Rich World Research Articles

The 'Janus A' gene encodes a polo-kinase whose loss creates a dorsal/ventral intracellular homeosis in the ciliate, Tetrahymena.

Genetic studies on the protist, Tetrahymena thermophila provide a glimpse into the unexpectedly rich world of intracellular patterning that unfolds within the ciliate cell cortex. Ciliate pattern studies provide a useful counterpoint to animal models of pattern formation in that the unicellular model draws attention away from fields of cells (or nuclei) as the principal players in the metazoan pattern paradigm, focusing instead on fields of ciliated basal bodies serving as sources of positional information. In this study, we identify JANA, a Polo kinase of Tetrahymena, that serves as an important factor driving global, circumferential pattern. Loss of function of JanA results in global, mirror-duplication of ventral organelles on the dorsal surface: a kind of intracellular homeosis that has been named the 'janus' phenotype. Gain of function (over-expression) reduces or even eliminates cortical organelles within the ventral 'hemi-cell'. GFP-tagging reveals that JanA decorates basal bodies predominantly within the left-dorsal hemi-cell. These results led us to propose a model in which the default state of cortical patterning is a mirror-image assemblage of cortical organelles including oral apparatus, contractile vacuole pores and cytoproct. JanA normally suppresses organelle assembly in the dorsal hemi-cellular cortex, resulting in a simple, ventral assemblage of these organelles, a 'half-pattern' as it were. PLK inhibitors produce a janus phenocopy, but reveal other unanticipated roles for PLK activities involving more local patterning events that control organelle dimensions and organization. We discuss results in light of metazoan studies in which PLK activity links cell cycle control to intracellular symmetry breaking.

The beautiful woman as the ideal of the knight in Albanian heroic songs

The cult of chivalry in the Albanian Heroic songs, which represent the most artistically elevated part of the Albanian oral epic characterized by numerous linguistic and poetic values, is quite present and testifies to the rich and ancient world of songs.The knightly cult in these songs is expressed in different forms and implies, first of all, the strength of the knight, his bravery, his ability, and his willingness to face others and engage in duels with mighty braves. Furthermore, this cult is closely linked to the efforts and adventures to gain fame, to kidnap and attract beautiful girls, to protect the pastures, or to preserve the honor of the family and the tribe from various attackers. A knight can think twice about any undertaking or action, but he would never think twice when it comes to fulfilling a task set by a beautiful girl, even if he has to pay for it with his life. After all, death by fulfilling this purpose is part of the chivalrous ideal, an act that implies pride, honor, and cavalry fame.The cult of the beautiful woman is essentially rooted in the character of the chivalric world and chivalric action. A real knight is not just a knight: he has a horse, weapons for the fighting arena, for feats and battles, and he fights for beautiful women.

When to Laugh, When to Cry: Display Rules of Nonverbal Vocalisations Across Four Cultures

AbstractNonverbal vocalisations like laughter, sighs, and groans are a fundamental part of everyday communication. Yet surprisingly little is known about the social norms concerning which vocalisations are considered appropriate to express in which context (i.e., display rules). Here, in two pre-registered studies, we investigate how people evaluate the appropriateness of different nonverbal vocalisations across locations and relationships with listeners. Study 1, with a U.S. sample (n = 250), showed that certain vocalisations (e.g., laughter, sighs, cries) are consistently viewed as more socially acceptable than others (e.g., roars, groans, moans). Additionally, location (private vs. public) and interpersonal closeness (close vs. not close) significantly influenced these perceptions, with private locations and close relationships fostering greater expressive freedom. Study 2 extended this investigation across four societies with divergent cultural norms (n = 1120 in total): the U.S. (for direct replication), Türkiye, China, and the Netherlands. Findings largely replicated those from Study 1 and supported the existence of cross-culturally consistent patterns in display rules for nonverbal vocalisations, though with some variation across cultures. This research expands our understanding of how social norms affect auditory communication, extending beyond the visual modality of facial expressions to encompass the rich world of nonverbal vocalisations.

