Rose Research Articles

Pathogenic bacteria distribution and clinical characteristics of ventilator associated pneumonia in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Objective To explore the pathogenic bacteria distribution and clinical characteristics of ventilator associated pneumonia(VAP) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). Methods 54 COPD patients with respiratory failure were selected as the research subjects, they were taken endotracheal intubation or cut operation mechanical ventilation for treatment, for the specimens collected in the lower respiratory tract secretions or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, bacteria isolation, culture and drug sensitivity test, and the pathogen distribution, drug resistance and clinical characteristics were analyzed. Results 82 strains of pathogens were selected in 54 specimens, including gram negative bacteria 54 strains(65.85%), common with Pseudomonas aeruginosa(24.39%), Acinetobacter baumannii Acinetobacter rare(17.07%); gram positive bacteria 19 strains(23.17%), Staphylococcus aureus(12.20%) was more common; 9 strains of fungi (10.98%), with candida albicans(7.32%). Meropenem, imipenem, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, cefoperazone/sulbactam resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was low and Acinetobacter bacteria to meropenem, imipenem, cefoperazone/sulbactam aztreonam, levofloxacin resistance rate was low, pneumonia Cray Borrelia bacteria to meropenem, imipenem and levofloxacin, ciprofloxacin resistance rate was low.The sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus to vancomycin and linezolid without resistance to teicoplanin, imipenem resistant rate was low.The mortality rates of ventilator less than 4h and more than 4h were 56.25%, 43.75%, the difference was not statistically significant (χ2=2.64, P>0.05), but the mortality rate of de-escalation therapy was 19.35%, which was significantly lower than 43.48% of rose escalation therapy(χ2=8.54, P<0.05). Conclusion Gram negative bacteria infection in COPD patients combined with VAP is the main infection and pathogens to antimicrobial drug resistance higher.Therefore, the control of nosocomial infection should be strengthen, according to the etiology for the rational use of antimicrobial drugs, and clinical de-escalation therapy can reduce the mortality. Key words: Pulmonary disease, chronic obstructive; Pneumonia, ventilator-associated; Pathogen; Bacteria

Phylogeography, Historical Demography, and Genetic Structure of the Rose Bitterling, Rhodeus ocellatus (Kner, 1866) (Cypriniformes: Acheilognathidae), in East Asia.

Yao-Feng Tsao, Wen-Wen Lin, Chia-Hao Chang, Takayoshi Ueda, Nian-Hong Jang-Liaw, Ya-Hui Zhao, and Hsiao-Wei Kao (2016) Rose bitterling, Rhodeus ocellatus, is a small cyprinid fish distributed in East Asia. To infer its phylogeography and genetic structure, specimens from Taiwan, China, and Japan were collected, and complete mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) DNA sequences were amplified and sequenced. Phylogenetic analyses identified seven mitochondrial lineages (A-G). Among them, three lineages (A, B, and C) distributed in mainland China. Lineages D, E, and F distributed in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan, respectively. Lineage G distributed in both China and Japan. The results of the Bayesian Binary MCMC analysis (BBM) suggested that the most recent common ancestor of R. ocellatus was from Lower Yangtze region. Divergence times among lineages inferred by molecular clock ranged from 7.55 to 1.44 million years ago. We propose that topography and climate changes by uplift of the Tibetan Plateau in the Late Miocene-Pliocene and the glacial-interglacial cycles in the Pleistocene might account for population expansion and genetic differentiation. Divergence times among lineages A, B, and C in Yangtze River basin ranged from 7.55 to 2.27 million years ago that might result from changes of flow directions of rivers from westward to eastward driven by the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. The glacial-interglacial cycles in the Pleistocene might further cause population expansion to the northward of lineage G at about 0.19 million years ago. Lineage D in Japan was dispersed from the mainland China before the opening of the Sea of Japan, and lineage F in Taiwan was dispersed from the mainland China through the land bridge in the Pleistocene. Because of the genetic differentiation is statistically significant among populations, protection of genetic diversity and distinctness of R. ocellatus should be considered in the future conservation management.

