Distribution Of Rhesus Blood Groups Research Articles

Pattern of ABO and Rhesus Blood Group Distribution among Second Year Medical Students of Arsi University, Southeast Ethiopia

Pattern of ABO and Rhesus Blood Group Distribution among Second Year Medical Students of Arsi University, Southeast Ethiopia

Distribution of ABO and Rhesus (D) blood group antigens among the Indian Kami population from the Sub-Himalayan region of West Bengal and Sikkim, India

Abstract BACKGROUND: Limited information is available regarding the distribution of ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood groups among the populations from the sub-Himalayan regions. The present study was undertaken to understand the phenotypic, genotypic, and allelic frequencies of ABO and Rh antigens among the Kami population. METHODS: A total of 1420 Kami individuals were included in the study from the sub-Himalayan region of West Bengal and Sikkim. The ABO and RhD blood groups were determined among 158 individuals by standard slide agglutination method, and from 1262 individuals blood group, data were collected who had undergone routine blood group tests in diagnostic laboratories. RESULTS: The frequency of blood group O (31.06%) was found to be the highest followed by B (29.15%), A (27.54%), and AB (12.25%). A total of 97.89% individuals were Rh (D) positive and 2.11% were Rh (D) negative. The allele frequencies of ABO were found to be 0.200 for IA (p), 0.243 for IB (q), and 0.557 for IO (r). For Rh (D), the calculated gene frequencies were 0.855 for Rh positive (ID) and 0.145 for Rh negative (Id). Among the subcaste of Kami population, a significantly high frequency of blood group A was observed among Baraily and Lamgade, O among Sashankar, Dural, Diyali, and Dutraj, and B among Ramudamu, Koirala, and Silal. CONCLUSION: The study is the first of its kind to comprehensively describe the ABO blood group distribution among the Kami population which shows the same trend as the general Indian population.

Distribution and Frequency of ABO and Rhesus blood groups among donors at Chughtai Institute of Pathology, Lahore

Aim: To assess the demographic background of blood donors in a referral institution located in Lahore, as well as the distribution of blood groups among those who donate blood. Additionally, the study will investigate the distribution of blood groups among those who donate blood. Study design: A cross-sectional study Place of Study: Chughtai Institute of Pathology, Lahore Study duration: March to June 2023 Results: Among the participants, blood group O was most common 202(49.26%), followed by A 110(27.1%), B 82(20%) and AB 15(3.65%). Blood group O was most common. Blood group O was the least common among participants. The least common blood group was AB, with 3.65% of male participants and 1.7% of female participants. A statistical analysis found no significant difference between gender and blood type (χ2 = 2.9932, P value =0.912). All blood groups except AB had Rh-negative antigens. A comparison of blood types found no changes in RH (χ2 = 2.112, P value = 0.698). Conclusion: For the functioning of a national health service, it is crucial to possess current information on the prevalence of blood types in various local settings. Currently, there is a lack of information on this important subject. Our research provides detailed information on the blood type and demographic characteristics of donors. Additional research and mobilisation are needed nationwide to adhere to the World Health Organization's suggestions regarding voluntary blood donation. Keywords: Rhesus factor, ABO, blood donation, and transfusion medicine

Distribution of ABO, RhD Blood Group among Secondary School Students at Bishops Girls Secondary School Rushere Kiruhura Southwestern Uganda

