Definition Of Rhetoric Research Articles

Telling Time: A Rhetorical Approach to Narrative Order

Abstract Critics of Nicole Krauss's Great House (2010) find the novel “downbeat,” “tragic,” and “bleak.” Such interpretations rely on what Peter J. Rabinowitz has called “the rule of conclusive endings” by privileging the narrator of the final chapter. However, as a braided narrative, Great House weaves together five characters who narrate different stories that lead to more hopeful interpretations. The following article proposes that Krauss invites readers to simultaneously privilege multiple, conflicting interpretations by emphasizing the occasions on which her character-narrators speak. Although occasion is the central term in the rhetorical definition of narrative according to James Phelan and Rabinowitz, it has not received as much theoretical attention as the other components. Each narrator's occasion has clear temporal dimensions that cannot be reduced to one side of the story/discourse binary. Although many postclassical schools of narratology have moved away from the story/discourse distinction as central to the definition of narrative, theorists still use this binary when describing narrative order. This pair of terms fails to capture a crucial dimension of narrative time: telling time, the story moments from which a narrator speaks that contain every word of their text. While the Great House's text order ending leads to a depressing conclusion, the novel's telling order and simultaneous telling times illuminate more optimistic interpretations. Attending to the dimension of telling time in Great House illuminates an intersubjective field that not only makes the novel's tragic themes bearable but also imbues the novel with a sense of vitality and hope.

Communication with the Future and its Appropriation in the Rhetorical Images of Time

The article presents the material of the original masters-level lecture course “Practical Rhetoric and Communication Management” and addresses the problems of theoretical and applied philosophy regarding the probability factor. It involves free self-awareness, conventional types of knowledge, forecasting modes, specific types of intellectual activity and the relevant types of speech, when communication appears as a dialogue with the future, which, in confirmation of the original unity of time, illuminates all three temporal forms.The Preamble defines the reasons supporting the topicality of the “problem of the future” in the Human World, which provokes a demand for the ability to a) think about the future, b) speak its language, and c) understand its tools. The role of rhetoric in realization of our relationship with the future is noted.In Section I, rhetoric is presented as a kind of art and a subject of knowledge. Considered in three dimensions and in connection with three types of mind, it is defined as the free self-consciousness convincingly expressed in language.Section II presents practical rhetoric as an art of conscious speech management of life in time and space. The connection between it, time and the probable dimension of life has been clarified. The concept and term “rhetorical images of time” are proposed, the possible composition of the latter is given.In Section III, the rhetorical images of time in the field of activity are considered, a definition and language for the rhetoric of purpose, result, and evaluation are proposed. In the “internal” opuscule, the rhetorical “axiomatics of Aristotle” (the author’s term) is formulated, extended from the second to the fifth axiomatizations by the author himself. As a result, the rhetorical axiomatics of a) free self-awareness, b) conventional knowledge, c) project activity – the activity of mastering the future, d) its agents: consultants, analysts, experts, implementers and managers-administrators, e) types of project communication, was obtained. A rhetorical definition of the term “project” is introduced.The Epilogue offers rhetorical definitions of management as powerful communication regarding personal mastery of the future and power as the exercise of the right to manage.

Bridging Cultural Differences in Communication: The Power and Pitfalls of Metaphors and Rhetoric

Cross-cultural communication is becoming increasingly important in our globalized world, as individuals and organizations interact with people from different cultural backgrounds. Metaphors and rhetoric are powerful tools for communication, but their interpretation and use vary across cultures. This paper explores the definition and use of metaphors and rhetoric in different cultural contexts, possible misunderstandings and difficulties caused by their use in cross-cultural communication, and strategies for applying them effectively. A case study of a business negotiation between a Western company and a Chinese company is used to illustrate the potential for misunderstandings and difficulties. The paper concludes with a discussion on the importance of cultural competence and understanding cultural differences in communication for successful cross-cultural communication.

The Rhetorical Arts in Late Antique and Early Medieval Ireland, by Brian James Stone

The Rhetorical Arts in Late Antique and Early Medieval Ireland, by Brian James Stone

Rhetoric and Chastity: Gower’s Depiction of Rhetorical Practice in the Lucrece Myth

AbstractModern scholarship on deliberative rhetoric in medieval England often examines traditions of counsel that emerged out of classical democratic norms. However, John Gower’s definition of rhetoric in book 7 of the Confessio amantis describes a deliberative rhetorical practice specifically adapted for use by an authoritative monarch. Drawing on his inherited Aristotelian tradition, Gower depicts an embodied theory of deliberative rhetoric that depends on a sovereign’s reasoned capacity for deliberation and dissemination of truth in plain language. He illustrates the political possibilities that accompany this rhetorical practice through his extended discussion of the Lucrece myth. By examining his English-language Fürstenspiegel, we can better understand the close relationship between symbolic interpretation, rhetorical practice, and virtue.

