectiveness of the technique, the Periotest M device, periodontal chart, and photoprotocol were used.
 RESULTS: During the study, the survival rate of the replanted teeth was 100%. The depth of the dentoalveolar furrow reached normal values in 93% of clinical cases and mobility within normal limits in 87% of cases. On CT, no signs of ankylosis and inflammation of bone tissue in the area of the transplanted teeth were observed in all the studied patients.
 CONCLUSION: Autotransplantation of a tooth is an effective and well-predicted technique that allows restoring the integrity of the dentition in patients indicated for the removal of the first or second molars.

Economically valuable characteristics and breeding indices of spring barley varieties of different ecological and geographical origin in the conditions of the Ryazan region

The article presents the results of research conducted in the collection nursery of spring barley in the conditions in 2020–2022. The purpose of the research is to identify economically valuable traits and calculate breeding indices of selected sources of spring barley of different ecological and geographical origin in the conditions of the forest–steppe zone of the Ryazan region for inclusion in the hybridization program. It was revealed that the varieties Reliable (RF) and Dzivosny (Belarus) had the highest productivity in the conditions of the region with an average yield of 6.48 and 6.40 t/ha, respectively. It was found that the shortest straw had the German varieties KVS Vermont and Ellinor, whose height is in the range of 63-67 cm and varies little over the years of research (CV, % = 3.9 ...6.0). According to the length of the ear, the varieties Bente (Germany) (8.2 cm), Jaromir and Noble (8.0 cm) (RF) stood out. It was revealed that the maximum number of grains in the ear is formed by the Yaromir and Noble varieties – 23.7 pcs. and 23.4 pcs., respectively. According to grain size, the varieties Kufal, Raider (Belarus) and Bente were distinguished, having a mass of 1000 grains of more than 50.0 g. When calculating the breeding indices, it was found that the productivity of domestic varieties was influenced by the Canadian Ki index (r= +0.829) and the harvest index of KHOZ, % (r= +0.559), the Belarusian varieties of the IPPR plant productivity index (r= +0.478), German varieties Ki (r= +0.747) and the linear density index ear of LPC (r = +0.604). On average, according to the number of selected indices, the Noble and Dzivosny varieties come out on top – the maximum indicators for three indices, Yaromir (RF), Ataman (Belarus), KVS Harris, KVS Vermont, Beatrice (Germany) – in second place – for two indices. The varieties of spring barley distinguished by the individual studied positive signs and their complex are recommended for use in breeding programs.

Comparative analysis of grain productivity and biometric elements of winter wheat varieties depending on the variety change periods

The current study was carried out at the Institute of Seed production and Agrotechnologies, Branch of the Federal Budgetary Scientific Institution “Federal Research Agro-Engineering Center VIM” (Ryazan region) on dark gray forest soil of medium fertility (organic matter content 5.60 %) in 2018–2022. The objects of the study were 9 winter common wheat varieties (developed by the FSBSI FRC “Nemchinovka” and FSBSI FRAC VIM), which were included in the State List of Breeding Achievements from 2005–2023 in the Central region of the Non-Blackearth part of the Russian Federation and divided according to the variety change periods, i.e. period V with ‘Galina’, ‘Angelina’, ‘Moskovskaya 56’, ‘Viola’; period VI with ‘Danaya’, ‘Felitsiya’, ‘Galateya’, ‘Anfisa’, ‘Boyarka’. The purpose of the study was to analyze the grain yield and biometric elements of its structural indicators in the winter common wheat varieties, depending on the variety change periods in the conditions of the southern part of the Central region of the Russian Federation. During the study, there has been established an excess of the average (by 15.9 %), minimum (by 27.9 %) and maximum (by 8.3 %) productivity of varieties of the last variety change period with 5.2 % advantage in realizing the yield potential (average 74.5 %) and adaptability coefficient by 17.4 % (average value over 1.0). The variety ‘Galateya’ has high values of productivity potential with adaptability coefficient of 1.12. There has been established that in modern varieties there was a decrease in the stem length by 5.9 cm on average. The shortest varieties were ‘Viola’, ‘Felitsiya’, ‘Anfisa’ and ‘Boyarka’ with 96–97 cm. There has been established that the varieties of the period VI experienced a stem augmentation on 12.7 %, number of grains per head on 2.5 %, grain weight per head on 11.7 % and 1000-grain weight on 4.2 % in comparison with the varieties of the previous selection. A significant contribution to the productivity of new varieties (r ≥ +0.700) was made by the traits ‘number of grains per head’ and ‘grain weight per head’. The variety ‘Anfisa’ had the longest head of 11.3 cm. The varieties ‘Galateya’, ‘Felitsiya’, and ‘Boyarka’ had number of grains per head more than 42.0 pcs., and grain weight per head of more than 2.0 g. All varieties of the last variety change had large grain, m1000 > 46.0 g, the variety ‘Galateya’ had especially coarse grain of 49.1 g.