ABO and Rhesus blood group antigens are inherited genetic markers in human blood. Haemoglobin is an efficient transporter of oxygen from the lungs to the tissues and carbon dioxide from tissues to the lungs for exhalation. The study was to determine the distribution of ABO and Rhesus blood groups among secondary school female students. The blood samples of 107 secondary school students at Bishops girls’ Secondary School Rushere kiruhura Southwestern Uganda between July to August, 2023 were collected and their haemoglobin genotypes were determined using HemoTypeSC™ rapid test kit and ABO and Rhesus blood groups were determined by a standard tube method. Results. The frequencies of ABO blood groups among the study population were 20 (18.5%), 24 (22.5%), 06 (5.4%) and 57 (53.6%) for blood group A, B, AB, and O respectively. Also, the distribution of Rhesus (D) positive and Rhesus (D) negative were reported as 98 (91.6%) and 9 (8.4%) each. There was no association between ABO, Rhesus (D) and Hb genotypes observed. Data revealed that Rhesus (D) positive students were statistically higher in number compared to the Rhesus (D) negative students (p=0.000). The sequence of ABO distribution among the rural population in southwestern Uganda is; O > A > B > AB. The frequency of Rhesus (D) negative is very low among secondary school students at Bishops’ Girls Secondary School Rushere Kiruhura Southwestern Uganda Keywords: blood groups, ABO blood group, Rh group, Haemolytic Disease of the Newborn

Distribution of ABO and Rhesus (RHD) blood groups among blood donors in Republic of Congo

Aims: The ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood group systems are most important in population genetic study and for blood transfusion purposes. This study was conducted to determine the distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups among Congolese blood donors. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at National Center for Blood Transfusion, over a period of 5 years from January 1, 2011, to December 31, 2015. This study included the blood transfusion centers of Brazzaville, Pointe Noire and other localities grouped together in the North and Southwest coordination. Blood grouping ABO and Rhesus were determined using conventional blood typing procedures based on Beth-Vincent and Simonin-Michon methods. Results: Out of 266,055 blood donors included, 217,990 (81.9%) were male and 48,065 (18.1%) were female donors. Most donors were young adults, representing the age group of 18–30 (45%). The majority were replacement (62.4%) while the remainder was voluntary donors (37.6%). The most prevalent blood group was O (56.6%), followed by blood groups A (20.3%) and B (20.1%), whereas the least prevalent blood group was AB (2.9%). The majority 97.6% were Rh D positive, and 2.4% were Rh D negative. Conclusion: The study has a significant implication regarding the inventory management of blood transfusion center in Republic of Congo.

Pattern of ABO and Rhesus Blood Group Distribution among Second Year Medical Students of Arsi University, Southeast Ethiopia

Background: The genetics, inheritance patterns, and disease susceptibility of blood group antigens, which are hereditary in nature, are crucial for transfusion safety. The purpose of the present study was to determine the frequency and distribution of both ABO and Rhesus blood types among second year medical students of Arsi University. Methods: All second-year medical students at Arsi University participated in a cross-sectional study that was institutionally based. A structured questionnaire and a data collection sheet were used to obtain the socio-demographic data and blood group types of study participants. The blood samples were obtained by standard procedures and subjected to determination of ABO and Rhesus blood group using antisera by combined slide and test tube method. Each sample was tested for ABO and Rhesus status. The collected data were double entered into Epi-data version 3.1 and exported into SPSS version-22 for analysis. Descriptive statistics was used to calculate percentage frequencies of blood phenotype. The genotypic and allelic frequencies of the blood groups were calculated from the observed phenotypes under the assumption of Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium. Result: In the present study, one questionnaire was rejected for incompleteness, resulting in a response rate of 98.89%. The respondents had a mean age of 21.38 years (SD ± 0.898) and were mainly female (58.4%). The distribution of ABO blood group was; blood group O (39.3%); blood group A (31.5%); blood group B (24.7%) and blood group AB (4.5%). The proportions of Rhesus (D) positive and Rhesus (D) negative were 84.3% and 15.7%, respectively. Conclusion: The current study revealed that blood group O is the most frequent blood group among the ABO blood group system with dominant Rh positivity. This study along with other similar studies in other regions of the country will be useful for health planners to face medical emergencies.