Efficient regeneration and genetic transformation platform applicable to five Musa varieties

800x600 Background: Banana ( Musa spp.) is an important staple food, economic crop, and nutritional fruit worldwide. Conventional breeding is seriously hampered by their long generation time, polyploidy, and sterility of most cultivated varieties. Establishment of an efficient regeneration and transformation system for banana is critical to their genetic improvement and functional genomics. Results: Herein, a vigorous and repeatable transformation system for banana using direct organogenesis was developed. The greatest number of shoots per explant for all five Musa varieties was obtained using MS medium supplemented with 8.9 μM benzylaminopurine (BA) and 9.1 μM thidiazuron (TDZ). One immature male flower could regenerate 380-456, 310-372, 200-240, 130-156, and 100-130 well-developed shoots in only 240-270 d for Gongjiao, Red banana, Rose banana, Baxi, and Xinglongnaijiao, respectively. Longitudinal sections of buds were transformed through particle bombardment combined with Agrobacterium-mediated transformation using a promoterless β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene; the highest transformation efficiency was 9.81% in regenerated Gongjiao plantlets in optimized selection medium. Transgenic plants were confirmed by histochemical assay of GUS, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and Southern blot. Conclusions: Our robust transformation platform successfully generated hundreds of transgenic plants. Such a platform will facilitate molecular breeding and functional genomics of banana. Normal 0 21 false false false ES X-NONE X-NONE MicrosoftInternetExplorer4 /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Tabla normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}

Reflectance confocal microscopy features of several common diseases manifesting as papules in children

Objective To evaluate the clinical application value of reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) in the diagnosis of several common diseases manifesting as papules in children, including lichen nitidus, verruca planae, lichen striatus, milium, molluscum contagiosum and lichen pilaris. Methods A total of 579 children clinically characterized by papules were recruited into this study. RCM was used to observe lesions and perilesional normal skin. The RCM features of 6 diseases manifesting as papules were analyzed and compared. Results Based on RCM images, 236 patients were diagnosed with lichen nitidus, 70 with verruca planae, 123 with lichen striatus, 40 with milium, 53 with molluscum contagiosum and 57 with lichen pilaris. All the 6 diseases had typical RCM features. Concretely speaking, RCM images of lichen nitidus lesions showed infiltration of dense inflammatory cells and melanophages in enlarged dermal papillae. In RCM images of verruca planae lesions, cells in the granular and spinous layers were arranged in concentric circles, giving a rose cluster-like appearance. RCM images of lichen striatus lesions revealed focal swelling of stratum spinosum, absent or local liquifaction degeneration of basal cells, and clustering of a moderate number of inflammatory cells in the superficial dermis. In RCM images of milium lesions, well-circumscribed round or oval structures containing highly but nonuniformly refractive materials could be seen in the dermis. RCM images of molluscum contagiosum lesions showed intact cystoid structures containing highly refractive molluscum bodies. Lowly to moderately refractive cutin-like materials were observed along with the dilation of hair follicle infundibula in RCM images of lichen pilaris lesions. In RCM images, the 6 diseases were distinguished mainly based on structural features (patterns and refractivity) of skin lesions shown by continuous vertical scanning. Conclusion RCM is of great value to the diagnosis of diseases manifesting as papules in children. Key words: Microscopy, confocal; Skin diseases, papulosquamous; Child; Diagnosis, differential

Isolation of rugosin A, B and related compounds as dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitors from rose bud extract powder.

Dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) is a protease responsible for the degradation of the incretin hormone. A number of DPP-IV inhibitors have been approved for use in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. While these inhibitors are effective for this treatment, methods for the prevention of this disease are also required as diabetes patient numbers are currently increasing rapidly worldwide. We screened the DPP-IV inhibitory activities of edible plant extracts with the intention of using these extracts in a functional food supplement for the prevention of diabetes. Rose (Rosa gallica) bud extract powder was a promising material with high inhibitory activity. In this study, seven ellagitannins were isolated as active compounds through activity-guided fractionations, and their DPP-IV inhibitory activities were measured. Among them, rugosin A and B showed the highest inhibitory activities and rugosin B was shown as the major contributing compound in rose bud extract powder.

Book Review: Time Limited Art Psychotherapy. Edited by Rose Hughes. Routledge 2016

Book Review: Time Limited Art Psychotherapy. Edited by Rose Hughes. Routledge 2016

Effect of Cow Manure Vermicompost on Some Growth Parameters of Alfalfa and Vinca Rosa Plants

Effect of Cow Manure Vermicompost on Some Growth Parameters of Alfalfa and Vinca Rosa Plants

Natasha Du Rose, The governance of female drug users. Women’s experiences of drug policy

La consommation de drogues illicites est generalement consideree comme une « pratique masculine » et comme un « sujet peripherique » lorsqu’il s’agit de questionner un eventuel usage au feminin (p. 17). Bien que la sociologie de la drogue et de la deviance ait ete prolifique sur le sujet des drogues en general, rares sont les travaux sociologiques qui s’interessent aux femmes consommatrices. Pourtant, des le XIXe siecle, ces dernieres apparaissent aussi concernees par le phenomene et l’une de...

