Routine Health Checks Research Articles

Climate and air pollution exposure are associated with thyroid function parameters: a retrospective cross-sectional study.

There are still controversies about the impact of climatic and environmental factors on thyroid function parameters in healthy populations. We investigated the relationships between climate, air pollution exposure, and thyroid function fluctuations. We retrospectively reviewed 327,913 individuals attending routine health checks from December 2013 to December 2018. We analyzed the associations between thyroid function and climatic factors using Spearman's correlation analysis. We explored the relationships between thyroid function and air pollution exposure using multiple linear regression analysis, after adjusting for age, sex, season, and outdoor temperature. We also performed subgroup analyses by age and sex and sensitivity analyses of different anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody status. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free triiodothyronine (FT3) were negatively associated with outdoor temperature (r = - 0.66, P < 0.001; r = - 0.55, P < 0.001), while free thyroxine (FT4) and FT4/FT3 were positively associated with temperature (r = 0.35, P < 0.001; r = 0.79, P < 0.001). An increase of 10μg/m3 in fine particulate matter ≤ 2.5μm (PM2.5) was associated with a decrease of 0.12pmol/L in FT4 and an increase of 0.07pmol/L in FT3 (both P < 0.01). FT4/FT3 was significantly negatively associated with PM2.5 (coefficient: - 0.06, P < 0.01). These results remained robust in hierarchical analyses and sensitivity analyses. Thyroid function parameters are associated with climate and air pollution exposure. These factors may influence variations in thyroid function. Our results also highlight the importance of public health interventions to reduce air pollution.

Sex and Age-related Parasitism of &lt;i&gt;Clarias gariepinus&lt;/i&gt; in earthen ponds in African Regional Aquaculture Centre, Aluu, Rivers State, Nigeria

This study aimed at investigating the sex and age-related parasitic burden of Clarias gariepinus cultured in earthen ponds. Eighty–five (85) fish samples were selected randomly for analyses from three earthen ponds. Sexing was done by the observation of the urinogenital papillae. For parasitological analysis, skin and gill scrapes were taken for external parasites while the stomach and intestines were slit open, rinsed and observed for helminthic worms. Parasites identified included; Chilodonella sp. (0.3%), Ichthyophthirius sp. (41.1%), Trichodina sp. (55%), Icthyobodo sp., (1.0%) and Gyrodactylus sp. (2.4%). From the study 31 out of 56 males and 20 out of 27 females were infected with parasites. Prevalence of infection in males and females were 55.36% and 74.07% respectively. Mean intensity of parasites was also higher for females (150.75) than for males (62.68) Chi square analysis however, revealed no significant effect (p&lt;0.05) of parasitism on gender. It was further observed that juvenile males and early adult females respectively, had more parasites with 55.3 and 92.4 parasite mean intensities. Among age groups, the mid juveniles (25-99g) (19%), late juveniles (100-299g) (65%) and early adults (300-500g) (14%) were most infected, although there was no significant effect (p&lt;0.05). Sex-related prevalence could be based on hormonal changes and reproduction in females, and competitive search for mates by males. Age-related infection was predicated upon active feeding habits reported among fish of these ages It is therefore recommended that routine health checks be carried out for pond cultured fish. Furthermore, that older fish be sorted and kept together, as they would have stronger immunity than younger fish.&#x0D; Keywords; Zoonoses, fish infection, late juveniles, earthen pond, Clarias gariepinus, sex, age

Identification of Sick or Dead Mice (Mus musculus) Housed with 6 Grams of Crinkle Paper Nesting Material.

Although nesting material is beneficial to the welfare of laboratory mice, provision of appropriate amounts may impair visualization of the mice. In anticipation of our academic research institution transitioning to providing 6 grams of nesting material to all mice, we conducted a 2-step prospective epidemiologic study to 1) evaluate whether 0, 2, or 6 grams of nesting material alters the ability to identify sick or dead mice, and 2) evaluate the number and severity of health concerns identified in the presence of 6 grams of crinkle paper nesting material at cage-side health check as compared with cage change. Animal Treatment Reports (ATRs) and death incidences were collected across a variety of research and breeding uses. This information was used to determine if nesting material prevented prompt identification of mice in need of veterinary attention. The clinical health condition category (CHCC) was determined based on the severity of the animal's health condition on initial veterinary exam. Additional assessment determined if the identification of the animal's condition was a success (early-stage or mild illness when first identified) or a failure (late-stage or endstage illness when first identified). Mice that died spontaneously were also assessed with regard to which observation activity was being performed at the time of the animal's identification (daily health check or cage change) and location of the mouse in relation to the nest. The results showed that nesting material did not cause a significant increase in the severity of CHCCs at the time reported for veterinary evaluation. Successful identification of health concerns occurred significantly more often than failures. Death rates were similar between all nesting groups, and dead mice were more likely to be located outside of the nest. In summary, nesting material did not hinder the ability to identify mice in need of veterinary care during routine cage-side health checks and did not critically affect the ability to identify mice that died spontaneously. These results indicate that mice can receive appropriate amounts of crinkle paper nesting material without lowering the ability of staff to recognize mice in need of veterinary attention.