Distribution of ABO and Rhesus Blood Groups among the Blood Donors in a Teaching Hospital of Hilly Region, Nepal: A Cross-sectional Study

INTRODUCTION: The ABO and Rhesus-D blood group systems are important and widely used in humans for transfusion of blood and blood components for various medical conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution of ABO and Rhesus D blood groups among blood donors at Karnali Academy of Health Sciences, Teaching Hospital, Jumla, Nepal. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From July 2019 to January 2022, a retrospective cross-sectional study among 800 blood donors was conducted using medical records from blood donors who donated blood in a Teaching Hospital of Jumla, Nepal. Microsoft Excel was used to analyze thedata, and the results were presented as frequency and percentage. RESULTS: The most common blood group was ‘A’ (30.6%) and the least common was ‘AB’ (14.5%) with a majority of male blood donors (84.6%). Only 2.2% of blood donors was Rhesus-negative, while 97.7% were Rhesus-positive. Considering ABO and Rhesus blood groups altogether, blood group ‘A’ Rhesuspositive (30.1%) was the most common and blood group ‘AB’ Rhesus-negative (0.1%) was the least common. CONCLUSIONS: Blood group ‘A’ was the most common, followed by blood groups ‘B’, ‘O’, and ‘AB’. The majority of the blood donors were Rhesus-positive, with blood group ‘AB’ Rhesus-negative being the most uncommon. This information would be helpful to the hospital’s blood bank in this rural hilly region, particularly in the hospital’s planning for blood transfusion services.

ABO and Rhesus Blood Group Distribution in Mogadishu, Somalia

PurposeOur aim in this study is to reveal the blood group distribution by investigating retrospectively the blood types of around 60 thousand patients and donors who applied to Mogadishu Somalia Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital between 2018 and 2021.Patients and MethodsThe blood group data of 59,442 people were included in this study. 20,414 (34.35%) of the study’s participants were female, 39,023 (65.65%) were male. The blood groups of participants were determined using the slide method and the gel column technique. The frequencies and percentages of O, A, B, AB and Rh blood groups were calculated.ResultsThe frequencies of ABO blood group distribution indicated that blood group O and Rh+ were predominant in Mogadishu O group: 60.30%, A group: 26.50%, B group: 11.27%, AB group: 1.93%, Rh+ group: 96.49%, Rh− group: 3.43%.ConclusionThis is the first study about blood group distribution in Mogadishu based on a large number of blood type tests and hospital data. The findings of our study can guide the blood center administrators make decisions concerning blood stocking and supply. This study can give an idea about how much fluctuations may occur in the frequency of blood group types in emigrant populations over many years.

Could blood groups have prognostic significance on survival in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma?

The prognostic importance of the ABO blood group in non-Hodgkin lymphoma is largely unknown. We aim to investigate the prognostic significance of blood groups on the survival in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients. 412 people (206 DLBCL patients and 206 healthy donors) were included. The blood group types of patients treated at our center from 2009 to 2019 were analyzed retrospectively and compared to the results from healthy thrombocyte donors. The distribution of the ABO blood groups was as follows: blood type A (45.2%), B (9.7%), O (38.8%), and AB (6.3%). We found no statistically significant difference between patients and the control group in terms of ABO and Rhesus blood group distribution (p = 0.27 and p = 0.45, respectively). The median follow-up time was 18 months (0–116). In the Cox regression analysis ABO blood groups, and Rh group were not significant predictors of survival in patients with DLBCL, whereas ECOG score, IPI score, Ann-Arbor stage, and LDH level were found significant. Receiving R-CHOP as the first-line treatment was associated with better survival in the multivariate analysis. No statistically significant difference was found between the control and DLBCL patient groups regarding the distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups.

Distribution and Frequency of ABO and Rhesus (D) Blood Groups in Somalia: A Retrospective Study on Students of Jazeera University, Mogadishu-Somalia.

