By 2015, no unity of opinions has formed concerning the purposes, tasks and essence of bachelor's and master's degrees in Russian higher education institutions. With regard to this, we deem it essential to analyze theoretical provisions of the degrees based directly on Bologna agreements. This will allow outlining their correlation with qualifications and degrees accepted in the Russian Federation. The paper analyzes and determines the content of degrees “Bachelor”, “Master” and “Doctor” throughout the official documents of Bologna Process. The typology of Bologna degrees in correlation with ones accepted in the Russian Federation is given too. The theoretical analysis of Bologna agreements has allowed the identification of Bologna degrees. It has enabled us to draw the structure of Bologna degrees and correlate them with qualifications and degrees accepted in the Russian Federation. The matrix developed also allows understanding the structure and essence of Bologna degrees of secondary and higher education depending on the level (cycle) of training and type of graduates’ future work (professional or research one).