The UK: international child poverty outlier

ABSTRACT The UK has not only one of the highest rates of child poverty in the rich world, but also the most rapidly rising rate in this grouping. Within the UK, a higher proportion of children are poor in the South East of England than in Scotland. The huge rise in economic inequality in the 1980s caused the UK to become an international outlier in terms of child poverty. All subsequent UK governments have maintained inequality at high levels – by choice. The results are telling: children in England are, on average, becoming shorter in height and child death rates in England are rising, almost certainly due to rising poverty and destitution. As inequality rises poverty rises, but so too does ignorance of each other. Those who study human geography in the UK, if they went to university in recent years, are the least likely graduates to have ever been poor. Child poverty remains off our mental maps and largely outside of our geographical imaginations. That has to change.

Cross Media Narrative Analysis of Web Literature Adaptation into Anime A Case Study of Douluo Dalu

With the rapid development of digital media technology, the adaptation of online literature into anime has become an undeniable trend in the cultural industry. This study examines the Douluo Dalu series by Tang Jia San Shao, exploring how its anime adaptation has successfully brought the novel s rich fantasy world and captivating storyline to a broad audience through exquisite visual design, detailed image processing, and vivid character portrayal. This approach not only enhances the visual experience and emotional resonance of the audience but also maintains Douluo Dalu s leading position in the online literature field. Furthermore, by presenting the story through various forms such as animation, games, and TV dramas, the scope of the story s expression is broadened, thereby enhancing its dissemination and influence. This study also provides valuable insights and experiences for the diversified and high-quality development of China s anime industry, indicating that cross-media narrative strategies will play a more critical role in the future adaptation of online literature into anime, driving continuous innovation and development in the cultural industry.

A Factory of Fractional Derivatives

This paper aims to demonstrate that, beyond the small world of Riemann–Liouville and Caputo derivatives, there is a vast and rich world with many derivatives suitable for specific problems and various theoretical frameworks to develop, corresponding to different paths taken. The notions of time and scale sequences are introduced, and general associated basic derivatives, namely, right/stretching and left/shrinking, are defined. A general framework for fractional derivative definitions is reviewed and applied to obtain both known and new fractional-order derivatives. Several fractional derivatives are considered, mainly Liouville, Hadamard, Euler, bilinear, tempered, q-derivative, and Hahn.

Primal World Belief Research, for Skeptics

Sometimes skeptics are tempted to dismiss world beliefs as meaningful phenomena. Such dismissal, we argue, is a mistake. How beliefs about many broad topics impact behavior is well-established. Psychologically rich world beliefs have also peppered the cultural milieu for centuries. Multiple, decades-old literatures have already established psychometrically the existence of world beliefs, proposed effects, and developed sufficient theory to define the beliefs and explain effects (e.g., Belief in a Just World literature). However, a shared, operationalized list of belief dimensions was lacking. Does one craft such a list a priori, with a specific outcome in mind – the typical approach – or seek to discover pre-existing dimensionality empirically, with no outcome privileged – similar to how Big Five traits were identified? The former being tried (Janoff-Bulman, 1989), Clifton and colleagues (2019) chose the latter, sparking an emerging, interdisciplinary effort. Yet the origins of these beliefs remain unknown and developmental psychologists are, now, sorely needed.

Utilizing Visual Stimuli to Foster Engagement Among English Speaking Skill Learners During Instructional Sessions

The utilization of imagery proves highly effective in stimulating interest and fostering motivation for learners during the process of honing English speaking skills. Through this approach, not only does it facilitate learners in easily conceptualizing and comprehending concepts visually, but it also provides a platform for them to discuss and articulate ideas with confidence and creativity. Imagery serves as a bridge between language and real-life experiences, thereby igniting learners' passion and curiosity, aiding in their rapid and effective progress in language acquisition. In the journey of refining English speaking skills, imagery transcends mere static pictures to become gateways to myriad worlds. When educators incorporate images into the classroom, they bring not only pictures but also emotions, stories, and even dreams. Each detail within an image serves as a key, unlocking the door to imagination, enabling learners to step into a rich world where language extends beyond words on paper to vibrant images within the mind. Through the integration of imagery, the learning process becomes vivid and captivating, transforming each lesson into an adventure, a voyage filled with exploration and anticipation.