Background There are differences in the distribution and frequency of ABO and D blood groups in different populations of the world. Relatively very little information is available about blood group distributions in the Somali population. Objectives: To identify the distribution and frequency of ABO and D blood groups among the Somali people. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study of 1811 enrolled students of Jazeera University was conducted in Jazeera University diagnosis and research center, Mogadishu-Somalia from December 2017 to December 2020. The result was presented as the frequency of each blood group with percentage. A Fisher's exact test was carried out to test the significant association of the ABO blood group with sex and D antigen with sex. Results Blood group O was the most prevalent (61%), followed by A (27%), B (10%), and AB (2%). The D-antigen was present in 97% of participants and 3% were D-negative. The distribution of O+, A+, B+, AB+ among D-positive subjects were 62%, 27%, 9% and 2.0% while that of O-, A-, B- and AB- among D-negative subjects were 57%, 27%, 12% and 3%, respectively. The frequencies of ABO and D-antigens in both male and female subjects were O > A > B > AB. However, this study found no significant difference of ABO with Sex and D-antigens with sex (P-value>0.05). Conclusions The frequency of ABO and D blood groups among the Somalia population was found to be O > A > B > AB which was similar to those reported from most East African populations.

Frequency and distribution of ABO and Rhesus (D) blood groups: A tertiary care hospital experience

Frequency and distribution of ABO and Rhesus (D) blood groups: A tertiary care hospital experience

ABO and Rhesus Blood Group Distribution and Blood Donation Willingness Among First-Year Health Students in a Saudi University.

BackgroundUnderstanding the distribution of blood groups and blood donation willingness in a population is crucial in managing blood banks and transfusion services. Moreover, awareness of one’s own blood group is essential especially in emergencies that mandate blood donation. This study aimed to determine the distribution of ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood groups among health students, the students’ knowledge about their blood group, and their willingness to donate blood.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included all newly accepted health students in a large university in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia (N=1145) during August 2020. The data included a self-administered questionnaire and the serology results of ABO and Rh factors. Chi-squared and Fisher’s exact tests were performed followed by a multivariable binary logistic regression analysis which identified the predictors of willingness of blood donation.ResultsBlood group O was the most frequent type among students (51.1%), followed by group A (24.5%) and B (20.4%). The majority (93.3%) of students had Rh-positive factor. When we compared students’ answers with their sample results, most students (75.5%) correctly reported their ABO and Rh blood groups. Male students and those with a previous history of blood donation correctly reported their blood group more than others. Of the total sample, 47.3% were willing to donate blood within the next year. Positive predictors of the willingness of student to donate blood included being male, and those with a history of blood donation. Interestingly, students with a family member in the healthcare field were significantly less likely to donate blood.ConclusionBlood group O and Rh positive were the most frequent blood groups. Most students had a good knowledge about their blood groups, and about half of students were willing to donate blood. Efforts to encourage the young population to participate in blood donation are crucial.

Distribution of ABO and Rhesus Blood groups among Type-2 Diabetic subjects

ABO and Rh blood group systems have been associated with a number of diseases including type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Epidemiological studies have inconsistently associated ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood groups with T2DM risk. To assess the distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups among type-2 diabetic subjects and to check the potential association between ABO and Rh blood groups with T2DM. This small retrospective case-control study was conducted at DM WIMS Hospital, Wayanad. One-year data (from Jan-18 to Jan-19) of fasting, postprandial or random plasma/serum glucose, HbA1c, ABO and Rh blood groups of Non- diabetic and type -2 diabetic subjects were collected from the Hospital Clinical Laboratory Medicine department. Among 280 randomly selected data, 147 are non-diabetic subjects, and 133 are confirmed and known cases of type 2 diabetic mellitus. Subjects with Blood group B has the highest distribution percentage among group-2 (59.39%) in comparison with group-1 (34.02%), followed by A (19.55%), O (18.79%), AB (2.27%). Statistical analysis using Chi-square test among ABO and Rh blood groups between group-1 and group-2 showed a significant (p< 0.001) association of blood group “B +ve” and least association of blood group “O +ve” with T2DM. However, the Rh Blood groups evaluation for T2DM showed no clear association, as both Rh +ve and Rh -ve were uniformly distributed in the groups. The ABO and Rh blood groups may have a possible role to play in the development of T2DM. The subjects with B + ve blood group are at greater risk for T2DM and O + ve blood group individuals are at lower risk for T2DM. Keywords: Blood groups; ABO blood groups; Rh blood groups; Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; distribution; association REFERENCES