Turning Tricks in Athens

This paper examines Aeschines’s speech Against Timarchus to offer frameworks for rhetoric to examine the historical particularities of sex work. Drawing on feminist and queer rhetorics, this paper rereads Against Timarchus as well as scholarly receptions of the speech to discuss how Timarchus has been positioned outside definitions of rhetoric in ways that highlight the instability of definitions of rhetoric and state power. This paper argues that kakos and atimia are useful concepts for rhetorical historiographers for examining sex work in classical Athens, as well as interrogating the power structures upon which a given definition of rhetoric is derived from.

Fight. Heal. Repeat: A Look at Rhetorical Devices in Grinding Game Mechanics

Background Common definitions of rhetoric in games such as Bogost’s ‘procedural rhetoric’ have their basis in the Aristotelian definition of rhetoric, which concerns itself with discovering all means of persuasion in language. Purpose Gaming rhetoric has more to do with inducing action in players, and therefore falls more in line with Kenneth Burke’s definition of rhetoric. Grinding is a gaming mechanic that can be analysed using rhetorical devices if Burke’s definition of rhetoric is held at the core of this understanding. This article posits that games that employ a particular game mechanic, that of ‘grinding’, are relying on a specific rhetorical device in their design known as ploke, which then persuades the player to continue to do an action multiple times over, and therefore persuade players to form attitudes that align with the designer’s rhetorical goals. Analysis An analysis of ploke was applied to three specific games: Runescape (2001), Ha des (2018) and Animal Crossing: New Horizons (2020). These games were chosen based on the ability to look at multiple genres as well as multiple different points in modern game development history. Ploke provided the ability to understand the method in which grinding communicates with players, enticing and incentivizing them to continue to complete actions repeatedly, whether for story progression or skill enhancement. The rhetorical power of ploke is found in its repetition, and since ploke describes the use of repetition in rhetorical contexts, thus grinding’s rhetorical power can be explained through this rhetorical phenomenon. Conclusion Ploke is just one rhetorical device, and grinding is just one game mechanic. There are several other game mechanics that can be analysed through rhetorical devices. This analysis allows researchers in interdisciplinary fields of games and linguistics, communication or humanities to explore how games communicate and influence player decisions.

المحاسن البلاغية في الصحيح لمسلم من بَابُ الْوَصِيَّةِ بِالثُّلُثِ:دراسة تحليلية

There is no doubt that Aḥādīths (sayings) of The Prophet (PBUH) have the great importance in the Islamic Jurisprudence because it is the second source of Islamic law after the Holy Quran. Due to the immense importance of Aḥādīth, the religious and research Scholars have paid a close attention to emerge and highlight the all aspects of Aḥādīth regarding Islamic Jurisprudence, Arabic Literatures and Rhetorical peculiarities etc. Imam Muslim's book Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim contains texts which are examples of Rhetorical. Every chapter in Imam Muslim's book is an example of rhetoric. But the main question of this research is what is the rhetoric in Kitāb al ul Waṣiyyah Bil Thuluth? The answer to this question is required in this research. Therefore the scholars have tried their best in this article to discuss the Rhetorical peculiarities of the Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim from Kitāb al ul Waṣiyyah Bil Thuluth as well as, I have analyses the definition of Rhetoric in line with different ancient modern scholars.

Rhetorical Devices in President Andrzej Duda’s speech of 24 February 2022

The purpose of this article is to present the rhetorical means in the speech of the President of Poland, Andrzej Duda, of February 24, 2022. The title speech is one of the messages delivered in crisis states and was broadcast in response to the armed aggression of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. The conducted analysis showed that the most frequently used rhetorical mechanisms in the examined text are repetitions, of which six types were counted. The use of metaphors (artifact and sociomorphic), rhetorical question with enumeration and rhetorical definition was also observed. The rhetorical means used facilitate the reception and memorization of the most important transmitted content. They also make the speech pathos, imaginative and emotional.

