Documentary Review Research Articles

Applying a quantitative fire risk assessment method in hospital settings: Case study

Understanding and mitigating fire risks in healthcare settings are crucial for ensuring the safety of individuals, especially during the current pandemic, which has increased the use of oxygen-supply equipment and potentially raised fire hazards. This case study, conducted in two university hospitals in Semnan, Iran, examined fire risk factors in healthcare facilities using a developed fire risk assessment method. A total of 28 wards and 74 compartments were assessed. Data collection included topographical structure analysis, building usage evaluation, and process documentation review. The FRAME method, validated in previous studies, was used to calculate fire risk levels for buildings, contents, occupants, and activities. The fire risk assessment revealed varying risk levels across different wards and compartments in the two hospitals. Hospital A exhibited higher fire risk levels compared to Hospital B, with several wards in Hospital A classified as "High" or "Very High" risk. Factors contributing to higher risk levels included building design, occupancy density, and the presence of flammable materials. Occupants in certain wards, particularly those with high occupancy rates and limited evacuation routes, were identified as being at increased risk. Activities such as the storage and handling of flammable materials were also found to contribute to elevated risk levels in specific areas. The study emphasizes the importance of implementing targeted fire safety measures, especially regarding oxygen-supplying equipment, high-density ventilators, and limited escape routes, to mitigate risks effectively in healthcare settings. This comprehensive assessment can guide best practices in fire safety management in hospitals.

Pentingnya Kesadaran Pajak dan Analisis Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Penjualan pada Toko Dumai Terpal

This study aims to explore the importance of tax awareness and the analysis of sales accounting information systems at Toko Dumai Terpal, a micro, small and medium enterprise in Dumai City. This study seeks to understand the factors influence the level of tax compliance among UMKM and the role of sales accounting systems in supporting transparency and efficiency. The research method employed includes direct interviews, documentation, and literature review, with primary data sourced from the business owner and secondary data from the company's financial archives. The research results show that the lack of tax awareness among UMKM taxpayers has a negative impact on tax compliance. The sales system which is currently manual based with Microsoft Excel support is deemed less than optimal in managing sales transactions and accurate reporting. The results show that the Dumai Tarpaulin Store experienced an increase in sales of 32.90% from 2021 to 2022. This increase was influenced by meeting customer needs for appropriate tarpaulin product variants, competitive prices, as well as improving economic conditions after the COVID-19 pandemic. The conclusion of this study highlights that increasing tax awareness and implementing a more structured accounting system can drive operational efficiency, improve tax compliance, and support sustainable business growth.

The human right to health in the Brazilian penitentiary system during the COVID-19 pandemic

This study analyzes the protection of the social right to health for the prison population during the management of the health crisis caused by the new coronavirus in the Brazilian state of Goiás. To address this issue, both the structural problems in the provision of fundamental health guarantees for inmates in Brazil and the development of the COVID-19 health crisis in the prison units of Goiás are examined. The study is qualitative in nature and is based on a bibliographic and documentary review, prioritizing as sources the public regulations issued by the Government of the State of Goiás and the General Directorate of the Penitentiary System during the period from March 2020 to March 2021. The findings show that, in the analyzed temporal and spatial context, the state government did not effectively guarantee the social right to health for prisoners. This finding results in a severe detriment to the protection of human rights, exceeds the scope of ius puniendi, and constitutes an abuse of the state's punitive power, thus amounting to a flagrant unconstitutional state of affairs that must be addressed both during the pandemic and after the health emergency has ended.

Relationship between profitability and dividend payout from industrial companies listed at Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange, Tanzania

The creation of profits is necessary in order to distribute dividends to shareholders after investment. Previous studies focused on dividend payments and macroeconomic conditions. The aim of this paper is to investigate the connection between profitability and dividend pay-out in Tanzanian industrial companies that are listed on the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange (DSE). The study used a panel data research design and a quantitative technique. The research conducted from 2009 to 2023, 105 firm-year data points from seven industry categories were analyzed. The study was to compile significance data through documentary review. Panel data regression was used to evaluate the research data both descriptively and inferentially. The findings of the research showed a strong positive association (P < 0.005) between manufacturing firms' profitability and dividend payout. All things considered; the findings indicate that industrial enterprises listed on the DSE are primarily motivated by profit. The study suggests that manufacturing companies should raise their profitability to attract more capital and raise the dividend payment ratio.