Antalya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Transfüzyon Merkezi’ne başvuran donörlerde ABO ve Rhesus (Rh) kan grupları dağılımının araştırılması

Amaç: Bölgemizdeki ABO ve Rhesus (Rh) kan grubu dağılımını belirleyerek transfüzyon tıbbı uygulamalarımıza ve ülkemizin kan grubu veri tabanına katkı sağlamayı amaçladık. Yöntem: Antalya Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Transfüzyon Merkezi’ne 01.01.2013 ile 01.09.2019 tarihleri arasında başvuran donörlerin ABO ve Rh kan grubu bilgileri retrospektif olarak analiz edildi. Birden fazla bağışta bulunan donörlerin tek kan grubu verisi dahil edildi. Kan grupları kolon aglutinasyon yöntemi ile saptandı. Bulgular: Başvurusu kabul edilen 15.997 donörden 10.867 donörün kan grubu çalışmaya alındı. Donörler 10.335 (% 95.10) erkek ve 532 (% 4.90) kadından oluşmakta ve yaş aralığı 37.38 ± 9.52 idi. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre 4.676 (% 43.0) kişi A kan grubu, 3.750 (% 34.9) kişi O kan grubu, 1.695 (%15.6) kişi B kan grubu, 706 (% 6.5) kişi AB kan grubu olarak saptanırken, 9.830 kişi (% 90.5) Rh (+) ve 1.037 kişi (% 9.5) Rh (-) olarak saptandı. Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonuçları ülkemizin ABO ve Rh kan grubu dağılımı ile uyum göstermiştir. Ülkemiz genelinde olduğu gibi A kan grubu oranı en yüksek iken onu 0, B ve AB kan grupları izlemiştir. Antalya bölgesinde ilk kez yapılan çalışmamızın sonuçlarının transfüzyon tıbbı uygulamalarımıza, ülkemizin kan grupları dağılımı veri tabanına ve bilimsel çalışmalara katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

Distribution of ABO and Rhesus Blood Groups in Cancer Patients

Literatürde ABO ve Rhesus (Rh) kan gruplarının kanser hastalığı ile ilişkisine dair yapılan çalışmalar incelendiğinde mutlak bir sonuç çıkarmak mümkün olmamakta, sonuçlar ülkelere ve çalışmanın yapıldığı merkezlere göre değişkenlik gösterebilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı kliniğimizde ABO-Rh kan gruplarının kanser alt tiplerine göre dağılımını değerlendirmektir. Ocak 2015- Ocak 2020 tarihleri arasında Tıbbi Onkoloji kliniğinde kanser tanısıyla takip ve tedavi edilen hastaların kan gruplarının kanser tiplerine göre dağılımı incelendi ve veriler kanser olmayan kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırıldı. Katılımcıların yaş, cinsiyet gibi sosyodemografik verileri, kanser alt tipi ve kan grupları (ABO-Rh) retrospektif olarak hasta dosyası ve hastane otomasyon sisteminden tarandı. Çalışmaya 1894’ü (%22.1) kanser hastası, 6681’i (%77.9) kontrol grubu olmak üzere 8575 birey dahil edildi. Kontrol grubu ve kanser hastalarında kan gruplarının dağılımında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptandı (p

Analysis of the ABO and RH (D) Blood Groups Among Third Year Integrated Science Education Students of the University of Education, Winneba