Erratum: Double-barreled and Concentric Microelectrodes for Measurement of Extracellular Ion Signals in Brain Tissue.

An author's middle initial was omitted from the publication, Double-barreled and Concentric Microelectrodes for Measurement of Extracellular Ion Signals in Brain Tissue. The author's name has been updated to: Christine R. Rose from: Christine Rose.

Thrombolysis of plasmin-ΔK on photochemically induced branch retinal vein occlusion after intravitreal injection in rats

Background Retinal vein occlusion is a common retinal vascular diseases.Thromblysis and anticoagulation therapies are main approaches.However, systemic thrombolysis is relatively inefficient, and it often enhances the risk of hemorrhage. Objective This study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of PLM-ΔK, a kringle deficiency mutant of plasmin, on photochemically induced branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) after intravitreal injection. Methods BRVO models were established by the combination of caudal vein injection of Rose Bengal with argon laser radiation of periphery area of retinal veins in SD rats.Forty model rats were randomized into balance salt solution (BSS) group and 0.01 U, 0.02 U, 0.03 U PLM-ΔK group, and 10 μl corresponding drug was intravtreally injected 12 hours after modeling.Ophthalmoscopy and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) were performed to observe the change of retinal veins.The animals were sacrificed 3 days after intravitreal injection, and hematoxylin and eosin staining was used for the histopathological and ultrastructural examination of retinas.The retina of the rats was isolated for the stretched preparation of retina.The expressions of fibronectin (FN) and laminin (LN) in eyeball wall were assayed by immunofluorescence technology.The use and care of the animals complied with Statement of the Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology. Results The revascularization of over 2 retinal veins was found in 0, 3, 6 and 8 rats in the BBS group and 0.01 U, 0.02 U, 0.03 U PLM-ΔK group 3 days after intravitreal injection, respectively, showing a significant difference among the groups (χ2=9.635, P=0.022), and the rat number with revascularization in 0.01 U PLM-ΔK group was not significantly different from that in BSS group (Z=-1.558, P=0.119), but the difference between 0.03 U PLM-ΔK group and 0.01 U PLM-ΔK group was significant (Z=-2.762, P=0.006). In the third day after intravitreal injection, retinal vein thrombus were found in the BSS group under the light microscope, and angiogenesis was seen on the retinal flatmount nuclear.In the 0.03 U PLM-ΔK group, posterior vitreal detachment was exhibited under the light microcope, and no retinal new vessel and cell damage were seen.FN was strongly expressed in the inner limiting membrane (ILM) layer, photocyte layer, outer limiting membrane (OLM) layer, choroid and scleral layer, and LN was expressed mainly in the ILM, OLM and scleral layer in the BSS group.However, the expression intensities of FN and LN were obviously weakened in the 0.03 U PLM-ΔK group. Conclusions Intravitreal injection of PLM-ΔK can enhance the reperfusion of occluded branch retinal vein and serve as a potential therapeutic drug for BRVO.Also it can permeate into choroid after intravitreal injection to degradate FN and LN. Key words: Retinal vein occlusion/therapy; Fibrinolytic agents/administration d Intravitreal injection; Thrombolytic therapy/methods; Disease models, animal; SD rats

Clinical application of intravenous immunoglobulin

Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is safe and effective concentration formulation which is obtained from the plasma of health adults.Domestic IVIG was used in clinical since 1979 by Liao Qingkui, who are pediatric doctor form West China Second Hospital. Researches on clinical applications of IVIG are quickly developed at home and abroad, which now become the indispensable treatment for primary and secondary immunodeficiency diseases, autoimmune diseases, infectious disease(especially for virus), stem cell or organ transplantation and ICU areas.Treatment dose and course are administered accordding to individuals and pharmacokinetic characteristics of IVIG, immunoglobulin rose to peak of drug concentration quickly, and recovery to the original level of plasma after 3-4 weeks.Common therapeutic dose of IVIG recommended by the literature were 400 mg/(kg·per time), 3-5 d, or 1 000 mg/(kg·per time), 2 d, or 2 000 mg/(kg·per time), 1 d, which were usually used for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, Kawasaki disease patients.Treatment perscription of 200-600 mg/(kg·per time), 1 d, and once every 2-6 weeks are used for immunodeficiency diseases and infections.Now, the clinical application of IVIG was reviewed. Key words: Intravenous infection; Immunoglobulin; Clinical application