SEMI GROUP IDENTITIES WITH APPLICATIONS TO SEMI GROUPS

This research paper explores the rich and intriguing world of semi-group identities, their properties, and their applications to various types of semi-groups. Semi-groups are algebraic structures that generalize the notion of groups, allowing for non-invertible elements. Despite their broader scope, semi-groups retain many important features found in group theory. This study investigates the identities that hold true in the context of semi-group algebra and sheds light on the underlying mathematical structures and relationships among these identities. By delving into specific applications, we illustrate the significance of these findings to various types of semi-groups, such as monoids, semigroups with zero, and cancellative semi-groups. Ultimately, our results not only deepen our understanding of the fundamental properties of semi-groups. But also provide valuable insights for researchers in the areas of algebraic structures, combinatorics, and theoretical computer science.

Seashells and sound waves: modelling soundscapes in Chacoan great-house communities

Humans inhabit rich social and physical worlds and archaeology is increasingly engaging with the multi-sensory experience of life in the past. In this article, the authors model the soundscapes of five Chacoan communities on the Colorado Plateau, where habitation sites cluster around monumental great houses. The work demonstrates that the audible range of a conch-shell trumpet blown from atop these great houses consistently maps the distribution of associated habitation sites. Staying within the audible reach of great houses may have helped maintain the social cohesion of communities in the past which, the authors argue, also has implications for the management of archaeological landscapes in the modern world.

The Possibility of Estimating the Permafrost’s Porosity In Situ in the Hydrocarbon Industry and Environment

Global warming firstly influences the permafrost regions where numerous and rich world hydrocarbon deposits are located. Permafrost thawing has caused severe problems in exploring known hydrocarbon deposits and searching for new targets. This process is also dangerous for any industrial and living regions in cold regions. Knowledge of permafrost’s ice and unfrozen water content is critical for predicting permafrost behavior during the water–ice transition. This is especially relevant when ice and permafrost are melting in many regions under the influence of global warming. It is well known that only part of the formation’s pore water turns into ice at 0 °C. After further lowering the temperature, the water phase transition continues, but at gradually decreasing rates. Thus, the porous space is filled with ice and unfrozen water. Laboratory data show that frozen formations’ mechanical, thermal, and rheological properties strongly depend on the moisture content. Hence, porosity and temperature are essential parameters of permafrost. In this paper, it is shown that by combining research in three fields, (1) geophysical exploration, (2) numerical modeling, and (3) temperature logging, it is possible to estimate the porosity of permafrost in situ. Five examples of numerical modeling (where all input parameters are specified) are given to demonstrate the procedure. This investigation is the first attempt to quantitatively analyze permafrost’s porosity in situ.

Teaching Kazakh literature in secondary education through the technology of �reasoning, fall to thinking, thinking�

Relevance. This study highlights the relevance of Kanipa Bitibaeva's technology �Throw an idea, fall to thinking, thinking� popular in Kazakh CIS secondary schools. Purpose. The article examines the process of technology research and development for teaching foreign and domestic literature. Methodology. An analysis of the existing literature on pedagogical technologies was carried out, emphasizing the importance of a step-by-step approach and practical application of advanced domestic and global pedagogical technologies. Results. The issue on the agenda of the humanitarian education system of the state of Kazakhstan is to improve the quality of education and the formation of a well-developed personality with a rich spiritual world. Introduction of new teaching technologies, informatization of education. This technology identifies the scientific and methodological foundations of teaching, deepens the knowledge of students who study the Kazakh language and literature in depth, encourages the development of business skills, writing skills, vocabulary, and literary language, and promotes creative activities. In the global education system, the questions such as �What should be taught in the XXI century?�, �How do teachers prepare students for the XXI century?� are on the agenda. In the XXI century, our sovereign state aims to ensure that not only the economy, but also the education system meets international standards and is of high quality. Conclusions. The technologicalization of the educational process in accordance with modern requirements is based on the modernization of the content of education, the use of new teaching methods in the discovery of personality. The effectiveness of innovative technologies prevails in the implementation of these issues, and educational institutions play an important role in the implementation of the goals and objectives. Keywords: literature; pedagogical technology; methodology; innovation; fiction