The objective of this study is to get an information about the distribution of ABO and Rhesus blood group, among the Education students of the University of Education, Winneba. Also it is a need for routine screening for hemolysin among blood group O, if found to be high, as well as to institute donor registry for Rhesus negative blood group, if found to be low. Records of ABO and Rhesus blood grouped results of students were screened in November 2019. Data were analyzed by the use of the software Epi info, version 5.3.4. Descriptive statistics were used to compute percentages and averages. Results are presented in tables and charts, and expressed as percentages/ proportions, and means. One hundred and sixty-six results were obtained, made up of 132 males and 34 females. Among the population studied, blood group O had the highest frequency, 93 (56%), followed by blood group A, 39 (23.5%), then B, 29 (17.5%), while AB had the least frequency, 5 (3%). Most of students were found to be Rhesus positive (92.2%) while Rhesus negative were only 7.8%. Blood group O was found to be highest among the study population followed by A, B and AB in that order. Most of the students were found to be Rhesus positive while only a few were Rhesus negative. Routine screening for hemolysin among blood group O and institution of donor registry is recommended.

Distribution of ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood Groups among Voluntary Blood Donors in Central Gujarat, India

Distribution of ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood Groups among Voluntary Blood Donors in Central Gujarat, India

Prevalence of ABO and rhesus blood groups in blood donors: a study from a tertiary care centre in south Gujarat, India

Background: Since it was discovered by Karl Landsteiner, the ABO blood group system is the most important blood group system in Transfusion Medicine. ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood group antigens are hereditary characters and are useful in population genetic studies, in resolving medico-legal issues and more importantly for the immunologic safety of blood during transfusion. Aims: This study was carried out to determine the frequency and distribution of ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood groups in blood donors of tertiary care hospital-attached blood bank and compare it with other data from similar studies within the India. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted among the blood donors of GMERS Medical College and Hospital, Valsad Gujarat State (India), who donated blood during the period from January 2017 to December 2018. ABO and Rh blood grouping was performed by forward blood grouping (cell grouping) using test tube agglutination method using antisera A, antisera B and antisera D and by reverse grouping (serum grouping) using pooled known A, B and O cells. Results: Out of 2971 blood donors, 2746 (92.42%) were male and 225(7.57%) were female. The blood group frequencies positions in the descending order were ‘O’, ‘B’, ‘A’ and ‘AB’ respectively. Rh positive donors were 97.54% and Rh negative were 2.45%. One group was ‘Oh’ (Bombay Phenotype). Conclusions: ‘O’ group is the most frequent position of ABO blood group system followed by ‘B’ group. Rh+ is the most frequent group than Rh- in the Rh system. Blood donations by females are very low.

Frequency and Distribution of ABO and Rhesus Blood Group of Blood Donors

Frequency and Distribution of ABO and Rhesus Blood Group of Blood Donors

Comparative ABO blood group and rhesus factor distribution between homogenous and heterogenous populations in South Eastern Nigeria

Background: The ABO blood group and Rhesus (Rh) factor remain the most important blood group in transfusion medicine. Knowledge of ABO and rhesus blood group distribution within a population is indispensable for transfusion medicine, clinical and marriage counselling.
 Aims and Objectives: The objectives of this study were to provide data and compare the pattern of ABO and rhesus blood group distribution between a homogenous and a heterogenous population.
 Material and Methods: Blood was collected from 352 University students representing a heterogenous population and 235 primary school pupils in a local community representing homogenous population. The ABO and rhesus blood groups were determined using white tile and agglutination methods.
 Results: Among the 352 and 235 individuals studied in UNN and HFNP, blood groups O had the highest frequency with 54.80% and 51.06% respectively while blood group AB had the least frequency of 4.50% and 3.40% in UNN and HFNP respectively. Rhesus positive had the highest frequency of 88.63% and 95.33% while rhesus negative had the frequencies of 11.35% and 4.68% in UNN and HFNP respectively. Rhesus negative was highest among females in UNN 26 (7.37%) while males had the highest rhesus negative 7 (2.98%) in HFNP. In both study populations, there was no significant difference in ABO and rhesus blood group distribution between the males and females (P > 0.05).
 Conclusions: A homogenous population is associated with low prevalence of rhesus negative compared to a heterogenous population.