Protective effects of recombinant trichinella spiralis-53 000 protein combining with imipenem on polymicrobial septic mice

To observe the protective effects of recombinant trichinella spiralis-53 000 protein (rTsP53 protein) combining with imipenem (IMP) on septic mice and their underlying mechanisms. . Male BALB/c mice were divided into five groups randomly. Cecal ligature and puncture (CLP) operation was used for building polymicrobial septic model (CLP group).Mice in sham group were only subjected to laparoromy and abdominal closure without cecum ligation. At 6 hours post CLP, mice in CLP+IMP,CLP+rTsP53,and CLP+IMP+rTsP53 groups were injected intraperitoneally with IMP (20 mg/kg) + 0.1 mL albumin,rTsP53 protein (6 mg/kg) + 0.1 mL normal saline (NS),IMP (20 mg/kg) + rTsP53 protein (6 mg/kg) respectively, mice in sham group and CLP group were injected intraperitoneally with 0.1 mL albumin + 0.1 mL NS, then these therapies were repeated every 12 hours until the experiment ended. Twenty mice were extracted randomly from each group for surveying 72-hour survival rate.At 0,6,12,24,36,48,72 hours post CLP,3 mice in each group were collected and cytokines in serum were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Whole blood was cultured, then the numbers of bacteria colony-forming units (CFU) were counted. Mice were executed at 24 hours, then the epithelial cells ultrastructures of the mice small intestinal mucosa were observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). ① Compared with CLP,CLP+IMP or CLP+rTsP53 group,72-hour survival rate of the mice in CLP+IMP+rTsP53 group was significantly elevated (85％ vs.20％,55％,25％,all P ＜ 0.05).② No bacteria was found in cultured whole blood of mice in sham group at all time-points. At 6 hours post CLP operation, the number of bacterial clone of all experimental groups was rose significantly. The changed trend of bacterial number in CLP group was rising at the beginning, then declining, and the bacterial number reached the peak at 24 hours (× 106 cfu/L:12.74± 2.33).From 12 hours, the bacterial numbers of CLP+rTsP53 group were higher than those of CLP group, and reached the peak at 36 hours (× 106 cfu/L:22.13 ± 4.28),then declined gradually. The bacterial numbers of CLP+IMP and CLP+IMP+rTsP53 groups reached the peak at 6 hours (× 106 cfu/L:5.72 ± 0.50,5.49 ± 0.59),then declined. They were significantly less than those of CLP group from 12 hours.③ From 6 hours after CLP,the cytokines levels of mice in all experimental groups were higher than those in sham group. The tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels in CLP group showed a trend of elevation in the beginning, and decrease thereafter. It reached the peak at 36 hours (ng/L:1 422.67 ±72.19).The TNF-α level peak time of CLP+IMP group,CLP+rTsP53 group,CLP+IMP+rTsP53 group was advanced to 12 hours post CLP (ng/L:1376.29±44.67,929.36±40.42,809.61±22.61).At 24 hours post CLP, the interleukin-6 (IL-6) level of CLP group and CLP+IMP group reached the peak (ng/L:215.39 ± 16.05,191.63 ± 8.99).The peak time of CLP+rTsP53 group and CLP+IMP+rTsP53 was advanced to 12 hours post CLP (ng/L:113.01 ± 12.11,92.43±6.11).The level of IL-4,IL-10 in CLP group raised gradually to the highest at 72 hours (ng/L:366.25 ±24.25,923.14±30.36).The IL-4 and IL-10 levels of CLP+IMP group raised to their maximum value at 12 hours and 24 hours respectively (ng/L:281.47±16.33,555.67±13.57),then declined. The IL-4 and IL-10 levels of CLP+rTsP53 group and CLP+IMP+rTsP53 group gradually ascended their peak value at 72 hours [IL-4 (ng/L) was 453.14±18.53,410.43 ± 15.75,IL-10 (ng/L) was 1 185.61 ± 16.74,1 006.77 ± 36.91,respectively].From 12 hours, the pro-inflammatory cytokines levels of CLP+IMP+rTsP53 group were significantly less than those of CLP+IMP group and CLP+rTsP53 group.④ At 24 hours post CLP, compared with mice in CLP,CLP+IMP, or CLP+rTsP53 group, mice in CLP+IMP+rTsP53 group had slighter ultra structure injuries in the microvilli, cell junction and mitochondria of small intestinal mucosa epithelial cells. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were reduced and the levels of anti-inflammatory eytokines were escalated by intervention of rTsP53 protein combining with IMP boosted in polymierobial septic mice serum, and enhanced the survival rate of the mice. The injection of rTsP53 protein alone had no protective effects on polymicrobial septic mice,because the amount of bacteria in mice blood was augmented