Towards a Theory of Arbitrary Law-making in Migration Policy

The article considers what arbitrary law-making is and what may count as arbitrary law-making in the field of migration policy. It contributes to the discussion of arbitrary law-making in relation to migration policy in two ways. First, it offers an analysis of arbitrariness, pointing out that rhetorical definitions abound – perhaps not surprisingly, given that migration is a highly-contested policy area – and argues for why transposing a conception developed in ethical theory to the law has high theoretical costs. An alternative conception is described and found to be better equipped to deal with arbitrary law-making in migration policy. It is argued that if we want to understand how arbitrariness plays out in the field of migration law – which is necessary to find ways to hinder its spread by the adoption of specific law-making practices – we first need to distinguish arbitrariness from legitimate choices of legislators. Secondly, a typology of forms of arbitrariness is fleshed out in relation to contemporary migration policy. The policy area is here broadly construed to include not only naturalisation processes, but also migration, asylum and refugee policies and more generally border control. The examples are taken from a broad selection of countries. They have been chosen for illustrative purposes only. Keywords: arbitrariness, discretion, arbitrary power, forms of arbitrary power, borders, migration policy, citizenship policy

‘Blockchain Good, Bitcoin Bad’

Blockchain is one of the most widely debated technologies in recent years. Pundits and scholars have described it as a disruptive technology that will impact many sectors of society. Skeptics argue blockchain’s popularity is fuelled by the media’s obsession for the ‘next big thing’ rather than the intrinsic potential of the technology. In this paper, we follow a social constructivist approach with the aim of explaining how different discourses are creating new meanings about this technology. As Communication scholars, we focus on the role media play in framing debates about blockchain. Our analysis relies on a human coding of the most popular news about blockchain circulating on Twitter from October 2014 to July 2018. The findings show the general attitude about blockchain is predominantly positive. The discourses developing around crypto technologies are complex and multifaceted and indicate a general transition in the rhetorical definition of blockchain.

Provocation as a Genre: Rhetorical Definitions of MeToo Discourse

Modern media has led to changes in the scope, intensity and effectiveness of communication. The Internet medium, which offers almost unlimited dialogue and polylogue possibilities, has become an attractive place for provocation to be born and function. The provocative narrative not only inspires these processes, but also becomes as a result of such a genre modification. This article analyzes a provocative discourse, the Lithuanian version of the global movement MeToo, which promotes the publication of cases of sexual harassment: testimonies of women who have been sexually harassed, publications in the media discussing the issue, interviews with discourse participants, another type of comments. The MeToo discourse is characterized by a rhetorical aspect: the concept of provocation as an effective communication strategy is explored; the relationship of the provocative narrative to the genre category is discussed; characteristic rhetorical elements – invention, disposition, elocution – have been distinguished.

Rhetorical Elocution: Figurative Expression of Political Discourse

The modern definition of rhetoric is based on the conception of rhetoric as a universal system of persuasion, so persuasive discourses are the main object of rhetorical researches. Political discourse, the primary purpose of which is persuasion, is a textbook example of persuasive discourse. The paper presents a study into political rhetoric: the comments ant political programmes of the candidates in the presidential election in the Republic of Lithuania. This research aimed to determine the dominant figurative expression in political comments according to the methodological approach of the discipline of rhetoric and on previous studies. Figurative expression is a broad linguistic category involving the use of (non-)linguistic tools of expression which perform the aesthetic and (or) persuasive function. In rhetorical studies, a figurative expression is realised and analysed not as a standard embellishment of discourse, but primarily as an instrument of persuasion. It must be noted that for elocution-level rhetoric analysis of political discourse, essential expression tools are those that reflect the worldview and the values of discourse participants. Therefore, besides the rhetorical analysis, the methods of content and context analysis are also invoked. Discourse studies reveal a direct interaction between rhetorical tools and persuasion of the message. Rhetorical figures perform the function of information “framing” and adapting the expectations of the addressee.

