Roller Coaster Research Articles

Influence of Role Expectancy on Patient-Reported Outcomes Among Patients With Migraine

It is usually assumed that an individual's classification as a patient or a healthy person is determined by the presence or absence of disease, but little is known about whether the mere awareness of being a patient or a healthy control can play an important role for reporting outcomes. To investigate whether assignment to the role of a patient or a healthy control has an effect on patient-reported outcomes. This single center, double-blind, 3-group randomized clinical trial included consecutive patients from a tertiary headache clinic based at a single center in Germany who were invited to participate between October 2019 and June 2023. Statistical analysis was performed from January to March 2024. Patients with migraine were randomized into 2 groups. The first group was told that this study was centered on migraine symptoms, whereas the second group was told that healthy controls were being sought for a study about patients with vertigo. A third group of age- and sex-matched headache-free participants served as controls. All participants viewed 2 standardized roller coaster videos and provided ratings of their perceived levels of motion sickness and dizziness. The primary outcome was self-reported vestibular symptoms. Secondary outcomes included differences in motion sickness, headache burden, and migraine disability. Outcomes were assessed using standardized questionnaires. The final sample included 366 participants: 122 patients with migraine assigned the role of patient (MP) (migraine as patient): mean [SD] age, 37.56 [12.93] years; 105 [86.1%] female), 122 patients with migraine assigned the role of healthy participant (MH) (migraine as healthy): mean [SD] age, 37.03 [13.10] years; 107 [87.7%] female), and 122 headache-free controls (HC): mean [SD] age, 37.55 [11.56] years; 100 [82.0%] female). The assigned role of the individuals with migraine (MP vs MH) had a significant effect on self-disclosure of (1) estimation that symptoms (dizziness) will occur under specific conditions (self-reported vestibular symptoms: 79 MP [64.8%]; 29 MH [23.8%]; 9 HC [7.4%]; P < .001), (2) the increase of such symptoms (dizziness) after viewing the roller coaster video, and (3) the reported frequency (median [IQR] self-reported monthly headache days for MP: 7 [4-15] days; for MH: 5 [2-10] days; P = .008) and severity (median [IQR] migraine disability assessment score for MP: 35 [20-64] points; for MH: 25 [11-47] points; P = .005) of migraine symptoms. Statistically significant changes were also found for self-reported headache frequency and disability caused by migraine. This randomized clinical trial found an effect of expectations regarding the role of a patient with respect to clinical and study outcomes. These findings suggest that role expectations should be taken into account when, for example, invasive treatments are discussed. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT06322550.

The challenge of change: understanding the role of habits in university students’ self-regulated learning

AbstractStudy habits drive a large portion of how university students study. Some of these habits are not effective in fostering academic achievement. To support students in breaking old, ineffective habits and forming new, effective study habits, an in-depth understanding of what students’ study habits look like and how they are both formed and broken is needed. Therefore, in this study, we explored these aspects among first-year university students in six focus group discussions (N = 29). Using a thematic analysis approach, we clustered the data in five themes: Goals Matter, Balancing Perceived Efficiency and Effectiveness when Studying, Navigating Student Life: from Structured Routines to Self-Regulation Challenges, the Quest for Effective Habits with Trying to Break Free From the Screen as subtheme, and the Motivation Roller Coaster. Findings suggest that students had different study habits depending on their goals. Students had quite accurate metacognitive knowledge about effective learning strategies for long-term learning, but often used other learning strategies they deemed most efficient in reaching their goals. Students indicated intentions to change, but did not prioritize change as their current habits enabled them to pass exams and change was not perceived as adding value. Fluctuations in motivation and transitioning to a self-regulated life hampered students’ intentions to form new and break old habits. Next to insights into factors affecting students’ behavioral change intentions, the findings suggest the importance of aligning assessment methods with life-long learning and supporting students in their long-term academic goal setting to prioritize study habits which target lasting learning to optimally foster their self-regulated learning.