Aproximación a la capacitación en competencias digitales de docentes en servicio en contextos de pobreza

This study had like main objective to develop recommendations for teacher training in digital competencies in contexts of poverty in Latin America. Using a qualitative approach that combined documentary review and participatory methods, key strategies for the adaptation of accessible digital tools and the development of practical skills in teachers were identified. The findings highlight the importance of creativity and continuous training in educational technology to overcome technological limitations and promote educational equity.

Tax Planning and Decision-Making: a Study in Manufacturing Companies

Objective: The objective of this research is to analyze the relationship between tax planning and decision-making in companies in the manufacturing sector of the city of Quito. Theoretical Framework: In the development of theories on tax compliance, which constitute the theoretical basis for tax control strategies, the theories of deterrence, behaviorism and signaling are detailed. Method: This study involves the application of mixed methods through an exhaustive documentary and bibliographic review. The research is classified as descriptive and correlational. In addition, a survey has been structured with a Likert scale. Results and Discussion: From the data collected, it was concluded that there is a high degree of relationship between tax planning and business decision-making. Research Implications: The design and implementation of proper tax planning leads to more viable decision-making for a company's economic and financial health. This finding supports the idea that organizations can optimize their bottom line by effectively incorporating tax planning strategies into their decision-making processes. Originality/Value: The importance of the impact of the tax burden on the results of organizations is recognized, and, therefore, this research is positioned as a valuable contribution for companies to have a meaningful tool when designing strategies aimed at optimizing their economic and financial resources.

Implementasi Kurikulum Merdeka di Lembaga Pendidikan Era Perkembangan Teknologi

The government policy of implementing the independent curriculum as part of the National Education system certainly has great challenges and opportunities in the era of technological development, where knowledge and technology are developing very rapidly, resulting in rapid and competitive changes. Therefore, the implementation of the independent curriculum must be aligned and supported by good resources, the strength of financial institutions, support and guidance from stakeholders. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of the implementation of the independent curriculum to face technological developments. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection tools use interviews, documentation, and literature reviews. The results of the study stated that 1) The implementation of the independent learning curriculum consists of School Assessment; surprising characters; effective RPP and zoning system; 2) The challenges of implementing the independent curriculum in facing further technological developments to the implementation of learning include the demand for continuous improvement of teacher competence; the need for adequate facilities and infrastructure; and the demand for the independence of educational institutions.

Strategi Kepala Sekolah Untuk Membangun Image Sekolah Yang Bermutu

This study aims to analyze the principal’s strategy in creating a quality school image. The research method uses a qualitative method. Data collection tools use interviews, documentation, observation and literature review. Data analysis uses qualitative descriptive analysis. The results of the study state that the principal’s strategy to build a quality state school image focuses on improving the quality of learning, the quality of graduates, the participation of parents, school residents and the community, and improving the quality of school facilities and infrastructure. The leading obstacle in implementing the strategy of building a quality state school image lies in the community’s assessment of the school. For this reason, efforts to improve school quality standards, especially teacher and education personnel competency development activities, must continue to be carried out so that they have an impact on high public trust.

Ciclicidad de las políticas en el mercado ecuatoriano del camarón: comparativa internacional

Since its entry into the commodities market in 1968, Ecuadorian shrimp has had a significant impact on both the domestic market and international trade, consolidating itself as an important source of foreign currency for the country. The objective of this study focuses on analyzing the influence of the economic policies implemented in Ecuador to promote the growth of shrimp production and export, comparing them with the policies applied in the main leading countries in the sector, such as India, Thailand, Indonesia and Vietnam. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected and analyzed between the years 2019 and 2023 through descriptive statistics and documentary review. The results show that Ecuador has led the production and export of shrimp through countercyclical policies and the resilience of the sector, driven mainly by strategies from the business sector. The conclusions highlight that, although there are tax benefits and trade agreements, the success of the country's shrimp production depends largely on private initiative. This suggests the need for greater government support in R&D and security to further strengthen the sector.

STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN DESA WISATA BENGKEL, TABANAN

Bengkel Village is one of the pilot tourism villages in Tabanan Regency with potential in natural, cultural, and man-made tourism attractions, making it highly suitable for development. This research aims to assess the internal and external conditions of Bengkel Tourism Village and propose strategies for its sustainable tourism development in Tabanan Regency. Data collection methods include observation, in-depth interviews, documentation, and literature review. The study utilizes the AFITH concept (Attraction, Facilities, Infrastructure, Transportation, and Hospitality) and PEST analysis (Political, Economic, Social, and Technological). Informants were selected using purposive sampling, comprising key informants, primary informants, and additional informants. The findings identify four strategic points for Bengkel Tourism Village development: attraction and tourism destination enhancement strategy, comprehensive tourism program strategy, quality improvement strategy, and human resources development strategy.