Rhetoric in Digital Communication: Merging Tradition with Modernity

Looking into the definition of rhetoric in the digital space, one often encounters the view that rhetoric is too remote or too “ancient” to be used as a conceptual, theoretical or practical framework for researching digital media. However, a substantial body of contemporary media research applies the theory of rhetoric, using a modern conceptual apparatus (e.g. cognitive theories of metaphor). Based on Kenneth Burke’s model of the pentad, the article aims to show that media messages in the digital environment are based on the notion of the rhetorical situation and demonstrate that the rhetorical apparatus has a crucial role in discerning the ways to modify the discourse space in human-computer-human communication. The source of modification in the traditional model of a rhetorical situation is the interactive nature of communication in digital media and the fact that the recipient [agent a] is bestowed with the role of an active participant who can influence the content of the message. Thanks to the use of the rhetorical model of pentad, the argument goes that in contrast to traditional media, modifications in the model act 1 → agent → agency → act 2 are possible and they result from the inclusion of external participants [agent b] and changes in the ontological status of the digital medium from the role of an intermediary to an active participant in the communication process [agent c].

What Is Rhetoric ?

What Is Rhetoric ?

L’expérience par procuration : l’hypotypose et la narration historique de l’Antiquité à la Renaissance

Aussi longtemps que l’histoire a été considérée comme magistra uitae il a fallu que ses lecteurs puissent avoir l’impression, en la lisant, d’assister et de participer aux événements racontés afin de vivre, par procuration, l’expérience d’autrui. C’est par rapport à cette fonction pédagogique du récit historique en tant que récit d’expérience que nous voudrions interroger les procédés qui caractérisent l’hypotypose (la parataxe, la précision et l’accumulation des détails, l’effacement du locuteur) ainsi que les pouvoirs (de « monstration », d’émotion et de persuasion) qui lui sont attribués. Il s’agira de revenir, en amont de la définition rhétorique de la « figure de style », vers ce qui est sans doute une matrice originaire de l’art de « faire voir » pour retrouver le lien fondateur et problématique qui relie l’hypotypose à l’expérience et à la double exigence d’en rendre compte et de la transmettre à autrui. Nous escomptons ainsi éclaircir quelques aspects du rapport entre histoire et rhétorique depuis l’Antiquité et jusqu’à la Renaissance, et analyser la contradiction qui caractérise le nom même d’hypotypose – « description à grand traits » et « description évidente » – ainsi que sa relation étrange avec son quasi paronyme : la diatypose.

Window rhetoric: Curtains, drapes and blinds

Abstract Taking Wayne C. Booth's efforts to widen the definition of rhetoric, Augustine's remarks on ‘signs’ and ‘things’, Martin Heidegger's remarks on logos as points of departure, this article explores the rhetorical effects and implications of ordinary glass windows and their different but typical coverings, and how the double logos of windows alters and varies according to how windows are covered and how much or little is concealed by these coverings.

Rhetoric and Power: The Drama of Classical Greece

Rhetoric and Power: The Drama of Classical Greece

A Novel History of Fictionality

Proposing a rhetorical definition of fictionality as intentionally signaled invention in communication, this article shows how a historical investigation of fictionality can inform our understanding of the rise of the English novel in the eighteenth century. The essay situates its approach to fictionality in relation to work on the concept by both historians of the novel, especially Catherine Gallagher, and narratologists, especially Richard Walsh. The essay then analyzes salient passages related to fictionality in Fielding’s Tom Jones (1749), Horace Walpole’s The Castle of Otranto (first edition 1764, second edition 1766) and Austen’s Northanger Abbey (1888, written in 1798–99). These analyses demonstrate that signs and discussions of fictionality in the early novel change in ways that reflect the development of the genre: whereas Fielding and Walpole explicitly proclaim to be founders of new provinces of writing, Austen incorporates a discussion of fictionality into the established but still-contested genre. More generally, the essay shows that the discourse on fictionality within the early novel reveals how its practitioners understood the genre’s relations to realism, to truth, and to the neighboring genres of romance and history.

A Language of Play: New Media's Possibility Spaces

This article sketches a theory to describe how play—like words and images—is a resource used by people to express attitudes, to share ideas, and to persuade others. This language of play is at stake at all levels of composing, including invention, production, consumption, distribution, and access. To make this case, this essay makes two large, over-arching claims in its description of play. First, play is symbolized non-discursively within magic circles, or rule-bound cultural sites where composers act strategically. Second, play is emphasized and enabled by specific characteristics of computable media that allow it to be symbolized through rhetorical forms such as memes, feedback systems, and avatars. In particular, the essay describes four possibility spaces for play that are opened by computable media. Play is endlessly repeatable, customizable, interactive, and radically variable. The essay concludes by offering a rhetorical definition of play specific to computers and writing and suggests possible pedagogical moves instructors might make to highlight the rhetoricity of play for students.