Evolutionary analysis of the adaptive potential and productivity of winter wheat varieties in the Non-Chernozem zone of the Russian Federation

The article considers long-term studies (2013-2022), the purpose of which is to carry out an evolutionary assessment of the parameters of adaptability and productivity of winter soft wheat varieties created over the last twenty years that have undergone a variety change in the conditions of the Ryazan region and determine the vector of their selection change according to these parameters. As an object of research, 11 varieties related to the last stages of breeding work were used. It was revealed that modern varieties are superior in yield to varieties of earlier selection, regardless of external environmental conditions, and have the highest adaptability in the conditions of the region. Varieties released in the period 2013-2023 and being varieties of the modern generation (VI period), have an excess yield of 14.3% (0.8 t/ha), in comparison with the varieties of the previous selection of 2000-2011. (V period). Intervarietal yield variation reaches 15.7-16.5%, making a difference of 0.85-0.96 t/ha in favor of modern varieties. The limit of the minimum (by 21.3%) and maximum (by 10.7%) yields is higher for new varieties. According to the obtained maximum yield (more than 9.50 t/ha), varieties Galateya and Boyarka stood out. Varieties of the modern generation have a significant advantage: in realizing the yield potential (by 16.8%) and its smaller variation (by 1.7%) over the years of research; in terms of adaptability to the region of cultivation and manifested environmental stress factors, manifested in an increase in the index of variety stability (IS = 2.3), an indicator of the level of variety stability (VSS = 147.9%), adaptability coefficient (C.A.> 1.0) and evenness coefficient (B=71.2%). Winter wheat varieties of the new generation Viola, Danae, Felicia, Galateya, Anfisa, Boyarka and Ivita are presented as more productive and adaptive to the conditions of the region.

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ЭТНОГРАФОМ В.А. ФАЛЕЕВОЙ КРЕСТЬЯНСКОГО НАРОДНОГО КОСТЮМА В ПЕРИОД С 1965 – 1971 ГГ.

The article pays special attention to the clothing of the peasant population in the second half of the XIX – first half of the XX centuries on the territory of the Ryazan and Orel provinces. Many aspects that relate to the traditional costume of the Bryansk and Ryazan regions remain undisclosed today. The study allows us to trace the study of ethnographic material, which is extremely relevant for individual territories. The uniqueness of this work lies in basing the material on the personal correspondence of two ethnographers who made expeditions to the above-mentioned areas at different times. These ethnographic studies do not contradict, but complement each other, which makes it possible to create a more complete description and analysis of the peasant costume complex. The fund R-6710 of the State Archive of the Ryazan Region (GARO) has not previously been marked by the attention of researchers and is being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. In the course of the research, the method of content analysis was used, as well as the method of comparison when studying the material delivered by N.I. Lebedeva in the 1920s. In the course of the work, a typological method was used. As a result, it was concluded that this source is important due to its informative nature. The letters reveal personal issues and can serve as important materials to fill in the blank spots in the biography of researchers. As a result of the work, it is possible to reconstruct the appearance of the peasants of the Bryansk and Ryazan regions in the first half of the XX century.