Dysfunctional Studies: Family Business New School of Thought

Purpose: To explore and connect the potential elements identified as dysfunctional in family businesses (DYSFB), where productive, unproductive, and destructive aspects are underscored. Methodological design: A documentary review focused on identifying relevant scholars and academic works that address this dysfunctional dimension. Results: The "dysfunctional side" analysis provides a significant and novel contribution to family business (FB) studies. It establishes a framework for future theoretical and empirical research on deviations from ideal conditions within such organizations. Research limitations: A notable limitation is the need for further empirical research to substantiate the proposed theoretical model, which may lead to a more precise definition of the construct, as well as a clearer understanding of the factors or forces that drive DYSFB from a systemic perspective Findings: The viability of advancing a new school of thought devoted to studying dysfunctionality in family businesses (DYSFB). The theoretical model posited here lays a foundation for future research and holds considerable potential to inform public policy, shape the entrepreneurial ecosystem, and influence entrepreneurship education.

Cybersecurity and Business Survival in Nigeria: Building Customer's Trust

Purpose: This paper investigates the role of cybersecurity in ensuring business survival and fostering customer trust in Nigeria. Design/Methodology/Approach: A qualitative documentary review approach was employed, analysing legislations, policies, standards, and regulations related to cybersecurity from 2000 to 2024, especially those instruments that impact business survival in Nigeria and beyond. The study utilised thematic and comparative analysis to extract insights and identify gaps in the existing frameworks. Findings: The research reveals that while existing legal instruments on cybersecurity provide a foundational framework for protecting businesses, legislative, enforcement, compliance, and awareness gaps persist across the socioeconomic sphere, hence the continued losses from cyber threats and attacks. Businesses with robust cybersecurity practices were reported to enjoy higher customer trust and operational sustainability levels. However, weak compliance and inadequate awareness hinder the full potential of these measures. Research Limitation: The study is limited to a thematic review of existing documents, which may not fully capture real-time business practices and challenges. Practical Implication: Strengthened cybersecurity measures promote trust in digital transactions, reduce the risk of cybercrime, and ensure the continuity of businesses, contributing to economic stability and improved consumer confidence in Nigeria's digital economy. Social Implication: The findings provide actionable recommendations for policymakers to enhance the effectiveness of cybersecurity legislation and for business leaders to adopt best practices in securing their operations and building trust. Originality/Value: It contributes to existing knowledge by linking robust cybersecurity practices with enhanced customer trust and operational sustainability.

Social technology and rescue of native seeds in the Venezuelan Andes Páramo

This study analyzes the recovery and conservation of potato landraces in the Venezuelan Andes Páramo, specifically in the Mérida region. Smallholder potato farmers in the Venezuelan Andes have been actively creating knowledge, processes, and socio-technical artifacts necessary for the recovery of potato seeds and other types of plant genetic resources critical for food and agriculture. This effort has involved diverse socio-technical dynamics, engaging both human and non-human actors, with the support of universities, research institutions, local and national governments, etc. These initiatives counter historical trends, such as the erosion of complex genetic resource systems, genetic resources, the impacts of agricultural modernization, dependency on oil and imported agricultural technologies, and more recent challenges, such as food shortages. Using traditional techniques such as Tinopós—underground caves for seed storage—and social appropriation of technological processes, including genetic improvement, Andean smallholder farmers have successfully rescued ancient potato varieties while developing new ones. Fieldwork conducted in 2019 included a documentary review, thematic analysis, and a technology inventory. The findings reveal a close relationship between the diversity of Andean root and tuber crops, the unique biophysical and climatic conditions of the Páramo, and the traditional knowledge of peasant communities residing in these territories. The study underscores the importance of border relations and cultural translation between different knowledge systems in recovering and conserving native potato seeds. These efforts represent a locally driven initiative to construct social technologies for food sovereignty and sustainable local development.