Investigating cortical activity during cybersickness by fNIRS

This study investigated brain responses during cybersickness in healthy adults using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Thirty participants wore a head-mounted display and observed a virtual roller coaster scene that induced cybersickness. Cortical activation during the virtual roller coaster task was measured using fNIRS. Cybersickness symptoms were evaluated using a Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ) administered after the virtual rollercoaster. Pearson correlations were performed for cybersickness symptoms and the beta coefficients of hemodynamic responses. The group analysis of oxyhemoglobin (HbO) and total hemoglobin (HbT) levels revealed deactivation in the bilateral angular gyrus during cybersickness. In the Pearson correlation analyses, the HbO and HbT beta coefficients in the bilateral angular gyrus had a significant positive correlation with the total SSQ and disorientation. These results indicated that the angular gyrus was associated with cybersickness. These findings suggest that the hemodynamic response in the angular gyrus could be a biomarker for evaluating cybersickness symptoms.

Utilization of Video-based Laboratory (VBL) Using Tracker for Analysis of Object Motion on the Laboratory-Scaled Mini Roller Coaster

The use of teaching aids in learning can provide direct learning experiences to students so that learning becomes more meaningful. Students observe physics phenomena that occur and get physics data from these phenomena. The observed physics phenomena often happen very quickly, so it is impossible to record data manually. Therefore, a method is needed to facilitate data recording and analysis. One way to use a video-based laboratory (VBL) is by utilizing a tracker. This method allows for analyzing the objects contained in a video and displays the data in graphs and tables. This study aims to investigate the motion of objects using tracker video analysis on a mini-roller coaster tool. The video analyzed is a video of a solid ball-shaped object with a mass of 8.6 g moving along a roller-coaster trajectory. By tracking an object, physics data will be obtained to analyze acceleration and the law of conservation of mechanical energy. The analysis results match the experimental results and the physics concepts that apply to the roller coaster motion.&#x0D; Keywords: video-based laboratory (VBL), tracker, laboratory-scaled mini roller coaster

Juggling Academic Practice and Care: Collaborative Autoethnography within a Basque University Research Group

Many university scholars, including the authors of this article, acknowledge that they feel like they are riding an emotional roller coaster with academic success, as well as many project failures. Except for our PhD thesis, many of us complete our research tasks in relatively established research groups. However, little research has examined the potential these groups might have to mitigate feelings of academic isolation. To fill in this gap, we designed two methodological steps. First, we adopted the Woolfian metaphor of a room of our own, where we composed individual vignettes regarding our feelings of isolation. We read each other's texts and then, in a second step, moved to a “living room” to negotiate our emerging ideas, echoing a Collaborative Autoethnography. Two full professors and two early-career researchers reflected on and talked about their feelings of academic isolation, from their personal and professional standpoints. Despite the differences in job stability, the four participants acknowledged having felt isolated and abandoned. We argue that viewing research groups not as a community of practice, but a community of care is a more humane and desirable framework to model university research groups in these current times of exacerbating neoliberalism.

Leveraging challenges: Advancing digital education in the digital frontier

The purpose of this study is to investigate the difficulties faced by teachers while delivering online classes and to find various strategies to address these concerns. This study also aims to examine the post-pandemic shift toward blended teaching along with traditional methods. The present study utilizes a qualitative approach. The sample of the study comprises teachers in higher education institutions (HEIs) in Punjab. Semi-structured in-depth interviews with 32 teachers were conducted regarding the challenges they face while conducting online classes. The analysis was done using ATLAS.ti version 8. The findings shed light on six different categories of the difficulties faced by teachers: teaching amidst the home setting, assessment and evaluation, students’ engagement in online learning, technical problems, personal problems faced by the teachers, and issues related to institutional support. The study also tries to illustrate the transition from online to blended teaching, which has now become a new normal or the ‘next normal,’ despite the challenges. COVID-19 is one of the most severe issues that humanity has ever encountered. The transition and acceptance process varied across countries, regions, and institutions due to local circumstances and guidelines, but it was undoubtedly a roller coaster for teachers. Different individuals gradually unfolded the challenges. Blended education offers a flexible solution that can effectively address the challenges associated with online education in the post-pandemic era.

An “Adult” with Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease: A Roller Coaster Ride to a Clinical Diagnosis

We present a young male being treated as an idiopathic chronic kidney disease on dialysis for 10 years with splenomegaly. Further workup and retrospective historical details confirmed the diagnosis of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease and coexisting Caroli’s syndrome. The case is being presented for its rarity and glitches encountered during its workup.