“The voices I hear are not, or not only, in my head”: Transmission through Sounds in Ian McEwan’s Nutshell

Ian McEwan’s Nutshell – a contemporary version of Hamlet – is the account by a very eloquent in utero narrator of his mother and uncle’s plot to murder his father, John Cairncross. This contribution analyses transmission through sounds in the novel, in which the narrative is conducted by a foetus who is informed of what is going on around him mainly by what he can hear. Sounds are therefore of paramount importance in the novel.In Nutshell, McEwan provides a celebration of sounds and of the rich acoustic world we are part of without even noticing it; but beyond that, the novel is also a reflection on the nature of sounds and of the peculiar place they occupy in human cognition. As words and language can of course take on an acoustic form, Nutshell also constitutes a metalinguistic comment on the power of the spoken word. This paper first explores how the nature of sounds is presented in the novella and shows that they are intermediary entities between events and substance. The second section analyses how sounds are transmitted to the reader and shows that they induce what Patoine (2015) calls “empathetic reading” (“lecture empathique”). Finally, the third section about voices and identity shows that the characters are defined by the words they use and how they speak, so that identity itself can be transmitted through sounds.

Transformer networks of human conceptual knowledge.

We present a computational model capable of simulating aspects of human knowledge for thousands of real-world concepts. Our approach involves a pretrained transformer network that is further fine-tuned on large data sets of participant-generated feature norms. We show that such a model can successfully extrapolate from its training data, and predict human knowledge for new concepts and features. We apply our model to stimuli from 25 previous experiments in semantic cognition research and show that it reproduces many findings on semantic verification, concept typicality, feature distribution, and semantic similarity. We also compare our model against several variants, and by doing so, establish the model properties that are necessary for good prediction. The success of our approach shows how a combination of language data and (laboratory-based) psychological data can be used to build models with rich world knowledge. Such models can be used in the service of new psychological applications, such as the modeling of naturalistic semantic verification and knowledge retrieval, as well as the modeling of real-world categorization, decision-making, and reasoning. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Environmental behavior and mindset: Utilitarianism vs. duty ethics

The purpose of the research is to develop philosophical and ethical foundations of ecological behavior, as well as thinking that generates creative consciousness, dialog communication, directed against the utilitarian approach to reality. The novelty consists, firstly, in substantiating the idea of developing the essential forces of man, which are not opposed to the everyday world, but harmonize it with spiritual satisfaction. Ecological thinking and behavior do not arise randomly and automatically, but require moral effort. Normative action is connected with human efforts to join the world of humanism and love as an invariant that remains unchanged in various cultural and historical forms. Secondly, the modern understanding of the ethics of human duty involves requirements for human action to be neither destructive of future existence nor threatening to the preservation of life. The conclusions are based on the deontological understanding of ethics of duty. The applied dialectical method, which is based on the principle of activity of self-consciousness, is associated with the rise above utilitarianism, overcoming the consumerist, technocratic attitude to the surrounding world, operating with quantitative indicators of intellectual progress. The research is based on the principle of additionality of sensuality and reason, pleasure and duty. The authors substantiate the transcendental way of cognizing the ecology of man and society. Human needs and interests lie at the foundation of understanding the social and spiritual consequences of a committed action. Harmony of the principles of duty and love is promoted by creative overcoming of utilitarianism and recognition of the limits of possibilities of impact on the natural environment. Environmental behavior must be viewed in the context of the rich world of human individuality, which contributes to the harmonization of ethical duty and pleasure.