Ортопедическая реабилитация с использованием дентальной имплантации в государственной системе здравоохранения

INTRODUCTION: New modern technology – rehabilitation of missing teeth by dental implantation is relevant nowadays, since it determines the high result of orthopedic rehabilitation and improves the quality of patients’ life. The work presents the aspects of the implantological treatment in the system of public healthcare of the Ryazan region. The article, on an example of the united city dental organization providing dental services to the entire population of the regional center, presents difficulties in identifying the real need for dental implantation at the regional level, which is associated with the fact of receiving dental care by a part of patients in private clinics that do not submit statistical data to the reports of the region. The data of a scientific study conducted in the Ryazan region to identify the loyalty of old-age pensioners to public dental organizations are presented. The influence of preventive measures aimed at combating the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) on the implementation of the volumes of dental care, including dental implantation, is noted. CONCLUSION: The development of the method of orthopedic rehabilitation using dental implantation in the public healthcare system is an important method of rehabilitation of patients with partial and complete loss of teeth, including a socially unprotected group of people of non-working age – pensioners by age who are loyal mainly to public dental organizations.

Нормативное правовое регулирование оказания медицинской помощи больным с предраковыми состояниями и злокачественными новообразованиями органов и тканей рта в Рязанской области

INTRODUCTION: Currently, the prevalence of malignant neoplasms (MNPs) continues to stay at a high level. Success in reducing morbidity with oncologic diseases depends on many factors with the essential one being the development of the legal framework for organization of medical care for patients with precancerous conditions and MNPs of the oral mucosa and lips. A content-analysis of the sources of the regulatory legal information was performed based on the following keywords and their combinations: dentistry, neoplasm, screening, oral mucosa. The sources were studied by regular review of the electronic Garant database (http://base.garant.ru). Sixteenth regulatory legal acts were identified from 2017 to the present. CONCLUSION: Based on the studied regulatory legal acts for providing care to patients with malignant neoplasms (MNPs) and precancerous conditions of the organs and tissues of the oral cavity in the Ryazan region, it can be concluded that the management takes an active part in the organization of prevention, diagnosis, treatment of patients with MNPs of different organs and systems, including the maxillofacial region, as well as of their rehabilitation. The implementation of the regional program to combat oncological diseases, on the one hand, reflects their high prevalence, and on the other hand, the active participation of the government and the leadership of the Ryazan region in solving this problem. The documents regulating the procedure for provision of medical care in the profiles ‘oncology’ and ‘dentistry’ detail the actions of medical personnel when treating a patient with a MNP. Special attention is paid to the issues of prevention and early detection of oncological diseases in the population of the Ryazan region, as well as dispensary monitoring of patients with oncopathology. This confirms the preventive orientation of medical care, however, there are shortcomings regarding the lack of specific information about the role of a dentist in these issues, as well as about screening diagnostic methods in dentistry, incentive payments to doctors of the Ryazan region for identified cases of MNPs.

Structural analysis of alimentary-caused morbidity of the population caused by biological risk factors significant in the production and processing of food products

The article presents an analysis of the ten-year dynamics of alimentary-related morbidity in the population of the Ryazan region, caused by biological risk factors that are significant in the production and processing of food products. The most significant groups of biological risk factors requiring special sanitary control have been identified. In the course of the research, statistical methods were used to analyze and evaluate cyclical trends in morbidity, methods for predicting the dynamics of morbidity, comparing the dynamics of infectious and parasitic morbidity with the dynamics of alimentary-related biological risk factors. The results of the analysis over a ten-year period showed that the greatest danger at present in terms of food safety is posed by risk factors of bacterial etiology. These are bacteria of the genus Salmonella (Lignieres 1900), diarrheagenic serovariants of Escherichia coli (Migula 1895, Castellani and Chalmers 1919) and viral etiology: Norwalk virus (genus Norovirus, family Caliciviridae, International Committee on Virus Taxonomy, 2002) and rotaviruses (Rotavirus, family Reoviridae, International Committee on Virus Taxonomy, 1978). The work is of practical importance for further assessment of the level of biological risk of alimentary-related factors in terms of epidemiological indicators of infectious and parasitic morbidity.

Aerobiological Monitoring and Metabarcoding of Grass Pollen.