Cybersickness in Virtual Reality: The Role of Individual Differences, Its Effects on Cognitive Functions and Motor Skills, and Intensity Differences during and after Immersion

Background: Given that VR is used in multiple domains, understanding the effects of cybersickness on human cognition and motor skills and the factors contributing to cybersickness is becoming increasing important. This study aimed to explore the predictors of cybersickness and its interplay with cognitive and motor skills. Methods: 30 participants, 20–45 years old, completed the MSSQ and the CSQ-VR, and were immersed in VR. During immersion, they were exposed to a roller coaster ride. Before and after the ride, participants responded to the CSQ-VR and performed VR-based cognitive and psychomotor tasks. After the VR session, participants completed the CSQ-VR again. Results: Motion sickness susceptibility, during adulthood, was the most prominent predictor of cybersickness. Pupil dilation emerged as a significant predictor of cybersickness. Experience with videogaming was a significant predictor of cybersickness and cognitive/motor functions. Cybersickness negatively affected visuospatial working memory and psychomotor skills. Overall the intensity of cybersickness’s nausea and vestibular symptoms significantly decreased after removing the VR headset. Conclusions: In order of importance, motion sickness susceptibility and gaming experience are significant predictors of cybersickness. Pupil dilation appears to be a cybersickness biomarker. Cybersickness affects visuospatial working memory and psychomotor skills. Concerning user experience, cybersickness and its effects on performance should be examined during and not after immersion.

Implementation of AWaRE assessment tool will play a big part in reduction of antibiotic resistance Reply to stop antibiotic resistance - A roller coaster ride through "antibiotic stewardship," "prescription auditing" and "AWaRe" assessment tool.

Implementation of AWaRE assessment tool will play a big part in reduction of antibiotic resistance Reply to stop antibiotic resistance - A roller coaster ride through "antibiotic stewardship," "prescription auditing" and "AWaRe" assessment tool.

Virtual Roller Coaster Design

This lesson offers a technology-enriched educational experience for 10th grade students that focuses on applying geometry, trigonometry, and physics. Students design a virtual roller coaster by applying geometric shapes (e.g., circles, triangles, and polygons), trigonometric ratios (e.g., sine, cosine, tangent), and physics principles (e.g., forces, energy conservation, motion dynamics). Students are challenged to make simulations that reach a height of 100 feet, a track length of 1000 feet, and incorporate one or more loops. They explore concepts like the Pythagorean Theorem, circular motion, and centripetal forces. Assessments focus on precision and creativity, presentation effectiveness, and depth of reflective discussions.

The effect of enhanced structure in the posterior segment of clear aligners during anterior retraction: a three-dimensional finite element and experimental model analysis

BackgroundMesial tipping of posterior teeth occurs frequently during space closure with clear aligners (CAs). In this study, we proposed a new modification of CA by localized thickening of the aligner to form the enhanced structure and investigate its biomechanical effect during anterior retraction.MethodsTwo methods were employed in this study. First, a finite element (FE) model was constructed, which included alveolar bone, the first premolars extracted maxillary dentition, periodontal ligaments (PDL), attachments and aligners. The second method involved an experimental model—a measuring device using multi-axis transducers and vacuum thermoforming aligners. Two groups were formed: (1) The control group used common CAs and (2) the enhanced structure group used partially thickened CAs.ResultsFE model revealed that the enhanced structure improved the biomechanics during anterior retraction. Specifically, the second premolar, which had a smaller PDL area, experienced a smaller protraction force and moment, making it less likely to tip mesially. In the same vein, the molars could resist movement due to their larger PDL area even though they were applied larger forces. The resultant force of the posterior tooth was closer to the center of resistance, reducing the tipping moment. The canine was applied a larger retraction force and moment, resulting in sufficient retraction of anterior teeth. The experimental model demonstrated a similar trend in force variation as the FE model.ConclusionsEnhanced structure allowed force distribution more in accordance with optimal principles of biomechanics during the extraction space closure while permitting less mesial tipping and anchorage loss of posterior teeth and better retraction of anterior teeth. Thus, enhanced structure alleviated the roller coaster effect associated with extraction cases and offered a new possibility for anchorage reinforcement in clear aligner therapy.