Development of Creative Economy for Madura Odheng Crafts Based on Digital to Support the SDGs in Relatively Underdeveloped Areas in Madura Island

Objective: One of the SDGs is to reduce inequality, including through economic empowerment for communities and improving access to technology. This research aims to: 1) explore the economic, philosophical, and cultural potential of Madura Odheng crafts; 2) develop a digital-based creative economy for Odheng crafts; 3) advance relatively underdeveloped areas through culture-based sustainable development. Method: The research method used is qualitative, employing exploratory research techniques. To obtain comprehensive data, the data collection methods include interviews, documentation, observation, and literature review. The data is then analyzed qualitatively following the stages proposed by Miles and Huberman. Results and Discussion: The results of the study show that the application of digital technology in the marketing and production of Odheng crafts has proven effective in enhancing competitiveness and market reach. E-commerce platforms, social media, and mobile applications help expand market access both nationally and internationally. Research Implications: The development of digital-based Odheng crafts supports sustainable development goals by creating an inclusive and sustainable economy. Originality/Value: the state of the art and the novelty expected from this research is the result of a study that addresses community welfare issues based on the potential of local culture as an economic source, primarily to address welfare issues in relatively underdeveloped areas. This involves analyzing regional typology based on the Klassen typology.

Assessment of Day Care Centers under Public Mental Health Program in a District of Kerala: An Observational Study

Abstract Introduction: Day care is a component of service provisioning for persons with severe mental illness living in the community. This study assesses day care centers under a public mental health program in a district of Kerala. Methods: We did a documentary review of program documents to describe how the day care program had envisaged its structure, function, and expected outcome. Field visits were made to assess the centers on the same attributes. The lead staff members and all program attendees were interviewed. The sociodemographic and clinical profile was assessed while disability was measured using the WHODAS 2.0 12-item Scale. Results: The two centers were assessed 8 years after their inception. The centers functioned as drop-in-type social care facilities located on local government premises, and each center was serviced by a nursing personnel, a nursing attendant, and a social work personnel who worked as an occupational therapist and program coordinator for both centers. The estimated cost of running each center was 20 lakhs/year. Occupational therapy activities were geared toward day engagement and did not aspire to impart vocational skills or employment opportunities onsite or outside and almost all work-based occupational therapy activities fizzled out after a limited trial. Centers catered to both persons with mental illness and intellectual developmental disorders. There was no formal exit plan for the attendees, the mean duration of attendance was 4.4 ± 2.63 years, the total attendees since inception were 75, and the currently active number was 28. Nonspecific reasons and family inconvenience were noted as reasons for disengagement. Disability assessment revealed a mean score of 8.45 ± 6.8 (median 6.5, range 0–27), indicating low levels of disability, although 60% were formally certified with median disability of 60%. Overall, staff opined, based on their interactions with the attendees’ families, that day care attendance offered benefits over routine outpatient care in terms of providing a meeting place outside the home for recreation and socialization. Discussion: Our assessment concludes that the modest benefits that attendees get from the centers are derived largely from the socializing and companionship that the meeting place provides. We suggest that more such drop-in centers can be started with a lesser cost outlay while at the same time upgrading the existing ones with more resources to derive greater benefits than from the current meeting place orientation.

Utilizing natural language processing to identify pediatric patients experiencing status epilepticus.

Compare the identification of patients with established status epilepticus (ESE) and refractory status epilepticus (RSE) in electronic health records (EHR) using human review versus natural language processing (NLP) assisted review. We reviewed EHRs of patients aged 1 month to 21 years from Boston Children's Hospital (BCH). We included all patients with convulsive ESE or RSE during admission. We employed and validated a pre-trained NLP tool, Document review Tool (DrT), to identify patients from 2013-2020, excluding training years (2017-2019). DrT notes a machine-learning score based on a support vector machine (SVM) and bag-of-n-grams. Higher scores indicated more likely ESE/RSE cases. To further evaluate the effectiveness of DrT-assisted review, we compared the results to human-reviewed notes from the pediatric Status Epilepticus Research Group (pSERG) consortium at BCH. The pre-trained algorithm identified 170 patients with RSE using DrT (Sensitivity: 98.8%), compared to 116 patients identified during human review (Sensitivity: 67.4%). Additionally, we identified 207 patients with ESE using DrT (Sensitivity: 99.5%), compared to 91 patients identified using human review (Sensitivity: 43.8%). Overall, DrT missed 3 cases (2 RSE and 1 ESE cases) that were identified during human review and identified 173 cases (56 RSE and 117 ESE cases) that were not found during the human review. DrT-assisted manual review demonstrated higher sensitivity in identifying patients with ESE and RSE than the current standard of human review. This suggests that in contexts characterized by resource constraints NLP-related software like DrT can considerably enhance patient identification for research studies, treatment protocols, and preventative care interventions.