Red Professor: The Cold War Life of Fred Rose

Red Professor: The Cold War Life of Fred Rose. By Peter Monteath and Valerie Munt (Adelaide: Wakefield Press, 2015), pp.ix + 368. AU$39.95 (pb).

Educational assortative mating in Italy: what can Gini's homogamy index still say?

The homogamy index proposed by Gini is applied to describe the changes occurred in marital choice - across time and regions in Italy. The relevant increase in education by women has provoked an increase in the number of homogamous couples and in an increasing proportion of women who marry downward. Relevant differences are observed in the case of informal unions and mixed marriages. Alessandra De Rose, Professor of Demography, Department of Methods and Models for Economy, Territory and Finance, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Italy. E-mail: alessandra.derose@uniroma1.it . Romina FRABONI, Senior Researcher, Department of Social and Environmental Statistics, Italian National Institute of Statistics, ISTAT, Italy. E-mail: fraboni@istat.it .

Hold Tight, Don’t Let Go : A Novel of Haiti by Laura Rose Wagner (review)

Hold Tight, Don't Let Go : A Novel of Haiti. Par Laura Rose Wagner. New York : Amulet Books, 2015. ISBN: 978-1-4197-1204-3. 263 pp. $17.95 cloth.Note de lecture par Evelyne TrouillotKenbe fem pa lage, une expression de solidarite, d'amitie et de reconfort dans une periode difficile, mais aussi utilisee de maniere courante, comme si la vie ne pourrait etre facile. Le titre du roman de Laura Rose Wagner, Hold Tight, Don't Let Go (Kenbe fem pa lage), traduit bien cette attitude d'encouragement mutuel issue d'une longue histoire d'epreuves et de resistances. Il convient particulierement a ce livre, qui raconte les peripeties d'une jeune fille apres le 12 janvier 2010.Des les premieres pages du livre, la voix de la narratrice, Magdalie, qui raconte l'histoire au present et a la premiere personne, rend bien les details d'un quotidien bouleverse. D'entree de jeu, le contraste est souligne entre la tache anodine et sereine d'ecosser des pois congo, et l'atmosphere chaotique et sauvage provoquee par le seisme. La jeune fille de seize ans se retrouve totalement desemparee. Ayant perdu sa mere, ayant assiste a tant de destructions, elle n'a plus de reperes. Et surtout, elle apprend brutalement la fragilite de la vie :Now, I know that there is nothing on this earth that cannot be ground to dust in seconds. Now I know I can't control anything at all. Everything I know is gone, everything, everything, but Nadine. My sister, the only real thing left- the sound of her voice, the warmth and shape of her near me at night. She is as much of me as I am. (8)Tout en decrivant le chaos et les tentatives de retrouver une vie normale au milieu des debris, a cote des cadavres et au sein de l'immense desespoir que provoquent toutes ces pertes, le roman adopte une organisation plutot lineaire. Le seul chapitre beneficiant d'une date specifique est le premier qui introduit le 12 janvier 2010 ; autrement, le recit s'etale en parties identifiees par mois et annee pour raconter la vie de Magdalie durant les deux annees post seisme. Cette organisation du recit en periodes de 3 a 4 mois clairement limitees permet ainsi d'evoquer un grand nombre de faits tout en gardant une construction assez stricte. Les retours en arriere sont eux aussi dates et mis en italique, renvoyant au journal intime que Magdalie ecrivait bien avant la catastrophe.L'un des merites de ce livre est de montrer au lecteur l'etendue des degâts psychologiques causes par le tremblement de terre de cinquantetrois minutes. Le seisme a altere des relations humaines et les rapports des gens avec la vie. Dans le roman de Wagner aussi, il affecte les survivants de plusieurs manieres. L'oncle de Magdalie, Tonton Elie, qui se retrouve responsable de la jeune fille alors qu'il a deja la charge d'une femme enceinte, est tiraille par son sens du devoir et l'angoisse qu'il ne pourra jamais s'en sortir. Magdalie elle-meme reconnait que le seisme l'a changee, qu'elle n'est plus cette jeune fille d'avant. Pour elle, il y aura toujours cette cassure qui a laisse des marques indelebiles. Elle y fait reference justement en relisant son journal d'avant :These words are in my handwriting. They were written by my hand, but they were not written by the same girl I am today. That Magdalie, she had a normal life, she had homework, she had a mother and a sister. That Magdalie didn't know that her school would collapse, floor upon floor upon floor, like a house of cards. I don't recognize her. I don't recognize myself. And I hate this, I hate it all. (69)La jeune fille semble faire face a un nombre impressionnant d'epreuves : d'abord, sa cousine, meilleure amie, soeur de coeur, part pour les Etats-Unis et donne de ses nouvelles sporadiquement, puis son oncle l'informe qu'il ne pourra assumer les frais scolaires et qu'elle ne pourra plus continuer ses etudes. En outre, l'epidemie de cholera augmente la precarite et l'angoisse au quotidien. Malgre cet enchainement de catastrophes et de mauvaises experiences, le roman arrive a eviter une atmosphere pathetique en maniant l'humour, en alternant situations legeres et moments intenses. …