Assessment tools for screening the mental health of refugee minors: from preschool to adolescence

Abstract The high number of asylum seekers in Sweden highlighted the need to develop and evaluate structured assessment tools for children and adolescents. In a series of studies, we aimed to explore the utility of (i) the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire with a trauma supplement of six items (SDQ-T) for preschool children; (ii) the Children's Revised Impact of Events Scale (CRIES-8) with unaccompanied refugee adolescents; and (iii) the Refugee Health Screener (RHS-13) with refugee adolescents. Parents of two- to six-year-olds (N = 61) were asked to complete the SDQ-T, and refugee adolescents were asked to complete the CRIES-8 (N = 208) and, in a separate study, the RHS-13 (N = 29) during the routine health checks. Focus-group interviews were conducted with the nurses who used the SDQ-T. The nurses felt the SDQ-T contributed to a more structured and informative conversation about the child's mental health. The SDQ total difficulties showed good internal consistency (α=.82). A significant proportion of children scored above the clinical cut-off and SDQ scores correlated with the number of post-traumatic stress symptoms measured using the trauma supplement (rho=.29). The findings suggest the SDQ-T is a useful tool in this clinical setting. The CRIES-8 was feasible to use, showed good internal consistency and its factor structure was confirmed. However, an independent assessment of test-retest reliability (N = 48) and longitudinal invariance (N = 284) indicated potential instability. It could be the CRIES-8 does not perform well when used with the unaccompanied refugee adolescent population over time, or that PTSD symptoms are less stable within this group given the multiple stressors in everyday life related to acculturation stress, family separation and living arrangements. The RHS showed excellent internal consistency (α=.96) and correlated with symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (r=.41).

Management of prepregnancy, pregnancy, and postpartum obesity from the FIGO Pregnancy and Non‐Communicable Diseases Committee: A FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) guideline

Management of prepregnancy, pregnancy, and postpartum obesity from the FIGO Pregnancy and Non‐Communicable Diseases Committee: A FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) guideline

Is Parent Engagement with a Child Health Home-Based Record Associated with Parents Perceived Attitude towards Health Professionals and Satisfaction with the Record? A Cross-Sectional Survey of Parents in New South Wales, Australia.

We examined parent views of health professionals and satisfaction toward use of a child health home-based record and the influence on parent engagement with the record. A cross-sectional survey of 202 parents was conducted across New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were conducted to identify predictors of parent engagement with the record book using odds ratio (OR) at 95% confidence interval (CI) and 0.05 significance level. Parents reported utilizing the record book regularly for routine health checks (63.4%), reading the record (37.2%), and writing information (40.1%). The majority of parents (91.6%) were satisfied with the record. Parents perceived nurses/midwives as most likely to use/refer to the record (59.4%) compared to pediatricians (34.1%), general practitioners (GP) (33.7%), or other professionals (7.9%). Parents were less likely to read the record book if they perceived the GP to have a lower commitment (Adjusted OR = 0.636, 95% CI 0.429–0.942). Parents who perceived nurses/midwives’ willingness to use/refer to the record were more likely to take the record book for routine checks (Adjusted OR = 0.728, 95% CI 0.536–0.989). Both parent perceived professionals’ attitude and satisfaction significantly influenced information input in the home-based record. The results indicate that improvements in parent engagement with a child health home-based record is strongly associated with health professionals’ commitment to use/refer to the record during consultations/checks.

Supportive and palliative care for people with respiratory problems and preexisting serious mental illness.