Grass pollen is one of the leading causes of pollinosis, affecting 10-30% of the world's population. The allergenicity of pollen from different Poaceae species is not the same and is estimated from moderate to high. Aerobiological monitoring is a standard method that allows one to track and predict the dynamics of allergen concentration in the air. Poaceae is a stenopalynous family, and thus grass pollen can usually be identified only at the family level with optical microscopy. Molecular methods, in particular the DNA barcoding technique, can be used to conduct a more accurate analysis of aerobiological samples containing the DNA of various plant species. This study aimed to test the possibility of using the ITS1 and ITS2 nuclear loci for determining the presence of grass pollen from air samples via metabarcoding and to compare the analysis results with the results of phenological observations. Based on the high-throughput sequencing data, we analyzed the changes in the composition of aerobiological samples taken in the Moscow and Ryazan regions for three years during the period of active flowering of grasses. Ten genera of the Poaceae family were detected in airborne pollen samples. The representation for most of them for ITS1 and ITS2 barcodes was similar. At the same time, in some samples, the presence of specific genera was characterized by only one sequence: either ITS1 or ITS2. Based on the analysis of the abundance of both barcode reads in the samples, the following order could describe the change with time in the dominant species in the air: Poa, Alopecurus, and Arrhenatherum in early mid-June, Lolium, Bromus, Dactylis, and Briza in mid-late June, Phleum, Elymus in late June to early July, and Calamagrostis in early mid-July. In most samples, the number of taxa found via metabarcoding analysis was higher compared to that in the phenological observations. The semi-quantitative analysis of high-throughput sequencing data well reflects the abundance of only major grass species at the flowering stage.

Biological and economic efficiency of herbicides in the protection of corn crops for grain in the Ryazan region

Relevance. The slow development of the crop at the beginning of the growing season (from sowing to the 5-leaf phase) makes it uncompetitive to weed species. Weeds, adapted to cool spring temperatures, and forming a powerful underground and above-ground mass, suppress corn crops. During the growing season, weeds compete with corn plants for light, soil moisture and nutrients. In the absence of protective measures, grain yield losses can be up to 70%.Methods. The results of two-year field tests of post-emergence herbicides used to reduce the harmfulness of weeds and increase the yield of corn cultivated for grain in the conditions of the Ryazan region are presented. In the scheme of the experiment, herbicides were studied: Cordus Plus, VDG — 0.2 l/ha; MeisTer Power, MD — 1.5 l/ha; Elumis, MD — 1.6 l/ha. The research was conducted in 2020 and 2021 at the experimental field of the Institute. The soil of the site is dark gray forest heavy loamy, the humus content is 3.8%. The predecessor is winter wheat. The corn variety is NK Falcon with FAO 190.Results. It was found that the studied herbicides effectively reduced the contamination of crops from 89 to 94% in 2020 and from 85 to 91% in 2021. The analysis of the elements of the structure of corn cobs showed that the number of grains and the mass of 1000 grains in the cob influenced the formation of yield. The studied herbicides contributed to an increase in the number of grains in the cob in 2020 by 148–157 pcs., in 2021 — by 85–95 pcs., as well as the mass of 1000 grains by 96–139 g and 75–93 g, respectively. An additional crop of corn grain was obtained on the variants: in 2020 — 55–60.0%, in 2021 — 70.5–78.3%.

Determination of parameters of chick embryos used in the production of inactivated influenza vaccines

The results of determining the parameters of chicken embryos for obtaining inactivated influenza vaccines are presented. The studies were carried out at LLC "Fort" (Ryazan region). 8.736 million chicken embryos were used from chickens of egg crosses Rhodonit-3, Hisex brown. In the course of the research, the dependence of the development of a chicken embryo on various growth periods was revealed. It has been established that the optimal parameters for the use of chicken embryos in the production of influenza vaccines are the life span of 7–9 days, the weight of the embryo is 2–3 g. high yield of hemagglutinin (up to 70%) compared to other groups of the sample (P<0.001). It has been shown that the increase in allantoic fluid largely depends on the purification systems used in production. The most optimal cleaning method is a tangential filtration system, which ensures high purity of the substrate obtained using chick embryos.