Exploring Selected Twelve-Tone Serial Piano Works by Schoenberg and Dallapiccola

This paper delves into the comparison of following compositions — Schoenberg’s Piano Suite, Op.25 and Dallapiccola’s Quaderno Musicale di Annalibera. The objective of this paper is to examine and provide answers to the following three enquiries: 1. What are the similarities beetween Piano Suite, Op.25 and Quaderno Musicale di Annalibera? 2. In what ways do these two compositional works, both utilising the same serial technique, exhibit differences? 3. Following the analysis, what advantages may be derived for the teaching process and performance? This study aims to enhance the larger comprehension of serial piano compositions and their contextual significance within the realm of serial technique by conducting a thorough examination of Piano Suite, Op.25 and Quaderno Musicale di Annalibera. By unraveling their similarities, differences, and educational implications, this research endeavors to provide valuable insight for performers, educators, and enthusiasts passionate about exploring the rich world of contemporary classical music.

The pigeon as a machine: Complex category structures can be acquired by a simple associative model

Never known for its smarts, the pigeon has proven to be a prodigious classifier of complex visual stimuli. What explains its surprising success? Does it possess elaborate executive functions akin to those deployed by humans? Or does it effectively deploy an unheralded, but powerful associative learning mechanism? In a series of experiments, we first confirm that pigeons can learn a variety of category structures- some devised to foil the use of advanced cognitive processes. We then contrive a simple associative learning model to see how effectively the model learns the same tasks given to pigeons. The close fit of the associative model to pigeons' categorization behavior provides unprecedented support for associative learning as a viable mechanism for mastering complex category structures and for the pigeon's using this mechanism to adapt to a rich visual world. This model will help guide future neuroscientific research into the biological substrates of visual cognition.

Directions for Anarchist Studies

Anarchism is a fertile site for nurturing the sorts of encounters that feminists have called intersectionality. Anarchism and intersectionality share the goal of critically examining familiar as well as emergent flows of power and meaning, and understanding their relations to one another. This paper focuses on three compelling directions for anarchist studies: Indigenous anarchism, anarchism developing with new materialism, and anarchism emergent in radical book arts. Each thread has established roots while also moving in new directions. Anarchist encounters with Indigeneity, new materialism, and book arts resonate with each other: they can foster “a commitment to the particular” through which we can immerse ourselves in rich and dense worlds where specific Indigenous theories and practices, detailed encounters with non-human things, and particular artistic + intellectual productions of materials can emerge.

The art of resilience: a psychobiography of Frida Kahlo

This psychobiography of Frida Kahlo explores the psychology of the famous Mexican artist. Drawing upon Kahlo’s paintings and diary entries, a rich psychological analysis of the feminist icon is juxtaposed with the zeitgeist of 20th century Mexico. Framed through the theoretical model of feminist psychology, Kahlo’s role in promoting gender equality and dismantling patriarchal society is discussed. Physical pain resulting from illness and impalement by a metal pole in a trolley accident was matched, if not exceeded, by the psychological pain the artist felt due to resulting issues with fertility and the long-sought but never-realized role of motherhood, infidelity within her marriage, and the eventual loss of her ability to paint. Nevertheless, Kahlo’s perseverance and strength led to worldwide recognition of her bold and vibrant paintings, vulnerably depicting her rich inner world. The present study utilises perspectives from art therapy and attachment theory to elucidate the factors contributing to Frida Kahlo’s resilience in the face of lifelong trauma and chronic pain. Ultimately, Kahlo’s life and work offer valuable insight into the psychological experiences of women in patriarchal societies, emphasising the importance of feminist perspectives in psychological research and highlighting the healing and resilience-promoting role of art.

Ring Attractors as the Basis of a Biomimetic Navigation System.

The ability to navigate effectively in a rich and complex world is crucial for the survival of all animals. Specialist neural structures have evolved that are implicated in facilitating this ability, one such structure being the ring attractor network. In this study, we model a trio of Spiking Neural Network (SNN) ring attractors as part of a bio-inspired navigation system to maintain an internal estimate of planar translation of an artificial agent. This estimate is dynamically calibrated using a memory recall system of landmark-free allotheic multisensory experiences. We demonstrate that the SNN-based ring attractor system can accurately model motion through 2D space by integrating ideothetic velocity information and use recalled allothetic experiences as a positive corrective mechanism. This SNN based navigation system has potential for use in mobile robotics applications where power supply is limited and external sensory information is intermittent or unreliable.