People living with serious mental illness are at a higher risk of developing respiratory problems that can lead to increased morbidity and early mortality. This review aimed to identify recent advances in care provision for people with respiratory problems and preexisting serious mental illness to ease symptom burden and reduce the risk of premature mortality. Intervention-based studies in this area are scarce. The evidence reviewed originated from observational studies. Concluding comments from the synthesis suggest there are specific needs for proactive screening of respiratory function as part of routine physical health checks across care settings for people living with serious mental illness, more stringent monitoring of comorbid chronic lung conditions and increased attention in reducing the frequency respiratory infections. Integrated services across care settings are needed to support people with serious mental illness to limit the impact of modifiable lifestyle factors known to be detrimental to respiratory health, such as smoking. Key priorities are identified to improve accessibility and inclusivity of respiratory care pathways for people living with serious mental illness to support early detection and proactive monitoring of respiratory problems to help reduce the risk of early mortality.

COVID-19 as a global challenge: towards an inclusive and sustainable future

COVID-19 is a global challenge that demands researchers, policy makers, and governments address multiple dimensions which go far beyond the implications of this pandemic for health and wellbeing. Just as the UN Sustainable Development Goals call for focus on the connections between development policy sectors, the pandemic has exposed the complex global interdependencies that underpin economies and highlighted fault lines in societal structures that perpetuate ethnic, economic, social, and gender inequalities.Here,wehighlightthepandemic’semerging potential consequences for achieving sustainable development with respect to the six global challenge areas we collectively address at the UK Research and Innovation’s Global Challenges Research Fund:1 food systems; education; cities and sustainable infrastructure; security, protracted conflict, refugee crises, and forced displacement; environmental resilience; and global health. As the immediate health consequences of the pandemic unfold and begin to be superseded by the impact of public health containment measures, we call for a refocusing of research and action not only to mitigate these impacts but to build sustainability and strengthened resilience into future recovery.

1473-P: Evaluation of Insulin Resistance in Healthy Nonobese Asian Indians Using TyG (Triglyceride-Glucose) Index and Its Comparison with HOMA-IR

Background: Insulin resistance(IR) is a key determinant of CV Risk and is highly prevalent in Asian Indians. However, there is limited data on IR in healthy non-obese individuals. Quantification of IR in clinical practice is a challenge and HOMA IR is the commonly used method. Triglyceride-Glucose(TyG) Index, a simple method for measuring IR, is not much used in clinical practice. This study assessed the prevalence of IR using TyG index in comparison to HOMA-IR in healthy non-obese Indians. Aims and Objectives: 1. To assess the prevalence of IR using TyG index in healthy non-obese individuals 2. To assess TyG (Triglyceride-Glucose Index)Index as a measure of IR in comparison to HOMA IR. Methodology: A total of 170 healthy non-obese individuals visiting for routine health checks were recruited in the study. Relevant anthropometric and laboratory parameters were recorded. IR was calculated using TyG index and HOMA IR using following formulae: TyG = ln (Triglycerides in mg/dL x Glucose in mg/dL/2)8 IRHOMA = (I0 × G0)/405 (I0 -fasting insulin in mIU/L, G0-fasting glucose in mg/dL)1 IR was defined as HOMA-IR &amp;gt;2.8 or TyG index &amp;gt;4.65. Prevalence of IR in the study population was calculated using both and compared. Results: Mean age of study population was 43.45±15.72 years and 55% were males. Average BMI was 22.09± 2.29 Kg/m². Systolic and diastolic BP were 117.29±7.90 and 72.12±8.37 mmHg respectively. Mean fasting blood glucose was 92.79±6.92 mg/dL, mean triglycerides 107.48 ± 28.95 mg/dL and fasting serum insulin was 11.42 ± 8.53 μU/ml. Prevalence of IR defined by TyG index was 44% as compared to 34% by HOMA IR. There was a strong correlation between TyG index and HOMA IR(p=0.006). TyG index had a high negative predictive value (74%). Conclusions: Prevalence of IR in healthy Indians is high and affects more than a third of healthy non-obese individuals. TyG index appears to be a better tool for evaluation of IR in clinical practice and has a strong correlation with HOMA IR. Disclosure C. Sharma: None. M. Arora: None. D. Gupta: None. B.M. Makkar: Advisory Panel; Self; Abbott, AstraZeneca, Biocon, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Eris Lifesciences, Novartis AG, Novo Nordisk Inc., Sanofi, USV Private Limited. Speaker’s Bureau; Self; Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Pemeriksaan Glukosa, Kolesterol dan Asam Urat pada Masyarakat Peserta Car Free Day di Balai Pelatihan Kesehatan (Bapelkes) Kota Semarang