The dark sting of degenerate nature. Sketch of the dark-romantic inspirations in Wojciech Smarzowski’s Rose

The dark sting of degenerate nature. Sketch of the dark-romantic inspirations in Wojciech Smarzowski’s Rose The text presents Polish dark romanticism as an important source of inspiration for the images of violence, includ- ing sexual violence, in Wojciech Smarzowskis Rose. The author reveals the mechanisms of this inspiration: visual, dramatic, intellectual, and refers to specific literary texts, from the Romantic era and later, by Antoni Malczewski, Seweryn Goszczynski, Juliusz Slowacki and Wlodzimierz Odojewski.

Róża Wojciecha Smarzowskiego jako medium idei

Wojciech Smarzowski’s Rose as the medium of ideology The text concentrates on the problem of the ideologization of artistic transmission and uses Wojciech Smarzowski film ‘Rose’ as an example. This problem is considered both on several levels: reception, above all the critical-film level, and also on the level of the work itself. The analysis reveals the impoverishment of the message by radical left-wing and also conservative ideologization is becoming apparent. Also a susceptibility of work to discourse of the political correctness is becoming apparent, in addition it is rather superficial susceptibility.

The Rose Society by Marie Lu (review)

The Rose Society by Marie Lu (review)

Housework and childcare in Italy: a persistent case of gender inequality

This article focuses on the gender gap in housework and childcare in Italian couples. Italian women still carry out three-quarters of domestic work and two-thirds of childcare. We focus on three possible theoretical explanations for the persistence of the gendered division of labor: time availability, relative resources, and conformity with traditional gender ideology. Time Use data from the 2008/09 Survey edition have been used: we considered couples, married or in consensual unions, with at least one child under 14 years of age and with the mother employed. The amount of time spent by men and women on, respectively, domestic tasks and on caring for children has been modeled as a function of several couples and household characteristics. Similarly, we analyzed the women’s share of total time for housework and childcare, respectively, as dependent variables. In order to take into account the truncated nature of the dependent variables a Tobit model has been used. Results show that the family division of work is heavily biased towards women, and it is only when they take on the role of breadwinner that the amount of time their unemployed male partners spend on domestic tasks increases. Generally, when the financial resources of women are greater than those of men, they reduce the time spent on housework and gender asymmetry decreases. With regard to childcare, the gender gap is significantly reduced only when the man is unemployed and in territorial contexts where the gender system and ideology are less traditional. Adele MENNITI, Researcher, Institute for Research on Population and Social Policy, Rome, Italy. E-mail: a.menniti@irpps.cnr.it . Pietro DEMURTAS, Researcher, Institute for Research on Population and Social Policy, Rome, Italy. E-mail: p.demurtas@irpps.cnr.it . Serena ARIMA, Researcher, Department of Methods and Models for Economy, Territory and Finance, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome. E-mail: alessandra.derose@uniroma1.it . Alessandra DE ROSE, Professor of Demography, Department of Methods and Models for Economy, Territory and Finance, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome. E-mail: alessandra.derose@uniroma1.it .

Muslims in the Western ImaginationBy Sophie Rose Arjana

<i>Muslims in the Western Imagination</i>By Sophie Rose Arjana