Trend-analysis of biological hazard for food production based on the correlation between alimentary-caused infectious and parasitic diseases of animals and humans

The article presents analytical data for assessing cyclical trends in morbidity and mortality, correlation analysis of morbidity due to zooanthroponoses, and trend analysis of biological threats based on statistical data for the Ryazan region from 2017 to 2021. This analysis made it possible to compile a matrix of pairwise Pearson correlation coefficients for infectious and parasitic diseases of animals and humans, which are zooanthroponoses, and to reveal a correlation between the incidence of humans and animals.The highest score rank (2.208) and correlation coefficient (0.88) are typical for tuberculosis caused by mycobacteria. This disease is zooanthroponosis and is particularly dangerous. The second place of the trend is occupied by bacteria of the genus Salmonella (point rank — 1.362, correlation coefficient — 0.75). The third, fourth and fifth places of the trend are occupied by acute intestinal infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus (score rank —0.577, correlation coefficient — 0.79), Escherichia coliform bacteria (score rank—0.397, correlation coefficient — 0.82), Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Klebsiella (score rank — 0.308, correlation coefficient — 0.87).

V. V. Velyaminov-Zernov on Islam: Ryazan Local Lore Studies of the 19th Century

The article analyzes the four-volume work of the orientalist of the XIX century V. V. Velyaminov-Zernov “Research on the Kasimov tsars and tsarevichs” (1863–1887), dedicated to the history of the Kasimov Khanate. The main attention is paid to the local history material about the city of Kasimov of the 17–19th centuries, including its Muslim district. The paper reveals novelty of the scientist’s approaches to history of Kasimov Tatar community. The first paragraph examines the conclusions of V. V. Velyaminov-Zernov regarding medieval fortresses located around Kasimov, the scientist concludes that these fortresses belonged to Tatar rulers during the period of the Kasimov Khanate. The second paragraph reveals the orientalist’s views on Orthodox-Muslim interaction in Kasimov in the 17–18th centuries. According to V. V. Velyaminov-Zernov, until the beginning of the 17th century there were two equivalent authorities in the city: the voivodeship court and the court of the Kasimov rulers. The article considers the history of Tatar heritage in Kasimov. The third paragraph is devoted to the 19th century. Velyaminov-Zernov’s research is useful for local historians dealing with the history of the Ryazan region.

The study of varietal and sowing qualities of zoned varieties of spring barley in the primary links of seed production in the conditions of the central part of the Ryazan region

Relevance. Over the past 15 years, a large variety of crops, including barley, has been observed in the fields of the region, which, unfortunately, is not in favor of domestic varieties. The most important task for the next decade is not only import substitution with competitive varieties of domestic breeding, namely, providing the agro-industrial complex with seeds of varieties of domestic breeding.Methods. The object of research was commercial varieties of spring barley Vladimir, Yaromir, Reliable, Noble and Raphael, of various uses.Results. Quantitative characteristics of the selected elite ears revealed that the largest ear length (8.2–8.4 cm), the number of grains in the ear (24.4–25.2 pcs.) and the weight of grain from the ear (1.26–1.28 g) were characterized by Yaromir and Noble varieties. Rigid rejection of elite plants and rejection of families in PIP-1 (up to 72.1 % on average) make it possible to obtain high-quality conditioned barley seeds for laying PIP-2. The grain obtained from the nurseries of primary seed production differed in size. The weight of 1000 grains varied by year in PIP-1 from 50.4 g (Yaromir variety, 2021) to 58.9 g (Noble variety, 2020), in PIP-2 from 47.2 g (Raphael variety, 2021) to 53.3 g (Noble variety, 2022). The highest yields were characterized by varieties of modern breeding — Noble (from 4.04 to 5.50 t/ha) and Raphael (from 4.29 to 7.65 t/ha). Over the years of research, all varieties had a high yield of conditioned seeds (VKS, %) — more than 75.0%. The maximum indicators were Yaromir and Noble varieties, having VKS of 77.9 and 78.6%, respectively. The original seeds obtained had high purity (99.76–99.96%) and germination (98.0%).