Symptoms of a disease can be prevented if routine health checks are done. Health checks can be carried out in public and private laboratories, or free checks conducted by health education institutions through community service activities. The implementation of community service is carried out by lecturers involving students of the Medical Laboratory Science at the Muhammadiyah University of Semarang. This community service activity was carried out on December 15, 2019 in front of the Semarang Health Training Center Office on December 15, 2019. The inspection method uses Point of Care testing (POCT). The results of the examination that the number of respondents with cholesterol levels above normal for women more than men, while glucose and uric acid levels above normal in men more than women. The average cholesterol, glucose, and uric acid levels for men were 224.2; 123.1; 4.8 mg/dL respectively, while for women is 194.5; 121.2; 6,0 mg/dL. The higher age (12 - 65 years), the average cholesterol level increases from 189 to 217.8 mg/dL (15.25%) and the average glucose level increase from 84.4 to 131.5 mg / dL (55.80%), while the average uric acid level decreases from 5.4 to 5.2 mg / dL (3.85%). The conclusions of the health inspection activity about the result of cholesterol, glucose, and uric acid levels can be used to check public health

Preconception Care in a Remote Aboriginal Community Context: What, When and by Whom?

Preconception care (PCC) is acknowledged as a vital preventive health measure aiming to promote health today and for subsequent generations. We aimed to describe the content and context of PCC delivery in a very remote Australian Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Service setting. A retrospective audit was undertaken to identify what PCC was delivered between 2011 and 2018 to 127 Aboriginal women who had at least one pregnancy during this period. Of 177 confirmed pregnancies, 121 had received PCC prior to the pregnancy. Sexually transmissible infection screening (71%) was the most common care delivered, followed by folic acid prescription (57%) and smoking cessation support (43%). Younger women received PCC less often, particularly screening for modifiable pregnancy risk factors. Rates of prediabetes/diabetes, albuminuria, overweight/obesity and smoking were high amongst those screened (48–60%). PCC was usually patient-initiated and increased significantly over the audit period. Presentation for antenatal care in the first trimester of pregnancy was high at 73%. Opportunities to increase PCC delivery include integration with routine health checks, pregnancy tests and chronic disease programs. PCC programs codesigned with young people are also recommended. All primary care providers should be supported and assisted to provide opportunistic PCC and health promotion.

Penatalaksanaan Pasien Rheumatoid Arthritis Berbasis Evidence Based Nursing : Studi Kasus

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Background:&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;One of the chronic diseases is rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common auto immune disease, which is inflammation of the joints that occurs in adulthood and the elderly. According to the American Collage Of Rheumatology, 2015, rheumatoid arthritis has a significant negative impact on the ability to move, both work and household chores and affect quality of life and increase mortality&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;Indications of an increase in cases of rheumatism in the community one of them because of the lack of family attention to the prevention and care of family members who have rheumatic diseases. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aim&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;: To find out Family Nursing Care with the Application of Complementary Therapy in Rheumatism Cases in &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;one of Kanagarian Sumatera Barat&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Method&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;: &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;In implementation, complementary therapy is applied to Rheumatic patients, namely through routine health checks, physical activity, rheumatic diet, gymnastics elderly, and consumption fro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Results&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;: &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;Rheumatism pain that was experienced Ny. Z has decreased from pain scale 6 (moderate) to 2 (mild) after ingestion of the frost for ± 6 days&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Conclusion&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;: &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;: &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;The application of complementary therapies showed improvement in patients suffering from rheumatism, therefore, the application of evidence-based nursing in providing nursing care is recommended&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

Using algorithms to initiate needs-based interventions for people on antipsychotic medication: implementation protocol

IntroductionNon-adherence to antipsychotic medications for individuals with serious mental illness increases risk of relapse and hospitalisation. Real time monitoring of adherence would allow for early intervention. AI2 is a both...

Establishing reference standards for the vasovagal tonus index in a cohort of healthy French Bulldogs.