The History of Agrobacterium Rhizogenes: From Pathogen to a Multitasking Platform for Biotechnology.

Agrobacterium's journey has been a roller coaster, from being a pathogen to becoming a powerful biotechnological tool. While A. tumefaciens has provided the scientific community with a versatile tool for plant transformation, Agrobacterium rhizogenes has given researchers a Swiss army knife for developing many applications. These applications range from a methodology to regenerate plants, often recalcitrant, to establish bioremediation protocols to a valuable system to produce secondary metabolites. This chapter reviews its discovery, biology, controversies over its nomenclature, and some of the multiple applications developed using A. rhizogenes as a platform.

The Roller Coaster Ride of Oil and Gas Investments

The Roller Coaster Ride of Oil and Gas Investments

“I Found Comfort in Exercising”: Exploring Experiences With Exercise for Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Little is known about how adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) experience exercise, resulting in a lack of recommendations for supporting this population. We aimed to explore how adults with ADHD experience exercise as a management tool before and after diagnosis and how and why individuals experience issues related to exercise dependence. Fifteen active adults with a diagnosis of ADHD participated in semistructured interviews. Three overarching themes were identified: (a) exercise as a necessity for ADHD, reflecting the need to exercise before a formal ADHD diagnosis, and use of exercise as a management tool postdiagnosis; (b) goals and achievements to live by, reflecting how exercise patterns revolved around a need to make progress toward targets; and (c) activity or exercise: a roller coaster journey, covering the ups and downs of exercise journeys. This article highlights the importance of exercise for adults to manage ADHD and how this can be encouraged and supported.

EMOCIONALNI KOVITLAC U ROMANU „PLAVA“ MAGDALENE MIKOVIĆ

Using the example of the novel Blue (Plava) by Magdalena Miković, the paper investigates the way in which emotions as mental states affect our physical health, cognitive development, decision-making, but also the understanding of literary texts. Given the fact that the best approach to explaining the representation of emotions in literary texts is to focus on the literary techniques that manifest emotional states, this paper tries to explain the textual strategies with the help of which the emotional roller coaster is represented, which resulted in a deeper understanding of readers.

2009-2016 Dönemi Türk-Amerikan İkili İlişkilerini Etkileyen Faktörlerin Yorumlanması ve Bu Unsurların Detaylandırılması

The goal of this article is to better grasp and interpret the elements for a specific term that influence Turkish-American bilateral affairs, which throughout the previous few years have experienced a roller coaster. Turkish foreign policy formerly followed a Western-based course in accordance with the state's goal of westernization. Turkish foreign policy, on the other hand, has changed gradually as it turned out to be evident that the protracted EU admission efforts would not come to a conclusion. Therefore, current foreign policy of Türkiye, which is less Western centric and intimately tied with the geography of the former Ottoman Empire, has had an impact on bilateral affairs with the United States. Common interests are the most essential element influencing bilateral ties between Türkiye and the United States. The article investigates how bilateral connections are sustained when two countries have mutual concerns, as well as the implications of this if the two states have opposing concerns. As a result of the research conducted for this study, the international organizations of which the two states are a part have been ineffective in changing the interest-oriented framework of the bilateral relationship.

Weaving a Bond between the Teacher and the Taught: Using ‘Voice Thread’ as Digital App for ESL Learners

Education in this digitalized world has witnessed many a roller coaster rides. The revolution brought about by digital technology has affected the education sector to completely change the face of conventional teaching and learning. With the spate in the use of digital apps in the academic arena, the self-paced and personalized learning and the concept of teachers as ‘new learners’ has apparently challenged the role of both the teacher and the taught. Furthermore, the stage set for ‘online’ teaching during COVID 19 pandemic acted as a catalyst which resulted post- COVID in innovative strategies in teaching like blended learning, hybrid learning etc. Mobile phones, laptops and other similar devices became connecting links between the teachers and learners even outside the classroom. Learners of English as second language were exposed to digital apps to enhance their language skills, but lacked the expertise for deriving maximum benefit. The challenge for teachers put them in the category of ‘new learners’ in using these apps for effective teaching learning environment. In addition to the problems faced by second language learners to express their thoughts and ideas in speech, the challenge of teaching effective oral communication has always been a matter of concern for the teachers. In the Indian scenario, the level of learners is so varied and diverse that creating a common teaching platform becomes difficult. Also, learning gets hampered due to students’ anxiety, hesitancy and lack of interaction. ‘Voice Thread’ as a digital app presents flexibility features which are student centered and learner friendly. Besides the learners using the app to record, upload and share their audios, the teachers could also become a connecting link to motivate their efforts and improve and enhance their speaking skills. The paper is an attempt to bring Voice thread to be effectively used in Indian classrooms for teaching effective oral communication.