Professor Anatoly Alekseevich Kurygin (1932–2011) (to the 90th anniversary of the birth)

Anatoly Alekseevich Kurygin was born on September 10, 1932 in the village of Zaborye, Solotchinsky District (now Ryazansky District), Ryazan Region, into a peasant family. In 1950, Anatoly Kurygin graduated from the Solotchinsk complete secondary school with excellent and good marks and applied for admission to the Ryazan Medical Institute. A. Kurygin decided to become a surgeon already at the beginning of his studies at the Institute and persistently went to achieve this goal. After graduating from the 4th year, Anatoly Alekseevich, along with other most successful students, received an offer to continue the study at the Military Medical Faculty at the Kuibyshev Medical Institute named after D. I. Ulyanov, agreed and joined the ranks of the Soviet Army. In July 1956, having received a diploma with honors, lieutenant of the medical service A. A. Kurygin, together with his wife Lyudmila Nikiforovna, departed for the Belarusian Military District. In April 1961, having got the highest grades (five) in the entrance exams, Anatoly Alekseevich was enrolled in the postgraduate course at the Department of Faculty Surgery named after S. P. Fedorov. As a dissertation research, Anatoly Alekseevich was instructed to study the state of lavsan prostheses and a new vascular bed at different times after arterial alloplasty. Soon after defending his dissertation, V. M. Sitenko suggested Anatoly Alekseevich to take up the issue of chronic pancreatitis, which was little studied at that time. During the year, A. A. Kurygin studied the literature on this topic and came to the convincing conclusion that it was impossible as a doctoral dissertation. Anatoly Alekseevich reported his thoughts to the head of the department, substantiated the futility of this topic and expressed a desire to study the physiological and surgical aspects of vagotomy as a new and alternative method of gastric resection for the treatment of chronic duodenal ulcers and its complications. In June 1978, the deputy head of the department, associate professor A. A. Kurygin, successfully defended the first doctoral dissertation in the USSR on the treatment of duodenal ulcers by vagotomy in combination with pyloroplasty. Five years later, in November 1987, professors of the Military Medical Academy V. M. Sitenko, A. A. Kurygin and A. I. Nechay, as part of a group of surgeons from Moscow, Kyiv and Tallinn, were awarded the title of Laureate of the USSR State Prize «For the development and implementation of new methods of treatment of peptic ulcer». In 1985, Professor A. A. Kurygin was appointed head of the Department of Surgery № 2 (for advanced medical training) of the Military Medical Academy. Anatoly Alekseevich was the author and co-author of more than 300 scientific papers, including 39 monographs and manuals, more than 25 teaching aids, 14 inventions, as well as the editor of the Abdominal Surgery section of the Small Medical Encyclopedia. Also, A.A. Kurygin published three collections of poetry. On November 12, 2011, after a severe and prolonged illness, the doctor Anatoly Alekseevich Kurygin was no longer with us. Major-General of the Medical Service A. A. Kurygin was buried on November 15 at the Serafimovsky cemetery in St. Petersburg.

Influence of Atmospheric Air Pollution on Frequency of Congenital Anomalies (on an example of a region)

INTRODUCTION: Atmospheric air pollution is the underlying factor of a great number of human diseases in both industrialized and developing countries. Studies show that exposure to atmospheric pollutions in pregnancy can be associated with an increased risk of congenital anomalies (CAs).
 AIM: To analyze the impact of atmospheric air pollutants in Ryazan city on the incidence of CAs in newborns.
 MATERIALS AND METHODS: The data of monitoring of CAs by Ryazan Regional Perinatal Center; information on atmospheric air pollution of the Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring, of Ryazan Center for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring, of Rospotrebnadzor of the Ryazan region are presented. The statistical analysis was conducted using free R computing environment (ver. 4.1.2).
 RESULTS: In 2019, the prevalence of CAs in Ryazan was 24.09 per 1,000 newborns; in the period 20102021, the absolute number of recorded CAs grew by 244.57%. The most common congenital anomalies were Q21.0 Ventricular septal defects (28.5%, 95% CI: 20.836.2%) and Q62.0 Congenital hydronephrosis (7.3%, 95% CI: 2.911.7%). Correlation was recorded with such air pollutant as sulfur dioxide (SO2) in the second month of pregnancy (AOR 1.39; 95%; CI 1.051.83, p 0.05) and the third month of pregnancy (AOR 1.59; 95% CI 1.172.16, p 0.05). No statistically significant relationship was established between CAs and carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and ozone (O3, p 0.05).
 CONCLUSION: The study confirms the association between atmospheric air pollution and frequency of CAs. In particular, SO2 has a negative effect in the second and third months of pregnancy. In this context, it is important that the authority bodies of the region and governmental regulatory agencies direct their efforts to reduction of the pollution of the environment which should help reduce the frequency of CAs in children.