The vasovagal tonus index (VVTI), a time-domain indicator of heart rate variability, has been suggested as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in dogs with cardiac disease and heart failure. Brachycephalic breeds tend to have a higher VVTI than non-brachycephalic breeds.11 The objective of this study was to obtain standard VVTI reference values from a representative cohort of healthy French Bulldogs based on a single ECG recording. A second aim of this study was to evaluate the practicability of a VVTI screening in the clinical routine by evaluating repeatability of the VVTI across five successive measurements. In order to determine baseline factors potentially influencing the VVTI, the impact of stress, activity and character as well as sex and neutering status were evaluated. Out of 73 French Bulldogs screened, 60 dogs were considered healthy based on their medical history, physical examination, blood pressure and ECG, and no evidence of congenital or acquired heart disease on echocardiographic examination. The VVTI was calculated based on the variance of 20 R-R intervals and the corresponding HR extrapolated to one minute from the same 20 R-R intervals. In addition, a maximum of five consecutive VVTI values were calculated based on 100 successive R-R intervals recorded from each dog. VVTI values ranged from 5.66 to 11.3 with a mean (standard deviation [SD]) of 8.82 (1.43); the corresponding HR ranged from 78 to 173 bpm with a mean (SD) of 120 (23) bpm. Importantly, VVTI and HR values were negatively correlated (R = 0.689; adjusted R² = 0.466), which must be considered for clinical interpretation of the VVTI. The repeatability across five successive sets of 20 heartbeats was shown (mean intra-individual variability of 6.1%). Stress significantly influenced the VVTI and HR (p < 0.001). The VVTI range established in this study may be used as reference to assess the HRV of presumably healthy brachycephalic dogs at routine health checks. Deviations from the reference may permit the clinician to adapt the schedule and focus of subsequent follow-up investigations.

PENDAMPINGAN LANSIA DALAM KONTEKS MENJAGA KESEHATAN FISIK DI POSYANDU LANSIA KENTINGAN KULON JEBRES SURAKARTA

Background : Regular health checks and good exercise can maintain the health of the elderly so that there is no drastic decline. Routine health checks aim to control the health of the elderly on a regular basis so that they can find out what is happening. The obstacles encountered in the partner groups are the lack of awareness of the elderly in maintaining health due to busy work and other activities. Output: increased knowledge of partner groups about health and how to protect them. Method: health education, routine health checks, therapy and exercise to maintain the health of the elderly. Results: after counseling and health assistance before and after the provision of information increased knowledge. Prior to counseling knowledge of the elderly on osteoarthritis disorders by 32% and low back pain by 36%. After being given information, there was an increase of 64% knowledge of osteoarthritis disorders and by 72% knowledge of low back pain disorders. Conclusion: an increase in knowledge in the elderly about osteoarthritis disorders and low back pain.

THE CORRELATION BETWEEN ROLE AND FAMILY SUPPORT TOWARD THE BLOOD PRESSURE ON THE PATIENT HYPERTENSION IN TANJUNG ISUY VILLAGE KUTAI BARAT

The role of the family is needed in providing support to hypertensive patients to be diligently checked themselves to the place of health care for regular blood control. One of the problems faced by the community, among others, is the lack of support and care from family members and the community in routine health checks. To know and see if there is a relation of role and support of family with blood pressure in hypertension patient in Tanjung Isuy village, Jempang Subdistrict of Kutai Barat Regency. The research method used in this study is a correlation study method with the cross-sectional approach, with a total sample of 35 people. Bivariate tests using the Spearman rank correlation test. The value of p-value from family role variables with blood pressure that is p = 0,000 &lt;0.05 which means concluded that there is a significant relation between family roles with the blood pressure of hypertension patients. Family role with blood pressure that is p = 0.003 &lt;0.05 which concluded that there is a significant relation between family support with a blood pressure of hypertension patient. There is a significant correlation between family role and support with blood pressure in hypertensive patients in Tanjung Isuy village, Jempang sub-district, West Kutai regency.

Hubungan Intensitas Kebisingan Dan Lama Kerja Dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Tenaga Kerja Bagian Produksi PT. Japfa Comfeed Indonesia Tbk.

The Relations Of The Intensity Of Noise And Work Term With The Hypertension Case Of The Production Parts Employees In PT. Japfa Comfeed Indonesia Tbk.. Some research results prove that one of the risk factor of stroke is high blood pressure (hypertension). Noise pollution may be associated with the occurrence of hypertention, this is supported by an epidemiological study in the United States. The results of that study mentioned that people exposed to noise tend to have unstable emotions. Emotional instability will lead to a stress. If the stress happened long enough, it will cause the narrowing of blood vessels, so it will make the heart to work harder to pump blood throughout the body. In a long term, blood pressure will rise, and this is called Hypertension. The purpose of this study is to determine the relations between the intensity of noise pollution and work term with the case of hypertension in the production parts employee of PT. Japfa Comfeed Indonesia Tbk. Tanah Laut regency in 2017. The research method used is an analytical survey with cross sectional approach. The population in this study is amounted to 57 people and the sample amounted to 57 people. The results of this study indicates that there is a moderate relationship between the intensity of noise pollution with the incidence of hypertension (p-value = 0,002 &lt; α = 0,05 r = 0,407), and there is a low relationship between work term with the incidence of hypertension (p-value = 0,014 &lt; α = 0,05 r = 0,323). Suggestions given to the company is to provide guidance on the use of PPE, perform routine health checks on employees and rotate the position of work on the employee of production.