The displacement of teeth and stress distribution on periodontal ligament under different upper incisors proclination with clear aligner in cases of extraction: a finite element study

ObjectivesTo investigate the displacement of dentition and stress distribution on periodontal ligament (PDL) during retraction and intrusion of anterior teeth under different proclination of incisors using clear aligner (CA) in cases involving extraction of the first premolars.MethodsModels were constructed, consisting of the maxilla, PDLs, CA and maxillary dentition without first premolars. These models were then imported to finite element analysis (FEA) software. The incisor proclination determined the division of the models into three groups: Small torque (ST) with U1-SN = 100°, Middle torque (MT) with U1-SN = 110°, and High torque (HT) with U1-SN = 120°. Following space closure, a 200 g intrusion force was applied at angles of 60°, 70°, 80°, and 90° to the occlusal plane, respectively.ResultsCA therapy caused lingual tipping and extrusion of incisors, mesial tipping and intrusion of canines, and mesial tipping of posterior teeth in each group. As the proclination of incisors increased, the incisors presented more extrusion and minor retraction, and the teeth from the canine to the second molar displayed an increased tendency of intrusion. The peak Von Mises equivalent stress (VMES) value successively decreased from the central incisor to the canine and from the second premolar to the second molar, and the VMES of the second molar was the lowest among the three groups. When the angle between the intrusion force and occlusal plane got larger, the incisors exhibited greater intrusion but minor retraction.ConclusionsThe "roller coaster effect" usually occurred in cases involving premolar extraction with CA, especially in patients with protruded incisors. The force closer to the vertical direction were more effective in achieving incisor intrusion. The stress on PDLs mainly concentrated on the cervix and apex of incisors during the retraction process, indicating a possibility of root resorption.

Evaluation of the use of the game “Learning Electricity on Roller coaster” as a didactic technological resource for teaching physics

The increasing use of digital games as a teaching resource in education makes it necessary to study the impacts of using this technology in the teaching-learning process. This is the objective of this article, which evaluated the impact of using the digital game Learning Electricity on Roller coaster – LEORC, which is a game aimed at teaching Physics to high school students from two public schools in Macapá-AP. Where a questionnaire was filled out by students right after using the LEORC game in the classroom. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and exploratory factor analysis with the help of the R program. In light of the work carried out, it was possible to demonstrate that the LEORC game was a tool that had a positive impact on student learning, contributing to motivating, immersive learning. and significant in physics teaching.

Dynamic evolution of keyhole and weld pool throughout the thickness during keyhole plasma arc welding

Keyhole plasma arc welding (K-PAW) of medium-thick plates often faces instability in the initial keyhole penetration stage, so a thorough investigation of the keyhole and weld pool behavior in this stage is needed. In this paper, a special "sandwich visual sensing structure" was adopted to obtain images of weld pool and keyhole of the SUS304 stainless-steel plate during the plasma arc welding. This method allows direct observation of keyhole growth and weld pool flow throughout the thickness of the workpiece under different welding conditions. When the welding current is reduced, the plasma arc cannot melt through the metal, and the arc sweeps through the keyhole bottom like a “roller coaster”. The trends of keyhole dimensions along different directions during various welding processes were quantitatively investigated. As the weld proceeds to half of the plate thickness, the mutation zone of the rear keyhole wall becomes very common, and the rear keyhole wall's morphology frequently transforms between type I and type II. Weld pool flow characteristics during constant-speed welding were classified into four types. Last, the molten metal flow cycle and the molten metal cloud cluster have been observed by the new visual sensing method. This paper provides the industry with a more intuitive way to study the keyhole and the weld pool for K-PAW, as well as offers important guidance for the first normal penetration in the medium-thickness plate K-PAW process.