Artificial intelligence, sustainability and environmental impact. A narrative and bibliometric study

Studies on artificial intelligence (AI) have increased significantly over the past decade to the point that they have recently become essential to diverse fields. Regarding studies on sustainability, environmental care, and the application of technological advances, AI-based models have also gained particular significance. Accordingly, this study explored the relationship between AI, sustainability, and environmental impact through a mixed documentary review, which combined a narrative review and a bibliometric analysis. The narrative review examined the main ideas and stages that permeate the intersection of AI and sustainability, identifying their contributions and challenges. The bibliometric analysis provided a quantitative overview of scientific production, highlighting trends in terms of production, countries, and most influential keywords. The results reveal that AI has a crucial role in promoting sustainable practices, but it also poses risks that require careful consideration. Hence, the costs of AI must also be analyzed. The study underlined the need for a balanced approach that maximizes the benefits of AI while minimizing its negative impacts on the environment.

Labor inclusion of people with disabilities in Colombia

The low participation of people with disabilities in the labor market has been a problem that has existed for many years, however, it was not always a relevant issue as it is today and that is why this article will highlight the factors. that must be taken into account so that they can actively participate in the workplace. Objective: determine the aspects that influence the adequate labor inclusion of people with disabilities in companies and identify their employability trend. Method: a documentary review was carried out of the research and documents published during the last 5 years in relation to labor inclusion and employability trends for people with disabilities in Colombia. This collection of information had the library as its main source. digital CUN from which much of the data contained in this document was extracted. Analysis and integration of information: For the analysis of the information, the background of the topic, the laws and regulations, as well as the data collected quantitatively and qualitatively, were taken into account. Conclusions: labor inclusion is a very broad issue in which both employing companies and the government play an important role since they must provide the necessary guarantees to achieve active participation in the business environment of people with disabilities

Impact of Women Entrepreneurship on Household Income in Lushoto District of Tanga Region, Tanzania

This study aimed to promote a positive transformation of the mindset and perception of women to be entrepreneurs in income generation at household level by creating, inventing and initiating their own services or products for income generations. The study discussed the types of entrepreneurship, role of women entrepreneurs, challenges and the availability of opportunities. The finding from the study revealed that the most of women fail to change their mindset and perception in creating, inventing and initiating their own services or products for income generations. The study used the qualitative and quantitative approach. The cross-sectional research design was used. The research tools/technique use were the questionnaire, checklist (include Interview Guide and Documentary Review).The study used the sample size of 100 respondents and employed the simple random sampling, stratified sampling and purposive sampling during the data collection. The qualitative and quantitative research was used. The study adopted the Cross-Sectional Research Design. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS Version 20) was used to analyze the data. The study concludes that there were poor mindset and perception of women to be entrepreneurs. The study recommends that the women should transform the mindset and perception to be innovative, creative and curious of creating their own income generation from their business projects.

The Impact of Default Mobile SDK Usage on Privacy and Data Protection

Are mobile app developers actively enabling data collection by advertisement and analytics companies, or are they unaware of the implications of using the provided software development kits (SDKs)? Given that the current mobile app ecosystem inadvertently involves collecting user data, which often infringes upon data protection and privacy standards, the question of the underlying reason for the permissibility of data processing arises. We contribute to this research for both Android and iOS by performing a two-step qualitative analysis. First, we conduct a structured documentation review of five advertisement and five analytics SDKs, focusing on privacy-related information. Subsequently, we implement a set of example apps utilizing the basic functionality of each SDK. This custom utilization of the SDK allows us to perform a fine-grained traffic analysis of each required step from initialization until utilization. Our results show that only little guidance on data protection compliance is provided. The observed network traffic shows that overall data collection by SDKs is similar between operating systems and only requires basic usage by the developer to trigger. We discover that with current SDKs, developers have minimal influence over the collected data, as merely using the basic functionality already results in data collection, with advertisement SDKs collecting more data than analytics SDKs. Overall, we explain the observed data protection infringement in ongoing mobile privacy research by documenting how developers must bear with opaque SDKs that lead to data collection simply due to usage.