De rol van ervaring bij de beoordeling van urinesediment bij hond en kat

Urineonderzoek speelt een belangrijke rol bij het diagnosticeren van bepaalde aandoeningen en bij de gezondheidsscreening van senior- en geriatrische patiënten. Er zijn geen concrete data over de invloed van de beoordelaar op de betrouwbaarheid van microscopisch onderzoek van een urinesediment bij kleine huisdieren. De doelstelling van deze studie was om de rol van ervaring bij het beoordelen van urinesediment te onderzoeken. Daarom werd het sediment van 27 urinestalen (van 13 honden en 14 katten) onafhankelijk van elkaar microscopisch onderzocht door één ervaren waarnemer (de expert) en twee onervaren laatstejaarsstudenten diergeneeskunde. Er was voor de meeste elementen een zwakke overeenkomst (lage kappawaarde: 0-0,4) tussen de observaties van de expert en die van de studenten, met uitzondering van een matige overeenkomst voor struvietkristallen (kappawaarde: 0,47). De overeenkomst tussen de studenten onderling was eveneens zwak, maar iets hoger dan de overeenkomst tussen de ervaren en onervaren waarnemers. In deze studie wordt aangetoond dat ervaring een belangrijke rol speelt om urinesediment correct te onderzoeken.

Association of Human Papillomavirus Genotype 16 Viral Variant and Viral Load with Cervical High-grade Intraepithelial Lesions.

Human papillomavirus genotype 16 (HPV16) is by far the genotype most strongly associated with cervical cancer; viral variant and/or viral load of HPV16 could modulate this association. The objective was to determine the association between the viral variant and viral load of HPV16 and the presence of cervical high-grade lesions. This cross-sectional study included all women in whom HPV infection was found by cervical smear during routine gynecologic health checks. Women with single or multiple HPV16 infections (n = 176) were selected for viral variant and viral load analysis. Smear results were classified using the Bethesda system. HPV types were classified according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Odds ratios (OR) with their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated by logistic regression, adjusted for age, immigrant status, and coinfection with other high-risk genotypes. No statistically significant associations were found regarding the detected viral variants. A viral load above the median (>1,367.79 copies/cell) was associated with a significant risk of high-grade epithelial lesion or carcinoma, after adjusting for age, immigrant status, coinfections, and viral variant: (adjusted OR 7.89; 95% CI: 2.75-22.68). This relationship showed a statistically significant dose-response pattern after categorizing by viral load tertiles: adjusted OR for a viral load greater than the third tertile was 17.23 (95% CI: 4.20-70.65), with adjusted linear P trend = 0.001. In patients infected with HPV16, viral load is associated with high-grade intraepithelial lesions or cervical carcinoma. This could be useful as prognostic biomarker of neoplastic progression and as screening for cervical cancer.

Does Cardiorespiratory Fitness Moderate the Association between Occupational Stress, Cardiovascular Risk, and Mental Health in Police Officers?

Background: Chronic exposure to occupational stress may lead to negative health consequences. Creating less stressful work environments and making employees physically and psychologically more resilient against stress are therefore two major public health concerns. This study examined whether cardiorespiratory fitness moderated the association between occupational stress, cardiovascular risk, and mental health. Methods: Stress was assessed via the Effort-Reward Imbalance and Job Demand-Control models in 201 police officers (36% women, Mage = 38.6 years). Higher levels of blood pressure, blood lipids, blood sugar, and unfavorable body composition were considered as cardiovascular risk factors. Burnout, insomnia and overall psychological distress were used as mental health indicators. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed with a submaximal bicycle test. Results: High cardiorespiratory fitness levels were associated with a reduced cardiometabolic risk, whereas high stress levels were associated with better mental health. Among participants who perceived a high Effort-Reward Imbalance, those with high fitness levels showed lower overall cardiovascular risk scores than their colleagues with low fitness levels. Conclusions: Work health programs for police officers should consider the early screening of burnout, sleep disturbances, and overall mental wellbeing. To increase cardiovascular health, including fitness tests in routine health checks and promoting physical activity to further increase cardiorespiratory fitness appears worthwhile.